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Wagh SB, Maslivetc VA, La Clair JJ, Kornienko A. Lessons in Organic Fluorescent Probe Discovery. Chembiochem 2021; 22:3109-3139. [PMID: 34062039 PMCID: PMC8595615 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes have gained profound use in biotechnology, drug discovery, medical diagnostics, molecular and cell biology. The development of methods for the translation of fluorophores into fluorescent probes continues to be a robust field for medicinal chemists and chemical biologists, alike. Access to new experimental designs has enabled molecular diversification and led to the identification of new approaches to probe discovery. This review provides a synopsis of the recent lessons in modern fluorescent probe discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin B Wagh
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, USA
| | - Vladimir A Maslivetc
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, USA
| | - James J La Clair
- Xenobe Research Institute, P. O. Box 3052, San Diego, CA, 92163-1062, USA
| | - Alexander Kornienko
- The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas State University, San Marcos, USA
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2
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Hiller NDJ, do Amaral e Silva NA, Tavares TA, Faria RX, Eberlin MN, de Luna Martins D. Arylboronic Acids and their Myriad of Applications Beyond Organic Synthesis. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi de Jesus Hiller
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Nayane Abreu do Amaral e Silva
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Thais Apolinário Tavares
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
| | - Robson Xavier Faria
- Laboratório de Toxoplasmose e outras Protozooses; Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz; Av. Brasil, 4365 Manguinhos Rio de Janeiro RJ 21040-360 Brasil
| | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- Mackenzie Presbyterian University; School of Engineering; Rua da Consolação, 930 SP 01302-907 São Paulo Brasil
| | - Daniela de Luna Martins
- Instituto de Química; Laboratório de Catálise e Síntese (Lab CSI); Laboratório 413; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro de São João Batista s/n; Campus do Valonguinho, Centro Niterói RJ 24020-141 Brasil
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3
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Wang YT, Wu N, Yang T, Wang JH. Unusual Selective Response to Glycoprotein over Sugar Facilitates Ultrafast Universal Fluorescent Immunoassay of Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5540-5545. [PMID: 32141734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is widely used in clinical diagnostics. However, conventional ELISA is labor-intensive and lengthy. Herein, the sensitive detection of biomarkers with only one-step incubation of 20 min is demonstrated, based on antibody-fused, boronic-acid-decorated carbon nitride nanosheets. The decoration of carbon nitride nanosheets with boronic acid facilitates antibody binding at physiological conditions along with a concomitant fluorescence enhancement. The presence of target antigen results in a decrement of the fluorescence and ensures one-step immunofluorescent detection. The immune recognition of the antibody/target antigen in combination with glucose blocking ensures a highly selective assay of the biomarkers. The protocol is validated by the assay of nonglycoprotein, glycoprotein, and small-molecular-toxin targets. The multiplex target detection capability is demonstrated by the simultaneous assay of the triple cardiac biomarker cTnI, Mb, and CK-MB in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Na Wu
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang 110819, China
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4
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Vrbata D, Ďorďovič V, Seitsonen J, Ruokolainen J, Janoušková O, Uchman M, Matějíček P. Preparation of membrane-mimicking lamellar structures by molecular confinement of hybrid nanocomposites. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2900-2903. [PMID: 30698594 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09399g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid nanocomposites are multiphase systems with a wide range of applications. Some nanocomposites are water insoluble thereby preventing several applications. Thus, we prepared telechelic PEO with glucose molecules to form water-soluble lamellar nanostructures by co-assembly with metallacarborane. The lamellas formed by PEO/metallacarborane decorated by glucose molecules on the surface can serve as delivery agents for boron clusters and benzoxaboroles.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Vrbata
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 2030, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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5
