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Zhang D, Liu L, Jin S, Tota E, Li Z, Piao X, Zhang X, Fu XD, Devaraj NK. Site-Specific and Enzymatic Cross-Linking of sgRNA Enables Wavelength-Selectable Photoactivated Control of CRISPR Gene Editing. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4487-4495. [PMID: 35257575 PMCID: PMC9469474 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemical cross-linking enables rapid identification of RNA-protein and RNA-nucleic acid inter- and intramolecular interactions. However, no method exists to site-specifically and covalently cross-link two user-defined sites within an RNA. Here, we develop RNA-CLAMP, which enables site-specific and enzymatic cross-linking (clamping) of two selected guanine residues within an RNA. Intramolecular clamping can disrupt normal RNA function, whereas subsequent photocleavage of the cross-linker restores activity. We used RNA-CLAMP to clamp two stem loops within the single-guide RNA (sgRNA) of the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system via a photocleavable cross-linker, completely inhibiting gene editing. Visible light irradiation cleaved the cross-linker and restored gene editing with high spatiotemporal resolution. Design of two photocleavable linkers responsive to different wavelengths of light allowed multiplexed photoactivation of gene editing in mammalian cells. This photoactivated CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing platform benefits from undetectable background activity, provides a choice of activation wavelengths, and has multiplexing capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Luping Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Shuaijiang Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Ember Tota
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Zijie Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xijun Piao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Neal K Devaraj
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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