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Cheng Z, Benson S, Mendive-Tapia L, Nestoros E, Lochenie C, Seah D, Chang KY, Feng Y, Vendrell M. Enzyme-Activatable Near-Infrared Hemicyanines as Modular Scaffolds for in vivo Photodynamic Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404587. [PMID: 38717316 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is an anti-cancer treatment that requires illumination of photosensitizers to induce local cell death. Current near-infrared organic photosensitizers are built from large and non-modular structures that cannot be tuned to improve safety and minimize off-target toxicity. This work describes a novel chemical platform to generate enzyme-activatable near-infrared photosensitizers. We optimized the Se-bridged hemicyanine scaffold to include caging groups and biocompatible moieties, and generated cathepsin-triggered photosensitizers for effective ablation of human glioblastoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that enzyme-activatable Se-bridged hemicyanines are effective photosensitizers for the safe ablation of microtumors in vivo, creating new avenues in the chemical design of targeted anti-cancer photodynamic therapy agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Cheng
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sam Benson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorena Mendive-Tapia
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Eleni Nestoros
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Charles Lochenie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Deborah Seah
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kai Yee Chang
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yi Feng
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Marc Vendrell
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
- IRR Chemistry Hub, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, Edinburgh, UK
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Lin P, Jiang S, Liu T, Yuan X, Luo K, Xie C, Zhao X, Zhou L. Activatable fluorescent probes for early diagnosis and evaluation of liver injury. Analyst 2024; 149:638-664. [PMID: 38170876 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01631e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the increase in people's living standards, the number of patients suffering from liver injury keeps on increasing. Traditional diagnostic methods can no longer meet the needs of early and accurate diagnosis due to their limitations in application. However, fluorescent probes based on different fluorophores and nanomaterials have been gradually lighting up medical research due to their unique properties, such as high specificity and non-invasiveness. In addition, accurate identification of the different types of liver injury biomarkers can significantly improve the level of early diagnosis. Therefore, this review reviews the fluorescent probes used in the detection of biomarkers of liver injury over recent years and briefly summarizes the corresponding biomarkers of different types of liver injury. Impressively, this review also lists the structures and the response mechanisms of the different probes, and concludes with an outlook, suggesting directions in which improvements can be made. Finally, we hope that this review will contribute to the further development of fluorescent probes for the early diagnosis and assessment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Shali Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Kun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Can Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiongjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Huang L, Su W, Zhu L, Li J, Quan W, Yoon J, Lin W. A Biocompatible Probe for the Detection of Neutrophil Elastase Free from the Interference of Structural Changes and Its Application to Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging In Vivo. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217508. [PMID: 36578174 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil elastase (NE) plays a key role in chronic inflammation and acute responses to infection and injury. Effective disease interventions thus call for precise identification of NE to aid the clinical treatment of such diseases. However, the detection process suffers from the interference of structural changes of NE. Herein, we introduce a molecular probe with high biocompatibility to overcome the interference, which was achieved by combining theoretical calculations and experimental studies, that permits highly specific and sensitive detection of NE in cells and in vivo. The upregulated NE accumulation was specifically measured in inflammation by ratiometric photoacoustic and near-infrared fluorescence imaging, providing a new method for developing more specific fluorogenic probes for other enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Wanting Su
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Wei Quan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, He S, Xu C, Jiang Y, Miao Q, Pu K. An Activatable Polymeric Nanoprobe for Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor-Associated Neutrophils in Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203184. [PMID: 35385175 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Imaging to evaluate tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) is imperative for cancer immunotherapy but remains challenging. We herein report an activatable semiconducting polymer nanoprobe (SPCy) for near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and photoacoustic (PA) imaging of neutrophil elastase (NE), a biomarker of TANs. SPCy comprises a semiconducting polymer conjugated with a hemicyanine (hemi-Cy) dye caged by a NE-cleavable peptide as the side chain. After systemic administration, SPCy passively targets the tumor and reacts with NE to "uncage" the hemi-Cy, leading to enhanced NIRF and PA signals of the hemi-Cy but unchanged signals of the SP. Such NE-activated ratiometric NIRF and enhanced PA signals of SPCy correlate with the intratumoral population of TANs. Thus, this study not only presents the first TAN-specific PA probe, but also provides a general molecular design strategy for PA imaging of other immune-related biomarkers to facilitate screening of cancer immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637457, Singapore.,School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 636921, Singapore
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5
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Zhang Y, He S, Xu C, Jiang Y, Miao Q, Pu K. An Activatable Polymeric Nanoprobe for Fluorescence and Photoacoustic Imaging of Tumor‐Associated Neutrophils in Cancer Immunotherapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Nanomedicine College of Life Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology 1037 Luoyu Road Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medical Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Shasha He
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
| | - Yue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Soochow University Suzhou 215123 P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University 70 Nanyang Drive Singapore 637457 Singapore
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore 636921 Singapore
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