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Stine KJ. Application of Porous Materials to Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycoscience. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 2017; 74:61-136. [PMID: 29173727 DOI: 10.1016/bs.accb.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in using a range of porous materials to meet research needs in carbohydrate chemistry and glycoscience in general. Among the applications of porous materials reviewed in this chapter, enrichment of glycans from biological samples prior to separation and analysis by mass spectrometry is a major emphasis. Porous materials offer high surface area, adjustable pore sizes, and tunable surface chemistry for interacting with glycans, by boronate affinity, hydrophilic interactions, molecular imprinting, and polar interactions. Among the materials covered in this review are mesoporous silica and related materials, porous graphitic carbon, mesoporous carbon, porous polymers, and nanoporous gold. In some applications, glycans are enzymatically or chemically released from glycoproteins or glycopeptides, and the porous materials have the advantage of size selectivity admitting only the glycans into the pores and excluding proteins. Immobilization of lectins onto porous materials of suitable pore size allows for the use of lectin-carbohydrate interactions in capture or separation of glycoproteins. Porous material surfaces modified with carbohydrates can be used for the selective capture of lectins. Controlled release of therapeutics from porous materials mediated by glycans has been reported, and so has therapeutic targeting using carbohydrate-modified porous particles. Additional applications of porous materials in glycoscience include their use in the supported synthesis of oligosaccharides and in the development of biosensors for glycans.
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6
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Togashi M, Terai T, Kojima H, Hanaoka K, Igarashi K, Hirata Y, Urano Y, Nagano T. Practical fluorescence detection of acrolein in human plasma via a two-step tethering approach. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 50:14946-8. [PMID: 24944098 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc02578d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein, a cytotoxic α,β-unsaturated aldehyde and disease biomarker, was determined in plasma by means of a novel tethering strategy using Michael addition of the compound to a fluorescent dye, followed by immobilization of the product on microbeads via the aldehyde moiety. Elevation of blood acrolein was detected in mice treated with an anticancer agent cyclophosphamide, which releases acrolein upon activation. This method should be suitable for high-throughput diagnostic and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Togashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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7
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Adamczyk-Woźniak A, Borys KM, Sporzyński A. Recent Developments in the Chemistry and Biological Applications of Benzoxaboroles. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5224-47. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500642d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Krzysztof M. Borys
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sporzyński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Tony D. James
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
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9
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Chaudhary PM, Murthy RV, Yadav R, Kikkeri R. A rationally designed peptidomimetic biosensor for sialic acid on cell surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8112-5. [PMID: 25868668 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01662b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed peptidomimetic sialic acid (Sia) biosensors using boronic acid and arginine groups on the peptide backbone. The designed peptides were conjugated to fluorescent streptavidin via biotin enabling the optical labeling of cells. This approach provides unique opportunities to detect Sia composition on the cell surfaces and filopodia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Madhukar Chaudhary
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabbha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, India.
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10
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Adak AK, Li BY, Huang LD, Lin TW, Chang TC, Hwang KC, Lin CC. Fabrication of antibody microarrays by light-induced covalent and oriented immobilization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:10452-10460. [PMID: 24903424 DOI: 10.1021/am502011r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibody microarrays have important applications for the sensitive detection of biologically important target molecules and as biosensors for clinical applications. Microarrays produced by oriented immobilization of antibodies generally have higher antigen-binding capacities than those in which antibodies are immobilized with random orientations. Here, we present a UV photo-cross-linking approach that utilizes boronic acid to achieve oriented immobilization of an antibody on a surface while retaining the antigen-binding activity of the immobilized antibody. A photoactive boronic acid probe was designed and synthesized in which boronic acid provided good affinity and specificity for the recognition of glycan chains on the Fc region of the antibody, enabling covalent tethering to the antibody upon exposure to UV light. Once irradiated with optimal UV exposure (16 mW/cm(2)), significant antibody immobilization on a boronic acid-presenting surface with maximal antigen detection sensitivity in a single step was achieved, thus obviating the necessity of prior antibody modifications. The developed approach is highly modular, as demonstrated by its implementation in sensitive sandwich immunoassays for the protein analytes Ricinus communis agglutinin 120, human prostate-specific antigen, and interleukin-6 with limits of detection of 7.4, 29, and 16 pM, respectively. Furthermore, the present system enabled the detection of multiple analytes in samples without any noticeable cross-reactivities. Antibody coupling via the use of boronic acid and UV light represents a practical, oriented immobilization method with significant implications for the construction of a large array of immunosensors for diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit K Adak
