1
|
Matsuo Y, Kise K, Morimoto Y, Osuka A, Tanaka T. Fold-in Synthesis of a Pentabenzopentaaza[10]circulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116789. [PMID: 34995398 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A pentabenzopentaaza[10]circulene has been synthesized as the largest fully conjugated hetero[n]circulene via a fold-in oxidative fusion reaction of an ortho-phenylene-bridged cyclic pyrrole pentamer. This circulene takes a saddle-distorted structure with bond lengths of the central ten-membered-ring in the range of 1.455-1.493 Å. Relatively broad absorption and fluorescence spectra were observed, which reflects its flexible structure, in accordance with the low-temperature NMR spectra and theoretical calculations. The energy barrier for saddle-to-saddle interconversion was estimated to be quite small (≈3 kcal mol-1 ).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Koki Kise
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuki Morimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Matsuo Y, Kise K, Morimoto Y, Osuka A, Tanaka T. Fold‐in Synthesis of a Pentabenzopentaaza[10]circulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koki Kise
- Kyoto University: Kyoto Daigaku Chemistry JAPAN
| | | | | | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Chemistry Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho 606-8502 Kyoto JAPAN
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maeda C, Nomoto S, Akiyama K, Tanaka T, Ema T. Facile Synthesis of Azahelicenes and Diaza[8]circulenes through the Intramolecular Scholl Reaction. Chemistry 2021; 27:15699-15705. [PMID: 34449114 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole-based aza[7]helicenes and hetero[9]helicenes were successfully obtained via the intramolecular Scholl reaction of 3,6-bis(biphenyl-2-yl)carbazole congeners, while the reaction of 3,6-bis(naphthylphenyl)-appended carbazole gave a triple helicene via an unexpected simultaneous double aryl rearrangement. DFT calculations suggested that the rearrangement proceeded via an arenium cation intermediate. In addition, the reaction of methoxy-appended substrate gave an azahepta[8]circulene via the concurrent C-C bond formation. These helical dyes showed circularly polarized luminescence. The azahepta[8]circulene was further transformed into deeply saddle-distorted dibenzodiaza[8]circulenes as the first example of its solution-based synthesis and unambiguous structural determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Maeda
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shuichi Nomoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Koki Akiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ema
- Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University Tsushima, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mauksch M, Tsogoeva SB. Disclosure of Ground-State Zimmerman-Möbius Aromaticity in the Radical Anion of [6]Helicene and Evidence for 4π Periodic Aromatic Ring Currents in a Molecular "Metallic" Möbius Strip. Chemistry 2021; 27:14660-14671. [PMID: 34375466 PMCID: PMC8596793 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In 1966, Zimmerman proposed a type of Möbius aromaticity that involves through-space electron delocalization; it has since been widely applied to explain reactivity in pericyclic reactions, but is considered to be limited to transition-state structures. Although the easily accessible hexahelicene radical anion has been known for more than half a century, it was overlooked that it exhibits a ground-state minimum and robust Zimmerman-Möbius aromaticity in its central noose-like opening, becoming, hence, the oldest existing Möbius aromatic system and with smallest Möbius cycle known. Despite its overall aromatic stabilization energy of 13.6 kcal mol-1 (at B3LYP/6-311+G**), the radical also features a strong, globally induced paramagnetic ring current along its outer edge. Exclusive global paramagnetic currents can also be found in other fully delocalized radical anions of 4N+2 π-electron aromatic polycyclic benzenoid hydrocarbons (PAH), thus questioning the established magnetic criterion of antiaromaticity. As an example of a PAH with nontrivial topology, we studied a novel Möbius[16]cyclacene that has a non-orientable surface manifold and a stable closed-shell singlet ground state at several density functional theory levels. Its metallic monoanion radical (0.0095 eV band gap at HSE06/6-31G* level) is also wave-function stable and displays an unusual 4π-periodic, magnetically induced ring current (reminiscent of the transformation behaviour of spinors under spatial rotation), thus indicating the existence of a new, Hückel-rule-evading type of aromaticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mauksch
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Computer Chemistry Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nägelsbachstrasse 25a, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Svetlana B Tsogoeva
