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Ramiro JL, Martínez-Caballero S, Neo AG, Díaz J, Marcos CF. The Castagnoli–Cushman Reaction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062654. [PMID: 36985626 PMCID: PMC10058692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the first reports of the reaction of imines and cyclic anhydrides by Castagnoli and Cushman, this procedure has been applied to the synthesis of a variety of lactams, some of them with important synthetic or biological interest. The scope of the reaction has been extended to the use of various Schiff bases and anhydrides as well as to different types of precursors for these reagents. In recent years, important advances have been made in understanding the mechanism of the reaction, which has historically been quite controversial. This has helped to develop reaction conditions that lead to pure diastereomers and even homochiral products. In addition, these mechanistic studies have also led to the development of new multicomponent versions of the Castagnoli–Cushman reaction that allow products with more diverse and complex molecular structures to be easily obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Ramiro
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sonia Martínez-Caballero
- Departamento de Didáctica de las Ciencias Experimentales y las Matemáticas, Facultad de Formación de Profesorado, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Ana G. Neo
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.N.); (C.F.M.)
| | - Jesús Díaz
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Carlos F. Marcos
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry & Membrane Biophysics (L.O.B.O.), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.N.); (C.F.M.)
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2
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Bhat BA, Rashid S, Sengupta S, Mehta G. Recent Advances in Total Synthesis of Bioactive Furo[3,2‐
b
]furanone Natural Products. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bilal A. Bhat
- CSIR-Medicinal Chemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine Sanatnagar-Srinagar 190005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research India
| | - Showkat Rashid
- CSIR-Medicinal Chemistry DivisionIndian Institute of Integrative Medicine Sanatnagar-Srinagar 190005 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research India
| | | | - Goverdhan Mehta
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad 500046 India
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3
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Collar AG, Trujillo C, Connon SJ. Highly Enantio- and Diastereoselective Catalytic Asymmetric Tamura Cycloaddition Reactions. Chemistry 2019; 25:7270-7274. [PMID: 31050071 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The first broad-scope catalytic asymmetric Tamura cycloaddition reactions are reported. Under the influence of anion-binding bifunctional catalysis a wide range of α,β-unsaturated N-trityl imines undergo reactions with enolisable anhydrides to form highly synthetically useful α-tetralone structures with excellent enantio- and -diastereocontrol. In stark contrast to the previous literature benchmarks, doubly activated or highly electron deficient alkenes are not required. A facile two-step, high yielding sequence can convert the cycloadducts to α-haloketones (challenging to generate catalytically by other means) with the net formation of two new C-C bonds and three new contiguous stereocentres with exquisite stereocontrol. A DFT study has provided insight into the catalyst mode of action and the origins of the observed enantiocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarón Gutiérrez Collar
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Stephen J Connon
- School of Chemistry Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
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4
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Synthesis of 1,3-dioxo-substituted allenes via copper(I)-catalyzed coupling of α-oxo-alkynes and α-oxo-diazos by controlling the sequence of adding substrates. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Lockett-Walters B, Trujillo C, Twamley B, Connon S. The base-catalysed Tamura cycloaddition reaction: calculation, mechanism, isolation of intermediates and asymmetric catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11283-11286. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A combination of experimental and computational techniques has shown that the mechanism of the base-catalysed Tamura cycloaddition is not a concerted Diels–Alder process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Lockett-Walters
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Brendan Twamley
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
| | - Stephen Connon
- School of Chemistry
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute
- Trinity College Dublin
- Dublin 2
- Ireland
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith P. Reber
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - Hannah E. Burdge
- Department of Chemistry, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
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7
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Parsons PJ, Jones DR, Walsh LJ, Allen LAT, Onwubiko A, Preece L, Board J, White AJP. An Approach to the Core of Lactonamycin. Org Lett 2017; 19:2533-2535. [PMID: 28445072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A cascade reaction has been developed for the synthesis of lactonamycin. In this paper, we demonstrate that a transition-metal-free thermal ene-diyne cyclization can be used for the construction of the entire core of the antibiotic lactonamycin and anticancer agent lactonamycin Z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Parsons
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Daniel R Jones
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Lee J Walsh
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Lewis A T Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Ada Onwubiko
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Lewis Preece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, U.K
| | - Johnathan Board
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex , Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RH, U.K
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London , South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
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8
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Peng XS, Ylagan RMP, Siu YM, Wong HNC. Synthesis and Application of [3.3.0]Furofuranone in Total Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2015; 10:2070-83. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Shui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong SAR China), Fax: (+852) 26035315
- Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; No.10, Second Yuexing Road Shenzhen 518507 China
| | - Ridge Michael P. Ylagan
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong SAR China), Fax: (+852) 26035315
| | - Yuk Ming Siu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong SAR China), Fax: (+852) 26035315
| | - Henry N. C. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry; Center of Novel Functional Molecules, and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials; The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories; Hong Kong SAR China), Fax: (+852) 26035315
- Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules, Shenzhen Research Institute, and Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules; The Chinese University of Hong Kong; No.10, Second Yuexing Road Shenzhen 518507 China
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9
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Adachi S, Onozuka M, Yoshida Y, Ide M, Saikawa Y, Nakata M. Smooth Isoindolinone Formation from Isopropyl Carbamates via Bischler–Napieralski-Type Cyclization. Org Lett 2013; 16:358-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403142d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masao Onozuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ide
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yoko Saikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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10
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Speck K, Magauer T. The chemistry of isoindole natural products. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:2048-78. [PMID: 24204418 PMCID: PMC3817534 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the chemical and biological aspects of natural products containing an oxidized or reduced isoindole skeleton. This motif is found in its intact or modified form in indolocarbazoles, macrocyclic polyketides (cytochalasan alkaloids), the aporhoeadane alkaloids, meroterpenoids from Stachybotrys species and anthraquinone-type alkaloids. Concerning their biological activity, molecular structure and synthesis, we have limited this review to the most inspiring examples. Within different congeners, we have selected a few members and discussed the synthetic routes in more detail. The putative biosynthetic pathways of the presented isoindole alkaloids are described as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Speck
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5–13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Thomas Magauer
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5–13, 81377 München, Germany
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11
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Nicolaou KC, Nilewski C, Hale CRH, Ioannidou HA, ElMarrouni A, Koch LG. Totalsynthese und Revidierung der Struktur von Viridicatumtoxin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201304691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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12
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Nicolaou KC, Nilewski C, Hale CRH, Ioannidou HA, ElMarrouni A, Koch LG. Total synthesis and structural revision of viridicatumtoxin B. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8736-41. [PMID: 23893651 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201304691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K C Nicolaou
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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13
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Adachi S, Watanabe K, Iwata Y, Kameda S, Miyaoka Y, Onozuka M, Mitsui R, Saikawa Y, Nakata M. Total Syntheses of Lactonamycin and Lactonamycin Z with Late-Stage A-Ring Formation and Glycosylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:2087-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201209205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Adachi S, Watanabe K, Iwata Y, Kameda S, Miyaoka Y, Onozuka M, Mitsui R, Saikawa Y, Nakata M. Total Syntheses of Lactonamycin and Lactonamycin Z with Late-Stage A-Ring Formation and Glycosylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Dubois S, Rodier F, Blanc R, Rahmani R, Héran V, Thibonnet J, Commeiras L, Parrain JL. Dramatic influence of the substitution of alkylidene-5H-furan-2-ones in Diels–Alder cycloadditions with o-quinonedimethide as diene partner: en route to the CDEF polycyclic ring system of lactonamycin. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4712-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25299f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Jacques SA, Patel BH, Barrett AG. Biomimetic synthetic studies on lactonamycin: an expedient synthesis of dihydroxy-isoindolinone-carboxylates. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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17
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Tatsuta K, Tanaka H, Tsukagoshi H, Kashima T, Hosokawa S. The first total synthesis of lactonamycin, a hexacyclic antitumor antibiotic. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Watanabe K, Iwata Y, Adachi S, Nishikawa T, Yoshida Y, Kameda S, Ide M, Saikawa Y, Nakata M. Synthetic Studies on Lactonamycins: Synthesis of the Model BCDEF Aglycon. J Org Chem 2010; 75:5573-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo100913s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kana Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Satoshi Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuko Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kameda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ide
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yoko Saikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masaya Nakata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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19
