1
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Yadav B, Isar P, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Studies of Fused Benzo-Benzisapphyrins. J Org Chem 2023; 88:395-402. [PMID: 36524818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A series of rare examples of fused benzo-benzisapphyrins were synthesized readily by (3 + 2) condensation of benzodipyrrole-derived diol and para-benzitripyrrane in the presence of 0.5 equiv of TFA in CH2Cl2 under inert atmosphere conditions accompanied by DDQ oxidation in open air. The crude compounds were separated by basic alumina column chromatography and afforded pure fused benzo-benzisapphyrins in 20-22% yields. The fused sapphyrins were characterized in detail by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy. The 1H NMR spectra recorded at both 298 and at 233 K clearly exhibited the presence of a strong diatropic ring current in benzo-benzisapphyrins, and the macrocycles are of aromatic nature. The DFT-optimized structure of benzo-benzisapphyrin revealed that the macrocycle was planar to a great extent due to the rigid structure of the dibenzopyrrole moiety, and the NICS(0) value of -11.2 ppm supports the aromatic nature of macrocycles. The absorption spectra of benzo-benzisapphyrins showed three weak Q bands approximately in the region of 650-900 nm and a strong Soret band at 480 nm, along with a shoulder band at ∼510 nm. The diprotonated derivative generated by the addition of excess TFA to the benzo-benzisapphyrin macrocycle exhibited bathochromically shifted absorption bands compared to the free base macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prosenjit Isar
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraβe 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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2
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Wei W, Zhao ZX, Xia BH, Li W. Theoretical analysis of expanded porphyrins: Aromaticity, stability, and optoelectronic properties. Front Chem 2022; 10:948632. [PMID: 36118314 PMCID: PMC9476321 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.948632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Expanded porphyrin systems are capable of binding a variety of substrates due to their increased cavity size and aromatic nature, holding important applications as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and as sensitizers for photodynamic therapy. It is there of fundamental interest to know the photoelectrical properties of expanded porphyrins using quantum chemistry calculations. In this work, we theoretically designed and screened a series of expanded porphyrins by incorporating terthiophene (TTH) and dithienothiophene (DTT) moieties. Our calculations showed that all the designed molecules exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance than the reference molecule. It is suggested that the porphyrin molecule with TTH moiety has better stability than the one with DTT moiety. Finally, we demonstrated that molecule 2 features with TTH moiety and the inverted selenophene ring outperform other molecules because it exhibits increased HOMO-LUMO gap, planar geometry, and strengthened aromaticity. We expect that this work can provide theoretical guidelines for the design of novel porphyrin materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei, ; Wei Li,
| | - Zeng-Xia Zhao
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bao-Hui Xia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei, ; Wei Li,
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3
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Ali MA, Laxman K, Ravikanth M. Synthesis and Studies of Core-Modified Tellura Dithiasapphyrins. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3202-3211. [PMID: 35148081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four different aromatic meso-substituted tellurophene-containing dithiasapphyrins were synthesized by acid-catalyzed [3+2] condensation of 16-telluratripyrrane with bithiophene diol in 22-23% yields. The structural, spectral, and electrochemical properties of tellura dithiasapphyrins were studied and compared with those of previously reported aza (pyrrole)- and other heterocycle (furan, thiophene, and selenophene)-containing dithiasapphyrins. Nuclear magnetic resonance studies indicated that the tellurophene ring in tellura dithiasapphyrins is in the normal conformation, facing toward the inner core, but flips in diprotonated derivatives to an inverted conformation, facing away from the macrocyclic core, unlike aza- and other heterocycle-containing dithiasapphyrins in which pyrrole and the corresponding heterocycle ring always prefer to be in inverted conformation in their neutral and protonated forms. The crystal structure obtained for one of the tellura dithiasapphyrins showed that the macrocycle is highly planar and the tellurophene ring is in the normal conformation. The absorption spectra of tellura dithiasapphyrins exhibited slight hypsochromic shifts compared to those of pyrrole- and other heterocycle-containing dithiasapphyrins. The redox studies indicated that the tellura dithiasapphyrins are electron deficient and readily undergoes reductions. Density functional theory and nuclear independent chemical shift studies indicated that the macrocycles are aromatic, and the computational results closely matched the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashif Ali
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Kandala Laxman
- Department of Chemistry, GIS, GITAM Deemed to Be University, Rushikonda, Visakhapatnam 530045, AP, India
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4
