1
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Patra S, Nandasana BN, Valsamidou V, Katayev D. Mechanochemistry Drives Alkene Difunctionalization via Radical Ligand Transfer and Electron Catalysis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402970. [PMID: 38829256 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A general and modular protocol is reported for olefin difunctionalization through mechanochemistry, facilitated by cooperative radical ligand transfer (RLT) and electron catalysis. Utilizing mechanochemical force and catalytic amounts of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxyl (TEMPO), ferric nitrate can leverage nitryl radicals, transfer nitrooxy-functional group via RLT, and mediate an electron catalysis cycle under room temperature. A diverse range of activated and unactivated alkenes exhibited chemo- and regioselective 1,2-nitronitrooxylation under solvent-free or solvent-less conditions, showcasing excellent functional group tolerance. Mechanistic studies indicated a significant impact of mechanochemistry and highlighted the radical nature of this nitrative difunctionalization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Bhargav N Nandasana
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Vasiliki Valsamidou
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 3, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
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2
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Luo XL, Huang MS, Li SS, Jiang YS, Chen LN, Li SH, Xia PJ. Photocatalytic Multicomponent 1, n-Carboimination with Alkyl Iodides and O-Benzoyl Oxime through EnT and XAT Processes. Org Lett 2023; 25:6407-6412. [PMID: 37607051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed a strategy using commercially available alkyl iodides and O-benzoyl oxime to efficiently introduce alkyl and iminyl groups via energy transfer and halogen-atom transfer processes. We performed three-component 1,2-carboimination of olefins and four-component 1,4-carboimination across olefins and alkynes, resulting in the synthesis of over 60 nitrogen-containing molecules. Moreover, this transformation enables the synthesis of molecules with sensitive groups that were previously difficult to achieve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Luo
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Sha Huang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Shi Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ning Chen
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Ju Xia
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, P. R. China
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3
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Maity A, Studer A. 1,2-Aminoxyalkylation of alkenes with alkyl iodides and TEMPONa through SET- and XAT-processes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7675-7680. [PMID: 37476718 PMCID: PMC10355098 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02544f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
1,2-Aminoxyalkylation of alkenes with alkyl iodides and TEMPONa in combination with an aryldiazonium salt as an XAT mediator is reported. Various primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl iodides engage as C-radical precursors in the 1,2-aminoxyalkylation with electrophilic alkenes as radical acceptors. The product alkoxyamines are readily transformed to the corresponding alcohols or ketones upon reduction or oxidation, respectively. Mechanistic investigations reveal that aryl radicals, generated through SET-reduction of the aryl diazonium salt with TEMPONa, engage in XAT from unactivated alkyl halides to give alkyl radicals that can add to alkenes. Trapping of the adduct radicals with TEMPO provides the 1,2-aminoxyalkylation products. Transition metals are not required for these transformations that are conducted under mild conditions. Perfluoroalkyl halides directly react with TEMPONa and an aryldiazonium salt as XAT-mediator is not required for alkene 1,2-aminoxyperfluoroalkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Maity
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Munster Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Corrensstraße 40 48149 Munster Germany
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4
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Mistry S, Kumar R, Lister A, Gaunt MJ. C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) coupling of non-activated alkyl-iodides with electron-deficient alkenes via visible-light/silane-mediated alkyl-radical formation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:13241-13247. [PMID: 36425511 PMCID: PMC9667957 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc03516b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a remarkably mild and general initiation protocol for alkyl-radical generation from non-activated alkyl-iodides. An interaction between a silane and an alkyl iodide is excited by irradiation with visible light to trigger carbon-iodide bond homolysis and form the alkyl radical. We show how this method can be developed into an operationally simple and general Giese addition reaction that can tolerate a range of sensitive functionalities not normally explored in established approaches to this strategically important transformation. The new method requires no photocatalyst or other additives and uses only commerical tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and visible light to effectively combine a broad range of alkyl halides with activated alkenes to form C(sp3)-C(sp3) bonds embedded within complex frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanesh Mistry
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Roopender Kumar
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | | | - Matthew J Gaunt
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
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5
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Giri R, Mosiagin I, Franzoni I, Nötel NY, Patra S, Katayev D. Photoredox Activation of Anhydrides for the Solvent-Controlled Switchable Synthesis of gem-Difluoro Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202209143. [PMID: 35997088 PMCID: PMC9826529 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of the gem-difluoromethylene (CF2 ) group into organic frameworks is highly sought due to the influence of this unit on the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of molecules. Herein we report an operationally simple, mild, and switchable protocol to access various gem-difluoro compounds that employs chlorodifloroacetic anhydride (CDFAA) as a low-cost and versatile fluoroalkylating reagent. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed that electron-transfer photocatalysis triggers mesolytic cleavage of a C-Cl bond generating a gem-difluoroalkyl radical. In the presence of alkene, this radical species acts as a unique intermediate that, under solvent-controlled reaction conditions, delivers a wide range of gem-difluorinated γ-lactams, γ-lactones, and promotes oxy-perfluoroalkylation. These protocols are flow- and batch-scalable, possess excellent chemo- and regioselectivity, and can be used for the late-stage diversification of complex molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Giri
