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Chen M, Li Y, Liu H, Zhang D, Guo Y, Shi QS, Xie X. Lignin hydrogenolysis: Tuning the reaction by lignin chemistry. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135169. [PMID: 39218172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Replacing fossil resource with biomass is one of the promising approaches to reduce our carbon footprint. Lignin is one of the three major components of lignocellulosic biomass, accounting for 10-35 wt% of dried weight of the biomass. Hydrogenolytic depolymerization of lignin is attracting increasing attention because of its capacity of utilizing lignin in its uncondensed form and compatibility with the biomass fractionation processes. Lignin is a natural aromatic polymer composed of a variety of monolignols associated with a series of lignin linkage motifs. Hydrogenolysis cleaves various ether bonds in lignin and releases phenolic monomers which can be further upgraded into valuable products, i.e., drugs, terephthalic acid, phenol. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art advances of the reagent (lignin), products (hydrol lignin), mass balance, and mechanism of the lignin hydrogenolysis reaction. The chemical structure of lignin is reviewed associated with the free radical coupling of monolignols and the chemical reactions of lignin upon isolation processes. The reactions of lignin linkages upon hydrogenolysis are discussed. The components of hydrol lignin and the selectivity production of phenolic monomers are reviewed. Future challenges on hydrogenolysis of lignin are proposed. This article provides an overview of lignin hydrogenolysis reaction which shows light on the generation of optimized lignin ready for hydrogenolytic depolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China; Guangdong Dimei New Materials Technology Co. Ltd., 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China; Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Huiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Yanzhu Guo
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China.
| | - Qing-Shan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, 100 Central Xianlie Road, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
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De Smet G, Bai X, Mensch C, Sergeyev S, Evano G, Maes BUW. Selective Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydrodeacetoxylation of Aryl Acetates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201751. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles De Smet
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Xingfeng Bai
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Carl Mensch
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Sergey Sergeyev
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
| | - Gwilherm Evano
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Service de Chimie et PhysicoChimie Organiques Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Avenue F. D. Roosevelt 50, CP160/06 1050 Brussels Belgium
| | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division Department of Chemistry University of Antwerp Groenenborgerlaan 171 2020 Antwerp Belgium
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Wohlgemuth R. Selective Biocatalytic Defunctionalization of Raw Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200402. [PMID: 35388636 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biobased raw materials, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, or lipids contain valuable functional groups with oxygen and nitrogen atoms. An abundance of many functional groups of the same type, such as primary or secondary hydroxy groups in carbohydrates, however, limits the synthetic usefulness if similar reactivities cannot be differentiated. Therefore, selective defunctionalization of highly functionalized biobased starting materials to differentially functionalized compounds can provide a sustainable access to chiral synthons, even in case of products with fewer functional groups. Selective defunctionalization reactions, without affecting other functional groups of the same type, are of fundamental interest for biocatalytic reactions. Controlled biocatalytic defunctionalizations of biobased raw materials are attractive for obtaining valuable platform chemicals and building blocks. The biocatalytic removal of functional groups, an important feature of natural metabolic pathways, can also be utilized in a systemic strategy for sustainable metabolite synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology Łódź, 90-537, Lodz, Poland
- Swiss Coordination Committee Biotechnology (SKB), 8002, Zurich, Switzerland
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Selective Nickel‐Catalyzed Hydrodeacetoxylation of Aryl Acetates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Wu X, Liao Y, Bomon J, Tian G, Bai ST, Van Aelst K, Zhang Q, Vermandel W, Wambacq B, Maes BUW, Yu J, Sels BF. Lignin-First Monomers to Catechol: Rational Cleavage of C-O and C-C Bonds over Zeolites. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102248. [PMID: 34927813 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic route is developed to synthesize bio-renewable catechol from softwood-derived lignin-first monomers. This process concept consists of two steps: 1) O-demethylation of 4-n-propylguaiacol (4-PG) over acidic beta zeolites in hot pressurized liquid water delivering 4-n-propylcatechol (4-PC); 2) gas-phase C-dealkylation of 4-PC providing catechol and propylene over acidic ZSM-5 zeolites in the presence of water. With large pore sized beta-19 zeolite as catalyst, 4-PC is formed with more than 93 % selectivity at nearly full conversion of 4-PG. The acid-catalyzed C-dealkylation over ZSM-5 zeolite with medium pore size gives a catechol yield of 75 %. Overall, around 70 % catechol yield is obtained from pure 4-PG, or 56 % when starting from crude 4-PG monomers obtained from softwood by lignin-first RCF biorefinery. The selective cleavage of functional groups from biobased platform molecules through a green and sustainable process highlights the potential to shift feedstock from fossil oil to biomass, providing drop ins for the chemicals industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Yuhe Liao
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jeroen Bomon
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Guilong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Shao-Tao Bai
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Korneel Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Walter Vermandel
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Ben Wambacq
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bert F Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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He M, Sun Y, Han B. Green Carbon Science: Efficient Carbon Resource Processing, Utilization, and Recycling towards Carbon Neutrality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Research Institute of Petrochem Processing, SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Low Carbon Energy Conversion Center Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201203 China
- Shanghai Low Carbon Technology Innovation Platform Shanghai 210620 China
| | - Buxing Han
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Chemical Processes Department of Chemistry East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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He M, Sun Y, Han B. Green Carbon Science: Efficient Carbon Resource Processing, Utilization, and Recycling Towards Carbon Neutrality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112835. [PMID: 34919305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Green carbon science is defined as "Study and optimization of the transformation of carbon containing compounds and the relevant processes involved in the entire carbon cycle from carbon resource processing, carbon energy utilization, and carbon recycling to use carbon resources efficiently and minimize the net CO2 emission." [1] Green carbon science is related closely to carbon neutrality, and the relevant fields have developed quickly in the last decade. In this Minireview, we proposed the concept of carbon energy index, and the recent progresses in petroleum refining, production of liquid fuels, chemicals, and materials using coal, methane, CO2, biomass, and waste plastics are highlighted in combination with green carbon science, and an outlook for these important fields is provided in the final section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan He
- East China Normal University, Department of Chemistry, 200062, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Yuhan Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, 201203, Shanghai, CHINA
| | - Buxing Han
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Beiyijie number 2, Zhongguancun, 100190, Beijing, CHINA
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Liu X, Bouxin FP, Fan J, Budarin VL, Hu C, Clark JH. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin towards Phenolic Chemicals: A Review. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:4296-4317. [PMID: 32662564 PMCID: PMC7540457 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The efficient valorization of lignin could dictate the success of the 2nd generation biorefinery. Lignin, accounting for on average a third of the lignocellulosic biomass, is the most promising candidate for sustainable production of value-added phenolics. However, the structural alteration induced during lignin isolation is often depleting its potential for value-added chemicals. Recently, catalytic reductive depolymerization of lignin has appeared to be a promising and effective method for its valorization to obtain phenolic monomers. The present study systematically summarizes the far-reaching and state-of-the-art lignin valorization strategies during different stages, including conventional catalytic depolymerization of technical lignin, emerging reductive catalytic fractionation of protolignin, stabilization strategies to inhibit the undesired condensation reactions, and further catalytic upgrading of lignin-derived monomers. Finally, the potential challenges for the future researches on the efficient valorization of lignin and possible solutions are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Florent P. Bouxin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Jiajun Fan
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Vitaliy L. Budarin
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
| | - Changwei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and TechnologyMinistry of EducationDepartment of ChemistrySichuan UniversityWangjiang RoadChengdu610064P.R. China
| | - James H. Clark
- Green Chemistry Center of ExcellenceDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYorkYO10 5DDUK
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