1
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Wang Q, Su H. A Tale of Water Molecules in the Ribosomal Peptidyl Transferase Reaction. Biochemistry 2022; 61:2241-2247. [PMID: 36178262 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The peptidyl transferase center (PTC) in the large subunit of the ribosome plays a critical role in protein synthesis by catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds with an astounding speed of about 15 to 20 peptide bonds per second. The ribosome coordinates the nucleophilic attack and deprotonation in the rate-limiting step at the PTC. However, the details of peptide bond formation within the ribosome, particularly the precise role of the two water molecules in the PTC, remain unclear. Here, we propose a novel stepwise "proton shuttle" mechanism which corroborates all the reported experimental measurements so far. In this mechanism, a water molecule close to A76 of peptidyl-tRNA 2'- and 3'-O stabilizes the transition state. The other one adjacent to the carbonyl oxygen of peptidyl-tRNA actively participates in the proton shuttle, playing the catalytic role of ribosome-catalyzed peptide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Haibin Su
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong 999077, China.,HKUST Shenzhen-Hong Kong Collaborative Innovation Research Institute, Futian, Shenzhen 518048, China
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2
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Fukushima K, Esaki H. Theoretical Study of the Mechanism of Ribosomal Peptide Bond Formation Using the ONIOM Method. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2021; 69:734-740. [PMID: 34334517 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c21-00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Peptide bond formation in living cells occurs at the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) of the large ribosomal subunit and involves the transfer of the peptidyl group from peptidyl-tRNA to aminoacyl-tRNA. Despite numerous kinetic and theoretical studies, many details of this reaction -such as whether it proceeds via a stepwise or concerted mechanism- remain unclear. In this study, we calculated the geometry and energy of the transition states and intermediates in peptide bond formation in the PTC environment using the ONIOM (our own n-layered integrated molecular orbital and molecular mechanics) method. The calculations indicated that the energy of the transition states of stepwise mechanisms are lower than those of concerted mechanisms and suggested that the reaction involves a neutral tetrahedral intermediate that is stabilized through the hydrogen-bonding network in the PTC environment. The results will lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of peptidyl transfer reaction, and resolve fundamental questions of the steps and molecular intermediates involved in peptide bond formation in the ribosome.
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3
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Mechanistic Insights Into Catalytic RNA-Protein Complexes Involved in Translation of the Genetic Code. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28683922 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The contemporary world is an "RNA-protein world" rather than a "protein world" and tracing its evolutionary origins is of great interest and importance. The different RNAs that function in close collaboration with proteins are involved in several key physiological processes, including catalysis. Ribosome-the complex megadalton cellular machinery that translates genetic information encoded in nucleotide sequence to amino acid sequence-epitomizes such an association between RNA and protein. RNAs that can catalyze biochemical reactions are known as ribozymes. They usually employ general acid-base catalytic mechanism, often involving the 2'-OH of RNA that activates and/or stabilizes a nucleophile during the reaction pathway. The protein component of such RNA-protein complexes (RNPCs) mostly serves as a scaffold which provides an environment conducive for the RNA to function, or as a mediator for other interacting partners. In this review, we describe those RNPCs that are involved at different stages of protein biosynthesis and in which RNA performs the catalytic function; the focus of the account is on highlighting mechanistic aspects of these complexes. We also provide a perspective on such associations in the context of proofreading during translation of the genetic code. The latter aspect is not much appreciated and recent works suggest that this is an avenue worth exploring, since an understanding of the subject can provide useful insights into how RNAs collaborate with proteins to ensure fidelity during these essential cellular processes. It may also aid in comprehending evolutionary aspects of such associations.