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Ivan Mosiagin
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Ivan Franzoni
- NuChem Sciences Inc.2350 Rue Cohen, Suite 201Saint-LaurentQuebecH4R 2N6Canada,Present address: Valence Discovery Inc.6666 Rue St-Urbain, Suite 200MontrealQuebecH2S 3H1Canada
| | - Nicolas Yannick Nötel
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesSwiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH ZürichVladimir-Prelog-Weg8093ZürichSwitzerland
| | - Subrata Patra
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
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6
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Giri R, Mosiagin I, Franzoni I, Nötel NY, Patra S, Katayev D. Photoredox Activation of Anhydrides for the Solvent‐Controlled Switchable Synthesis of gem‐Difluoro Compounds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202209143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Giri
- University of Fribourg: Universite de Fribourg Chemistry Department Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg SWITZERLAND
| | - Ivan Mosiagin
- University of Fribourg: Universite de Fribourg Chemistry Department Chemin du Musée9 1700 Fribourg SWITZERLAND
| | - Ivan Franzoni
- Valence Discovery Inc. Research Department 6666 Rue St-Urbain, Suite 200Montreal H2S 3H1 Quebec CANADA
| | - Nicolas Yannick Nötel
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zürich SWITZERLAND
| | - Subrata Patra
- University of Fribourg: Universite de Fribourg Chemistry Department Chemin du Musée9 1700 Fribourg SWITZERLAND
| | - Dmitry Katayev
- University of Fribourg: Universite de Fribourg Department of Chemistry Chemin du Musée 9 1700 Fribourg SWITZERLAND
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7
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Xie D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu Z, Niu D. Alkyl/Glycosyl Sulfoxides as Radical Precursors and Their Use in the Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204922. [PMID: 35641436 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
We report here the use of simple and readily available alkyl sulfoxides as precursors to radicals and their application in the preparation of pyridine derivatives. We show that alkyl sulfoxides, N-methoxy pyridinium salts and fluoride anions form electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complexes in solution, which, upon visible light irradiation, undergo a radical chain process to afford various pyridine derivatives smoothly. This reaction displays broad scope with respect to both sulfoxides and N-methoxy pyridiniums. The synthetic versatility of sulfoxides as a handle in chemistry adds to their power as radical precursors. Glycosyl sulfoxides are converted to the corresponding pyridyl C-glycosides with high stereoselectivities. Computational and experimental studies provide insights into the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xie
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, and School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 17 Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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8
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Xie D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Fu Z, Niu D. Alkyl/Glycosyl Sulfoxides as Radical Precursors and Their Use in the Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives**. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Demeng Xie
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Zhengyan Fu
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Dawen Niu
- Department of Emergency State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital and School of Chemical Engineering Sichuan University No. 17 Renmin Nan Road Chengdu 610041 China
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9
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Gant Kanegusuku AL, Roizen JL. Recent Advances in Photoredox-Mediated Radical Conjugate Addition Reactions: An Expanding Toolkit for the Giese Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21116-21149. [PMID: 33629454 PMCID: PMC8382814 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Photomediated Giese reactions are at the forefront of radical chemistry, much like the classical tin-mediated Giese reactions were nearly forty years ago. With the global recognition of organometallic photocatalysts for the mild and tunable generation of carbon-centered radicals, chemists have developed a torrent of strategies to form previously inaccessible radical intermediates that are capable of engaging in intermolecular conjugate addition reactions. This Review summarizes advances in photoredox-mediated Giese reactions since 2013, with a focus on the breadth of methods that provide access to crucial carbon-centered radical intermediates that can engage in radical conjugate addition processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L Roizen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, NC, 27708-0354, USA
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10
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Galliher MS, Roldan BJ, Stephenson CRJ. Evolution towards green radical generation in total synthesis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:10044-10057. [PMID: 34350919 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00411e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of radicals as intermediates in total synthesis has evolved since their initial use in the latter half of the twentieth century. Radical generation from metal hydride methodologies has shifted to "greener" techniques including catalytic metal-mediated systems, electrochemical and photoredox-mediated processes. This review will focus on these classical and contemporary methods for radical generation and their applications in recent total syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Galliher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Bec J Roldan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - Corey R J Stephenson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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11
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Luo Y, Tian T, Nishihara Y, Lv L, Li Z. Iron-catalysed radical cyclization to synthesize germanium-substituted indolo[2,1- a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-ones and indolin-2-ones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9276-9279. [PMID: 34519301 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03907e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient strategy for iron-catalysed cascade radical cyclization was developed, by which an array of germanium-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones and indolin-2-ones were obtained in one pot with germanium hydrides as radical precursors. A rapid intramolecular radical trapping mode enabled the selective arylgermylation of alkenes over the prevalent hydrogermylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China. .,Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasushi Nishihara
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Leiyang Lv
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Zhiping Li
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China.
