1
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Yi P, Lin C, Yi X, He P, Wang T, Zhang J. Trinitromethyl-Substituted 1 H-1,2,4-Triazole Bridging Nitropyrazole: A Strategy of Utterly Manipulable Nitration Achieving High-Energy Density Material. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38683233 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Nitro groups have been demonstrated to play a decisive role in the development of the most powerful known energetic materials. Two trinitromethyl-substituted 1H-1,2,4-triazole bridging nitropyrazoles were first synthesized by straightforward routes and were characterized by chemical (MS, NMR, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and experimental analysis (sensitivity toward friction, impact, and differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetric analysis test). Their detonation properties (detonation pressure, detonation velocity, etc.) were predicted by the EXPLO5 package based on the crystal density and calculated heat of formation with Gaussian 09. These new trinitromethyl triazoles were found to show suitable sensitivities, high density, and highly positive heat of formation. The combination of exceedingly high performances superior to those of HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitrotetraazacyclooctane), and its straightforward preparation highlights compound 8 as a promising high-energy density material (HEDM). This work supports the effectivity of utterly manipulable nitration and provides a generalizable design synthesis strategy for developing new HEDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Chenchen Lin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Piao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
| | - Tingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Synthesis and characterizations of fluorophosphoryl diazide and diisocyanate. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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3
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Ding K, Chen H, Xu H, Yang B, Ge Z, Lu C, Zheng W. Identification of octahedral coordinated ZrN 12+ cationic clusters by mass spectrometry and structure searches. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10187-10192. [PMID: 34231606 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cationic zirconium-doped nitrogen clusters were produced by laser ablation of a Zr : BN mixture target and were detected by TOF mass spectrometry. It is found that the mass peak of the ZrN12+ cluster is dominant in the spectrum. The ZrN12+ cluster was further dissociated with 266 nm photons. Extensive structure searches of a cationic ZrN12+ cluster indicate that the ground state structure of ZrN12+ consists of a central Zr atom and six N2 pairs with Oh symmetry. The calculated binding energy of the ZrN12+ cluster is about 0.96 eV, which is in accordance with the result of the photodissociation experiment. The neutral ZrN12 cluster has almost the same geometry, but with D3h symmetry. NBO analysis showed that the molecular orbitals of ZrN12+/0 clusters are mainly composed of Zr 4d and N 2p orbitals. These findings provide rich information for understanding the geometries and the electronic properties of zirconium-doped N clusters, which will offer valuable guidance for the exploration of other metal doped nitrogen clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Hujie Chen
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Bin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Zhongxue Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi'an 710065, China and Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an 710065, China.
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Weijun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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4
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O'Sullivan OT, Zdilla MJ. Properties and Promise of Catenated Nitrogen Systems As High-Energy-Density Materials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:5682-5744. [PMID: 32543838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The properties of catenated nitrogen molecules, molecules containing internal chains of bonded nitrogen atoms, is of fundamental scientific interest in chemical structure and bonding, as nitrogen is uniquely situated in the periodic table to form kinetically stable compounds often with chemically stable N-N bonds but which are thermodynamically unstable in that the formation of stable multiply bonded N2 is usually thermodynamically preferable. This unique placement in the periodic table makes catenated nitrogen compounds of interest for development of high-energy-density materials, including explosives for defense and construction purposes, as well as propellants for missile propulsion and for space exploration. This review, designed for a chemical audience, describes foundational subjects, methods, and metrics relevant to the energetic materials community and provides an overview of important classes of catenated nitrogen compounds ranging from theoretical investigation of hypothetical molecules to the practical application of real-world energetic materials. The review is intended to provide detailed chemical insight into the synthesis and decomposition of such materials as well as foundational knowledge of energetic science new to most chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen T O'Sullivan
- ASEE Fellow, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division (NSWC IHD), 4005 Indian Head Hwy, Indian Head, Maryland 20640, United States
| | - Michael J Zdilla
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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5
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Abstract
The recent acomplished syntheses of novel metal oxopolyazides VO(N3)3, NbO(N3)3, NbO(N3)3·2CH3CN, MoO(N3)3, MoO(N3)3·2CH3CN, WO(N3)4, WO(N3)4·CH3CN, MoO2(N3)2, MoO2(N3)2·2CH3CN, WO2(N3)2, WO2(N3)2·2CH3CN and UO2(N3)2·CH3CN by the author is reviewed. The conversion of the compounds into 2,2'-bipyridine donor adducts and oxaazido metallates is discribed. The properties and X-ray crystal structures of the metal oxopolyazides are compared and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA.
