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Wang CL, Wang J, Jin JK, Li B, Phang YL, Zhang FL, Ye T, Xia HM, Hui LW, Su JH, Fu Y, Wang YF. Boryl radical catalysis enables asymmetric radical cycloisomerization reactions. Science 2023; 382:1056-1065. [PMID: 38033072 DOI: 10.1126/science.adg1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The development of functionally distinct catalysts for enantioselective synthesis is a prominent yet challenging goal of synthetic chemistry. In this work, we report a family of chiral N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-ligated boryl radicals as catalysts that enable catalytic asymmetric radical cycloisomerization reactions. The radical catalysts can be generated from easily prepared NHC-borane complexes, and the broad availability of the chiral NHC component provides substantial benefits for stereochemical control. Mechanistic studies support a catalytic cycle comprising a sequence of boryl radical addition, hydrogen atom transfer, cyclization, and elimination of the boryl radical catalyst, wherein the chiral NHC subunit determines the enantioselectivity of the radical cyclization. This catalysis allows asymmetric construction of valuable chiral heterocyclic products from simple starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ji-Kang Jin
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bin Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yee Lin Phang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Feng-Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Tian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hui-Min Xia
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Li-Wen Hui
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ji-Hu Su
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yi-Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomass Clean Energy, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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2
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Zheng MW, Yuan X, Cui YS, Qiu JK, Li G, Guo K. Electrochemical Sulfonylation/Heteroarylation of Alkenes via Distal Heteroaryl ipso-Migration. Org Lett 2018; 20:7784-7789. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Wei Zheng
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- Institute of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
- Institute of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cui
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiang-Kai Qiu
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Kai Guo
- Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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3
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Zhao MN, Zhang ZJ, Ren ZH, Yang DS, Guan ZH. Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization/1,2-Amino Migration Cascade Reaction. Org Lett 2018; 20:3088-3091. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721013, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - De-Suo Yang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721013, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Nature Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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4
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Meine R, Becker W, Falke H, Preu L, Loaëc N, Meijer L, Kunick C. Indole-3-Carbonitriles as DYRK1A Inhibitors by Fragment-Based Drug Design. Molecules 2018; 23:E64. [PMID: 29364148 PMCID: PMC6017736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A) is a potential drug target because of its role in the development of Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. The selective DYRK1A inhibitor 10-iodo-11H-indolo[3,2-c]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid (KuFal194), a large, flat and lipophilic molecule, suffers from poor water solubility, limiting its use as chemical probe in cellular assays and animal models. Based on the structure of KuFal194, 7-chloro-1H-indole-3-carbonitrile was selected as fragment template for the development of smaller and less lipophilic DYRK1A inhibitors. By modification of this fragment, a series of indole-3-carbonitriles was designed and evaluated as potential DYRK1A ligands by molecular docking studies. Synthesis and in vitro assays on DYRK1A and related protein kinases identified novel double-digit nanomolar inhibitors with submicromolar activity in cell culture assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Meine
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
- Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Walter Becker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty of the RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Hannes Falke
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Lutz Preu
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Nadège Loaëc
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France.
| | - Laurent Meijer
- ManRos Therapeutics, Perharidy Research Center, 29680 Roscoff, France.