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Sahoo S, Jana M, Rath H. Tailor-made aromatic porphyrinoids with NIR absorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1834-1859. [PMID: 35028653 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highlight of this article is the recent progress in the state-of-the-art synthetic design and isolation of artificial porphyrinoids by swapping pyrrole component(s) with diverse functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/carbacycle building block(s) to compare the impact on the electronic absorption spectra and aromaticity of the incorporated isomeric/expanded porphyrinoids. Attention has been directed towards five distinct criteria of utilizing functionalized pyrrolic(heterocyclic)/aromatic hydrocarbons as synthons for NIR absorbing aromatic isomeric (N-confusion)/expanded porphyrinoids (with five/six heterocycles): (i) fused or annelated pyrrole (heterocycle), (ii) functionalized bi-pyrrole/bi-thiophene/bi-furan building blocks, (iii) azulene based carbacycle building block, (iv) vinylogous aromatic carbacycle/heterocycle(s) building block and (v) N-confused pyrrole ring(s), and N-confused fused pyrrole ring(s) leading to π-extension. These hybrid porphyrinoids are ideal candidates for basic research into macrocyclic aromaticity and for many potential applications owing to NIR absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Manik Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A/2B Raja S. C Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 032, India.
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5
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Abstract
Synthesis and studies of first examples of nonaromatic doubly fused fluorene embedded heterosapphyrins and their intermediate macrocycles, monofused fluorene embedded hetero calixsapphyrins are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Prosenjit Isar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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6
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Wei W, Ren W, Jian W, Xia B, Zhang H, Bai FQ, Li W. Stability, Aromaticity, and Photophysical Behaviors of Macrocyclic Molecules: A Theoretical Analysis. Front Chem 2020; 8:776. [PMID: 33102432 PMCID: PMC7500243 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The macrocyclic molecules with terthiophene (TTH) isomers unit exhibit intriguing properties in terms of aromaticity, stability, and absorption. In this work, we theoretically designed a series of macrocyclic molecules featured with TTH and dithienothiophene (DTT) π-conjugated building units, which are used to permute pyrrole unit in porphyrin skeleton. Density functional theory and time-dependent DFT methods are used to evaluate the performance of the designed molecules. Our simulations show that molecules 1–3 exhibit excellent optoelectronic performance. Specifically, the molecule with the DTT unit is more stable than the one with TTH unit in terms of aromaticity and aromatic stabilization energy. This is because DTT unit enhances the coplanarity of the molecular material, facilitating electronic communication. Calculation of vertical electronic excitations suggests the absorption feature of these molecules is mainly contributed by the electronic excitations of higher occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) → lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO)+1 and HOMO-1 → LUMO. Judging from the key parameters determining the overall performance, 3 stands out because of its good planarity, large HOMO–LUMO gap, and strong aromaticity among all molecules. Interestingly, molecule 1 has the current density flow distributes around the outer section of TTH unit; in contrast, molecule 3 with DTT unit has the current density flow located at the inner section of DTT, which is beneficial for stability and aromaticity. Second-order perturbation energies are calculated to rationalize this observation. We expect that these research results can provide valuable insights into the rational design of novel molecular materials for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhui Ren
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Jian
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Baohui Xia
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fu-Quan Bai
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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7
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Isar P, Ravikanth M. Dibenzoylbenzodipyrroles: Key Precursors for the Synthesis of Fused meso-Aryl Sapphyrins. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7287-7296. [PMID: 32403925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A simple strategy has been developed for the synthesis of α,α'-dibenzoylbenzodipyrroles, which are key synthons for the synthesis of fused porphyrinoids. α,α'-Dibenzoylbenzodipyrroles were characterized by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), NMR, and X-ray crystallography. To show the use of α,α'-dibenzoylbenzodipyrrole, we synthesized five different fused meso-aryl sapphyrins under acid-catalyzed reaction conditions. α,α'-Dibenzoylbenzodipyrrole was reduced to diol and condensed with five different tripyrranes such as aza, oxa, thia, selena, and telluratripyrranes under mild acid-catalyzed conditions to afford fused meso-aryl sapphyrins in 15-18% yields. One-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR studies revealed that in fused sapphyrins, the furan ring in oxabenzosapphyrin and the pyrrole ring in benzosapphyrin, which are present opposite