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Li QZ, Zeng R, Fan Y, Liu YQ, Qi T, Zhang X, Li JL. Remote C(sp 3 )-H Acylation of Amides and Cascade Cyclization via N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116629. [PMID: 35112461 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The direct functionalization of inert C(sp3 )-H bonds under environmentally benign catalytic conditions remains a challenging task in synthetic chemistry. Here, we report an organocatalytic remote C(sp3 )-H acylation of amides and cascade cyclization through a radical-mediated 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer mechanism using N-heterocyclic carbene as the catalyst. Notably, a diversity of nitrogen-containing substrates, including simple linear aliphatic carbamates and ortho-alkyl benzamides, can be successfully applied to this organocatalytic system. With the established protocol, over 120 examples of functionalized δ-amino ketones and isoquinolinones with diverse substituents were easily synthesized in up to 99 % yield under mild conditions. The robustness and generality of the organocatalytic strategy were further highlighted by the successful acylation of unactivated C(sp3 )-H bonds and late-stage modification of pharmaceutical molecules. Then, the asymmetric control of the radical reaction was attempted and proven feasible by using a newly designed chiral thiazolium catalyst, and moderate enantioselectivity was obtained at the current stage. Preliminary mechanistic investigations including several control reactions, KIE experiments, and computational studies shed light on the organocatalytic radical reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yang Fan
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Ting Qi
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.,College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Jun-Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
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Li Q, Zeng R, Fan Y, Liu Y, Qi T, Zhang X, Li J. Remote C(sp
3
)−H Acylation of Amides and Cascade Cyclization via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing‐Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Rong Zeng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Yang Fan
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Yan‐Qing Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Ting Qi
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
- College of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
| | - Jun‐Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy Chengdu University Chengdu 610106 China
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Zuo Z, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Cooperative NHC/Photoredox Catalyzed Ring‐Opening of Aryl Cyclopropanes to 1‐Aroyloxylated‐3‐Acylated Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zuo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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Zuo Z, Daniliuc CG, Studer A. Cooperative NHC/Photoredox Catalyzed Ring-Opening of Aryl Cyclopropanes to 1-Aroyloxylated-3-Acylated Alkanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25252-25257. [PMID: 34580972 PMCID: PMC9298441 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclopropanes are an important class of building blocks in organic synthesis. Herein, a ring‐opening/arylcarboxylation/acylation cascade reaction for the 1,3‐difunctionalization of aryl cyclopropanes enabled by cooperative NHC and organophotoredox catalysis is reported. The cascade works on monosubstituted cyclopropanes that are in contrast to the heavily investigated donor–acceptor cyclopropanes more challenging to be difunctionalized. The key step is a radical/radical cross coupling of a benzylic radical generated in the photoredox catalysis cycle with a ketyl radical from the NHC catalysis cycle. The transformation features metal‐free reaction conditions and tolerates a diverse range of functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zuo
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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