| | - Conrad Kunick
- Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
- Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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5
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Guttenberger N, Breinbauer R. C H and C C bond insertion reactions of diazo compounds into aldehydes. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Rossi E, Abbiati G, Dell'Acqua M, Negrato M, Paganoni A, Pirovano V. Exploiting the σ-phylic properties of cationic gold(i) catalysts in the ring opening reactions of aziridines with indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6095-110. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00672h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gold(i) species catalyze the ring opening reactions of aziridines with indoles as nucleophiles for the synthesis of tryptamines and pyrroloindolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Giorgio Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Monica Dell'Acqua
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Marco Negrato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Andrea Paganoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Valentina Pirovano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche – Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini”
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 21 – 20133 Milano
- Italy
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7
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Li B, Guo S, Zhang J, Zhang X, Fan X. Selective Access to 3-Cyano-1H-indoles, 9H-Pyrimido[4,5-b]indoles, or 9H-Pyrido[2,3-b]indoles through Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Multicomponent Cascade Reactions. J Org Chem 2015; 80:5444-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- School of Environment, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and
Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Shenghai Guo
- School of Environment, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and
Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Ju Zhang
- School of Environment, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and
Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- School of Environment, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and
Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Xuesen Fan
- School of Environment, School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory
of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, and
Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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8
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Li YL, Li J, Ma AL, Huang YN, Deng J. Metal-Free Synthesis of Indole via NIS-Mediated Cascade C–N Bond Formation/Aromatization. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3841-51. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Long Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ai-Lun Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, and ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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9
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Xu H, Ma S, Xu Y, Bian L, Ding T, Fang X, Zhang W, Ren Y. Copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of 1,2,4-triazoles from nitriles and hydroxylamine. J Org Chem 2015; 80:1789-94. [PMID: 25564992 DOI: 10.1021/jo502709t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles through reactions of two nitriles with hydroxylamine has been developed. The protocol uses simple and readily available nitriles and hydroxylamine hydrochloride as the starting materials and inexpensive Cu(OAc)2 as the catalyst, and the corresponding 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are obtained in moderate to good yields. The reactions include sequential intermolecular addition of hydroxylamine to one nitrile to provide amidoxime, copper-catalyzed treatment of the amidoxime with another nitrile, and intramolecular dehydration/cyclization. This finding provides a new and useful strategy for synthesis of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Institute of Fine Chemistry and Engineering, Henan Engineering Laboratory of Flame-Retardant and Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University , Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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10
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Chakraborty A, Jyothi K, Sinha S. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of 2-allylindole and 2-allylbenzofuran derivatives from 2-((trimethylsilyl)ethynyl)arenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Peña-López M, Neumann H, Beller M. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Indoles from Anilines and Epoxides. Chemistry 2014; 20:1818-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Cai S, Zeng J, Li Y, Liu XW. Polysubstituted pyrrole derivatives via 1,2-alkenyl migration of novel γ-amino-α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and α-diazocarbonyls. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47020b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Pd(II)-catalyzed aerobic oxidative intramolecular hydroamination and C–H functionalization of N-alkynyl anilines for the synthesis of indole derivatives. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Kumari K, Raghuvanshi DS, Singh KN. An efficient synthesis of 2H-chromen-3-yl derivatives via CuI/(NH4)2HPO4 catalyzed reaction of O-propargyl salicylaldehydes with active methylene compounds. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Qian C, Chen J, Fu M, Zhu S, Chen WH, Jiang H, Zeng W. An unusual 1,2-aryl shift in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling ethoxycarbonylation of arylboronic acids with α-iminoesters. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6013-22. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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Zhu C, Li G, Ess DH, Falck JR, Kürti L. Elusive metal-free primary amination of arylboronic acids: synthetic studies and mechanism by density functional theory. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:18253-6. [PMID: 23082853 DOI: 10.1021/ja309637r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we disclose the first metal-free synthesis of primary aromatic amines from arylboronic acids, a reaction that has eluded synthetic chemists for decades. This remarkable transformation affords structurally diverse primary arylamines in good chemical yields, including a variety of halogenated primary anilines that often cannot be prepared via transition-metal-catalyzed amination. The reaction is operationally simple, requires only a slight excess of aminating agent, proceeds under neutral or basic conditions, and, importantly, can be scaled up to provide multigram quantities of primary anilines. Density functional calculations reveal that the most likely mechanism involves a facile 1,2-aryl migration and that the presence of an ortho nitro group in the aminating agent plays a critical role in lowering the free energy barrier of the 1,2-aryl migration step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390, USA