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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11
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Liu L, Xing Y, Zhang H, Liu R, Liu H, Xia N. Amplified voltammetric detection of glycoproteins using 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid/biotin-modified multifunctional gold nanoparticles as labels. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2619-26. [PMID: 24920899 PMCID: PMC4043723 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s62343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers is essential for early diagnosis and therapy of many diseases. Glycoproteins, differing from other types of proteins, contain carbohydrate moieties in the oligosaccharide chains. Boronic acid can form boronate ester covalent bonds with diol-containing species. Herein, we present a sensitive and cost-effective electrochemical method for glycoprotein detection using 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (MBA)/biotin-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) (MBA-biotin-AuNPs) as labels. To demonstrate the feasibility and sensitivity of this method, recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) was tested as a model analyte. Specifically, rHuEPO was captured by the anti-rHuEPO aptamer-covered electrode and then derivatized with MBA-biotin-AuNPs through the boronic acid-carbohydrate interaction. The MBA-biotin-AuNPs facilitated the attachment of streptavidin-conjugated alkaline phosphatase for the production of electroactive p-aminophenol from p-aminophenyl phosphate substrate. A detection limit of 8 fmol L(-1) for rHuEPO detection was achieved. Other glycosylated and non-glycosylated proteins, such as horseradish peroxidase, prostate specific antigen, metallothionein, streptavidin, and thrombin showed no interference in the detection assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China ; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruili Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, Henan, People's Republic of China ; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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12
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Li J, Chen L, Du L, Li M. Cage the firefly luciferin! – a strategy for developing bioluminescent probes. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:662-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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13
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14
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Kung KKY, Li GL, Zou L, Chong HC, Leung YC, Wong KH, Lo VKY, Che CM, Wong MK. Gold-mediated bifunctional modification of oligosaccharidesvia a three-component coupling reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:925-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06429k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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15
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Ma X, Yang Z, Wang X, Roesky HW, Wu F, Zhu H. Synthesis of Boroxine-Linked Aluminum Complexes. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:2010-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1022906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xiujuan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Herbert W. Roesky
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Environment, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Hongping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, National Engineering Laboratory for Green Chemical Productions of Alcohols-Ethers-Esters, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P. R. China
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16
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Hsiao HY, Chen ML, Wu HT, Huang LD, Chien WT, Yu CC, Jan FD, Sahabuddin S, Chang TC, Lin CC. Fabrication of carbohydrate microarrays through boronate formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 47:1187-9. [PMID: 21109869 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03816d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward method for fabricating a stable and covalent carbohydrate microarray based on boronate formation between the hydroxyl groups of carbohydrate and boronic acid (BA) on the glass surface was used to identify carbohydrate-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Yi Hsiao
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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17
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Vives G, Guerrero JM, Godoy J, Khatua S, Wang YP, Kiappes JL, Link S, Tour JM. Synthesis of Fluorescent Dye-Tagged Nanomachines for Single-Molecule Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Org Chem 2010; 75:6631-43. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101468u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Vives
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Jason M. Guerrero
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Jazmin Godoy
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Saumyakanti Khatua
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Yu-Pu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - J. L. Kiappes
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
| | - James M. Tour
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, The Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, MS 222, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005
