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Yang Z, Guan Y, Xu L, Zhou Y, Fan X, Jiao Y. Tetrapropylammonium Hydroxide Treatment of Aged Dry Gel to Make Hierarchical TS-1 Zeolites for Catalysis. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:1775-1785. [PMID: 36879771 PMCID: PMC9983304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the development and systematic study of a method to prepare hierarchical titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) zeolites with high tetra-coordinated framework Ti species content. The new method involves (i) the synthesis of the aged dry gel by treating the zeolite precursor at 90 °C for 24 h; and (ii) the synthesis of hierarchical TS-1 by treating the aged dry gel using tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) solution under hydrothermal conditions. Systematic studies were conducted to understand the effect of the synthesis conditions (including the TPAOH concentration, liquid-to-solid ratio, and treatment time) on the physiochemical properties of the resulting TS-1 zeolites, and the results showed that the condition of a TPAOH concentration of 0.1 M, liquid-to-solid ratio of 1.0, and treatment time of 9 h was ideal to enable the synthesis of hierarchical TS-1 with a Si/Ti ratio of 44. Importantly, the aged dry gel was beneficial to the quick crystallization of zeolite and assembly of nanosized TS-1 crystals with a hierarchical structure (S ext = 315 m2 g-1 and V meso = 0.70 cm3 g-1, respectively) and high framework Ti Species content, making the accessible active sites ready for promoting oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyuan Yang
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Yanan Guan
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology of China, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Yangtao Zhou
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
| | - Xiaolei Fan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, ManchesterM13 9PL, United
Kingdom
- Nottingham
Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 211 Xingguang Road, Ningbo315100, China
| | - Yilai Jiao
- Shenyang
National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 72 Wenhua Road, Shenyang110016, China
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Interventions to the Spontaneous Fabrication of Hierarchical ZSM-5 Zeolites by Fluorination-Alkaline Treatment. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The sequential fluorination-alkaline treatment protocol has been applied for the tailoring of siliceous ZSM-5 zeolite. The original spontaneous growth of mesoporosity in alkaline medium is altered due to the antecedent fluorination step. The outcome is demonstrated by the apparent delay in the mesoporosity growth, whose essential duration for the well-defined mesoporosity is therefore extended from 30 min to 60 min. A low fluorination level decelerates the mesoporosity growth, whereas a high fluorination level enables the achievement of the mesoporosity. These impacts are closely linked with the alteration to the states of Al sites as the function of fluorination level. Compared to the states of Al sites in the pristine and steamed zeolites, the electronic and steric consequences on the environment of Al species by fluorination is proposed for the interplay with the alkaline medium for the mesoporosity growth.
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