1
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Dishi O, Rahav Y, Gidron O. π-Conjugated oligofuran macrocycles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:522-529. [PMID: 38109063 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05225g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article overviews a new class of π-conjugated materials - macrocyclic furans. Starting from their synthesis, we review their unique structural, optical and electronic properties, chemical reactivity, and potential application as synthons. Finally, we discuss the study of oligofuran macrocycles as a model system for exploring the concept of global aromaticity and the size limitation of Hückel's rule in neutral macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Or Dishi
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Yuval Rahav
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Ori Gidron
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
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2
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An D, Sun Y, Chang D, Zhu J, Chen S, Lu X. Naphthalimide-based conjugated macrocycles possessing tunable self-assembly and supramolecular binding behaviours. Front Chem 2022; 10:1094828. [PMID: 36605120 PMCID: PMC9807915 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1094828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The special geometric configurations and optoelectronic properties of p-conjugated macrocycles have always been the focus of materials science. The incorporation of building moieties with different features into macrocycles can not only change their geometric configurations, but also realize the regulation of intramolecular charge transfer, which is expected to bring unusual performance in supramolecular chemistry and optoelectronic devices. Herein, four novel p-conjugated macrocycles based on typical electron acceptor units naphthalimide (NMI) with aryl or alkyl substitutions were reported. The different substitutions on NMI had greatly affected the self-assembly behaviours of these macrocycles. Alkyl substituted NP2b and NP3b showed obvious self-aggregation in solution, while similiar phenomenon was not found in aryl substituted macrocycles NP2a and NP3a, which can be attributed to the steric hindrance caused by rigid aryl groups that could affect the aggregation of macrocycles in solution. In addition, all the macrocycles exhibited supramolecular encapsulation with C70, in which the larger macrocycles NP3a and NP3b with twisted geometries showed stronger binding affinity towards C70 than the corresponding small-size macrocycles NP2a and NP2b with near-planar geometries. Our studies have greatly extended the family of macrocycles based on NMI, pointing out the direction for further supramolecular studies and applications on p-conjugated macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue An
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yutao Sun
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Chang
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shumin Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Jingmen, China,*Correspondence: Shumin Chen, ; Xuefeng Lu,
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Department of Materials Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Shumin Chen, ; Xuefeng Lu,
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3
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Huijun Z, Jianbin L. Syntheses and Properties of Heteroatom-Doped Conjugated Nanohoops. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Wei Y, Yan Y, Li X, Xie L, Huang W. Covalent nanosynthesis of fluorene-based macrocycles and organic nanogrids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:73-97. [PMID: 34859249 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01558c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gridization is an alternative way to create macromolecules of various sizes in addition to linear and dendritic polymerization as well as cyclization. Organic nanogrids are an expanding family of macrocycle-like closed structures at the nanoscale, but with a series of well-defined extension edges and vertices. Cyclic nanogrids can be used as nanoscale building blocks for the fabrication of not only rotaxanes, catenanes, knots, 3D cages, but also nanopolymers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and complex molecular cross-scale architectures. In this review, the history of fluorene-based macrocycles has first been explored, followed by the development of the synthetic methodologies; in particular, fluorene-based nanogrids are highlighted owing to their features and applications. Typically, fluorenes are fused arenes with a hybrid entity between tetrahedral Csp3 and Csp2. Four ingenious connection modes of fluorene-based macrocycles, including 2,7-, 3,6-, 9,9-, and 2,9-linkages, fully demonstrate the geometric possibilities of the macrocycles and nanogrids. Such fluorene-based nanogrids will give birth to organic intelligence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wei
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yongxia Yan
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Linghai Xie
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- Centre for Molecular Systems and Organic Devices (CMSOD), State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China. .,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), MIIT Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLoFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
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5
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Sterzenbach C, Keller TJ, Kraus D, Lupton JM, Jester SS, Höger S. Expanded all-phenylene molecular spoked wheels: cutouts of graphenylene-3. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00876e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