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12
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13
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Gant Kanegusuku AL, Roizen JL. Recent Advances in Photoredox‐Mediated Radical Conjugate Addition Reactions: An Expanding Toolkit for the Giese Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer L. Roizen
- Department of Chemistry Duke University Box 90346 Durham NC 27708-0354 USA
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14
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El-Hage F, Schöll C, Pospech J. Photo-Mediated Decarboxylative Giese-Type Reaction Using Organic Pyrimidopteridine Photoredox Catalysts. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13853-13867. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Firas El-Hage
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Christopher Schöll
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jola Pospech
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Straße 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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15
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Crespi S, Fagnoni M. Generation of Alkyl Radicals: From the Tyranny of Tin to the Photon Democracy. Chem Rev 2020; 120:9790-9833. [PMID: 32786419 PMCID: PMC8009483 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl radicals are key intermediates in organic synthesis. Their classic generation from alkyl halides has a severe drawback due to the employment of toxic tin hydrides to the point that "flight from the tyranny of tin" in radical processes was considered for a long time an unavoidable issue. This review summarizes the main alternative approaches for the generation of unstabilized alkyl radicals, using photons as traceless promoters. The recent development in photochemical and photocatalyzed processes enabled the discovery of a plethora of new alkyl radical precursors, opening the world of radical chemistry to a broader community, thus allowing a new era of photon democracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Crespi
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, Center for Systems
Chemistry University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen
Lab, Department of Chemistry, V. Le Taramelli 10, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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16
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André‐Joyaux E, Kuzovlev A, Tappin NDC, Renaud P. A General Approach to Deboronative Radical Chain Reactions with Pinacol Alkylboronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emy André‐Joyaux
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Andrey Kuzovlev
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. C. Tappin
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Philippe Renaud
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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17
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André‐Joyaux E, Kuzovlev A, Tappin NDC, Renaud P. A General Approach to Deboronative Radical Chain Reactions with Pinacol Alkylboronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:13859-13864. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emy André‐Joyaux
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Andrey Kuzovlev
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Nicholas D. C. Tappin
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Philippe Renaud
- University of Bern Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
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18
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Sun M, Xu Z, Li W, Yang L, You H, Yu D, Fang F, Wang Y, Liu Z. Free‐Radical‐Promoted Alkenylation of C(
sp
3
)−H Bond in Chloroalkane with Cinnamic Acid and
β
‐Nitrostyrene. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minzhi Sun
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- Shandong Provincial Research Center for Bioinformatic Engineering and Technique, Zibo Key Laboratory of New Drug Development of Neurodegenerative diseases, School of Life SciencesShandong University of Technology Zibo 255000, Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Li
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Le Yang
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Huichao You
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Yu
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Fang
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Wang
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong‐Quan Liu
- College of PharmacyNanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 210023 People's Republic of China
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19
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Abstract
Radical reactions have found many applications in carbohydrate chemistry, especially in the construction of carbon–carbon bonds. The formation of carbon–heteroatom bonds has been less intensively studied. This mini-review will summarize the efforts to add heteroatom radicals to unsaturated carbohydrates like endo-glycals. Starting from early examples, developed more than 50 years ago, the importance of such reactions for carbohydrate chemistry and recent applications will be discussed. After a short introduction, the mini-review is divided in sub-chapters according to the heteroatoms halogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. The mechanisms of radical generation by chemical or photochemical processes and the subsequent reactions of the radicals at the 1-position will be discussed. This mini-review cannot cover all aspects of heteroatom-centered radicals in carbohydrate chemistry, but should provide an overview of the various strategies and future perspectives.
