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Pan ML, Hsu CH, Lin YD, Chen BH, Lu CH, Yang SD, Chou PT, Wu YT. Overcrowded 14,14'-Bidibenzo[a,j]anthracenes: Challenges in Syntheses and Atypical Property of Lacking Symmetry-Breaking Charge Transfer (SBCT). Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401063. [PMID: 38654592 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
14,14'-Bidibenzo[a,j]anthracenes (BDBAs) were prepared by iridium-catalyzed annulation of 5,5'-biterphenylene with alkynes. The molecular geometries of overcrowded BDBAs were verified by X-ray crystallography. The two dibenzo[a,j]anthryl moieties are connected through the sterically hindered 14 positions, resulting in highly distorted molecular halves. The conformation with a small twist angle between two molecular halves can minimize steric conflicts between the substituents at 1 and 13 positions and the carbon atoms of the central axis, as well as steric clashes between those substituents. One such example is octafluoro-substituted BDBA, where the interplanar angle between two anthryl moieties is approximately 31° (currently the lowest reported value, cf. 81° in 9,9'-bianthracene). The intramolecular interactions and electronic couplings between two molecular halves resulted in upfield 1H NMR signals, redshifted absorption and emission bands, and a reduced HOMO-LUMO gap. Photodynamic investigations on BDBAs indicated that the formation of the conventional symmetry-breaking charge transfer (SBCT) state was suspended by restricted rocking around the central C-C bond. Such a mechanism associated with this highly constrained conformation was examined for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 701401, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ding Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, No.101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Rd., 300044, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 106319, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Ta-Hsueh Rd., 701401, Tainan, Taiwan
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Pan ML, Hsu CH, Lin YD, Chen WS, Chen BH, Lu CH, Yang SD, Cheng MJ, Chou PT, Wu YT. A New Series of Sandwich-Type 5,5'-Biterphenylenes: Synthetic Challenge, Structural Uniqueness and Photodynamics. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303523. [PMID: 37997021 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
A new series of biaryls, bi-linear-terphenylenes (BLTPs), were prepared using the tert-butyllithium-mediated cyclization as the key synthetic step. The three-dimensional structures of the studied compounds were verified using X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations. Tetraaryl(ethynyl)-substituted BLTPs are highly crowded molecules, and the internal rotation around the central C-C bond is restricted due to a high barrier (>50 kcal/mol). These structures contain several aryl/terphenylenyl/aryl sandwiches, where the through-space π-π (TSPP) interactions are strongly reflected in the shielding of 1 H NMR chemical shifts, reduction of oxidation potentials, increasing aromaticity of the central six-membered ring and decreasing antiaromaticity of the four-membered rings in a terphenylenyl moiety based on NICS(0) and iso-chemical shielding surfaces. Despite the restricted C-C bond associated intramolecular TSPP interactions for BLTPs in the ground state, to our surprise, the electronic coupling between two linear terphenylenes (LTPs) in BLTPs in the excited state is weak, so that the excited-state behavior is dominated by the corresponding monomeric LTPs. In other words, all BLTPs undergo ultrafast relaxation dynamics via strong exciton-vibration coupling, acting as a blue-light absorber with essentially no emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Lun Pan
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hsien Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ding Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Sen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Han Chen
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Lu
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Da Yang
- Institute of Photonics Technologies, National Tsing Hua University, 30013, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ting Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, 70101, Tainan, Taiwan
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Takano H, Ito T, Kanyiva KS, Shibata T. Recent Advances of Biphenylene: Synthesis, Reactions and Uses. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Takano
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; School of Advanced Science and Engineering; Waseda University; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Takeharu Ito
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; School of Advanced Science and Engineering; Waseda University; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Kyalo Stephen Kanyiva
- Global Center for Science and Engineering; School of Advanced Science and Engineering; Waseda University; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Takanori Shibata
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; School of Advanced Science and Engineering; Waseda University; 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
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Jin Z, Yao ZF, Barker KP, Pei J, Xia Y. Dinaphthobenzo[1,2:4,5]dicyclobutadiene: Antiaromatic and Orthogonally Tunable Electronics and Packing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Kayla P. Barker
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing 100871 P. R. China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
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Jin Z, Yao ZF, Barker KP, Pei J, Xia Y. Dinaphthobenzo[1,2:4,5]dicyclobutadiene: Antiaromatic and Orthogonally Tunable Electronics and Packing. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2034-2039. [PMID: 30565363 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic conjugated hydrocarbons containing antiaromatic four-membered cyclobutadienoids (CDB) are of great fundamental and technical interest. However, their challenging synthesis has hampered the exploration and understanding of such systems. Reported herein is a modular and efficient synthesis of novel CBD-containing acene analogues, dinaphthobenzo[1,2:4,5]dicyclobutadiene (DNBDCs), with orthogonally tunable electronic properties and molecular packing. The design also features strong antiaromaticity of the CBD units, as revealed by nucleus-independent chemical shift and anisotropy of the induced current density calculations, as well as X-ray crystallography. Tuning the size of silyl substituents resulted in the most favorable "brick-layer" packing for triisobutylsilyl-DNBDC and a charge mobility of up to 0.52 cm2 V-1 s-1 in field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ze-Fan Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kayla P Barker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jian Pei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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