1
|
Lin Z, Yu Y, Liu R, Zi W. Design, Preparation, and Implementation of Axially Chiral Benzotetramisoles as Lewis Base Catalysts for Asymmetric Cycloadditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202401181. [PMID: 38725281 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Developing novel catalysts with potent activity is of great importance in organocatalysis. In this study, we designed and prepared a new class of benzotetramisole Lewis base catalysts (AxBTM) that have both central and axial chirality. This unique feature of these catalysts results in a three-dimensional microenvironment with multi-layers of chirality. The performance of the developed catalysts was tested in a series of cycloaddition reactions. These included the AxBTM-catalyzed (2+2) cycloaddition between α-fluoro-α-aryl anhydride with imines or oxindoles, and the sequential gold/AxBTM-catalyzed (4+2) cycloaddition of enynamides with pentafluorophenyl esters. The interplay between axial and central chirality had a collaborative effect in regulating the stereochemistry in these cycloadditions, leading to high levels of stereoselectivity that would otherwise be challenging to achieve using conventional BTM catalysts. However, the (2+2) and (4+2) cycloadditions have different predilections for axial and central chirality combinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zitong Lin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ying Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Rixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie JH, Hou YM, Feng Z, You SL. Stereodivergent Construction of 1,3-Chiral Centers via Tandem Asymmetric Conjugate Addition and Allylic Substitution Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202216396. [PMID: 36597878 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202216396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a synthesis of cyclohexanones bearing multi-continuous stereocenters by combining copper-catalyzed asymmetric conjugate addition of dialkylzinc reagents to cyclic enones with iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylic substitution reaction. Good to excellent yields, diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity can be obtained. Unlike the stereodivergent construction of adjacent stereocenters (1,2-position) reported in the literature, the current reaction can achieve the stereodivergent construction of nonadjacent stereocenters (1,3-position) by a proper combination of two chiral catalysts with different enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ming Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuolijun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, 200032, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhu M, Wang P, Zhang Q, Tang W, Zi W. Diastereodivergent Aldol-Type Coupling of Alkoxyallenes with Pentafluorophenyl Esters Enabled by Synergistic Palladium/Chiral Lewis Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207621. [PMID: 35713176 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
As a fundamental and synthetically useful C-C bond formation reaction, the aldol reaction is one of the most versatile transformations in organic synthesis. However, despite extensive research on asymmetric versions of the reaction, a unified method for stereoselective access to the complementary syn and anti diastereomeric products remains to be developed. In this study, we developed a synergistic palladium/chiral Lewis base system that overcomes the inherent diastereoselectivity bias of aldol reactions and, as a result, allowed us to achieve the first diastereodivergent coupling reactions of alkoxyallenes with pentafluorophenol esters. Computational studies suggest a mechanism involving an intermolecular protonative hydropalladation pathway rather than a palladium-hydride migratory insertion pathway. The origin of the stereochemistry for this synergistic catalysis system is rationalized by DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Peixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling Ling Rd, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen Y, Yan H, Liao Q, Zhang D, Lin S, Hao E, Murtaza R, Li C, Wu C, Duan C, Shi L. Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by Radical Allylation of Imines with Butadiene under Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204516. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Erjun Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| | - Rukhsana Murtaza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bitai J, Nimmo AJ, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Cooperative Palladium/Isothiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes and α,β-Unsaturated Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202621. [PMID: 35389553 PMCID: PMC9324207 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A protocol for the enantioselective synthesis of substituted vinylcyclopentanes has been realised using cooperative palladium and isothiourea catalysis. Treatment of vinylcyclopropanes with Pd(PPh3 )4 generates a zwitterionic π-allyl palladium intermediate that intercepts a catalytically generated α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium species prepared from the corresponding α,β-unsaturated para-nitrophenyl ester and the isothiourea (R)-BTM. Intermolecular formal (3+2) cycloaddition between these reactive intermediates generates functionalised cyclopentanes in generally good yields and excellent diastereo- and enantiocontrol (up to >95 : 5 dr, 97 : 3 er), with the use of LiCl as an additive proving essential for optimal stereocontrol. To the best of our knowledge a dual transition metal/organocatalytic process involving α,β-unsaturated acyl ammonium intermediates has not been demonstrated previously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bitai
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alastair J Nimmo
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alexandra M Z Slawin