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20
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Paulisch TO, Strieth-Kalthoff F, Henkel C, Pitzer L, Guldi DM, Glorius F. Chain propagation determines the chemo- and regioselectivity of alkyl radical additions to C-O vs. C-C double bonds. Chem Sci 2020; 11:731-736. [PMID: 33209246 PMCID: PMC7640737 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04846d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations into the selectivity of intermolecular alkyl radical additions to C-O- vs. C-C-double bonds in α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds are described. Therefore, a photoredox-initiated radical chain reaction is explored, where the activation of the carbonyl-group through an in situ generated Lewis acid - originating from the substrate - enables the formation of either C-O or the C-C-addition products. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes form selectively 1,2-, while esters and ketones form the corresponding 1,4-addition products exclusively. Computational studies lead to reason that this chemo- and regioselectivity is determined by the consecutive step, i.e. an electron transfer, after reversible radical addition, which eventually propagates the radical chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany O Paulisch
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Felix Strieth-Kalthoff
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Christian Henkel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Egerlandstraße 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Lena Pitzer
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg , Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy , Egerlandstraße 3 , 91058 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
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21
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Abadie B, Jardel D, Pozzi G, Toullec P, Vincent JM. Dual Benzophenone/Copper-Photocatalyzed Giese-Type Alkylation of C(sp 3 )-H Bonds. Chemistry 2019; 25:16120-16127. [PMID: 31595555 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalyzed Giese-type alkylations of C(sp3 )-H bonds are very attractive reactions in the context of atom-economy in C-C bond formation. The main limitation of such reactions is that when using highly polymerizable olefin acceptors, such as unsubstituted acrylates, acrylonitrile, or methyl vinyl ketone, radical polymerization often becomes the dominant or exclusive reaction pathway. Herein, we report that the polymerization of such olefins is strongly limited or suppressed when combining the photocatalytic activity of benzophenone (BP) with a catalytic amount of Cu(OAc)2 . Under mild and operationally simple conditions, the Giese adducts resulting from the C(sp3 )-H functionalization of amines, alcohols, ethers, and cycloalkanes could be synthesized. Preliminary mechanistic studies have revealed that the reaction does not proceed through a radical chain, but through a dual BP/Cu photocatalytic process, in which both CuII and low-valent CuI/0 species, generated in situ by reduction by the BP ketyl radical, may react with α-keto or α-cyano intermediate radicals, thus preventing polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Abadie
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Damien Jardel
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- CNR-Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari (ISTM), via Golgi 19, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Patrick Toullec
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
| | - Jean-Marc Vincent
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR5255, Université Bordeaux, 33405, Talence, France
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22
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Xiao Y, Liu ZQ. Free Radical Addition of Nitrile, Ketone, and Ester to Alkyne and the Selectivity Discussion. Org Lett 2019; 21:8810-8813. [PMID: 31633360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general and practical atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) of simple nitriles, ketones, and esters to alkynes was developed. It can allow an efficient access to a wide range of β,γ-unsaturated nitriles, ketones, and esters. The unique chemoselectivity in this system is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Zhong-Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, College of Pharmacy , Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing 210023 , China
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23
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Br-radical-mediated [3+2] annulation: synthesis of 2-bromomethyl-substituted alkenylcyclopentanes by the reaction of alkenylcyclopropanes with allyl bromides under photo irradiation. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9595-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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de la Vega-Hernández K, Romain E, Coffinet A, Bijouard K, Gontard G, Chemla F, Ferreira F, Jackowski O, Perez-Luna A. Radical Germylzincation of α-Heteroatom-Substituted Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17632-17642. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Elise Romain
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Anais Coffinet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Kajetan Bijouard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Geoffrey Gontard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Chemla
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Franck Ferreira
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Olivier Jackowski
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Alejandro Perez-Luna