All-phenylene molecular spoked wheels, cutouts of graphenylene-3, have been synthesized by intramolecular Yamamoto coupling of the respective dodecabromides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Sterzenbach
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tristan J. Keller
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Kraus
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - John M. Lupton
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefan-S. Jester
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Sugita H, Ohta Y, Yokozawa T. Synthesis of cyclic aromatic polymer containing thiophene or pyridine by means of unstoichiometric Suzuki‐Miyaura cyclic polycondensation: Effect of the position of bromine of heteroarylenes on cyclic polycondensation. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Sugita
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ohta
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yokozawa
- Department of Materials and Life ChemistryKanagawa University Kanagawa Yokohama Japan
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7
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Lucas F, Sicard L, Jeannin O, Rault-Berthelot J, Jacques E, Quinton C, Poriel C. [4]Cyclo-N-ethyl-2,7-carbazole: Synthesis, Structural, Electronic and Charge Transport Properties. Chemistry 2019; 25:7740-7748. [PMID: 30946486 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nanorings, which are macrocycles possessing radially directed π-orbitals have shown fantastic development in the last ten years. Unravelling their unusual electronic properties has been one of the driving forces of this research field. However, and despite promising properties, their incorporation in organic electronic devices remains very scarce. In this work, we aim to contribute to bridge the gap between organic electronics and nanorings by reporting the synthesis, the structural and electronic properties and the incorporation in an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) of a cyclic tetracarbazole, namely [4]cyclo-N-ethyl-2,7-carbazole ([4]C-Et-Cbz). The structural, photophysical and electrochemical properties have been compared to those of structurally related analogues [4]cyclo-9,9-diethyl-2,7-fluorene [4]C-diEt-F (with carbon bridges) and [8]-cycloparaphenylene [8]CPP (without any bridge) in order to shed light on the impact of the bridging in nanorings. This work shows that nanorings can be used as an active layer in an OFET and provides a first benchmark in term of OFET characteristics for this type of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Lucas
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR CNRS 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Lambert Sicard
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR CNRS 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Jeannin
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR CNRS 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | | | | | | | - Cyril Poriel
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR CNRS 6226, F-35000, Rennes, France
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8
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Abstract
Porphyrins are tetrapyrrolic aromatic macrocycles and ubiquitous in nature. They are excellent dyes with strong absorption in the visible region (400–700 nm) and they exhibit decent fluorescence in the red region (620–900 nm). Carbazole is a nitrogen-containing electron rich aromatic heterocycle which can be linked to porphyrins and other chromophores. This review provides an overview of the different synthetic strategies that have been employed to prepare carbazole-substituted porphyrins and carbazole-fused porphyrinoids and similar systems. It also shows that how the substitution of carbazole occurs on the porphyrin core can alter its optical and electronic features. Introduction of carbazole moieties in the porphyrin ring resulted in fused porphyrinoids with changed aromaticity and significantly altered electronic features of the molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Das
- The University of Burdwan, Rajbati, Bardhaman-713104, West Bengal, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, Palaj Campus, Gandhinagar-382355, Gujrat, India
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9
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Abstract
This Account is about templates as construction tools: molecules for making molecules. A template organizes the reactants and provides information to promote formation of a specific product, but it is not part of the final product. We have developed many different strategies for using oligopyridines as templates for the synthesis of alkyne-linked π-conjugated metalloporphyrin oligomers. These compounds include some of the largest macrocycles ever synthesized, such as a 50-porphyrin ring with a diameter of 21 nm containing a ring of 750 C-C bonds. Metalloporphyrins are excellent models for exploring template directed synthesis, as they can be functionalized in many different positions and the central metal (typically Zn or Mg) provides a handle for coordination to templates. Classical template-directed macrocyclization reactions have a 1:1 complementarity between the template and the product. This strategy works well for preparing nanorings of 5-7 porphyrin units, but larger templates are laborious to synthesize. Rings of 8 or more porphyrin units are most easily prepared using "nonclassical" strategies, in which several small templates work together to direct the formation of a large ring. In the Vernier approach, a mismatch between the number of binding sites on the template and the building block leads to a mathematical amplification of the length scale: the number of binding sites in the product is the lowest common multiple of those in the template and the building block. For example, a 40-porphyrin ring can be prepared by