to the benzodipyrrole moiety, attained ring inversion (inverted sapphyrins), whereas the selenophene ring in selenabenzosapphyrin and the tellurophene ring in tellurabenzosapphyrin did not show ring inversion (normal sapphyrins). However, thiabenzosapphyrin exhibits both normal and inverted conformations in different ratios. All fused sapphyrins showed typical aromatic absorption features; however, the absorption features of normal fused sapphyrins are different from the inverted fused sapphyrins. Redox studies indicate that normal fused sapphyrins are difficult to oxidize but easier to reduce compared to inverted fused sapphyrins. Density functional theory (DFT) studies support the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Isar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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8
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Ansari NH, Banini S, Cummings MM, Söderberg BCG. Palladium-Catalyzed Double Reductive Cyclization of 2,3-Dinitro-1,4-dialkenylbenzenes. Synthesis of 1 H,8 H-Pyrrolo[3,2- g]indoles. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4002-4010. [PMID: 32130856 PMCID: PMC9827688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A flexible route to both symmetrical and unsymmetrical 1H,8H-pyrrolo[3,2-g]indole has been developed. The key and ultimate step is a double palladium-catalyzed, carbon monoxide mediated reductive cyclization of 1,4-dialkenyl-2,3-dinitrobenzenes. The cyclization precursors were prepared by a double Kosugi-Migita-Stille cross coupling of 1,4-dibromo-2,3-dinitrobenzene with an alkenyltin reagent to give symmetrical products. Unsymetrical cyclization precursors were prepared by two sequential cross couplings using 4-iodo-2,3-dinitrophenyl trifluoromethanesulfonate as the starting material.
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9
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Dash S, Ghosh A, Chandrashekar TK. Dithienothiophene fused 30π heptaphyrin and 34π octaphyrins: Syntheses, characterization and spectral properties. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Syntheses of DTT fused 30[Formula: see text] heptaphyrin and 34[Formula: see text] octaphyrins are reported. The inclusion of fused group in the precursor itself allowed easy syntheses of these macrocycles. Fusion makes the macrocycles planar thus allowing strong [Formula: see text] electronic conjugation. Both 30[Formula: see text] heptaphyrin and 34[Formula: see text] octaphyrins are aromatic in freebase and protonated forms as revealed by large [Formula: see text] values in 1H NMR spectrum and sharp-intense Soret like bands in UV-vis spectrum. Interestingly one of the DTT ring undergoes fliping upon protonation in 34[Formula: see text] doubly fused octaphyrin. Such a large ring fliping is unprecedented in the literature. Single crystal X-ray analysis confirms planar nature of 34[Formula: see text] octaphyrins. Furthermore, the structure reveals two type of hydrogen bonding interactions: (a) CH[Formula: see text] (thiophene) and (b) CH[Formula: see text] (mesityl) leading to self assambled dimer separated by a distance of ∼3.0Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syamasrit Dash
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, HBNI, India
| | - Arindam Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, HBNI, India
| | - Tavarekere K. Chandrashekar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER) Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, HBNI, India
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Prosenjit Isar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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11
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Wei W, Li W, Xia BH, Zhang HX, Bai FQ. Theoretical investigations of the aromaticity, stability and photophysical behaviors for expanded porphyrins. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Sahoo KC, Kumaraswami MS, Usharani D, Rath H. Conformationally Rigid Ethynylene-Cumulene Conjugated Aromatic [30] Heteroannulenes with NIR Absorption: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5203-5212. [PMID: 30932494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two hitherto unknown conformationally rigid Hückel aromatic ethynylene-cumulene conjugated [30] heteroannulenes have been synthesized and characterized. A thorough solution-state spectroscopic characterization, combined with in-depth theoretical calculations, has been performed to arrive at the proposed geometry of the macrocycles. The most stable optimized structures for the free base form of both the macrocycles showed absolute planar geometries without any ring inversion with mean plane deviation (MPD) values of 0.00 and 0.00 Å, respectively, in accordance with the NMR spectroscopic observations. The induced correspondence of rigid ethynylene-cumulene moieties leading to near-infrared (NIR) absorption in neutral and protonated forms of macrocycles is the important highlight of this article. This noteworthy finding has been supported by DFT-level theoretical calculations. There is an increasing pursuit in designing such NIR-absorbing/-emitting systems due to their immense applications in medicine and biology for recognizing and transportation of various substrates. The geometry of the novel 30π aromatic heteroannulenes shows promise for evolution of such novel systems in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krushna Chandra Sahoo
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Meenakshi S Kumaraswami
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India
| | - Dandamudi Usharani