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6
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Ge Z, Ding K, Li Y, Xu H, Chen Z, Ma Y, Li T, Zhu W, Zheng W. Structural evolution of LiNn+ (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) clusters: mass spectrometry and theoretical calculations. RSC Adv 2019; 9:6762-6769. [PMID: 35518498 PMCID: PMC9061087 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00439d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mixed nitrogen-lithium cluster cations LiNn+ were generated by laser vaporization and analyzed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. It is found that LiN8+ has the highest ion abundance among the LiNn+ ions in the mass spectrum. Density functional calculations were conducted to search for the stable structures of the Li–N clusters. The theoretical results show that the most stable isomers of LiNn+ clusters are in the form of Li+(N2)n/2, and the order of their calculated binding energies is consistent with that of Li–N2 bond lengths. The most stable structures of LiNn+ evolve from one-dimensional linear type (C∞v, n = 2; D∞h, n = 4), to two-dimensional branch type (D3h, n = 6), then to three-dimensional tetrahedral (Td, n = 8) and square pyramid (C4v, n = 10) types. Further natural bond orbital analyses show that electrons are transferred from the lone pair on Nα of every N2 unit to the empty orbitals of lithium atom in LiN2–8+, while in LiN10+, electrons are transferred from the bonding orbital of the Li–Nα bonds to the antibonding orbital of the other Li–Nα bonds. In both cases, the N2 units become dipoles and strongly interact with Li+. The average second-order perturbation stabilization energy for LiN8+ is the highest among the observed LiNn+ clusters. For neutral LiN2–8 clusters, the most stable isomers were also formed by a Li atom and n/2 number of N2 units, while that of LiN10 is in the form of Li+(N2)3(η1-N4). LiNn+ clusters were generated by laser ablation and the LiN8+ with tetrahedral Li+(N2)4 structure has the highest ion abundance.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxue Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals
- Xi'an 710065
- China
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
| | - Kewei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals
- Xi'an 710065
- China
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
| | - Yisu Li
- Drug Discovery and Design Center
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Zhaoqiang Chen
- Drug Discovery and Design Center
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Yiding Ma
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Taoqi Li
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute
- Xi'an 710065
- China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Weijun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics
- Institute of Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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7
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Abstract
Abstract
Selenium and tellurium form binary halides in which the chalcogen can be in formal oxidation states (IV), (II) or (I). They are versatile reagents for the preparation of a wide range of inorganic and organic selenium and tellurium compounds taking advantage of the reactivity of the chalcogen–halogen bond. With the exception of the tetrafluorides, the tetrahalides are either commercially available or readily prepared. On the other hand, the low-valent species, EX2 (E = Se, Te; X = Cl, Br) and E2X2 (E = Se, Te; X = Cl, Br) are unstable with respect to disproportionation and must be used as in situ reagents. Organoselenium and tellurium halides are well-known in oxidation states (IV) and (II), as exemplified by REX3, R2EX2 and REX (R = alkyl, aryl; E = Se, Te; X = F, Cl, Br, I); mixed-valent (IV/II) compounds of the type RTeX2TeR are also known. This chapter surveys the availability and/or preparative methods for these widely used reagents followed by examples of their applications in synthetic inorganic and organic selenium and tellurium chemistry. For both the binary halides and their organic derivatives, the discussion is subdivided according to the formal oxidation state of the chalcogen.