coupling a linear decamer in the presence of an octadentate template. Linear Vernier templating opens up intriguing possibilities for self-replication. When several small radial oligopyridine templates bind inside a large nanoring they can form complexes with some vacant coordination sites that display correlated motion like the caterpillar tracks of a bulldozer. These caterpillar track complexes can be used in template-directed synthesis and they provide the most convenient route to 8- and 10-porphyrin rings. Russian doll complexes provide another strategy for template-directed synthesis: a number of specifically designed ligands bind to a central nanoring to form a template for constructing a larger concentric nanoring. The same oligopyridine templates that are used to prepare nanorings can also be used to synthesize three-dimensional nanotubes and nanoballs. Again, nonclassical approaches, in which several small templates work together cooperatively, are much simpler than creating a single large template with sufficient binding sites to define the whole geometry of the product. Oligopyridine ligands can also be used as shadow mask templates to control the demetalation of magnesium porphyrin nanorings, because metal centers that are not coordinated by the template can be selectively demetalated with acid. Thus, the template forms a permanent shadow on the porphyrin nanostructure that remains after the template has been removed. Shadow mask templates provide a simple route to heterometalated molecular architectures. The insights emerging from these studies are widely applicable, and there are many opportunities for inventing new ways of using templates to control reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille S. Bols
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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10
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Hiraoka S. Unresolved Issues that Remain in Molecular Self-Assembly. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20180008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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11
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Zhu DJ, Ding W, Wang DH, Xue M, Yang Y. One-pot, highly efficient, cavity controllable synthesis and binding properties of carbazole-based macrocycles with sulfonamide linkages. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00538a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of carbazole-based sulfonamide macrocycle was synthesized efficiently in one single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Jie Zhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Wen Ding
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Dong-Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Min Xue
- Department of Physics
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
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12
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Zhang R, Lyu G, Li DY, Liu PN, Lin N. Template-controlled Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions on a Au(111) surface. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1731-1734. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc10091k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We employed three metal-coordination structures as templates to control the Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions on a Au(111) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhang
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- China
| | - Guoqing Lyu
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- China
| | - Deng Yuan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Pei Nian Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry and Institute of Fine Chemicals
- East China University of Science and Technology
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Nian Lin
- Department of Physics
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
- Clear Water Bay
- China
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13
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Stępień M, Gońka E, Żyła M, Sprutta N. Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications. Chem Rev 2016; 117:3479-3716. [PMID: 27258218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 861] [Impact Index Per Article: 107.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Gońka
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marika Żyła
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Natasza Sprutta
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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14
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Kuroda Y, Sakamoto Y, Suzuki T, Kayahara E, Yamago S. Tetracyclo(2,7-carbazole)s: Diatropicity and Paratropicity of Inner Regions of Nanohoops. J Org Chem 2016; 81:3356-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kuroda
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Youichi Sakamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Suzuki
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Eiichi Kayahara
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamago
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
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15