- Department of Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory , CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute , Mysuru 700020 , Karnataka , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC , Ghaziabad 201002 , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Harapriya Rath
- School of Chemical Sciences , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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13
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Sengupta R, Thorat KG, Ravikanth M. Synthesis of Nonaromatic and Aromatic Dithia Benzisapphyrins. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11794-11803. [PMID: 30192144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of [24π] dithia meta-benzisapphyrins and [22π] dithia para-benzisapphyrins were synthesized by 3 + 2 condensation of appropriate benzitripyrrane with bithiophene diol under mild acid catalyzed conditions. The dithia m-benzisapphyrins and dithia p-benzisapphyrins were thoroughly characterized by HR-MS, 1D and 2D NMR, absorption, and electrochemical techniques. Our studies showed that dithia m-benzisapphyrins are nonaromatic, whereas the dithia p-benzisapphyrins are aromatic in nature. Thus, we demonstrated here that the dithiabenzisapphyrins can be made aromatic by replacing the m-phenylene moiety of the benzisapphyrin macrocycle with a p-phenylene unit. Furthermore, the studies also indicated that the aromaticity of the dithia p-benzisapphyrins was relatively more compared to the reported heterosapphyrins. The structural and spectral characteristics including aromaticity of the m-benzisapphyrins and p-benzisapphyrins were also discussed with the help of DFT, NICS, and TD-DFT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Sengupta
- Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
| | - Kishor G Thorat
- Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai 400076 , India
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14
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Shan W, Desbois N, Blondeau-Patissier V, Naitana ML, Quesneau V, Rousselin Y, Gros CP, Ou Z, Kadish KM. Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemistry of Open-Chain Pentapyrroles and Sapphyrins with Highly Electron-Withdrawing meso
-Tetraaryl Substituents. Chemistry 2017; 23:12833-12844. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Shan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; Houston Texas 77204-5003 USA
| | - Nicolas Desbois
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; ICMUB (UMR UB-CNRS 6302); 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Virginie Blondeau-Patissier
- Department Time-Frequency; Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut FEMTO-ST (UMR CNRS 6174); 26, Chemin de l'épitaphe 25030 Besançon Cedex France
| | - Mario L. Naitana
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; ICMUB (UMR UB-CNRS 6302); 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Valentin Quesneau
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; ICMUB (UMR UB-CNRS 6302); 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Yoann Rousselin
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; ICMUB (UMR UB-CNRS 6302); 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Claude P. Gros
- Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté; ICMUB (UMR UB-CNRS 6302); 9, Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; Houston Texas 77204-5003 USA
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry; University of Houston; Houston Texas 77204-5003 USA
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15
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Doble S, Osinski AJ, Holland SM, Fisher JM, Geier GR, Belosludov RV, Ziegler CJ, Nemykin VN. Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Transition-Metal Complexes of Perfluorophenyl-N-Confused Porphyrins: Inverting Electronic Structure through a Proton. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:3689-3698. [PMID: 28475333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b02908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neutral and deprotonated anionic Ni(II), Pd(II), Cu(II), and Cu(III) complexes of tetrakis(perfluorophenyl)-N-confused porphyrin (PF-NCP) were prepared and investigated by UV-visible and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopies. As in the previously reported Ni(II) adduct of tetraphenyl N-confused porphyrin, we observe sign reverse (positive to negative intensities with increasing energy) features in the MCD spectra of the neutral Ni(II), Pd(II), and Cu(II) complexes of PF-NCP, which is indicative of rare ΔHOMO < ΔLUMO relationships. Upon deprotonation of Ni(II), Pd(II), and Cu(II) complexes, these features revert to those of more typical porphyrin MCD spectra consistent with a ΔHOMO > ΔLUMO condition. The Cu(III) PF-NCP complex shows features similar to those of the deprotonated divalent metal systems. Spectroscopic features in all target complexes as well as previously published metal-free and Ni(II) NCP systems were correlated with the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations. Calculation data are consistent with the tautomeric rearrangement of the electronic structures of NCP cores playing dominant roles, with smaller contribution from the central metal ions in the observed optical and magneto-optical properties. This is true for all described NCP systems to date, as they affect the stabilization/destabilization of the N-confused porphyrin-centered Gouterman orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Doble