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4
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Theoretical study of a proton wire mechanism for the peptide bond formation in the ribosome. Theor Chem Acc 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-017-2066-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Świderek K, Marti S, Tuñón I, Moliner V, Bertran J. Peptide Bond Formation Mechanism Catalyzed by Ribosome. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12024-34. [PMID: 26325003 PMCID: PMC4582011 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b05916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present a study of the peptide bond formation reaction catalyzed by ribosome. Different mechanistic proposals have been explored by means of Free Energy Perturbation methods within hybrid QM/MM potentials, where the chemical system has been described by the M06-2X functional and the environment by means of the AMBER force field. According to our results, the most favorable mechanism in the ribosome would proceed through an eight-membered ring transition state, involving a proton shuttle mechanism through the hydroxyl group of the sugar and a water molecule. This transition state is similar to that described for the reaction in solution (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 8708-8719), but the reaction mechanisms are noticeably different. Our simulations reproduce the experimentally determined catalytic effect of ribosome that can be explained by the different behavior of the two environments. While the solvent reorganizes during the chemical process involving an entropic penalty, the ribosome is preorganized in the formation of the Michaelis complex and does not suffer important changes along the reaction, dampening the charge redistribution of the chemical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Świderek
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica; Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón (Spain)
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, (Poland)
| | - Sergio Marti
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica; Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón (Spain)
| | - Iñaki Tuñón
- Departament de Química Física, Universitat de València, 46100 Burjasot, (Spain)
| | - Vicent Moliner
- Departament de Química Física i Analítica; Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellón (Spain)
| | - Juan Bertran
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, (Spain)
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6
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Maini R, Chowdhury SR, Dedkova LM, Roy B, Daskalova SM, Paul R, Chen S, Hecht SM. Protein Synthesis with Ribosomes Selected for the Incorporation of β-Amino Acids. Biochemistry 2015; 54:3694-706. [PMID: 25982410 PMCID: PMC4472090 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In an earlier study, β³-puromycin was used for the selection of modified ribosomes, which were utilized for the incorporation of five different β-amino acids into Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The selected ribosomes were able to incorporate structurally disparate β-amino acids into DHFR, in spite of the use of a single puromycin for the selection of the individual clones. In this study, we examine the extent to which the structure of the β³-puromycin employed for ribosome selection influences the regio- and stereochemical preferences of the modified ribosomes during protein synthesis; the mechanistic probe was a single suppressor tRNA(CUA) activated with each of four methyl-β-alanine isomers (1-4). The modified ribosomes were found to incorporate each of the four isomeric methyl-β-alanines into DHFR but exhibited a preference for incorporation of 3(S)-methyl-β-alanine (β-mAla; 4), i.e., the isomer having the same regio- and stereochemistry as the O-methylated β-tyrosine moiety of β³-puromycin. Also conducted were a selection of clones that are responsive to β²-puromycin and a demonstration of reversal of the regio- and stereochemical preferences of these clones during protein synthesis. These results were incorporated into a structural model of the modified regions of 23S rRNA, which included in silico prediction of a H-bonding network. Finally, it was demonstrated that incorporation of 3(S)-methyl-β-alanine (β-mAla; 4) into a short α-helical region of the nucleic acid binding domain of hnRNP LL significantly stabilized the helix without affecting its DNA binding properties.
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MESH Headings
- Alanine/analogs & derivatives
- Alanine/chemistry
- Alanine/metabolism
- Escherichia coli/enzymology
- Escherichia coli/metabolism
- Escherichia coli Proteins/biosynthesis
- Escherichia coli Proteins/chemistry
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/biosynthesis
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/chemistry
- Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L/genetics
- Humans
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Dynamics Simulation
- Mutant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Mutant Proteins/chemistry
- Mutant Proteins/genetics
- Nucleotide Motifs
- Peptidyl Transferases/genetics
- Peptidyl Transferases/metabolism
- Protein Conformation
- Protein Stability
- Puromycin/analogs & derivatives
- Puromycin/chemistry
- Puromycin/metabolism
- RNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- RNA, Bacterial/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/metabolism
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/chemistry
- RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/biosynthesis
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Ribosomes/metabolism
- Stereoisomerism
- Substrate Specificity
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/biosynthesis
- Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumit Maini
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sandipan Roy Chowdhury
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Larisa M. Dedkova
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Basab Roy
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sasha M. Daskalova
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rakesh Paul
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Shengxi Chen
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Sidney M. Hecht
- Center for BioEnergetics,
Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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7
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A theoretical model investigation of peptide bond formation involving two water molecules in ribosome supports the two-step and eight membered ring mechanism. Chem Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Monajemi H, Mohd Zain S, Wan Abdullah WAT. The P-site A76 2′-OH acts as a peptidyl shuttle in a stepwise peptidyl transfer mechanism. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra02767e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The P-site-A76-2′OH transfers the polypeptide chain to the A-site α-amine and A2451 facilitates this transfer by acting as proton shuttle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadieh Monajemi
- Department of Physics
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Sharifuddin Mohd Zain
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Malaya
- 50603 Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
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9
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A proton wire to couple aminoacyl-tRNA accommodation and peptide-bond formation on the ribosome. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2014; 21:787-93. [PMID: 25132179 PMCID: PMC4156881 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During peptide bond formation on the ribosome the α-amine of an aminoacyl-tRNA attacks the ester carbonyl carbon of a peptidyl-tRNA to yield a peptide lengthened by one amino acid. Although the ribosome's contribution to catalysis is predominantly entropic, the lack of high-resolution structural data for the complete active site in complex with full-length ligands has made it difficult to assess how the ribosome might influence the pathway of the reaction. Here, we present crystal structures of pre-attack and post-catalysis complexes of the Thermus thermophilus 70S ribosome at ∼2.6 Å resolution. These structures reveal a network of hydrogen bonds along which proton transfer could take place to ensure the concerted, rate-limiting formation of a tetrahedral intermediate. Unlike earlier models, we propose that the ribosome and the A-site tRNA facilitate the deprotonation of the nucleophile through the activation of a water molecule.