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18
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Jay JI, Lai BE, Myszka DG, Mahalingam A, Langheinrich K, Katz DF, Kiser PF. Multivalent benzoboroxole functionalized polymers as gp120 glycan targeted microbicide entry inhibitors. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:116-29. [PMID: 20014858 DOI: 10.1021/mp900159n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbicides are women-controlled prophylactics for sexually transmitted infections. The most important class of microbicides target HIV-1 and contain antiviral agents formulated for topical vaginal delivery. Identification of new viral entry inhibitors that target the HIV-1 envelope is important because they can inactivate HIV-1 in the vaginal lumen before virions can come in contact with CD4+ cells in the vaginal mucosa. Carbohydrate binding agents (CBAs) demonstrate the ability to act as entry inhibitors due to their ability to bind to glycans and prevent gp120 binding to CD4+ cells. However, as proteins they present significant challenges in regard to economical production and formulation for resource-poor environments. We have synthesized water-soluble polymer CBAs that contain multiple benzoboroxole moieties. A benzoboroxole-functionalized monomer was synthesized and incorporated into linear oligomers with 2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide (HPMAm) at different feed ratios using free radical polymerization. The benzoboroxole small molecule analogue demonstrated weak affinity for HIV-1BaL gp120 by SPR; however, the 25 mol % functionalized benzoboroxole oligomer demonstrated a 10-fold decrease in the K(D) for gp120, suggesting an increased avidity for the multivalent polymer construct. High molecular weight polymers functionalized with 25, 50, and 75 mol % benzoboroxole were synthesized and tested for their ability to neutralize HIV-1 entry for two HIV-1 clades and both R5 and X4 coreceptor tropism. All three polymers demonstrated activity against all viral strains tested with EC(50)s that decrease from 15000 nM (1500 microg mL(-1)) for the 25 mol % functionalized polymers to 11 nM (1 microg mL(-1)) for the 75 mol % benzoboroxole-functionalized polymers. These polymers exhibited minimal cytotoxicity after 24 h exposure to a human vaginal cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie I Jay
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5820, USA
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19
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Jin S, Cheng Y, Reid S, Li M, Wang B. Carbohydrate recognition by boronolectins, small molecules, and lectins. Med Res Rev 2010; 30:171-257. [PMID: 19291708 PMCID: PMC2829346 DOI: 10.1002/med.20155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are known to mediate a large number of biological and pathological events. Small and macromolecules capable of carbohydrate recognition have great potentials as research tools, diagnostics, vectors for targeted delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents, and therapeutic agents. However, this potential is far from being realized. One key issue is the difficulty in the development of "binders" capable of specific recognition of carbohydrates of biological relevance. This review discusses systematically the general approaches that are available in developing carbohydrate sensors and "binders/receptors," and their applications. The focus is on discoveries during the last 5 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
| | - Yunfeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
| | - Suazette Reid
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
| | - Minyong Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Biotechnology and Drug Design, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
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20
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Cheng Y, Li M, Wang S, Peng H, Reid S, Ni N, Fang H, Xu W, Wang B. Carbohydrate biomarkers for future disease detection and treatment. Sci China Chem 2010; 53:3-20. [PMID: 32214994 PMCID: PMC7089153 DOI: 10.1007/s11426-010-0021-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2009] [Accepted: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are considered as one of the most important classes of biomarkers for cell types, disease states, protein functions, and developmental states. Carbohydrate "binders" that can specifically recognize a carbohydrate biomarker can be used for developing novel types of site specific delivery methods and imaging agents. In this review, we present selected examples of important carbohydrate biomarkers and how they can be targeted for the development of therapeutic and diagnostic agents. Examples are arranged based on disease categories including (1) infectious diseases, (2) cancer, (3) inflammation and immune responses, (4) signal transduction, (5) stem cell transformation, (6) embryo development, and (7) cardiovascular diseases, though some issues cross therapeutic boundaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- YunFeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - MinYong Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - ShaoRu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - HanJing Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Suazette Reid
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - NanTing Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - WenFang Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012 China
| | - BingHe Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