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair I and, Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebinger Str. 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Medel MA, Cruz CM, Miguel D, Blanco V, Morcillo SP, Campaña AG. Chiral Distorted Hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes Bearing a Nonagon-Embedded Carbohelicene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:22051-22056. [PMID: 34329498 PMCID: PMC8518755 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A new family of chiral saddle-helix hybrid nanographenes is reported. The first hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HBC) analogues bearing a nine-membered carbocycle are presented. Furthermore, for the first time, π-extended carbo[n]helicenes containing a nine-membered ring as part of the helical moiety have been synthesized. The combination of a [5]helicene moiety and a nonagon ring in a single chiral motif induces a tremendous distortion from planarity into the nanographenic structures compared to other saddle-helix hybrids such as heptagon- and octagon-containing π-extended carbo[5]helicenes. In fact, the interplanar angle of the two terminal rings reaches the largest angle (134.8°) of a carbohelicene reported to date, thus being by far the most twisted helicene yet prepared. Photophysical properties evaluation showed improved absorption dissymmetry factors (|gabs |=4.2×10-3 ) in the new family of nonagon-containing π-extended carbo[5]helicenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Medel
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUnidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ)Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| | - Carlos M. Cruz
- Department of ChemistryFaculty of ScienceUniversity of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 1908057ZurichSwitzerland
| | - Delia Miguel
- Departamento de FisicoquímicaFacultad de Farmacia, UEQUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| | - Victor Blanco
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUnidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ)Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| | - Sara P. Morcillo
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUnidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ)Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Departamento de Química OrgánicaUnidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ)Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de Granada18071GranadaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Medel MA, Cruz CM, Miguel D, Blanco V, Morcillo SP, Campaña AG. Chiral Distorted Hexa‐
peri
‐hexabenzocoronenes Bearing a Nonagon‐Embedded Carbohelicene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Medel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ) Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Carlos M. Cruz
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Delia Miguel
- Departamento de Fisicoquímica Facultad de Farmacia, UEQ Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Victor Blanco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ) Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Sara P. Morcillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ) Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Departamento de Química Orgánica Unidad de Excelencia de Química (UEQ) Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Granada 18071 Granada Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pedersen SK, Eriksen K, Ågren H, Minaev BF, Karaush-Karmazin NN, Hammerich O, Baryshnikov GV, Pittelkow M. A Fully Conjugated Planar Heterocyclic [9]Circulene. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14058-14063. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan K. Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristina Eriksen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Hans Ågren
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Enginnering, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, P. R. China
| | - Boris F. Minaev
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Nataliya N. Karaush-Karmazin
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Ole Hammerich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Glib V. Baryshnikov
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Nanomaterials Science, Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University, 18031 Cherkasy, Ukraine
| | - Michael Pittelkow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Matsuo Y, Tanaka T, Osuka A. Highly Stable Radical Cations of N,N'-Diarylated Tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulene. Chemistry 2020; 26:8144-8152. [PMID: 32342540 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
N,N'-Diarylated tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulenes 3 a and 3 b were synthesized in good yields by a reaction sequence involving oxidation of tetrabenzodiazadithia[8]circulene 5-Oct and SN Ar reaction with aniline derivatives. The obtained aza[8]circulenes 3 a and 3 b were easily oxidized to give their radical cations 3 a+ and 3 b+ , which are highly stable under ambient conditions. X-ray diffraction analysis of radical cation 3 a+ showed a face-to-face dimer arrangement with an interplanar separation of 3.320 Å. The spin density of 3 a+ was calculated to be delocalized over the whole circulene π-systems with spin-spin exchange integral (J=-144 cm-1 ) in the dimeric part. These radical cations displayed far red-shifted absorption bands reaching to 2000 nm. Thus this study has proved the hetero[8]circulene scaffold to be a new entry of promising electronics and spin materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Matsuo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|