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8
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Ding K, Xu H, Yang Y, Li T, Chen Z, Ge Z, Zhu W, Zheng W. Mass Spectrometry and Theoretical Investigation of VNn+ (n = 8, 9, and 10) Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:4687-4695. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b12152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kewei Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi’an 710065, China
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Hongguang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Taoqi Li
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Zhaoqiang Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhongxue Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Fluorine & Nitrogen Chemicals, Xi’an 710065, China
- Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Weijun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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9
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Campbell R, Konar S, Hunter S, Pulham C, Portius P. Labile Low-Valent Tin Azides: Syntheses, Structural Characterization, and Thermal Properties. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:400-411. [PMID: 29244498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The first two examples of the class of tetracoordinate low-valent, mixed-ligand tin azido complexes, Sn(N3)2(L)2, are shown to form upon reaction of SnCl2 with NaN3 and SnF2 with Me3SiN3 in either pyridine or 4-picoline (2, L = py; 3, L = pic). These adducts of Sn(N3)2 are shock- and friction-insensitive and stable at r.t. under an atmosphere of pyridine or picoline, respectively. A new, fast, and efficient method for the preparation of Sn(N3)2 (1) directly from SnF2, and by the stepwise de-coordination of py from 2 at r.t., is reported that yields 1 in microcrystalline form, permitting powder X-ray diffraction studies. Reaction of 1 with a nonbulky cationic H-bond donor forms the salt-like compound {C(NH2)3}Sn(N3)3 (4) which is comparably stable despite its high nitrogen content (55%) and the absence of bulky weakly coordinating cations that are conventionally deemed essential in related systems of homoleptic azido metallates. The spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization of the polyazides 1-4 provides insight into azide-based H-bonded networks and unravels the previously unknown structure of 1 as an important lighter binary azide homologue of Pb(N3)2. The atomic coordinates for 1 and 2-4 were derived from powder and single crystal XRD data, respectively; those for 1 are consistent with predictions made by DFT-D calculations under periodic boundary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Sumit Konar
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Steven Hunter
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Colin Pulham
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh , David Brewster Rd., Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K
| | - Peter Portius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, U.K
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10
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Alamdari RF–, Hatefipour R. Detonation Nanodiamond as a New Option for Reduction of the Viscosity of one Novel Di–azide Functionalized Monocationic Ionic Liquid. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fareghi – Alamdari
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Malek - Ashtar University of Technology Tehran I.R.Iran
| | - Razieh Hatefipour
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Malek - Ashtar University of Technology Tehran I.R.Iran
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11
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Deokar P, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Christe KO, Haiges R. The Binary Group 4 Azides [PPh4]2[Zr(N3)6] and [PPh4]2[Hf(N3)6]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Deokar
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Alabama; Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Alabama; Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - Karl O. Christe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
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12
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Deokar P, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Christe KO, Haiges R. The Binary Group 4 Azides [PPh4]2[Zr(N3)6] and [PPh4]2[Hf(N3)6]. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:14350-14354. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Deokar
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Alabama; Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry; The University of Alabama; Tuscaloosa AL 35487 USA
| | - Karl O. Christe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry; University of Southern California; Los Angeles CA 90089 USA
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13
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Portius P, Peerless B, Davis M, Campbell R. Homoleptic Poly(nitrato) Complexes of Group 14 Stable at Ambient Conditions. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8976-84. [PMID: 27505465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Using a novel approach in homoleptic nitrate chemistry, Sn(NO3)6(2-) (3c) as well as the previously unknown hexanitrato complexes Si(NO3)6(2-) (1c), Ge(NO3)6(2-) (2c) were synthesized from the element tetranitrates as salt-like compounds which were isolated and characterized using (1)H, (14)N, and (29)Si NMR and IR spectroscopies, elemental and thermal analyses, and single-crystal XRD. All hexanitrates are moderately air-sensitive at 298 K and possess greater thermal stability toward NO2 elimination than their charge-neutral tetranitrato congeners as solids and in solution. The complexes possess distorted octahedral coordination skeletons and adopt geometries that are highly symmetric (3c) or deformed (1c, 2c) depending on the degree of steric congestion of the ligand sphere. As opposed to the κ(2)O,O' coordination mode reported for Sn(NO3)4 previously,1 all nitrato ligands of 3c coordinate in κ(1)O mode. Six geometric isomers of E(NO3)6(2-) were identified as minima on the PES using DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of which two were observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Portius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Peerless