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota-Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Allen J Osinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-3601, United States
| | - Shelby M Holland
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University , Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Julia M Fisher
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University , Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - G Richard Geier
- Department of Chemistry, Colgate University , Hamilton, New York 13346, United States
| | - Rodion V Belosludov
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Christopher J Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Akron , Akron, Ohio 44325-3601, United States
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota-Duluth , Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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16
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Chatterjee T, Srinivasan A, Ravikanth M, Chandrashekar TK. Smaragdyrins and Sapphyrins Analogues. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3329-3376. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamal Chatterjee
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - A. Srinivasan
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
| | | | - Tavarakere K. Chandrashekar
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridib Sarma
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, United States
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Anguera
- Grup d’Enginyeria
de Materials, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup d’Enginyeria
de Materials, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Abstract
This review underscores the conformational flexibility of porphyrinoids, a unique class of functional molecules, starting from the smallest triphyrins(1.1.1) via [18]porphyrins(1.1.1.1) and concluding with a variety of expanded porphyrinoids and heteroporphyrinoids, including the enormous [96]tetracosaphyrin(1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0.1.0). The specific flexibility of porphyrinoids has been documented as instrumental in the designing or redesigning of macrocyclic frames, particularly in the search for adjustable platforms for coordination or organometallic chemistry, anion binding, or mechanistic switches in molecular devices. A structural prearrangement to coordinate one or more metal ions has been outlined. The coverage of the topic focuses on representative examples of geometry or conformational rearrangements for each selected class of the numerous porphyrinoids accordingly categorized by the number of built-in carbo- or heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szyszko
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michał J Białek
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Pacholska-Dudziak
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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20
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Abstract
A large number of porphyrinoids containing 2,2'-bipyrrole subunits have appeared since they were originally found as a component of sapphyrin and corrole, and it was found that the bipyrrole subunit endowed macrocycles with specific geometric features and electronic properties. Synthetic methods for bipyrrole-containing precursors for porphyrinoid are summarized in this review; these include coupling reactions of pyrrole rings, pyrrole ring-forming reactions leading directly to bipyrrole units, and synthetic reactions for oligopyrrolic compounds. Some hybrid oligopyrroles having nonpyrrole (hetero)aromatic ring(s) are also included. This review also describes porphyrinoids composed of bipyrrole subunits. Interesting electronic properties derived from strong cyclo-π-conjugation are highlighted in the bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids with or without meso-like carbons. Anion-binding chemistry is one of the main topics for bipyrrole-based macrocycles with less efficient or deficient cyclo-π-conjugation, such as those linked with electronically localized aromatic ring(s), with sp3 carbon(s), and with amido or imine connection(s). The principal concern in this review is porphyrinoids of relatively large ring size, composed of more than five units of pyrroles and (hetero)aromatic substitutes in total, and so bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids up to five pyrrolic units, such as corroles, porphycenes, sapphyrins, and smaragdyrin, will not be covered here except for some special cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichiro Setsune
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University , Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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21
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Figueira F, Marques I, Farinha ASF, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JAS, Silva AMS, Sessler J, Félix V, Tomé JPC. Unprecedented Double aza‐Michael Addition within a Sapphyrin Core. Chemistry 2016; 22:14349-55. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flávio Figueira
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Igor Marques
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences & iBiMED University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | | | - Augusto C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | | | - Artur M. S. Silva
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - Jonathan Sessler
- Department of Chemistry The University of Texas at Austin 105 E. 24th Street-A5300 Austin TX 78712-1224 USA
| | - Vítor Félix