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Lee S, Hirsch BE, Liu Y, Dobscha JR, Burke DW, Tait SL, Flood AH. Multifunctional Tricarbazolo Triazolophane Macrocycles: One-Pot Preparation, Anion Binding, and Hierarchical Self-Organization of Multilayers. Chemistry 2015; 22:560-9. [PMID: 26593327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Programming the synthesis and self-assembly of molecules is a compelling strategy for the bottom-up fabrication of ordered materials. To this end, shape-persistent macrocycles were designed with alternating carbazoles and triazoles to program a one-pot synthesis and to bind large anions. The macrocycles bind anions that were once considered too weak to be coordinated, such as PF6 (-) , with surprisingly high affinities (β2 =10(11) M(-2) in 80:20 chloroform/methanol) and positive cooperativity, α=(4 K2 /K1 )=1200. We also discovered that the macrocycles assemble into ultrathin films of hierarchically ordered tubes on graphite surfaces. The remarkable surface-templated self-assembly properties, as was observed by using scanning tunneling microscopy, are attributed to the complementary pairing of alternating triazoles and carbazoles inscribed into both the co-facial and edge-sharing seams that exist between shape-persistent macrocycles. The multilayer assembly is also consistent with the high degree of molecular self-association observed in solution, with self-association constants of K=300 000 M(-1) (chloroform/methanol 80:20). Scanning tunneling microscopy data also showed that surface assemblies readily sequester iodide anions from solution, modulating their assembly. This multifunctional macrocycle provides a foundation for materials composed of hierarchically organized and nanotubular self-assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA).,Current Address: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 405 N Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 (USA)
| | - Brandon E Hirsch
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - James R Dobscha
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - David W Burke
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Steven L Tait
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
| | - Amar H Flood
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405 (USA)
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16
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Chen Q, Trinh MT, Paley DW, Preefer MB, Zhu H, Fowler BS, Zhu XY, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C. Strain-induced stereoselective formation of blue-emitting cyclostilbenes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12282-8. [PMID: 26373838 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe the synthesis of two conjugated macrocycles that are formed from the end-to-end linking of stilbenes. We have named these macrocycles cyclostilbenes. The two cyclostilbene isomers created in this study differ in the configuration of the double bond in their subunits. These macrocycles are formed selectively through a stepwise reductive elimination from a tetraplatinum precursor and subsequent photoisomerization. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals the formation of channel architectures in the solid state that can be filled with guest molecules. The cyclostilbene macrocycles emit blue light with fluorescence quantum yields that are high (>50%) and have photoluminescence lifetimes of ∼0.8-1.5 ns. The breadth and large Stokes shift in fluorescence emission, along with broad excited-state absorption, result from strong electronic-vibronic coupling in the strained structures of the cyclostilbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - M Tuan Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Daniel W Paley
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Molleigh B Preefer
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Haiming Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Brandon S Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - X-Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Michael L Steigerwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Colin Nuckolls
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University , New York, New York 10027, United States
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17
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Fan WJ, Sun B, Ma J, Li X, Tan H, Xu L. Coordination-Driven Self-Assembly of Carbazole-Based Metallodendrimers with Generation-Dependent Aggregation-Induced Emission Behavior. Chemistry 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201501282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Baba A, Kojima T, Hiraoka S. Self-Assembly Process of Dodecanuclear Pt(II)-Linked Cyclic Hexagon. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:7664-7. [PMID: 26038883 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b04852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembly process of a Pt(II)-linked hexagonal macrocycle consisting of six linear dinuclear Pt(II) units and six organic ditopic bent ligands was investigated. The process was monitored by (1)H NMR, and the intermediates in the self-assembly were analyzed by the n-k analysis. It was found that a 1:2 complex of a dinuclear Pt(II) unit and an organic ditopic ligand was exclusively observed as an intermediate with a certain lifetime and that the reaction of the 1:2 complex is the rate-determining step in the supramolecular macrocycle formation. The key 1:2 complex was unambiguously characterized by (1)H and DOSY NMR and ESI-TOF mass measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Baba
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kojima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
| | - Shuichi Hiraoka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902 Japan
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19
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Myśliwiec D, Lis T, Gregoliński J, Stępień M. Stereoselective Wittig Olefination as a Macrocyclization Tool. Synthesis of Large Carbazolophanes. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6300-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Myśliwiec
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul.
F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Lis
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul.
F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Janusz Gregoliński
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul.
F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, ul.
