1
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Li P, Jia Y, Chen P. Design and Synthesis of New Type of Macrocyclic Architectures Used for Optoelectronic Materials and Supramolecular Chemistry. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300300. [PMID: 37439485 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry has received much attention for decades. Macrocyclic architectures as representative receptors play a vital role in supramolecular chemistry and are applied in many fields such as supramolecular assembly and host-guest recognition. However, the classical macrocycles generally lack functional groups in the scaffolds, which limit their further applications, especially in optoelectronic materials. Therefore, developing a new design principle is not only essential to better understand macrocyclic chemistry and the supramolecular behaviors, but also further expand their applications in many research fields. In recent years, the doping compounds with main-group heteroatoms (B, N, S, O, P) into the carbon-based π-conjugated macrocycles offered a new strategy to build macrocyclic architectures with unique optoelectronic properties. In particular, the energy gaps and redox behavior can be effectively tuned by incorporating heteroatoms into the macrocyclic scaffolds. In this Minireview, we briefly summarize the design and synthesis of new macrocycles, and further discuss the related applications in optoelectronic materials and supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, 467036, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Yawei Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, P. R. China
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2
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Bold K, Stolte M, Shoyama K, Krause A, Schmiedel A, Holzapfel M, Lambert C, Würthner F. Macrocyclic Donor‐Acceptor Dyads Composed of Oligothiophene Half‐Cycles and Perylene Bisimides. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200355. [PMID: 35302692 PMCID: PMC9323445 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of donor‐acceptor (D−A) macrocyclic dyads consisting of an electron‐poor perylene bisimide (PBI) π‐scaffold bridged with electron‐rich α‐oligothiophenes bearing four, five, six and seven thiophene units between the two phenyl‐imide substituents has been synthesized and characterized by steady‐state UV/Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, cyclic and differential pulse voltammetry as well as transient absorption spectroscopy. Tying the oligothiophene strands in a conformationally fixed macrocyclic arrangement leads to a more rigid π‐scaffold with vibronic fine structure in the respective absorption spectra. Electrochemical analysis disclosed charged state properties in solution which are strongly dependent on the degree of rigidification within the individual macrocycle. Investigation of the excited state dynamics revealed an oligothiophene bridge size‐dependent fast charge transfer process for the macrocyclic dyads upon PBI subunit excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bold
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Matthias Stolte
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Kazutaka Shoyama
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Ana‐Maria Krause
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry (CNC) Universität Würzburg Theodor-Boveri-Weg 97074 Würzburg Germany
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3
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang H, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117504. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Renjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
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4
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Renjie Wang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Zitong Liu
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Lanzhou University State key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 222 Tianshui Southern Road 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
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5
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Zhan L, Dai C, Zhang G, Zhu J, Zhang S, Wang H, Zeng Y, Tung C, Wu L, Cong H. A Conjugated Figure‐of‐Eight Oligoparaphenylene Nanohoop with Adaptive Cavities Derived from Cyclooctatetrathiophene Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chenshu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Hua Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Henan University Kaifeng 475004 China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
| | - Huan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
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6
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Zhan L, Dai C, Zhang G, Zhu J, Zhang S, Wang H, Zeng Y, Tung CH, Wu LZ, Cong H. A Conjugated Figure-of-Eight Oligoparaphenylene Nanohoop with Adaptive Cavities Derived from Cyclooctatetrathiophene Core. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202113334. [PMID: 34817926 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A fully conjugated figure-of-eight nanohoop is presented with facile synthesis. The molecule's lemniscular skeleton features the combination of two strained oligoparaphenylene loops and a flexible cyclooctatetrathiophene core. Its rigid yet guest-adaptive cavities enable the formation of the peanut-like 1:2 host-guest complexes with C60 or C70 , which have been confirmed by X-ray crystallography and characterized in solution. Further computational studies suggest notable geometric variations and non-covalent interactions of the cavities upon binding with different fullerenes, as well as overall conjugation comparable to cycloparaphenylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chenshu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shaoguang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Huan Cong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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7
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Zhang L, Zhang G, Qu H, Todarwal Y, Wang Y, Norman P, Linares M, Surin M, Zhang H, Lin J, Jiang Y. Naphthodithiophene Diimide Based Chiral π‐Conjugated Nanopillar Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Guilan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Hang Qu
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yogesh Todarwal
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology 10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Scientific Visualization Group, ITN Campus Norrköping Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC) Linköping University 58183 Linköping Sweden
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP) University of Mons—UMONS 20 Place du Parc 7000 Mons Belgium
| | - Hui‐Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yun‐Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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8
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Zhang L, Zhang G, Qu H, Todarwal Y, Wang Y, Norman P, Linares M, Surin M, Zhang HJ, Lin J, Jiang YB. Naphthodithiophene Diimide Based Chiral π-Conjugated Nanopillar Molecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24543-24548. [PMID: 34291529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, structures, and properties of [4]cyclonaphthodithiophene diimides ([4]C-NDTIs) are described. NDTIs as important n-type building blocks were catenated in the α-positions of thiophene rings via an unusual electrochemical-oxidation-promoted macrocyclization route. The thiophene-thiophene junction in [4]C-NDTIs results in an ideal pillar shape. This interesting topology, along with appealing electronic and optical properties inherited from the NDTI units, endows the [4]C-NDTIs with both near-infrared (NIR) light absorptions, strong excitonic coupling, and tight encapsulation of C60 . Stable orientations of the NDTI units in the nanopillars lead to stable inherent chirality, which enables detailed circular dichroism studies on the impact of isomeric structures on π-conjugation. Remarkably, the [4]C-NDTIs maintain the strong π-π stacking abilities of NDTI units and thus adopt two-dimensional (2D) lattice arrays at the molecular level. These nanopillar molecules have great potential to mimic natural photosynthetic systems for the development of multifunctional organic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Guilan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hang Qu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yogesh Todarwal