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Albrecht D, Vogt F, Bach T. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Intramolecular [2+2] Photocycloaddition Reactions of 3-(ω′-Alkenyl)- and 3-(ω′-Alkenyloxy)-Substituted 5,6-Dihydro-1H-pyridin-2-ones. Chemistry 2010; 16:4284-96. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Imran M, Iqbal I, Fischer C, Langer P. Regioselective Synthesis of 4-(Arylsulfanyl)-2-hydroxyhomophthalates by [4+2] Cycloaddition of 3-(Arylsulfanyl)-1-(trimethylsilyloxy)buta-1,3-dienes with Dimethyl Penta-2,3-dienedioate. Helv Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200900348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Hoye TR, Jeffrey CS, Nelson DP. Dynamic kinetic resolution during a vinylogous Payne rearrangement: a concise synthesis of the polar pharmacophoric subunit of (+)-scyphostatin. Org Lett 2010; 12:52-5. [PMID: 19968321 PMCID: PMC2804749 DOI: 10.1021/ol902459z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The diastereomeric epoxycyclohexenols 3a/b (obtained via a Wharton rearrangement of a bis-epoxycyclohexanone precursor) were shown to undergo interconversion via a facile vinylogous Payne rearrangement. Mechanistic issues were probed; the doubly O-deuterated analogues underwent this equilibration more slowly than the parent dihydroxy compounds. It was possible to kinetically resolve the mixture of 3a/b under equilibrating conditions by use of Amano PS. This DKR is additionally noteworthy because it sets four stereocenters in a single event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Hoye
- Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street, SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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22
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González-López M, Shaw JT. Cyclic Anhydrides in Formal Cycloadditions and Multicomponent Reactions. Chem Rev 2009; 109:164-89. [DOI: 10.1021/cr8002714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos González-López
- Department of Chemistry, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Jared T. Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, California 95616
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23
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Hussain I, Yawer MA, Appel B, Sher M, Mahal A, Villinger A, Fischer C, Langer P. Synthesis of 4-hydroxy- and 2,4-dihydroxy-homophthalates by [4+2] cycloaddition of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with dimethyl allene-1,3-dicarboxylate. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.05.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Wilson RM, Danishefsky SJ. Small molecule natural products in the discovery of therapeutic agents: the synthesis connection. J Org Chem 2007; 71:8329-51. [PMID: 17064003 DOI: 10.1021/jo0610053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been a rich source of agents of value in medicine. They have also inspired, at various levels, the fashioning of nonnatural agents of pharmaceutical import. Hitherto, these nonnatural derivatives have been primarily synthesized by manipulating the natural product. As a consequence of major innovations in the subscience of synthetic methodology, the capacity of synthesis to deal with molecules of considerable complexity has increased dramatically. In this paper, we show by example some total syntheses which draw from strategy-enabling advances in methodology. Moreover, we show how these capabilities can be used to discover and develop new agents of potential pharmaceutical value without recourse to the natural product itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca M Wilson
- Laboratory for Bioorganic Chemistry, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
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25
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Wehlan H, Jezek E, Lebrasseur N, Pavé G, Roulland E, White AJP, Burrows JN, Barrett AGM. Studies on the total synthesis of lactonamycin: synthesis of the CDEF ring system. J Org Chem 2007; 71:8151-8. [PMID: 17025305 DOI: 10.1021/jo0613378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A concise and efficient synthesis of the tetracyclic CDEF ring system of lactonamycin (1) is described. The key step involved the Lewis acid mediated, intramolecular Friedel-Crafts acylation of carboxylic acid 6 to produce the tetracyclic CDEF core structure of target 1. The synthesis of 6 was carried out using a high-yielding Negishi coupling of benzyl bromide 7 with triflate 8, which was accessible in 11 steps and 31% overall yield on a multigram scale starting from trihydroxy acid 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermut Wehlan
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, England
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26
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27
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Le Vézouët R, White AJ, Burrows JN, Barrett AG. Synthetic studies on the CDEF ring system of lactonamycin. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Henderson DA, Collier PN, Pavé G, Rzepa P, White AJP, Burrows JN, Barrett AGM. Studies on the Total Synthesis of Lactonamycin: Construction of Model ABCD Ring Systems. J Org Chem 2006; 71:2434-44. [PMID: 16526795 DOI: 10.1021/jo052637c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Model studies on the synthesis of the tetracyclic ABCD ring system of lactonamycin (1) are described. The key step involved the double Michael addition reaction of alcohol 8 to propynoate esters to produce the BCD units 13 and 14 of the target 1. Alternatively, double Michael addition of alcohol 8 to di-tert-butyl acetylenedcarboxylate gave the corresponding BCD ring systems 36 and 37. Acid-mediated hydrolysis of the dihydroquinone monoketal units of 13 and 14 and 36 and 37 in the presence of air gave the corresponding quinones 7 and 39. These were converted into the tetracyclic ABCD units 6, 26a, 40, and 42 of lactonamycin (1) by either dihydroxylation or epoxidation and acid-catalyzed lactonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, England
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Piggott MJ. Naphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-diones and related compounds: theoretically interesting and bioactive natural and synthetic products. Tetrahedron 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2005.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Trewartha G, Burrows JN, Barrett AG. Glycosidation via conjugate addition of anomeric alkoxides to nitroalkenes and nitrosoalkenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.03.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Stark LM, Pekari K, Sorensen EJ. A nucleophile-catalyzed cycloisomerization permits a concise synthesis of (+)-harziphilone. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004; 101:12064-6. [PMID: 15232001 PMCID: PMC514435 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0402563101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial structural transformations of much use in complex chemical synthesis can be achieved by channeling the reactivity of highly unsaturated molecules. This report describes the direct conversion of an acyclic polyunsaturated diketone to the HIV-1 Rev/Rev-responsive element inhibitor harziphilone under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M Stark
- Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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