F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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20
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Myśliwiec D, Kondratowicz M, Lis T, Chmielewski PJ, Stępień M. Highly strained nonclassical nanotube end-caps. A single-step solution synthesis from strain-free, non-macrocyclic precursors. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:1643-9. [PMID: 25539744 DOI: 10.1021/ja511951x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Nonclassical nanotube end-caps have been constructed from strain-free heterocyclic precursors using a one-step synthetic procedure, involving multiple nickel-mediated Ullmann couplings. These systems consist of tubular macrocyclic sections that are tightly capped on one side with a bridging benzene ring, forming deep, chemically accessible cavities. The end-caps are characterized by exceptionally high internal strain energies reaching 144 kcal/mol. The optical absorption and emission properties of these molecules show a marked dependence on conjugation length and geometrical factors. The mechanism of end-cap formation, investigated using DFT calculations, relies on precise timing of transmetalation and reductive elimination events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Myśliwiec
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet Wrocławski , ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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21
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Kondratuk DV, Sprafke JK, O'Sullivan MC, Perdigao LMA, Saywell A, Malfois M, O'Shea JN, Beton PH, Thompson AL, Anderson HL. Vernier-templated synthesis, crystal structure, and supramolecular chemistry of a 12-porphyrin nanoring. Chemistry 2014; 20:12826-34. [PMID: 25154736 PMCID: PMC4517159 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vernier templating exploits a mismatch between the number of binding sites in a template and a reactant to direct the formation of a product that is large enough to bind several template units. Here, we present a detailed study of the Vernier-templated synthesis of a 12-porphyrin nanoring. NMR and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analyses show that Vernier complexes are formed as intermediates in the cyclo-oligomerization reaction. UV/Vis/NIR titrations show that the three-component assembly of the 12-porphyrin nanoring figure-of-eight template complex displays high allosteric cooperativity and chelate cooperativity. This nanoring–template 1:2 complex is among the largest synthetic molecules to have been characterized by single-crystal analysis. It crystallizes as a racemate, with an angle of 27° between the planes of the two template units. The crystal structure reveals many unexpected intramolecular C–H⋅⋅⋅N contacts involving the tert-butyl side chains. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments show that molecules of the 12-porphyrin template complex can remain intact on the gold surface, although the majority of the material unfolds into the free nanoring during electrospray deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry V Kondratuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Oxford, OX1 3TA (UK)
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22
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Gao Y, He T, Hu P, Koh TM, Sun H, Grimsdale AC. Influence of H-Bonding on Self-Assembly and Tunable Dual-Emission of Carbazole-Based Zn(II)-Terpyridine Metallocycles. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Tingchao He
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Teck Ming Koh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Handong Sun
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Andrew C. Grimsdale
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanyang Technological University; 50 Nanyang Avenue Singapore 639798 Singapore
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23
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Iyoda M, Tanaka K, Shimizu H, Hasegawa M, Nishinaga T, Nishiuchi T, Kunugi Y, Ishida T, Otani H, Sato H, Inukai K, Tahara K, Tobe Y. Multifunctional π-expanded macrocyclic oligothiophene 6-mers and related macrocyclic oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:2389-96. [PMID: 24428352 DOI: 10.1021/ja4101744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional π-expanded macrocyclic oligothiophene 6-mer 1, as well as 9- (2) and 12-mers (3), was synthesized using a McMurry coupling reaction as the key step. The 6-mer 1 was converted to cyclo[6](2,5-thienylene-ethynylene) (4) by using a bromination-dehydrobromination procedure. From X-ray analysis, the crystal structures of nonplanar 1 and round-shaped 2 and 4 were elucidated. STM showed that 4 formed a self-assembled monolayer at the liquid/solid interface to produce a hexagonal porous network. Chemical oxidation of 1, 2, and 4 with 1 and 2 equiv of Fe(ClO4)3 produced 1(•+) and 1(2+), 2(•+) and 2(2+), and 4(•+) and 4(2+), respectively. Although oligothiophene radical cations containing β,β-disubstituted thiophenes usually do not form π-dimers, 4(•+) clearly formed a π-dimer owing to its planar, round shape. As for the dications of 1, 2, and 4, 1(2+), which has 34π-electrons, exhibited a large diatropic ring current effect, whereas 34π dication 4(2+) only showed a medium diatropic ring current effect. In contrast to 1(2+) and 4(2+), 52π dication 2(2+) had biradical cationic character instead of Hückel-type cyclic conjugation. Interestingly, 6-mer 1 showed polymorphism and unusual melting point behavior due to the number of stable conformations in the solid state. Single crystals of 1 melted at 176 °C, whereas an amorphous film of 1 crystallized in the temperature range of 80-83 °C to form a lamellarly stacked microcrystalline film, which melted at 139 °C. The polymorphism of 1 was applied to either fluorescence switching or switching of field effect transistor (FET) activity and electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Iyoda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University , Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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24
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Riaz U, Ashraf SM, Madan A. Effect of microwave irradiation time and temperature on the spectroscopic and morphological properties of nanostructured poly(carbazole) synthesized within bentonite clay galleries. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polycarbazole chains form loops which extend into spirals within the clay galleries. These spirals reorganize into spheres, when extracted from clay galleries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufana Riaz