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Patrick Norman
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Linares
- Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Scientific Visualization Group, ITN, Campus Norrköping, Swedish e-Science Research Centre (SeRC), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Mathieu Surin
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, Centre of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons-UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Hui-Jun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianbin Lin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yun-Bao Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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Mirzaei S, Castro E, Hernández Sánchez R. Conjugated Molecular Nanotubes. Chemistry 2021; 27:8642-8655. [PMID: 33780560 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Molecular compounds with permanent tubular architectures displaying radial π-conjugation are exceedingly rare. Their radial and axial delocalization presents them with unique optical and electronic properties, such as remarkable tuning of their Stokes shifts, and redox switching between global and local aromaticity. Although these tubular compounds display large internal void spaces, these attributes have not been extensively explored, thus presenting future opportunities in the development of materials. By using cutting-edge synthetic methodologies to bend aromatic surfaces, large opportunities in synthesis, property discovery, and applications are expected in new members of this family of conjugated molecular nanotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Edison Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Raúl Hernández Sánchez
- Department of Chemistry, Dietrich School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Wang J, Ju YY, Low KH, Tan YZ, Liu J. A Molecular Transformer: A π-Conjugated Macrocycle as an Adaptable Host. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11814-11818. [PMID: 33751785 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a facile method to synthesize a series of macrocycles with different conformations. The planar macrocycle dimer (1), twisted macrocycle trimer (2) and "figure-eight" tetramer (3) are clearly elucidated by X-ray single-crystal analysis, in which the electron-rich phenanthrene units offer the possibility of supramolecular assembly. As expected, in the solid state, 1 and 3 assemble into a columnar stack and an interlocking dimer, respectively, via π-π interactions between the phenanthrene units. Compared to the rigid conformation of dimer 1, the structure of tetramer 3 is more flexible due to its enlarged ring size. 3 can deform from a figure-eight into a boat-shaped geometry to host a planar electron-deficient guest using its electron-rich phenanthrene units. When assembled with spherical electron-deficient C60 , interestingly, 3 further undergoes a conformational transformation from a figure-eight to a belt shape in order to host C60 . These supramolecular assembly behaviors of 3 demonstrate that it is an adaptable macrocyclic host for both planar molecules and fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junting Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang-Yang Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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11
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Wang J, Ju Y, Low K, Tan Y, Liu J. A Molecular Transformer: A π‐Conjugated Macrocycle as an Adaptable Host. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junting Wang
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Yang‐Yang Ju
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Kam‐Hung Low
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
| | - Yuan‐Zhi Tan
- State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
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12
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Hermann M, Wassy D, Esser B. Conjugated Nanohoops Incorporating Donor, Acceptor, Hetero- or Polycyclic Aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15743-15766. [PMID: 32902109 PMCID: PMC9542246 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the last 13 years several synthetic strategies were developed that provide access to [n]cycloparaphenylenes ([n]CPPs) and related conjugated nanohoops. A number of potential applications emerged, including optoelectronic devices, and their use as templates for carbon nanomaterials and in supramolecular chemistry. To tune the structural or optoelectronic properties of carbon nanohoops beyond the size‐dependent effect known for [n]CPPs, a variety of aromatic rings other than benzene were introduced. In this Review, we provide an overview of the syntheses, properties, and applications of conjugated nanohoops beyond [n]CPPs with intrinsic donor/acceptor structure or such that contain acceptor, donor, heteroaromatic or polycyclic aromatic units within the hoop as well as conjugated nanobelts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Wassy
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Materials Research Center, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Str. 21, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110, Freiburg, Germany
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13
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Hermann M, Wassy D, Esser B. Conjugated Nanohoops Incorporating Donor, Acceptor, Hetero‐ or Polycyclic Aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry University of Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Daniel Wassy
- Institute for Organic Chemistry University of Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
| | - Birgit Esser
- Institute for Organic Chemistry University of Freiburg Albertstr. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Materials Research Center University of Freiburg Stefan-Meier-Str. 21 79104 Freiburg Germany
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies University of Freiburg Georges-Köhler-Allee 105 79110 Freiburg Germany
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14
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Li K, Xu Z, Deng H, Zhou Z, Dang Y, Sun Z. Dimeric Cycloparaphenylenes with a Rigid Aromatic Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Han Deng
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhennan Zhou
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
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15
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Li K, Xu Z, Deng H, Zhou Z, Dang Y, Sun Z. Dimeric Cycloparaphenylenes with a Rigid Aromatic Linker. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7649-7653. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhanqiang Xu
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Han Deng
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhennan Zhou
- Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking University Beijing 100871 China
| | - Yanfeng Dang
- Department of Chemistry and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Institute of Molecular Plus Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences Tianjin University 92 Weijin Road Tianjin 300072 China
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