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Davis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Rory Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield , Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
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14
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Deokar P, Leitz D, Stein TH, Vasiliu M, Dixon DA, Christe KO, Haiges R. Preparation and Characterization of Antimony and Arsenic Tricyanide and Their 2,2'-Bipyridine Adducts. Chemistry 2016; 22:13251-7. [PMID: 27492940 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The arsenic(III) and antimony(III) cyanides M(CN)3 (M=As, Sb) have been prepared in quantitative yields from the corresponding trifluorides through fluoride-cyanide exchange with Me3 SiCN in acetonitrile. When the reaction was carried out in the presence of one equivalent of 2,2'-bipyridine, the adducts [M(CN)3 ⋅(2,2'-bipy)] were obtained. The crystal structures of As(CN)3 , [As(CN)3 ⋅(2,2'-bipy)] and [Sb(CN)3 ⋅(2,2'-bipy)] were determined and are surprisingly different. As(CN)3 possesses a polymeric three-dimensional structure, [As(CN)3 ⋅(2,2'-bipy)] exhibits a two-dimensional sheet structure, and [Sb(CN)3 ⋅(2,2'-bipy)] has a chain structure, and none of the structures resembles those found for the corresponding arsenic and antimony triazides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Deokar
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Dominik Leitz
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Trent H Stein
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Karl O Christe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
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15
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Campbell R, Davis MF, Fazakerley M, Portius P. Taming Tin(IV) Polyazides. Chemistry 2015; 21:18690-8. [PMID: 26767331 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first charge-neutral Lewis base adducts of tin(IV) tetraazide, [Sn(N3)4(bpy)], [Sn(N3)4(phen)] and [Sn(N3)4(py)2], and the salt bis{bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium} hexa(azido)stannate [(PPN)2Sn(N3)6] (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; py = pyridine; PPN = N(PPh3)2) have been prepared using covalent or ionic azide-transfer reagents and ligand-exchange reactions. The azides were isolated on the 0.3 to 1 g scale and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies, microanalytical and thermal methods and their molecular structures determined by single-crystal XRD. All complexes have a distorted octahedral Sn[N]6 coordination geometry and possess greater thermal stability than their Si and Ge homologues. The nitrogen content of the adducts of up to 44% exceed any Sn(IV) compound known hitherto.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, S3 7HF (UK) https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/staff/profiles/peter_portius
| | - Martin F Davis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, S3 7HF (UK) https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/staff/profiles/peter_portius
| | - Mathew Fazakerley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, S3 7HF (UK) https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/staff/profiles/peter_portius
| | - Peter Portius
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, S3 7HF (UK) https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/staff/profiles/peter_portius.
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16
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Ding KW, Li XW, Xu HG, Li TQ, Ge ZX, Wang Q, Zheng WJ. Experimental observation of TiN 12+ cluster and theoretical investigation of its stable and metastable isomers. Chem Sci 2015; 6:4723-4729. [PMID: 28717484 PMCID: PMC5500844 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01103e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TiN n+ clusters were generated by laser ablation and analyzed experimentally by mass spectrometry. The results showed that the mass peak of the TiN12+ cluster is dominant in the spectrum. The TiN12+ cluster was further investigated by photodissociation experiments with 266, 532 and 1064 nm photons. Density functional calculations were conducted to investigate stable structures of TiN12+ and the corresponding neutral cluster, TiN12. The theoretical calculations found that the most stable structure of TiN12+ is Ti(N2)6+ with Oh symmetry. The calculated binding energy is in good agreement with that obtained from the photodissociation experiments. The most stable structure of neutral TiN12 is Ti(N2)6 with D3d symmetry. The Ti-N bond strengths are greater than 0.94 eV in both Ti(N2)6+ and its neutral counterpart. The interaction between Ti and N2 weakens the N-N bond significantly. For neutral TiN12, the Ti(N3)4 azide, the N5TiN7 sandwich structure and the N6TiN6 structure are much higher in energy than the Ti(N2)6 complex. The DFT calculations predicted that the decomposition of Ti(N3)4, N5TiN7, and N6TiN6 into a Ti atom and six N2 molecules can release energies of about 139, 857, and 978 kJ mol-1 respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Ding
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute , Xi'an 710065 , China . ;
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- National Laboratory of Mineral Materials , School of Materials Science and Technology , China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083 , China
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology , College of Engineering , Peking University and IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
| | - Tao-Qi Li
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute , Xi'an 710065 , China . ;
| | - Zhong-Xue Ge
- Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute , Xi'an 710065 , China . ;
| | - Qian Wang
- Center for Applied Physics and Technology , College of Engineering , Peking University and IFSA Collaborative Innovation Center , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100871 , China .
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics , Institute of Chemistry , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China .