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17
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Fodor L, Csomós P, Csámpai A, Sohár P. Novel indole syntheses by ring transformation of β-lactam-condensed 1,3-benzothiazines into indolo[2,3-b][1,4]benzothiazepines and indolo[3,2-c]isoquinolines. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2011.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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18
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Xu H, Fu H. Copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of imidazo/benzoimidazoquinazolinones by sequential Ullmann-type coupling and intramolecular C-H amidation. Chemistry 2011; 18:1180-6. [PMID: 22190047 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A simple, practical, and highly efficient copper-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of imidazo/benzoimidazoquinazolinones has been developed. The procedure is based on a sequential copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type N-arylation and aerobic oxidative intramolecular C-H amidation. This method should provide a new and useful strategy for construction of N-heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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19
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Chen CY, Andreani T, Li H. A Divergent and Selective Synthesis of Isomeric Benzoxazoles from a Single N–Cl Imine. Org Lett 2011; 13:6300-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol202844c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-yi Chen
- Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Teresa Andreani
- Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hongmei Li
- Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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20
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Raja E, Klumpp DA. Fluoro-substituted ketones from nitriles using acidic and basic reaction conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011; 52:5170-5172. [PMID: 22383858 PMCID: PMC3286112 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluoro-substituted aliphatic nitriles are shown to undergo the Houben-Hoesch reactions with arenes in CF(3)SO(3)H to give fluoro-substituted ketones in good yields. The fluorine substituents appear to enhance the reactivities of the nitriles (and the nitrilium ion intermediates) compared to similar aliphatic nitriles. Fluoro-substituted ketones are also shown to be accessible through the reactions of organometallic reagents and fluoro-substituted nitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erum Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115
| | - Douglas A. Klumpp
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115
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21
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Yang F, Ji KG, Ali S, Liang YM. Sc(OTf)3-catalyzed synthesis of indoles and SnCl4-mediated regioselective hydrochlorination of 5-(arylamino)pent-3-yn-2-ones. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8329-35. [PMID: 21892834 DOI: 10.1021/jo201514q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Highly substituted indole derivatives bearing alkyl and aryl moieties can be prepared by Sc(OTf)(3)-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkenylation of 5-(arylamino)pent-3-yn-2-ones. In addition, a method for regioselective hydrochlorination of 5-(arylamino)pent-3-yn-2-ones mediated by SnCl(4) in moderate to good yields (up to 84%) has been developed. The resulting exclusive Z-selectivity of the C-Cl bond can be further exploited using cross C-N coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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22
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Zhou F, Han X, Lu X. Synthesis of indoles via palladium-catalyzed C–H activation of N-aryl amides followed by coupling with alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Sigan AL, Gusev DV, Chkanikov ND, Shmidt EY, Ivanov AV, Mihaleva AI. Hydroxyalkylation of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroindole with polyfluorocarbonyl compounds as a route to 2-substituted indoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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24
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Lu J, Jin Y, Liu H, Jiang Y, Fu H. Copper-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Intramolecular Alkene C–H Amination Leading to N-Heterocycles. Org Lett 2011; 13:3694-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol2013395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juyou Lu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yibao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| | - Hua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China, and Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Guangdong Province), Graduate School of Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
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Neumann JJ, Rakshit S, Dröge T, Würtz S, Glorius F. Exploring the oxidative cyclization of substituted N-aryl enamines: Pd-catalyzed formation of indoles from anilines. Chemistry 2011; 17:7298-303. [PMID: 21567506 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The direct Pd-catalyzed oxidative coupling of two C-H-bonds within N-aryl-enamines 1 allows the efficient formation of differently substituted indoles 2. In this cross-dehydrogenative coupling, many different functional groups are tolerated and the starting material N-aryl-enamines 1 can be easily prepared in one step from commercially available anilines. In addition, the whole sequence can also be run in a one-pot fashion. Optimization data, mechanistic insight, substrate scope, and applications are reported in this full paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Neumann
- Bayer CropScience AG, Alfred-Nobel-Strasse 50, 40789 Monheim am Rhein, Germany
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26
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Vicente R. Recent advances in indole syntheses: New routes for a classic target. Org Biomol Chem 2011; 9:6469-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob05750b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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27
