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Wang TY, Ji H, Everton D, Le ATH, Krylova SM, Fournier R, Krylov SN. Fundamental Determinants of the Accuracy of Equilibrium Constants for Affinity Complexes. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15826-15832. [PMID: 37831482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is arguably the key thermodynamic parameter in chemistry; we naturally expect that equilibrium constants are determined accurately. The majority of equilibrium constants determined today are those of binding reactions that form affinity complexes, such as protein-protein, protein-DNA, and protein-small molecule. There is growing awareness that the determination of equilibrium constants for highly stable affinity complexes may be very inaccurate. However, fundamental (i.e., method-independent) determinants of accuracy are poorly understood. Here, we present a study that explicitly shows what the accuracy of equilibrium constants of affinity complexes depends on. This study reveals the critical importance of the choice of concentration of interacting components and creates a theoretical foundation for improving the accuracy of the equilibrium constants. The predicted influence of concentrations on accuracy was confirmed experimentally. The results of this fundamental study provide instructive guidance for experimentalists independently on the method they use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Ye Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Hongchen Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Daniel Everton
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - An T H Le
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Svetlana M Krylova
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - René Fournier
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Sergey N Krylov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada
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