- Department of Chemistry & CICECO University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Medical Sciences & iBiMED University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
| | - João P. C. Tomé
- Department of Chemistry & QOPNA University of Aveiro 3810-193 Aveiro Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
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22
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Stępień M, Gońka E, Żyła M, Sprutta N. Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3479-3716. [PMID: 27258218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 874] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natasza Sprutta
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Mallick A, Oh J, Kim D, Rath H. Aromatic Fused [30] Heteroannulenes with NIR Absorption and NIR Emission: Synthesis, Characterization, and Excited-State Dynamics. Chemistry 2016; 22:8026-31. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Mallick
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India), Fax
| | - Juwon Oh
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu; Seoul 120-749 Korea
| | - Harapriya Rath
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science; 2A/2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700 032 India), Fax
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24
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Abstract
The synthesis of a highly electron-rich decamethoxysapphyrin and its 27-N-benzyl analogue is reported for the first time. The effects of β-methoxy and 27-N-benzyl substitution on structure, anion binding, absorption, and electrochemical properties were explored in detail. Upon 27-N-benzyl substitution, counteranion-induced structural deformation arises in the diprotonated state, which could be clearly noticed both in solution (1)H NMR study and solid-state structural analysis. This type of anion-induced structural deformation is noted for the first time in β-substituted sapphyrins. Further, the free base sapphyrins generate singlet oxygen with moderate efficiency (∼42%); hence, they may act as good photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anup Rana
- †School of Chemistry and ‡Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - B Sathish Kumar
- †School of Chemistry and ‡Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Pradeepta K Panda
- †School of Chemistry and ‡Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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25
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Anguera G, Kauffmann B, Borrell JI, Borrós S, Sánchez-García D. Quaterpyrroles as Building Blocks for the Synthesis of Expanded Porphyrins. Org Lett 2015; 17:2194-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Anguera
- Grup
d’Enginyeria dels Materials, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS and INSERM (UMS 3033/US
001), Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Escarpit, Pessac 33600, France
| | - José I. Borrell
- Grup
d’Enginyeria Molecular, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup
d’Enginyeria dels Materials, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-García
- Grup
d’Enginyeria dels Materials, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta, 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
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26
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Sarma T, Anusha PT, Pabbathi A, Venugopal Rao S, Panda PK. Naphthobipyrrole-Derived Sapphyrins: Rational Synthesis, Characterization, Nonlinear Optical Properties, and Excited-State Dynamics. Chemistry 2014; 20:15561-70. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Rath H, Mallick A, Ghosh T, Kalita A. Aromatic fused heterocyclic [22] macrocycles with NIR absorption. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:9094-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02749c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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28
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Karthik G, Srinivasan A, Chandrashekar TK. meso-Aryl Core-Modified Fused Sapphyrins: Syntheses and Structural Diversity. Org Lett 2014; 16:3472-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501395t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Karthik
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Institute of Physics Campus, Sainik School P.O. Bhubaneswar 751 005, Odisha, India
| | - A. Srinivasan
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Institute of Physics Campus, Sainik School P.O. Bhubaneswar 751 005, Odisha, India
| | - Tavarekere K. Chandrashekar
- School
of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Institute of Physics Campus, Sainik School P.O. Bhubaneswar 751 005, Odisha, India
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29