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Haag BA, Zhang ZG, Li JS, Knochel P. Fischer-Indolsynthese mit Organozinkreagentien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Haag BA, Zhang ZG, Li JS, Knochel P. Fischer Indole Synthesis with Organozinc Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:9513-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Chen B. 2-Thienyllithium. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF REAGENTS FOR ORGANIC SYNTHESIS 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/047084289x.rn01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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30
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Pei T, Chen CY, DiMichele L, Davies IW. Controlled Synthesis of 2- and 3-Substituted Benzo[b]furans. Org Lett 2010; 12:4972-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol102123u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Pei
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Cheng-yi Chen
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Lisa DiMichele
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ian W. Davies
- Department of Process Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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31
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Levesque P, Fournier PA. Synthesis of Substituted Indole from 2-Aminobenzaldehyde through [1,2]-Aryl Shift. J Org Chem 2010; 75:7033-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo1016713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Levesque
- Merck Frosst Center for Therapeutic Research, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Qc, Canada, H9H 3L1
| | - Pierre-André Fournier
- Merck Frosst Center for Therapeutic Research, 16711 Trans Canada Highway, Kirkland, Qc, Canada, H9H 3L1
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32
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Pd(II)-catalyzed synthesis of indoles from α-aryloxime O-pentafluorobenzoates via intramolecular aromatic C–H amination. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Barluenga J, Rodríguez F, Fañanás FJ. Recent advances in the synthesis of indole and quinoline derivatives through cascade reactions. Chem Asian J 2009; 4:1036-48. [PMID: 19360759 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200900018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Indoles and quinolines are ubiquitous structural motifs in many natural products and biologically active pharmaceuticals. The pursuit of synthetic efficiency has stimulated the design and development of new synthetic strategies to construct these heterocycles. One of the most effective ways of achieving efficiency is to implement reaction cascades, enabling multiple bond-forming and bond-cleaving events to occur in a single synthetic operation, thus circumventing the waste associated with traditional stepwise synthesis. In general, cascade reactions offer the opportunity to access highly functionalized final products from simple starting materials. For all these reasons, it is not a surprise that most of the recently reported methods for the synthesis of indoles and quinolines are based on the use of cascade reactions. In this Focus Review we discuss some of the most representative and interesting recent reports on the synthesis of indoles and quinolines through cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Barluenga
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica Enrique Moles, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería 8, E-33006 Oviedo, Spain.
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Shi Z, Zhang C, Li S, Pan D, Ding S, Cui Y, Jiao N. Indoles from simple anilines and alkynes: palladium-catalyzed C-H activation using dioxygen as the oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4572-6. [PMID: 19444850 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200901484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pd doles it out: A palladium-catalyzed approach to indoles using the title reaction was achieved (see scheme). The oxidant used in this catalytic cycle was O(2). Both N-nonsubstituted and N-alkyl monosubstituted anilines can be successfully transformed into the corresponding indoles by this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xue Yuan Rd. 38, Beijing 100083, China
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Shi Z, Zhang C, Li S, Pan D, Ding S, Cui Y, Jiao N. Indoles from Simple Anilines and Alkynes: Palladium-Catalyzed CH Activation Using Dioxygen as the Oxidant. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200901484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Pei T, Tellers DM, Streckfuss EC, Chen CY, Davies IW. [1,2]-Aryl migration in the synthesis of substituted indoles: scope, mechanism, and high throughput experimentation. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Stuart DR, Bertrand-Laperle M, Burgess KMN, Fagnou K. Indole Synthesis via Rhodium Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Acetanilides and Internal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:16474-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja806955s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 634] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David R. Stuart
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mégan Bertrand-Laperle
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Kevin M. N. Burgess
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Keith Fagnou
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Li JJ, Mei TS, Yu JQ. Synthesis of indolines and tetrahydroisoquinolines from arylethylamines by Pd(II)-catalyzed C-H activation reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:6452-5. [PMID: 18624318 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Jie Li
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Würtz S, Rakshit S, Neumann J, Dröge T, Glorius F. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization ofN-Aryl Enamines: From Anilines to Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:7230-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200802482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Würtz S, Rakshit S, Neumann J, Dröge T, Glorius F. Palladium-katalysierte oxidative Cyclisierung vonN-Aryl-Enaminen: von Anilinen zu Indolen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Li JJ, Mei TS, Yu JQ. Synthesis of Indolines and Tetrahydroisoquinolines from Arylethylamines by PdII-Catalyzed CH Activation Reactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200802187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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