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, F-75005 Paris, France
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25
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Chowdhury SR, Hoque IU, Maity S. TBAI/TBHP-Promoted Generation of Malonyl Radicals: Oxidative Coupling with Styrenes Leads to γ-Keto Diesters. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:2824-2828. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadeep Roy Chowdhury
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad; Dhanbad 826004 JH India
| | - Injamam Ul Hoque
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad; Dhanbad 826004 JH India
| | - Soumitra Maity
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad; Dhanbad 826004 JH India
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26
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Li Y, Li JH. Decarbonylative Formation of Homoallyl Radical Capable of Annulation with N-Arylpropiolamides via Aldehyde Auto-oxidation. Org Lett 2018; 20:5323-5326. [PMID: 30146885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A new metal-free aldehyde auto-oxidation strategy that allows the decarbonylative formation of homoallyl radical capable of cascade annulations with alkynes is described. By using various N-arylpropiolamides, the oxidative radical [3 + 2]/[5 + 2] cascade annulation reaction was achieved to produce benzo[ b]cyclopenta[ e]azepin-4(1 H)-ones, which represent a powerful new platform for the intermolecular cycloadditions of alkyne with broad substrate scope and high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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27
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28
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Wiesemann M, Niemann M, Klösener J, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Hoge B. Tris(pentafluoroethyl)stannane: Tin Hydride Chemistry with an Electron-Deficient Stannane. Chemistry 2018; 24:2699-2708. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wiesemann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Mark Niemann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Johannes Klösener
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Centrum für Molekulare Materialien; Fakultät für Chemie; Universität Bielefeld; Universitätsstraße 25 33615 Bielefeld Germany
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29
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Liu Z, Liu ZQ. An Intermolecular Azidoheteroarylation of Simple Alkenes via Free-Radical Multicomponent Cascade Reactions. Org Lett 2017; 19:5649-5652. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhong-Quan Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State
Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for TCM Quality and Efficacy, College
of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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30
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Nakamura K, Nishikata T. Tandem Reactions Enable Trans- and Cis-Hydro-Tertiary-Alkylations Catalyzed by a Copper Salt. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimiaki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Science
and Engineering, Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Takashi Nishikata
- Graduate School of Science
and Engineering, Yamaguchi University 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Liang Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Green Chemistry Center, Peking University , 202 Chengfu Road, 098#, Beijing 100871, China
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32
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Polat T, Yıldırım G. Investigation of solvent polarity effect on molecular structure and vibrational spectrum of xanthine with the aid of quantum chemical computations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 123:98-109. [PMID: 24394526 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The main scope of this study is to determine the effects of 8 solvents on the geometric structure and vibrational spectra of the title compound, xanthine, by means of the DFT/B3LYP level of theory in the combination with the polarizable conductor continuum model (CPCM) for the first time. After determination of the most-steady state (favored structure) of the xanthine molecule, the role of the solvent polarity on the SCF energy (for the molecule stability), atomic charges (for charge distribution) and dipole moments (for molecular charge transfer) belonging to tautomer is discussed in detail. The results obtained indicate not only the presence of the hydrogen bonding and strong intra-molecular charge transfer (ICT) in the compound but the increment of the molecule stability with the solvent polarity, as well. Moreover, it is noted that the optimized geometric parameters and the theoretical vibrational frequencies are in good agreement with the available experimental results found in the literature. In fact, the correlations between the experimental and theoretical findings for the molecular structures improve with the enhancement of the solvent polarity. At the same time, the dimer forms of the xanthine compound are simulated to describe the effect of intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the molecular geometry and vibrational frequencies. It is found that the CO and NH stretching vibrations shift regularly to lower frequency value with higher IR intensity as the dielectric medium enhances systematically due to the intermolecular NH⋯O hydrogen bonds. Theoretical vibrational spectra are also assigned based on the potential energy distribution (PED) using the VEDA 4 program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turgay Polat
- Kastamonu University, Department of Physics, Kastamonu 37100, Turkey.