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17
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Wei H, Gao H, Shreeve JM. N-oxide 1,2,4,5-tetrazine-based high-performance energetic materials. Chemistry 2014; 20:16943-52. [PMID: 25330776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
One route to high density and high performance energetic materials based on 1,2,4,5-tetrazine is the introduction of 2,4-di-N-oxide functionalities. Based on several examples and through theoretical analysis, the strategy of regioselective introduction of these moieties into 1,2,4,5-tetrazines has been developed. Using this methodology, various new tetrazine structures containing the N-oxide functionality were synthesized and fully characterized using IR, NMR, and mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray analysis. Hydrogen peroxide (50 %) was used very effectively in lieu of the usual 90 % peroxide in this system to generate N-oxide tetrazine compounds successfully. Comparison of the experimental densities of N-oxide 1,2,4,5-tetrazine compounds with their 1,2,4,5-tetrazine precursors shows that introducing the N-oxide functionality is a highly effective and feasible method to enhance the density of these materials. The heats of formation for all compounds were calculated with Gaussian 03 (revision D.01) and these values were combined with measured densities to calculate detonation pressures (P) and velocities (νD ) of these energetic materials (Explo 5.0 v. 6.01). The new oxygen-containing tetrazines exhibit high density, good thermal stability, acceptable oxygen balance, positive heat of formation, and excellent detonation properties, which, in some cases, are superior to those of 1,3,5-tritnitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitrotriazacyclohexane (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Dr., MS 2343, Moscow, ID 83844-2343 (USA)
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18
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Haiges R, Buszek RJ, Boatz JA, Christe KO. Preparation of the First Manganese(III) and Manganese(IV) Azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Haiges R, Buszek RJ, Boatz JA, Christe KO. Preparation of the first manganese(III) and manganese(IV) azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8200-5. [PMID: 25044947 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluoride-azide exchange reactions of Me3SiN3 with MnF2 and MnF3 in acetonitrile resulted in the isolation of Mn(N3)2 and Mn(N3)3 ⋅CH3CN, respectively. While Mn(N3)2 forms [PPh4]2[Mn(N3)4] and (bipy)2Mn(N3)2 upon reaction with PPh4N3 and 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy), respectively, the manganese(III) azide undergoes disproportionation and forms mixtures of [PPh4]2[Mn(N3)4] and [PPh4]2[Mn(N3)6], as well as (bipy)2Mn(N3)2 and (bipy)Mn(N3)4. Neat and highly sensitive Cs2[Mn(N3)6] was obtained through the reaction of Cs2MnF6 with Me3SiN3 in CH3CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661 (USA).
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20
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21
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Müller TG, Karau F, Schnick W, Kraus F. A New Route to Metal Azides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13695-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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22
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Zhang J, Shreeve JM. 3,3′-Dinitroamino-4,4′-azoxyfurazan and Its Derivatives: An Assembly of Diverse N–O Building Blocks for High-Performance Energetic Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:4437-45. [DOI: 10.1021/ja501176q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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23
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Portius P, Davis M. Recent developments in the chemistry of homoleptic azido complexes of the main group elements. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Srinivas D, Ghule VD, Muralidharan K, Jenkins HDB. Tetraanionic Nitrogen-Rich Tetrazole-Based Energetic Salts. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1023-8. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Domene C, Portius P, Fowler PW, Bernasconi L. Simulating the Pyrolysis of Polyazides: a Mechanistic Case Study of the [P(N3)6]− Anion. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:1747-54. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301178h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Domene
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Peter Portius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Patrick W. Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, U.K
| | - Leonardo Bernasconi
- Science and Technology Facilities
Council, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, U.K
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26
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Srinivas D, Ghule VD, Tewari SP, Muralidharan K. Synthesis of Amino, Azido, Nitro, and Nitrogen-Rich Azole-Substituted Derivatives of 1H-Benzotriazole for High-Energy Materials Applications. Chemistry 2012; 18:15031-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Schulz A, Villinger A. Binary Pnictogen Azides-An Experimental and Theoretical Study: [As(N3)4]−, [Sb(N3)4]−, and [Bi(N3)5(dmso)]2−. Chemistry 2012; 18:2902-11. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Haiges R, Rahm M, Dixon DA, Garner EB, Christe KO. Binary Group 15 Polyazides. Structural Characterization of [Bi(N3)4]−, [Bi(N3)5]2–, [bipy·Bi(N3)5]2–, [Bi(N3)6]3–, bipy·As(N3)3, bipy·Sb(N3)3, and [(bipy)2·Bi(N3)3]2 and on the Lone Pair Activation of Valence Electrons. Inorg Chem 2011; 51:1127-41. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202307a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon
Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089, United States
| | - Martin Rahm
- Loker Hydrocarbon
Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089, United States
| | - David A. Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Edward B. Garner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0336, United States
| | - Karl O. Christe
- Loker Hydrocarbon
Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089, United States