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10
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V. Ramakrishnan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, United Kingdom; ,
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11
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Mellal D, Fonvielle M, Santarem M, Chemama M, Schneider Y, Iannazzo L, Braud E, Arthur M, Etheve-Quelquejeu M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of non-isomerizable analogues of Ala-tRNAAla. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:6161-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob41206g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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12
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Shaw JJ, Trobro S, He SL, Åqvist J, Green R. A Role for the 2' OH of peptidyl-tRNA substrate in peptide release on the ribosome revealed through RF-mediated rescue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 19:983-93. [PMID: 22921065 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The 2' OH of the peptidyl-tRNA substrate is thought to be important for catalysis of both peptide bond formation and peptide release in the ribosomal active site. The release reaction also specifically depends on a release factor protein (RF) to hydrolyze the ester linkage of the peptidyl-tRNA upon recognition of stop codons in the A site. Here, we demonstrate that certain amino acid substitutions (in particular those containing hydroxyl or thiol groups) in the conserved GGQ glutamine of release factor RF1 can rescue defects in the release reaction associated with peptidyl-tRNA substrates lacking a 2' OH. We explored this rescue effect through biochemical and computational approaches that support a model where the 2' OH of the P-site substrate is critical for orienting the nucleophile in a hydrogen-bonding network productive for catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Shaw
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Fukushima K, Iwahashi H, Nishikimi M. ONIOM Study of a Proton Shuttle-Catalyzed Stepwise Mechanism for Peptide Bond Formation in the Ribosome. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2012. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Morimitsu Nishikimi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Nagoya Women’s University
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14
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Acosta-Silva C, Bertran J, Branchadell V, Oliva A. Quantum-Mechanical Study on the Mechanism of Peptide Bond Formation in the Ribosome. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5817-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ja209558d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carles Acosta-Silva
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Bertran
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Vicenç Branchadell
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antoni Oliva
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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15
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Pech M, Nierhaus KH. The thorny way to the mechanism of ribosomal peptide-bond formation. Chembiochem 2012; 13:189-92. [PMID: 22213275 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Pech
- Department, AG Ribosomen, Abteilung Vingron, Max-Planck-Insitut für Molekulare Genetik, Ihnestrasse 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Leung EKY, Suslov N, Tuttle N, Sengupta R, Piccirilli JA. The Mechanism of Peptidyl Transfer Catalysis by the Ribosome. Annu Rev Biochem 2011; 80:527-55. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-082108-165150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nikolai Suslov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Nicole Tuttle
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637;
| | - Raghuvir Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Joseph Anthony Piccirilli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago, Illinois 60637
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637;
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17
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Duca M, Trindle CO, Hecht SM. Structural basis for the exceptional stability of bisaminoacylated nucleotides and transfer RNAs. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:11368-77. [PMID: 21648486 DOI: 10.1021/ja203994e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
At least one bisaminoacyl-tRNA is synthesized in nature (by Thermus thermophilus phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase), and many disubstituted tRNAs have been prepared in vitro. Such misacylated tRNAs are able to participate in protein synthesis, even though they lack the free 2'-OH group of the 3'-terminal adenosine moiety. Their ready participation in protein synthesis implies significant chemical reactivity. The basis for this reactivity has been documented previously. Surprisingly, the aminoacyl moieties of these tRNAs also exhibit exceptional chemical stability. In the present report, bisaminoacylated nucleotides are investigated computationally and experimentally to define the basis for the stability of such species. Molecular modeling of bisalanyl-AMP in the absence of solvent and in the presence of a limited number of water molecules revealed two common features among the low-energy structures. The first was the presence