| | - Gurcan Yıldırım
- Abant Izzet Baysal University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bolu 14280, Turkey
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33
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Gupta S, Do Y, Lee JH, Lee M, Han J, Rhee YH, Park J. Novel Catalyst System for Hydrostannation of Alkynes. Chemistry 2014; 20:1267-71. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201303057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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Kim YJ, Kim SM, Hosono H, Yang JW, Kim SW. The scalable pinacol coupling reaction utilizing the inorganic electride [Ca2N]+·e− as an electron donor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:4791-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00802b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An inorganic electride [Ca2N]+·e− is used as an efficient electron donor for the scalable pinacol coupling reaction with a high yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ji Kim
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
- IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics
- Institute for Basic Science
| | - Sun Min Kim
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hideo Hosono
- Materials and Structures Laboratory
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Jung Woon Yang
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Wng Kim
- Department of Energy Science
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
- IBS Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics
- Institute for Basic Science
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35
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Chuang CP, Ngoi THJ. Free-Radical Reaction of 2-Vinylcyclopropane-1,1-dicarboxylate with Alkynes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.199100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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36
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37
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Oderinde MS, Organ MG. Pronounced Solvent Effect on the Hydrostannylation of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives withnBu3SnH/Et3B at Room Temperature. Chemistry 2013; 19:2615-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Wille U. Radical Cascades Initiated by Intermolecular Radical Addition to Alkynes and Related Triple Bond Systems. Chem Rev 2012; 113:813-53. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100359d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 465] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uta Wille
- School of Chemistry and
BIO21 Molecular Science and
Biotechnology Institute, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence
for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria
3010, Australia
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39
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Oderinde MS, Organ MG. Studies on the Mechanism of B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Hydrostannylation of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9834-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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40
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Oderinde MS, Organ MG. Studies on the Mechanism of B(C6F5)3-Catalyzed Hydrostannylation of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Oderinde MS, Hunter HN, Organ MG. Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Stereoselectivity in the Hydrostannylation of Propargylic Alcohol Derivatives Using AIBN and Et3B as Promotors. Chemistry 2012; 18:10817-20. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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42
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Goubet M, Motiyenko RA, Margulès L, Guillemin JC. Synthesis, High-Resolution Millimeter-Wave Spectroscopy, and Ab Initio Calculations of Ethylmercury Hydride. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:5405-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp302617y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Goubet
- Laboratoire de Physique des
Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Roman A. Motiyenko
- Laboratoire de Physique des
Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Laurent Margulès
- Laboratoire de Physique des
Lasers, Atomes et Molécules, UMR CNRS 8523, Université de Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Jean-Claude Guillemin
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure
de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, UMR 6226, Avenue du Général
Leclerc, CS 50837, F-35708 Rennes Cedex 7, France
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43
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Density Functional Theory Study on the Identification of Pd(Me-Xanthate)2. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-012-0251-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Jung JC, Kim YH, Lee K. Practical β-masked formylation and acetylation of electron-deficient olefins utilizing tetra(n-butyl)ammonium peroxydisulfate. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.06.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Sun CL, Gu YF, Wang B, Shi ZJ. Direct Arylation of Alkenes with Aryl Iodides/Bromides through an Organocatalytic Radical Process. Chemistry 2011; 17:10844-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Streuff J. A titanium(III)-catalyzed redox umpolung reaction for the reductive cross-coupling of enones with acrylonitriles. Chemistry 2011; 17:5507-10. [PMID: 21488110 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany.
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47
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Fries P, Halter D, Kleinschek A, Hartung J. Functionalized tetrahydrofurans from alkenols and olefins/alkynes via aerobic oxidation-radical addition cascades. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:3906-12. [PMID: 21348446 DOI: 10.1021/ja108403s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aerobic oxidation of alkyl- and phenyl-substituted 4-pentenols (bishomoallyl alcohols), catalyzed by cobalt(II) complexes in solutions of γ-terpinene or cyclohexa-1,4-diene, stereoselectively gave tetrahydrofurylmethyl radicals. Cyclized radicals were trapped with monosubstituted olefins (e.g., acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate), (E)- and (Z)-1,2-diacceptor-substituted olefins (e.g., dimethyl fumarate, fumarodinitrile, N-phenyl maleic imide), and ester-substituted alkynes (e.g., ethyl propynoate). Oxidation-addition cascades thus furnished side-chain-substituted (CN, CO(2)R, COR, or SO(2)R) di- and trisubstituted tetrahydrofurans in stereoselective reactions (2,3-trans, 2,4-cis, and 2,5-trans). A diastereomerically pure bistetrahydrofuran was prepared in a cascade consisting of two aerobic oxidations, one alkyne addition, and one final H-atom transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Fries
- Fachbereich Chemie, Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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48
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Beckwith ALJ, Schiesser CH. Treasures from the Free Radical Renaissance Period – Miscellaneous hexenyl radical kinetic data. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:1736-43. [PMID: 21184011 DOI: 10.1039/c0ob00708k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athelstan L J Beckwith
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
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49
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50
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hartung
- Fachbereich Chemie, Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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