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29
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Zeng X, Beckers H, Bernhardt E, Willner H. Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfuryl Diazide, O2S(N3)2. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:8679-84. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201294b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zeng
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Eduard Bernhardt
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Helge Willner
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
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30
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Haiges R, Boatz JA, Williams JM, Christe KO. Preparation and Characterization of the Binary Group 13 Azides M(N3)3 and M(N3)3⋅CH3CN (M=Ga, In, Tl), [Ga(N3)5]2−, and [M(N3)6]3− (M=In, Tl). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:8828-33. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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31
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Haiges R, Boatz JA, Williams JM, Christe KO. Preparation and Characterization of the Binary Group 13 Azides M(N3)3 and M(N3)3⋅CH3CN (M=Ga, In, Tl), [Ga(N3)5]2−, and [M(N3)6]3− (M=In, Tl). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201103101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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32
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Portius P, Filippou AC, Schnakenburg G, Davis M, Wehrstedt KD. Neutrale Lewis-Basen-Addukte des Siliciumtetraazids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201001826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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33
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Portius P, Filippou AC, Schnakenburg G, Davis M, Wehrstedt KD. Neutral Lewis Base Adducts of Silicon Tetraazide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8013-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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34
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Zeng X, Gerken M, Beckers H, Willner H. Synthesis and Characterization of Carbonyl Diazide, OC(N3)2. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:9694-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1015143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zeng
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Michael Gerken
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Helmut Beckers
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Helge Willner
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, FB C − Anorganische Chemie, Gauss Strasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
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35
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Villinger A, Schulz A. Binäre Bismut(III)-azide: Bi(N3)3, [Bi(N3)4]− und [Bi(N3)6]3−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201002179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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36
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Villinger A, Schulz A. Binary Bismuth(III) Azides: Bi(N3)3 , [Bi(N3)4]−, and [Bi(N3)6]3−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8017-20. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201002179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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37
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Haiges R, Boatz JA, Christe KO. The Syntheses and Structure of the Vanadium(IV) and Vanadium(V) Binary Azides V(N3)4, [V(N3)6]2−, and [V(N3)6]−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:8008-12. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200906537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38
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Haiges R, Boatz JA, Christe KO. The Syntheses and Structure of the Vanadium(IV) and Vanadium(V) Binary Azides V(N3)4, [V(N3)6]2−, and [V(N3)6]−. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200906537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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39
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Christe KO, Dixon DA, Haiges R, Hopfinger M, Jackson VE, Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. Selenium(IV) fluoride and oxofluoride anions. J Fluor Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2010.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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40
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Wang R, Guo Y, Sa R, Shreeve J. Nitroguanidine-Fused Bicyclic Guanidinium Salts: A Family of High-Density Energetic Materials. Chemistry 2010; 16:8522-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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41
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Tao GH, Twamley B, Shreeve JM. Energetic nitrogen-rich Cu(II) and Cd(II) 5,5'-azobis(tetrazolate) complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 48:9918-23. [PMID: 19817496 DOI: 10.1021/ic901492r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Copper(II) and cadmium(II) complexes of 5,5'-azobis(tetrazolate) (ABT) were synthesized at ambient temperature. The anhydrous copper(II) and cadmium(II) salts (1) and (3) are very impact sensitive. The energetic copper(II) and cadmium(II) ABT coordination complexes, tetraammine copper 5,5'-azobis(tetrazolate) dihydrate [Cu(NH(3))(4)]ABT(H(2)O)(2) (2) and diammine dihydrate cadmium 5,5'-azobis(tetrazolate) [Cd(NH(3))(2)(H(2)O)(2)]ABT (4) were prepared and then structured by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Their vibrational spectra (IR) were measured and compared with the calculated frequencies. Thermal stabilities were obtained from differential scanning calorimetry measurements and sensitivity toward impact was determined by BAM standards. The energies of combustion of 2 and 4 were based on oxygen bomb calorimetry values and were used to calculate the corresponding heats of formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Hong Tao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, USA
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42
