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Abstract
The two natural allotropes of carbon, diamond and graphite, are extended networks of sp3-hybridized and sp2-hybridized atoms, respectively1. By mixing different hybridizations and geometries of carbon, one could conceptually construct countless synthetic allotropes. Here we introduce graphullerene, a two-dimensional crystalline polymer of C60 that bridges the gulf between molecular and extended carbon materials. Its constituent fullerene subunits arrange hexagonally in a covalently interconnected molecular sheet. We report charge-neutral, purely carbon-based macroscopic crystals that are large enough to be mechanically exfoliated to produce molecularly thin flakes with clean interfaces-a critical requirement for the creation of heterostructures and optoelectronic devices2. The synthesis entails growing single crystals of layered polymeric (Mg4C60)∞ by chemical vapour transport and subsequently removing the magnesium with dilute acid. We explore the thermal conductivity of this material and find it to be much higher than that of molecular C60, which is a consequence of the in-plane covalent bonding. Furthermore, imaging few-layer graphullerene flakes using transmission electron microscopy and near-field nano-photoluminescence spectroscopy reveals the existence of moiré-like superlattices3. More broadly, the synthesis of extended carbon structures by polymerization of molecular precursors charts a clear path to the systematic design of materials for the construction of two-dimensional heterostructures with tunable optoelectronic properties.
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Shen P, Zhang X, Lu H, Su Z, Zhou Y, Song B, Li X, Yang X, Tu Y, Li CY. Effect of Fullerene Volume Fraction on Two-Dimensional Crystal-Constructed Supramolecular Liquid Crystals. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:125-129. [PMID: 30371012 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The volume fraction plays an important role in phase segregated soft matters. We demonstrate here that at high fullerene volume fraction in soft chain-tethered-fullerene dyads, different two-dimensional (2D) crystal-constructed smectic-like lamella liquid crystalline (LC) phases can be formed with triple-layer (ST phase) or quadruple-layer (SQ phase) stacking of fullerenes in 2D crystals. The combination of 2D crystal and LC properties in one system affords these fullerene dyads controlled electron mobility in the range of 10-5 -10-3 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature (ST phase), by regulating the insulated soft layer thickness between 2D crystals via the manipulation of fullerene volume fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Huanjun Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Zebin Su
- Department of Polymer Science, College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Bo Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Christopher Y Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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Hu Y, Wu KY, Zhu T, Shen P, Zhou Y, Li X, Wang CL, Tu Y, Li CY. Unique Supramolecular Liquid-Crystal Phases with Different Two-Dimensional Crystal Layers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13454-13458. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; 1001 Ta Hsueh Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Peng Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; 1001 Ta Hsueh Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Drexel University; Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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Hu Y, Wu KY, Zhu T, Shen P, Zhou Y, Li X, Wang CL, Tu Y, Li CY. Unique Supramolecular Liquid-Crystal Phases with Different Two-Dimensional Crystal Layers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Kuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; 1001 Ta Hsueh Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Tiantian Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Peng Shen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yi Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Chien-Lung Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry; National Chiao Tung University; 1001 Ta Hsueh Road Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Drexel University; Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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