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Ou Z, Meng D, Yuan M, Huang W, Fang Y, Kadish KM. Deprotonation reactions and electrochemistry of substituted open-chain pentapyrroles and sapphyrins in basic nonaqueous media. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13646-57. [PMID: 24070157 DOI: 10.1021/jp408905a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties of three open-chain pentapyrroles and the corresponding sapphyrins were examined in pyridine containing 0.1 M tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate and dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) or benzonitrile (PhCN) containing tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH). The investigated compounds are represented as (Ar)4PPyH3 and (Ar)4SH3, where Ar is a F(-) or Cl(-) substituted phenyl group, PPy is a trianion of the open-chain pentapyrrole, and S is a trianion of the sapphyrin. The pentapyrroles, (Ar)4PPyH3, undergo two reversible one-electron reductions in pyridine, while the structurally related sapphyrins exhibit four reductions in this solvent, the first two of which are irreversible due to coupled chemical reactions following the electron transfers. Both series of neutral compounds could be deprotonated in CH2Cl2 or PhCN by addition of TBAOH to solution, and the progress of these reactions was monitored as a function of the base concentration by cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis spectroscopy. The neutral pentapyrroles were spectroscopically shown to undergo a loss of two protons in a single step to generate the [(Ar)4PPyH](2-) dianion while the sapphyrins could only be monodeprotonated, leading to formation of the [(Ar)4SH2](-) monoanion under the same solution conditions. The deprotonation constants were measured for each series of compounds in benzonitrile, and oxidation-reduction mechanisms are examined as a function of the solution 'basicity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongping Ou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang 212013, China
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30
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Yuan M, Ou Z, Fang Y, Huang S, Xue Z, Lu G, Kadish KM. Synthesis, Characterization, Protonation Reactions, and Electrochemistry of Substituted Open-Chain Pentapyrroles and Sapphyrins in Nonaqueous Media. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:6664-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4006955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
212013, China
| | - Zhongping Ou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
212013, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston,
Texas 77204-5003, United
States
| | - Shi Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
212013, China
| | - Zhaoli Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
212013, China
| | - Guifen Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang
212013, China
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston,
Texas 77204-5003, United
States
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31
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Masuda M, Maeda C. Synthesis and Characterization of Carbazole-Based Expanded Thiaporphyrins. Chemistry 2013; 19:2971-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Roznyatovskiy VV, Lee CH, Sessler JL. π-Extended isomeric and expanded porphyrins. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:1921-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35418g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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33
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Heteroporphyrins. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-396531-8.00002-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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34
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Sarma T, Panda PK. Cyclo[4]naphthobipyrroles: Naphthobipyrrole-Derived Cyclo[8]pyrroles with Strong Near-Infrared Absorptions. Chemistry 2011; 17:13987-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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35
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Roznyatovskiy VV, Lim JM, Lynch VM, Lee BS, Kim D, Sessler JL. π-Extension in Expanded Porphyrins: Cyclo[4]naphthobipyrrole. Org Lett 2011; 13:5620-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2023449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V. Roznyatovskiy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Jong Min Lim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Vincent M. Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Byung Sun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Dongho Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas, 78712, United States, and Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, South Korea
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36
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Expandierte Porphyrine: überraschende Strukturen, elektronische Eigenschaften und Reaktivitäten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201003909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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37
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Saito S, Osuka A. Expanded Porphyrins: Intriguing Structures, Electronic Properties, and Reactivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:4342-73. [PMID: 21491551 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201003909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 530] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University
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38
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Abstract
Naphthobipyrrole is a potentially useful building block for porphyrin and porphyrin analogue synthesis. Reported here is a simple, generalizable synthetic route to α-formylated, β-substituted naphthobipyrroles and their use in the preparation of binaphthoporphycenes. The resulting binaphthoporphycenes possess a planar geometry as determined via a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis; they also display absorption maxima that are bathochromically shifted compared to simple porphycenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Roznyatovskiy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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39