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21
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Lin PC, Chen SH, Wang KY, Chen ML, Adak AK, Hwu JRR, Chen YJ, Lin CC. Fabrication of oriented antibody-conjugated magnetic nanoprobes and their immunoaffinity application. Anal Chem 2010; 81:8774-82. [PMID: 19874051 DOI: 10.1021/ac9012122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to fabricate highly active immunoprobes for serum biomarker detection, we report a simple and effective method for site-specific and self-oriented immobilization of antibodies on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). Through boronate formation, the carbohydrate moiety within the constant domain, Fc, of the antibody can be specifically and covalently linked to a boronic acid-functionalized MNP (BA@MNP) without hindering the antigen binding domain, Fab. The performance was evaluated by immunoaffinity extraction of multiple serum antigens. Compared with the random immobilization of antibody on a MNP, the antibody self-oriented immunoprobe provides long-term stability (>2 months) and 5-fold extraction efficiency. It also provides 5-fold improved sensitivity at a low nM range (0.4 nM), presumably through enhanced antibody@MNP activity. In addition, false-positive detections arising from nonspecific binding can be completely minimized by effective surface protection using concentration-dependent dextran blocking. Compared with conventional antibody site-specific immobilization through protein G, this new BA-mediated covalent antibody immobilization provides interference-free extraction resulting from noncovalent immobilization of antibody by protein G. The new immunoassay was applied in comparative profiling of serum amyloid P (SAP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in human serum. Our triple immunoassay revealed a distinct pattern among normal patients, patients with cancer, and patients with cardiovascular disease. Using the previously reported quantization capability of the MALDI MS readout, we expect that this site-specific immunonanoprobe-based immunoassay can be highly active, rapid, and accurate in nanodiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chiao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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22
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Jin S, Zhu C, Cheng Y, Li M, Wang B. Synthesis and carbohydrate binding studies of fluorescent alpha-amidoboronic acids and the corresponding bisboronic acids. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1449-55. [PMID: 20129789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent boronic acids are very useful for the design and synthesis of carbohydrate sensors. In an earlier communication, we first described the effort of developing water soluble fluorescent alpha-amidoboronic acids, which change fluorescence upon sugar binding. In this report, we describe a general method of functionalizing such boronic acids and their applications in the preparation of bis-alpha-amidoboronic acids with significantly enhanced binding for oligosaccharides as compared to their monoboronic acid counterparts. The advantages of good water solubility, easy modification to generate diversity, and modularity in synthesis will make alpha-amidoboronic acids very useful building blocks for future synthesis of boronic acid-based fluorescent sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302-4098, USA
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23
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Cheng W, Ding L, Ding S, Yin Y, Ju H. A Simple Electrochemical Cytosensor Array for Dynamic Analysis of Carcinoma Cell Surface Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:6465-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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24
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Cheng W, Ding L, Ding S, Yin Y, Ju H. A Simple Electrochemical Cytosensor Array for Dynamic Analysis of Carcinoma Cell Surface Glycans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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25
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Yu C, Yam VWW. Glucose sensing via polyanion formation and induced pyrene excimer emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1347-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b820397k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Chen ML, Adak A, Yeh NC, Yang WB, Chuang YJ, Wong CH, Hwang KC, Hwu JR, Hsieh SL, Lin CC. Fabrication of an Oriented Fc-Fused Lectin Microarray through Boronate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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27
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Chen ML, Adak A, Yeh NC, Yang WB, Chuang YJ, Wong CH, Hwang KC, Hwu JR, Hsieh SL, Lin CC. Fabrication of an Oriented Fc-Fused Lectin Microarray through Boronate Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:8627-30. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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28
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Bérubé M, Dowlut M, Hall DG. Benzoboroxoles as Efficient Glycopyranoside-Binding Agents in Physiological Conditions: Structure and Selectivity of Complex Formation. J Org Chem 2008; 73:6471-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo800788s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bérubé
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Meenakshi Dowlut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Dennis G. Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
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