of H-bonding interactions between the two aminoacyl moieties. The second was the presence of a H-bonding interaction between the 2'-O-alanyl moiety and the N-3 atom of the adenine nucleobase, typically mediated through a water molecule. The prediction of an interaction between an aminoacyl moiety and the adenine nucleobase was confirmed experimentally by comparing the behavior of bisalanyl-AMP and bisalanyl-UMP in the presence of model nucleophiles. This study suggests a possible role for the adenosine moiety at the 3'-end of aminoanyl-tRNAs in controlling the stability and reactivity of the aminoacyl moiety and has important implications for the reactivity and stability of normal aminoacyl-tRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Duca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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18
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Zaher HS, Shaw JJ, Strobel SA, Green R. The 2'-OH group of the peptidyl-tRNA stabilizes an active conformation of the ribosomal PTC. EMBO J 2011; 30:2445-53. [PMID: 21552203 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2011.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ribosome accelerates the rate of peptidyl transfer by >10(6)-fold relative to the background rate. A widely accepted model for this rate enhancement invokes entropic effects whereby the ribosome and the 2'-OH of the peptidyl-tRNA substrate precisely position the reactive moieties through an extensive network of hydrogen bonds that allows proton movement through them. Some studies, however, have called this model into question because they find the 2'-OH of the peptidyl-tRNA to be dispensable for catalysis. Here, we use an in vitro reconstituted translation system to resolve these discrepancies. We find that catalysis is at least 100-fold slower with the dA76-substituted peptidyl-tRNA substrate and that the peptidyl transferase centre undergoes a slow inactivation when the peptidyl-tRNA lacks the 2'-OH group. Additionally, the 2'-OH group was found to be critical for EFTu binding and peptide release. These findings reconcile the conflict in the literature, and support a model where interactions between active site residues and the 2'-OH of A76 of the peptidyl-tRNA are pivotal in orienting substrates in this active site for optimal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani S Zaher
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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19
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Huang Y, Sprinzl M. Peptide Bond Formation on the Ribosome: The Role of the 2′-OH Group on the Terminal Adenosine of Peptidyl-tRNA and of the Length of Nascent Peptide Chain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7287-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2010] [Revised: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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20
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Huang Y, Sprinzl M. Bildung der Peptidbindung im Ribosom: die Rolle der 2′-OH-Gruppe des terminalen Adenosins der Peptidyl-tRNA und der Länge der entstehenden Peptidkette. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Krishnakumar KS, Goudedranche S, Bouchu D, Strazewski P. The Shortest Synthetic Route to Puromycin Analogues Using a Modified Robins Approach. J Org Chem 2011; 76:2253-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo102178h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kollappillil S. Krishnakumar
- Laboratoire de Synthèse de Biomolécules (UMR 5246, ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Goudedranche
- Laboratoire de Synthèse de Biomolécules (UMR 5246, ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Denis Bouchu
- Laboratoire de Synthèse de Biomolécules (UMR 5246, ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Peter Strazewski
- Laboratoire de Synthèse de Biomolécules (UMR 5246, ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 boulevard du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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22
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Krishnakumar KS, Michel BY, Nguyen-Trung NQ, Fenet B, Strazewski P. Intrinsic pKa values of 3′-N-α-l-aminoacyl-3′-aminodeoxyadenosines determined by pH dependent 1H NMR in H2O. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3290-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05136e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Fonvielle M, Chemama M, Lecerf M, Villet R, Busca P, Bouhss A, Ethève-Quelquejeu M, Arthur M. Decoding the Logic of the tRNA Regiospecificity of Nonribosomal FemXWv Aminoacyl Transferase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:5115-9. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201001473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Fonvielle M, Chemama M, Lecerf M, Villet R, Busca P, Bouhss A, Ethève-Quelquejeu M, Arthur M. Decoding the Logic of the tRNA Regiospecificity of Nonribosomal FemXWv Aminoacyl Transferase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201001473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Chirkova A, Erlacher MD, Clementi N, Zywicki M, Aigner M, Polacek N. The role of the universally conserved A2450-C2063 base pair in the ribosomal peptidyl transferase center. Nucleic Acids Res 2010; 38:4844-55. [PMID: 20375101 PMCID: PMC2919715 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkq213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that all 23S rRNA nucleotides that build the ribosomal peptidyl transferase ribozyme are universally conserved, standard and atomic mutagenesis studies revealed the nucleobase identities being non-critical for catalysis. This indicates that these active site residues are highly conserved for functions distinct from catalysis. To gain insight into potential contributions, we have manipulated the nucleobases via an atomic mutagenesis approach and have utilized these chemically engineered ribosomes for in vitro translation reactions. We show that most of the active site nucleobases could be removed without significant effects on polypeptide production. Our data however highlight the functional importance of the universally conserved non-Watson-Crick base pair at position A2450-C2063. Modifications that disrupt this base pair markedly impair translation activities, while having little effects on peptide bond formation, tRNA drop-off and ribosome-dependent EF-G GTPase activity. Thus it seems that disruption of the A2450-C2063 pair inhibits a reaction following transpeptidation and EF-G action during the elongation cycle. Cumulatively our data are compatible with the hypothesis that the integrity of this A-C wobble base pair is essential for effective tRNA translocation through the peptidyl transferase center during protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chirkova
- Innsbruck Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Division of Genomics and RNomics, Innsbruck, Austria
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What recent ribosome structures have revealed about the mechanism of translation. Nature 2009; 461:1234-42. [DOI: 10.1038/nature08403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 533] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Cell-free protein synthesis energized by slowly-metabolized maltodextrin. BMC Biotechnol 2009; 9:58. [PMID: 19558718 PMCID: PMC2716334 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-9-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2009] [Accepted: 06/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) is a rapid and high throughput technology for obtaining proteins from their genes. The primary energy source ATP is regenerated from the secondary energy source through substrate phosphorylation in CFPS. RESULTS Distinct from common secondary energy sources (e.g., phosphoenolpyruvate - PEP, glucose-6-phosphate), maltodextrin was used for energizing CFPS through substrate phosphorylation and the glycolytic pathway because (i) maltodextrin can be slowly catabolized by maltodextrin phosphorylase for continuous ATP regeneration, (ii) maltodextrin phosphorylation can recycle one phosphate per reaction for glucose-1-phosphate generation, and (iii) the maltodextrin chain-shortening reaction can produce one ATP per glucose equivalent more than glucose can. Three model proteins, esterase 2 from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius, green fluorescent protein, and xylose reductase from Neurospora crassa were synthesized for demonstration. CONCLUSION Slowly-metabolized maltodextrin as a low-cost secondary energy compound for CFPS produced higher levels of proteins than PEP, glucose, and glucose-6-phospahte. The enhancement of protein synthesis was largely attributed to better-controlled phosphate levels (recycling of inorganic phosphate) and a more homeostatic reaction environment.
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Moroder H, Steger J, Graber D, Fauster K, Trappl K, Marquez V, Polacek N, Wilson D, Micura R. Non-Hydrolyzable RNA-Peptide Conjugates: A Powerful Advance in the Synthesis of Mimics for 3′-Peptidyl tRNA Termini. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Moroder H, Steger J, Graber D, Fauster K, Trappl K, Marquez V, Polacek N, Wilson D, Micura R. Non-Hydrolyzable RNA-Peptide Conjugates: A Powerful Advance in the Synthesis of Mimics for 3′-Peptidyl tRNA Termini. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:4056-60. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Zimmerman E, Yonath A. Biological implications of the ribosome's stunning stereochemistry. Chembiochem 2009; 10:63-72. [PMID: 19089882 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200800554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ribosome's striking architecture is ingeniously designed for its efficient polymerase activity in the biosynthesis of proteins, which is a prerequisite for cell vitality. This elaborate architecture is comprised of a universal symmetrical region that connects all of the ribosomal functional centers involved in protein biosynthesis. Assisted by the mobility of selected ribosomal nucleotides, the symmetrical region provides the structural tools that are required not only for peptide bond formation, but also for fast and smooth successive elongation of nascent proteins. It confines the path along which the A-tRNA 3'-end is rotated into the P-site in concert with the overall tRNA/mRNA sideways movement, thus providing the required stereochemistry for peptide bond formation and substrate-mediated catalysis. The extreme flexibility of the nucleotides that facilitate peptide bond formation is being exploited to promote antibiotic selectivity and synergism, as well as to combat antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Zimmerman
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
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