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)
- New Delhi-110025, India
| | - S. M. Ashraf
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)
- New Delhi-110025, India
| | - Ashima Madan
- Materials Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University)
- New Delhi-110025, India
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25
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26
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Fluctuating exciton localization in giant π-conjugated spoked-wheel macrocycles. Nat Chem 2013; 5:964-70. [DOI: 10.1038/nchem.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Schlütter F, Rossel F, Kivala M, Enkelmann V, Gisselbrecht JP, Ruffieux P, Fasel R, Müllen K. π-Conjugated Heterotriangulene Macrocycles by Solution and Surface-supported Synthesis toward Honeycomb Networks. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:4550-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja400857g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schlütter
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Frédéric Rossel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Nanotech@surfaces
Laboratory, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Milan Kivala
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Volker Enkelmann
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz,
Germany
| | - Jean-Paul Gisselbrecht
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie
et de Chimie Physique du Corps Solide, Institut de Chimie - UMR 7177,
C.N.R.S. Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Ruffieux
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Nanotech@surfaces
Laboratory, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
| | - Roman Fasel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Nanotech@surfaces
Laboratory, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland
- Departement für Chemie und
Biochemie, Universität Bern, Freiestraße
3, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz,
Germany
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28
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Aggarwal AV, Jester SS, Taheri SM, Förster S, Höger S. Molecular Spoked Wheels: Synthesis and Self-Assembly Studies on Rigid Nanoscale 2D Objects. Chemistry 2013; 19:4480-95. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Dutta T, Che Y, Zhong H, Laity JH, Dusevich V, Murowchick JB, Zang L, Peng Z. Synthesis and self-assembly of triphenylene-containing conjugated macrocycles. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23421e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Nishiuchi T, Feng X, Enkelmann V, Wagner M, Müllen K. Three-Dimensionally Arranged Cyclicp-Hexaphenylbenzene: Toward a Bottom-Up Synthesis of Size-Defined Carbon Nanotubes. Chemistry 2012; 18:16621-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Manickam M, Iqbal P, Belloni M, Kumar S, Preece JA. A Brief Review of Carbazole-Based Photorefractive Liquid Crystalline Materials. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Kondratuk DV, Perdigao LMA, O'Sullivan MC, Svatek S, Smith G, O'Shea JN, Beton PH, Anderson HL. Two Vernier-Templated Routes to a 24-Porphyrin Nanoring. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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33
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Kondratuk DV, Perdigao LMA, O'Sullivan MC, Svatek S, Smith G, O'Shea JN, Beton PH, Anderson HL. Two Vernier-Templated Routes to a 24-Porphyrin Nanoring. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:6696-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Ide T, Takeuchi D, Osakada K. Columnar self-assembly of rhomboid macrocyclic molecules via step-like intermolecular interaction. Crystal formation and gelation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:278-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc15311k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Segawa Y, Fukazawa A, Matsuura S, Omachi H, Yamaguchi S, Irle S, Itami K. Combined experimental and theoretical studies on the photophysical properties of cycloparaphenylenes. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5979-84. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25199j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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36
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Mena-Osteritz E, Zhang F, Götz G, Reineker P, Bäuerle P. Optical properties of fully conjugated cyclo[n]thiophenes - An experimental and theoretical approach. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 2:720-726. [PMID: 22259753 PMCID: PMC3257495 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.2.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties of two series of fully conjugated cyclo[n]thiophenes were analyzed experimentally and theoretically. The absorption spectra reveal a shift to higher wavelengths with increasing size of the cycles, which can be successfully described by an excitonic approach based on a Frenkel exciton Hamiltonian. Furthermore, intriguing new bands in the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the smaller macrocycles disclose the dominance of their ring strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Mena-Osteritz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Günther Götz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Reineker
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Bäuerle
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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37
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Sprafke JK, Kondratuk DV, Wykes M, Thompson AL, Hoffmann M, Drevinskas R, Chen WH, Yong CK, Kärnbratt J, Bullock JE, Malfois M, Wasielewski MR, Albinsson B, Herz LM, Zigmantas D, Beljonne D, Anderson HL. Belt-Shaped π-Systems: Relating Geometry to Electronic Structure in a Six-Porphyrin Nanoring. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:17262-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2045919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes K. Sprafke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Dmitry V. Kondratuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Wykes
- Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Rokas Drevinskas
