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Harel O, Jbara M. Chemical Synthesis of Bioactive Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217716. [PMID: 36661212 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Nature has developed a plethora of protein machinery to operate and maintain nearly every task of cellular life. These processes are tightly regulated via post-expression modifications-transformations that modulate intracellular protein synthesis, folding, and activation. Methods to prepare homogeneously and precisely modified proteins are essential to probe their function and design new bioactive modalities. Synthetic chemistry has contributed remarkably to protein science by allowing the preparation of novel biomacromolecules that are often challenging or impractical to prepare via common biological means. The ability to chemically build and precisely modify proteins has enabled the production of new molecules with novel physicochemical properties and programmed activity for biomedical research, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications. This minireview summarizes recent developments in chemical protein synthesis to produce bioactive proteins, with emphasis on novel analogs with promising in vitro and in vivo activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer Harel
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Muhammad Jbara
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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2
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Yamaguchi S, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto R, Takamori S, Ishiwatari A, Minamihata K, Nagamune T, Okamoto A. Intracellular Protein Photoactivation Using Sterically Bulky Caging. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200476. [PMID: 36173993 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Methods for intracellular protein photoactivation have been studied to elucidate the spatial and temporal roles of proteins of interest. In this study, an intracellular protein photoactivation method was developed using sterically bulky caging. The protein of interest was modified with biotin via a photocleavable linker, and then conjugated with streptavidin to sterically block the protein surface for inactivation. The caged protein was transduced into cells and reactivated by light-induced degradation of the conjugates. A cytotoxic protein, saporin, was caged and photoactivated both in vitro and in living cells with this method. This method achieved control of the cytotoxic activity in an off-on manner, introducing cell death selectively at the designed location using light. This simple and versatile photoactivation method is a promising tool for studying spatio-temporal cellular events that are related to intracellular proteins of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuho Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takamori
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Ishiwatari
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-8656, Tokyo, Japan
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Nakatsu K, Okamoto A, Hayashi G, Murakami H. Repetitive Thiazolidine Deprotection Using a Thioester‐Compatible Aldehyde Scavenger for One‐Pot Multiple Peptide Ligation**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206240. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Nakatsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo 4-6-1 Komaba Meguro-ku Tokyo 153-8904 Japan
| | - Gosuke Hayashi
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
- Institute of Nano-Life-Systems Institutes of Innovation for Future Society Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya 464-8603 Japan
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Hayashi G, Nakatsu K, Okamoto A, Murakami H. Repetitive Thiazolidine Deprotection Using a Thioester‐Compatible Aldehyde Scavenger for One‐Pot Multiple Peptide Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gosuke Hayashi
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering School of Engineering: Nagoya Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Biomolecular Engineering Furo-choChikusa-ku 464-8603 Nagoya JAPAN
| | - Koki Nakatsu
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering School of Engineering: Nagoya Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Biomolecular Engineering JAPAN
| | - Akimitsu Okamoto
- The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Engineering Faculty of Engineering: Tokyo Daigaku Daigakuin Kogakukei Kenkyuka Kogakubu Chemistry and Biotechnology JAPAN
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Nagoya University Graduate School of Engineering School of Engineering: Nagoya Daigaku Kogakubu Daigakuin Kogaku Kenkyuka Biomolecular Engineering JAPAN
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5
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Zhao Z, Metanis N. Copper‐Mediated Selenazolidine Deprotection Enables One‐Pot Chemical Synthesis of Challenging Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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6
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Zhao Z, Metanis N. Copper-Mediated Selenazolidine Deprotection Enables One-Pot Chemical Synthesis of Challenging Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14610-14614. [PMID: 31408267 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While chemical protein synthesis has granted access to challenging proteins, the synthesis of longer proteins is often limited by low abundance or non-strategic placement of cysteine residues, which are essential for native chemical ligations, as well as multiple purification and isolation steps. We describe the one-pot total synthesis of human thiosulfate:glutathione sulfurtransferase (TSTD1). WT-TSTD1 was synthesized in a C-to-N synthetic approach involving multiple NCL reactions, CuII -mediated deprotection of selenazolidine (Sez), and chemoselective deselenization. The seleno-analog Se-TSTD1, in which the active site Cys is replaced with selenocysteine, was also synthesized with a kinetically controlled ligation with an N-to-C synthetic approach. The catalytic activity of the two proteins indicated that Se-TSTD1 possessed only four-fold lower activity than WT-TSTD1, thus suggesting that selenoproteins can have physiologically comparable sulfutransferase activity to their cysteine counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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Zhang B, Deng Q, Zuo C, Yan B, Zuo C, Cao XX, Zhu TF, Zheng JS, Liu L. Ligation of Soluble but Unreactive Peptide Segments in the Chemical Synthesis of Haemophilus Influenzae DNA Ligase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12231-12237. [PMID: 31250514 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
During the total chemical synthesis of the water-soluble globular Haemophilus Influenzae DNA ligase (Hin-Lig), we observed the surprising phenomenon of a soluble peptide segment that failed to undergo native chemical ligation. Based on dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy experiments, we determined that the peptide formed soluble colloidal particles in a homogeneous solution containing 6 m guanidine hydrochloride. Conventional peptide performance-improving strategies, such as installation of a terminal/side-chain Arg tag or O-acyl isopeptide, failed to enable the reaction, presumably because of their inability to disrupt the formation of soluble colloidal particles. However, a removable backbone modification strategy recently developed for the synthesis of membrane proteins did disrupt the formation of the colloids, and the desired ligation of this soluble but unreactive system was eventually accomplished. This work demonstrates that an appropriate solution dispersion state, in addition to good peptide solubility, is a prerequisite for successful peptide ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baochang Zhang
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chong Zuo
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Bingjia Yan
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chao Zuo
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Cao
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, and High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Ting F Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, and High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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8
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Zhang B, Deng Q, Zuo C, Yan B, Zuo C, Cao X, Zhu TF, Zheng J, Liu L. Ligation of Soluble but Unreactive Peptide Segments in the Chemical Synthesis of
Haemophilus Influenzae
DNA Ligase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Baochang Zhang
- Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Qiang Deng
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chong Zuo
- Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Bingjia Yan
- Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Chao Zuo
- Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Xiu‐Xiu Cao
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China, and High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230026 China
| | - Ting F. Zhu
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ji‐Shen Zheng
- School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China, and High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230026 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua–Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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