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40
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Sarma T, Panda PK, Anusha PT, Rao SV. Dinaphthoporphycenes: Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical Studies. Org Lett 2010; 13:188-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102378g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tridib Sarma
- School of Chemistry and Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - Pradeepta K. Panda
- School of Chemistry and Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - P. T. Anusha
- School of Chemistry and Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
| | - S. Venugopal Rao
- School of Chemistry and Advanced Centre of Research in High Energy Materials (ACRHEM), University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500 046, India
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41
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Ishida M, Karasawa S, Uno H, Tani F, Naruta Y. Protonation-Induced Formation of a Stable Singlet Biradicaloid Derived from a Modified Sapphyrin Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:5906-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200907350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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42
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Ishida M, Karasawa S, Uno H, Tani F, Naruta Y. Protonation-Induced Formation of a Stable Singlet Biradicaloid Derived from a Modified Sapphyrin Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200907350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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A theoretical investigation on the spectroscopic properties and photosensitizing capability of 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenylsapphyrin and 5, 10, 15, 20-tetraphenyl-26,28-diheterosapphyrins with two O, S, or Se Atoms. Theor Chem Acc 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-010-0735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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44
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Chandrashekar TK, Prabhuraja V, Gokulnath S, Sabarinathan R, Srinivasan A. Fused core-modified meso-aryl expanded porphyrins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:5915-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c000387e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Macrocyclic conjugation in N-fused porphyrins and related species. J Mol Model 2009; 15:1427-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-009-0508-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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Zhang Z, Ferrence GM, Lash TD. MacDonald-Type Reactions Using Bis-acrylaldehydes: Synthesis of an Expanded Sapphyrin and Vinylogous Hexaphyrins. Org Lett 2009; 11:1249-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ol802945s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160
| | - Gregory M. Ferrence
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160
| | - Timothy D. Lash
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790-4160
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47
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Cárdenas-Jirón GI, Venegas C, López R, Menéndez MI. Theoretical Insight into Pyrrole Inversion and Planarity in 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenylsapphyrin and 5,10,15,20-Tetraphenyl-26,28-Diheterosapphyrins with Two O, S, or Se Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:8100-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jp801368c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Inés Cárdenas-Jirón
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Carlos Venegas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M. Isabel Menéndez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Casilla 40, Correo 33, Santiago, Chile, and Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, C/ Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
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Cho DG, Plitt P, Kim SK, Lynch V, Hong SJ, Lee CH, Sessler JL. Dioxabenzosapphyrin: A New Benzodifuran-Derived Sapphyrin Analogue. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:10502-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja804090w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Patrick Plitt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Vincent Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Chang-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
| | - Jonathan L. Sessler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A5300, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, and Department of Chemistry and Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chun-Chon 200-701, Korea
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Wu D, Descalzo A, Weik F, Emmerling F, Shen Z, You XZ, Rurack K. Ein kernmodifiziertes Rubyrin mitmeso-Aryl-Subsituenten und Phenanthren-anellierten Pyrrolringen als hoch konjugierter NIR-Farbstoff und Hg2+-Sonde. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200702854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Wu D, Descalzo A, Weik F, Emmerling F, Shen Z, You XZ, Rurack K. A Core-Modified Rubyrin withmeso-Aryl Substituents and Phenanthrene-Fused Pyrrole Rings: A Highly Conjugated Near-Infrared Dye and Hg2+ Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:193-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200702854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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