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lin HC, Knox GJ, Pearson CM, Yang C, Carta V, Snaddon TN. A Pd-H/Isothiourea Cooperative Catalysis Approach to anti-Aldol Motifs: Enantioselective α-Alkylation of Esters with Oxyallenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201753. [PMID: 35307949 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The biological and therapeutic significance of natural products is a powerful impetus for the development of efficient methods to facilitate their construction. Accordingly, and reflecting the prevalence of β-oxy-carbonyl motifs, a sophisticated arsenal of aldol-based strategies has evolved that is contingent on the generation of single enolate isomers. Since this has the potential to compromise efficiency in reagent-based paradigms, direct catalysis-based solutions would be enabling. To complement the array of substrate-based strategies, and regulate enolate geometry at the catalyst level, a direct catalytic alkylation of esters with oxyallenes has been developed. Synergizing metal hydride reactivity with Lewis base catalysis has resulted in a broad reaction scope with useful levels of stereocontrol (up to >99 % ee). Facile derivatization of these ambiphilic linchpins is demonstrated, providing access to high-value vicinal stereocenter-containing motifs, including 1,2-amino alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Current address: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Gary J Knox
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Colin M Pearson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Thomas N Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu M, Wang P, Zhang Q, Tang W, Zi W. Diastereodivergent Aldol‐Type Coupling of Alkoxyallenes with Pentafluorophenyl Esters Enabled by Synergistic Palladium/Chiral Lewis Base Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhu
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Peixin Wang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry CHINA
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- Nankai University College of Chemistry State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry 94 Weijin Road 300071 Tianjin CHINA
| | - Wenjun Tang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry State Key Laboratory of Bio-Organic and Natural Products Chemistry CHINA
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Chemistry Department of Nankai University 94 Weijin Rd. 300071 Tianjin CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen Y, Yan H, Liao Q, Zhang D, Lin S, Hao E, Murtaza R, Li C, Wu C, Duan C, Shi L. Synthesis of Homoallylic Amines by Radical Allylation of Imines with Butadiene under Photoredox Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Huaipu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Qian Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Shuangjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Erjun Hao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| | - Rukhsana Murtaza
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chao Wu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University 710054 Xi'an China
| | - Chunying Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology 116024 Dalian China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Normal University 453007 Xinxiang China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin H, Knox GJ, Pearson CM, Yang C, Carta V, Snaddon TN. A Pd−H/Isothiourea Cooperative Catalysis Approach to
anti
‐Aldol Motifs: Enantioselective α‐Alkylation of Esters with Oxyallenes**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hua‐Chen Lin
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
- Current address: School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 P. R. China
| | - Gary J. Knox
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Colin M. Pearson
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Thomas N. Snaddon
- Department of Chemistry Indiana University 800 East Kirkwood Avenue Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bitai J, Nimmo AJ, Slawin AMZ, Smith AD. Cooperative Palladium/Isothiourea Catalyzed Enantioselective Formal (3+2) Cycloaddition of Vinylcyclopropanes and a,b‐Unsaturated Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew David Smith
- University of St Andrews School of Chemistry North Haugh FIFE, KY10 3TH St. Andrews UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nielsen CDT, Linfoot JD, Williams AF, Spivey AC. Recent progress in asymmetric synergistic catalysis - the judicious combination of selected chiral aminocatalysts with achiral metal catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2764-2778. [PMID: 35298581 PMCID: PMC9082520 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00025c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In this review we survey recent synergistic applications of a chiral organocatalyst with an achiral metal to perform stereoselective transformations of synthetic utility (since 2016). The transformations are classified by the modes of reactivity deployed, focussing on organocatalytic activation of carbonyl substrates as chiral nucleophiles via the α-position (e.g., as enamines) and as chiral electrophiles via the β-position (e.g., as iminium ions) combined with complementary activation of their reaction partners by an achiral metal co-catalyst (e.g., Pd or Cu-based). Corresponding radical reactions are also presented in which photocatalysis mediated by achiral metal complexes replaces the metal co-catalyst. Certain privileged structures are revealed and opportunities to develop this exciting field are highlighted. A critical survey of recent synergistic applications of a chiral organocatalyst with an achiral metal to perform stereoselective transformations of synthetic utility.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian D-T Nielsen
- Imperial College London, White City Campus, Molecular Sciences Research Hub (MSRH), 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Joshua D Linfoot
- Imperial College London, White City Campus, Molecular Sciences Research Hub (MSRH), 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Alexander F Williams
- Imperial College London, White City Campus, Molecular Sciences Research Hub (MSRH), 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Alan C Spivey
- Imperial College London, White City Campus, Molecular Sciences Research Hub (MSRH), 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|