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Chaw Keong Yong
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Joakim Kärnbratt
- Department of Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 3, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joseph E. Bullock
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Marc Malfois
- Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, United Kingdom
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne−Northwestern Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Bo Albinsson
- Department of Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 3, SE-41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Laura M. Herz
- Clarendon Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - Donatas Zigmantas
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Beljonne
- Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Harry L. Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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38
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Iyoda M, Yamakawa J, Rahman MJ. Conjugated Macrocycles: Concepts and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:10522-53. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201006198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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39
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, P.O. Box 3148, Mainz, Germany
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40
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Wang JL, Li X, Lu X, Hsieh IF, Cao Y, Moorefield CN, Wesdemiotis C, Cheng SZD, Newkome GR. Stoichiometric Self-Assembly of Shape-Persistent 2D Complexes: A Facile Route to a Symmetric Supramacromolecular Spoked Wheel. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11450-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja203645m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Liang Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Xiaocun Lu
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - I-Fan Hsieh
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Charles N. Moorefield
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - George R. Newkome
- Department of Polymer Science and ‡Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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41
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Omachi H, Segawa Y, Itami K. Synthesis and Racemization Process of Chiral Carbon Nanorings: A Step toward the Chemical Synthesis of Chiral Carbon Nanotubes. Org Lett 2011; 13:2480-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol200730m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Omachi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Segawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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42
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Segawa Y, Miyamoto S, Omachi H, Matsuura S, Šenel P, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N, Itami K. Concise Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [12]Cycloparaphenylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:3244-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201007232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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43
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Segawa Y, Miyamoto S, Omachi H, Matsuura S, Šenel P, Sasamori T, Tokitoh N, Itami K. Concise Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [12]Cycloparaphenylene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201007232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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44
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Vernier templating and synthesis of a 12-porphyrin nano-ring. Nature 2011; 469:72-5. [DOI: 10.1038/nature09683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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Huang K, Yu DG, Zheng SF, Wu ZH, Shi ZJ. Borylation of Aryl and Alkenyl Carbamates through Ni-Catalyzed CO Activation. Chemistry 2010; 17:786-91. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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Norouzi-Arasi H, Pisula W, Mavrinskiy A, Feng X, Müllen K. Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Macrocyclic Mesogens Based on 1,10-Phenanthroline. Chem Asian J 2010; 6:367-71. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201000642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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47
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Huang W, Wang M, Du C, Chen Y, Qin R, Su L, Zhang C, Liu Z, Li C, Bo Z. Synthesis of Shape‐Persistent Macrocycles by a One‐Pot Suzuki–Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2010; 17:440-4. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Huang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Ming Wang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Chun Du
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Yulan Chen
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Ruiping Qin
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐62206891
| | - Linjie Su
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Chi Zhang
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
| | - Zhengping Liu
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐62206891
| | - Cuihong Li
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐62206891
| | - Zhishan Bo
- Institute of Chemistry CAS, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐82618587
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 10‐62206891
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Omachi H, Matsuura S, Segawa Y, Itami K. A Modular and Size-Selective Synthesis of [n]Cycloparaphenylenes: A Step toward the Selective Synthesis of [n,n] Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:10202-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Omachi H, Matsuura S, Segawa Y, Itami K. A Modular and Size-Selective Synthesis of [n]Cycloparaphenylenes: A Step toward the Selective Synthesis of [n,n] Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vehoff T, Baumeier B, Andrienko D. Charge transport in columnar mesophases of carbazole macrocycles. J Chem Phys 2010; 133:134901. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3501360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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