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Glover G, Gerasimchuk N, Biagioni R, Domasevitch KV. Monovalent K, Cs, Tl, and Ag Nitrosodicyanomethanides: Completely Different 3D Networks with Useful Properties of Luminescent Materials and Nonelectric Sensors for Gases. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:2371-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801364w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett Glover
- Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, and Inorganic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department of the National University of Ukraine, Volodimirs’ka 64 St. Kiev, 01033 Ukraine
| | - Nikolay Gerasimchuk
- Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, and Inorganic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department of the National University of Ukraine, Volodimirs’ka 64 St. Kiev, 01033 Ukraine
| | - Richard Biagioni
- Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, and Inorganic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department of the National University of Ukraine, Volodimirs’ka 64 St. Kiev, 01033 Ukraine
| | - Konstantin V. Domasevitch
- Department of Chemistry, Temple Hall 456, Missouri State University, Springfield, Missouri 65897, and Inorganic Chemistry Division, Chemistry Department of the National University of Ukraine, Volodimirs’ka 64 St. Kiev, 01033 Ukraine
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43
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Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. The Binary Silver Nitrogen Anion [Ag(N3)2]−. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 131:72-4. [DOI: 10.1021/ja8077544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Scherr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
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44
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Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. First structural characterization of solvate-free silver dinitramide, Ag[N(NO(2))(2)]. Dalton Trans 2008:5876-8. [PMID: 19082040 DOI: 10.1039/b814447h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of solvate-free silver dinitramide (Ag[N(NO(2))(2)]) was determined by X-ray diffraction for the first time and displays secondary contacts between silver and oxygen as well as between silver and nitrogen, furnishing different coordination modes of the dinitramide moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Butenandtstr. 5-13 (Haus D), D-81377 Munich, Germany.
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45
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Portius P, Fowler PW, Adams H, Todorova TZ. Experimental and Theoretical Characterization of the Hexaazidophosphate(V) Ion. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:12004-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801536z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Portius
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - P. W. Fowler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - H. Adams
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - T. Z. Todorova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, United Kingdom
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46
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Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. Synthesis and Structures of Triorganochalcogenium (Te, Se, S) Dinitramides. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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47
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Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. Homoleptic Selenium Cyanides: Attempted Preparation of Se(CN)4 and Redetermination of the Crystal Structure of Se(CN)2. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:7025-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801011g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Krumm
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Scherr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Butenandtstr. 5-13(D), D-81377 Munich, Germany
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48
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Klapötke TM, Krumm B, Scherr M. Studies on the properties of organoselenium(IV) fluorides and azides. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:4712-22. [PMID: 18442235 DOI: 10.1021/ic800051s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of organoselenides and -diselenides (R2Se and (RSe)2) with XeF2 furnished the corresponding organoselenium(IV) difluorides R2SeF2 (R=Me (1), Et (2), iPr (3), Ph (4), Mes (=2,4,6-(Me)3C6H2) (5), Tipp (=2,4,6-(iPr)3C6H2) (6), 2-Me 2NCH2C6H4 (7)), and trifluorides RSeF3 (R=Me (8), iPr (9), Ph (10), Mes (11), Tipp (12), Mes* (=2,4,6-(tBu) 3C6H2) (13), 2-Me2NCH2C6H4 (14)), respectively. In addition to characterization by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, the first molecular structure of an organoselenium(IV) difluoride as well as the molecular structures of subsequent decomposition products have been determined. The substitution of fluorine atoms with Me3SiN3 leads to the corresponding organoselenium(IV) diazides R2Se(N3)2 (R=Me (15), Et (16), iPr (17), Ph (18), Mes (19), 2-Me 2NCH2C6H4 (20)) and triazides RSe(N3)3 (R=Me (21), iPr (22), Ph (23), Mes (24), Tipp (25), Mes* (26), 2-Me2NCH2C6H4 (27)), respectively. The organoselenium azides are extremely temperature-sensitive materials and can only be handled at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Klapötke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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49
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Clarke CS, Haynes DA, Rawson JM. Oxygen, sulfur, selenium, tellurium and polonium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b716498j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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50
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Tao GH, Guo Y, Joo YH, Twamley B, Shreeve JM. Energetic nitrogen-rich salts and ionic liquids: 5-aminotetrazole (AT) as a weak acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b811506k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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