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Lewis JEM. Pseudo-heterolepticity in Low-Symmetry Metal-Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212392. [PMID: 36074024 PMCID: PMC9828238 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Heteroleptic metal-organic cages, formed through integrative self-assembly of ligand mixtures, are highly attractive as reduced symmetry supramolecular hosts. Ensuring high-fidelity, non-statistical self-assembly, however, presents a significant challenge in molecular engineering due to the inherent difficulty in predicting thermodynamic energy landscapes. In this work, two conceptual strategies are described that circumvent this issue, using ligand design strategies to access structurally sophisticated metal-organic hosts. Using these approaches, it was possible to realise cavity environments described by two inequivalent, unsymmetrical ligand frameworks, representing a significant step forward in the construction of highly anisotropic confined spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. M. Lewis
- School of ChemistryUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B15 2TTUK,Previous address: Department of ChemistryMolecular Sciences Research HubImperial College London82 Wood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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Lewis J. Pseudo‐heterolepticity in Low‐Symmetry Metal‐Organic Cages. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James Lewis
- University of Birmingham School of Chemistry Edgbaston B15 2TT Birmingham UNITED KINGDOM
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Yu H, Li J, Shan C, Lu T, Jiang X, Shi J, Wojtas L, Zhang H, Wang M. Conformational Control of a Metallo-Supramolecular Cage via the Dissymmetrical Modulation of Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26523-26527. [PMID: 34779543 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In nature as well as life systems, the presence of asymmetrical and dissymmetrical structures with specific functions is extremely common. However, the construction of metallo-supramolecular assemblies based on dissymmetrical ligands still remains a considerable challenge for avoiding the generation of unexpected isomers with similar thermodynamic stabilities, especially for three-dimensional supramolecular structures. In this study, a strategy for the conformational control of metallo-supramolecular cages via the enhancement of ligand dissymmetry was proposed. Four dissymmetrical ditopic ligands were designed and synthesized. By increasing the dissymmetry of length or angle, conformations of assemblies were precisely controlled to form discrete cis-Pdn L2n molecular cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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Yu H, Li J, Shan C, Lu T, Jiang X, Shi J, Wojtas L, Zhang H, Wang M. Conformational Control of a Metallo‐Supramolecular Cage via the Dissymmetrical Modulation of Ligands. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Tong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Junjuan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Houyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University, Changchun Jilin 130012 China
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