1
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Wilmore JT, Beer PD. Exploiting the Mechanical Bond Effect for Enhanced Molecular Recognition and Sensing. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309098. [PMID: 38174657 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The ubiquity of charged species in biological and industrial processes has resulted in ever-increasing interest in their selective recognition, detection, and environmental remediation. Building on the established coordination chemistry principles of the chelate and macrocyclic effects, and host preorganization, supramolecular chemists seek to construct specific 3D binding cavities reminiscent of biotic systems to enhance host-guest binding affinity and selectivity. Mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) present a wholly unique platform for synthetic host design, wherein topologies afforded by the mechanical bond enable the decoration of 3D cavities for non-covalent interactions with a range of target guest geometries. Notably, MIM host systems exhibit mechanical bond effect augmented affinities and selectivities for a variety of charged guest species, compared to non-interlocked acyclic and macrocycle host analogs. Furthermore, the modular nature of MIM synthesis facilitates incorporation of optical and electrochemical reporter groups, enabling fabrication of highly sensitive and specific molecular sensors. This review discusses the development of recognition and sensing MIMs, from the first reports in the late 20th century through to the present day, delineating how their topologically preorganized and dynamic host cavities enhance charged guest recognition and sensing, demonstrating the mechanical bond effect as a potent tool in future chemosensing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie T Wilmore
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Paul D Beer
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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2
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Yao Y, Tse YC, Lai SKM, Shi Y, Low KH, Au-Yeung HY. Dynamic mechanostereochemical switching of a co-conformationally flexible [2]catenane controlled by specific ionic guests. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1952. [PMID: 38433258 PMCID: PMC10909852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46099-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Responsive synthetic receptors for adaptive recognition of different ionic guests in a competitive environment are valuable molecular tools for not only ion sensing and transport, but also the development of ion-responsive smart materials and related technologies. By virtue of the mechanical chelation and ability to undergo large-amplitude co-conformational changes, described herein is the discovery of a chameleon-like [2]catenane that selectively binds copper(I) or sulfate ions and its associated co-conformational mechanostereochemical switching. This work highlights not only the advantages and versatility of catenane as a molecular skeleton in receptor design, but also its potential in constructing complex responsive systems with multiple inputs and outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueliang Yao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen Cheong Tse
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Yixiang Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Yu Au-Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry and HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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3
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Shi K, Jia G, Wu Y, Zhang S, Chen J. Dynamic control of circumrotation of a [2]catenane by acid-base switching. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202300304. [PMID: 38333963 DOI: 10.1002/open.202300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynamic control of the motion in a catenane remains a big challenge as it requires precise design and sophisticated well-organized structures. This paper reports the design and synthesis of a donor-acceptor [2]catenane through mechanical interlocking, employing a crown ether featuring two dibenzylammonium salts on its side arms as the host and a cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene) (CBPQT ⋅ 4PF6 ) ring as the guest molecule. By addition of external acid or base, the catenane can form self-complexed or decomplexed compounds to alter the cavity size of the crown ether ring, consequently affecting circumrotation rate of CBPQT ⋅ 4PF6 ring of the catenane. This study offers insights for the design and exploration of artificial molecular machines with intricate cascading responsive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelun Shi
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guohui Jia
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shilong Zhang
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiawen Chen
- SCNU-UG International Joint Laboratory of Molecular Science and Displays, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
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4
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Nandi M, Bej S, Jana T, Ghosh P. From construction to application of a new generation of interlocked molecules composed of heteroditopic wheels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 38015500 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03778a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, research on mechanically interlocked molecules has significantly evolved owing to their unique structural features and interesting properties. A substantial percentage of the reported works have focused on the synthetic strategies, leading to the preparation of functional MIMs for their applications in the chemical, materials, and biomedical sciences. Importantly, various macrocyclic wheels with specific heteroditopicity (including phenanthroline, amide, amine, oxy-ether, isophthalamide, calixarene and triazole) and threading axles (bipyridine, phenanthroline, pyridinium, triazolium, etc.) have been designed to synthesize targeted multifunctional mononuclear/multinuclear pseudorotaxanes, rotaxanes and catenanes. The structural uniqueness of these interlocked systems is advantageous owing to the presence of mechanical bonds with specific three-dimensional cavities. Furthermore, their multi-functionalities and preorganised structural entities exhibit a high potential for versatile applications, like switching, shuttling, dynamic properties, recognition and sensing. In this feature article, we describe some of the most recent advances in the construction and chemical behaviour of a new generation of interlocked molecules, primarily focusing on heteroditopic wheels and their applications in different directions of the modern research area. Furthermore, we outline the future prospects and significant perspectives of the new generation heteroditopic wheel based interlocked molecules in different emerging areas of science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandira Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Somnath Bej
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Tarun Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India.
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5
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Katoono R, Arisawa K. Two-ring chirality generated by the alignment of two achiral phenylacetylene macrocycles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:11712-11719. [PMID: 37063719 PMCID: PMC10102884 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01780j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
When two achiral rings are bound mechanically, a chiral source is generated in the assembly. The chiroptical properties could be modulated according to the relative occupation of each ring in the assembly. In fact, we have found that two isomeric assemblies (1 and 2) show unique properties in each assembly with two achiral rings of phenylacetylene macrocycle (PAM). When considering the difference in the chiroptical properties of these two isomeric assemblies (6PAM × 2), no comparison was available based on no activity of the achiral component element itself (6PAM). In this work, we synthesized a two-ring chiral analog (4) by the ring-fusion of two 6PAMs to an 11PAM, and examined the chiroptical properties of 4, since the single helix was imparted as a chiral source. By comparison of the chiroptical properties (molar circular dichroism and molar optical rotation) of 1 and 2 to those of 4, we demonstrated that the disparity was related to the alignment of the two achiral rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan +81-11-706-4616
| | - Kohei Arisawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan +81-11-706-4616
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6
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Wagner P, Rominger F, Gross JH, Mastalerz M. Solvent-Controlled Quadruple Catenation of Giant Chiral [8+12] Salicylimine Cubes Driven by Weak Hydrogen Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217251. [PMID: 36695113 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked structures are fascinating synthetic targets and the topological complexity achieved through catenation offers numerous possibilities for the construction of new molecules with exciting properties. In the structural space of catenated organic cage molecules, only few examples have been realized so far, and control over the catenation process in solution is still barely achieved. Herein, we describe the formation of a quadruply interlocked catenane of giant chiral [8+12] salicylimine cubes. The formation could be controlled by the choice of solvent used in the reaction. The interlocked structure was unambiguously characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and weak hydrogen bonding was identified as a central driving force for the catenation. Furthermore, scrambling experiments using partially deuterated cages were performed, revealing that the catenane formation occurs through mechanical interlocking of preformed single cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Wagner
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen H Gross
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Rodríguez-Rubio A, Savoini A, Modicom F, Butler P, Goldup SM. A Co-conformationally "Topologically" Chiral Catenane. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11927-11932. [PMID: 35763555 PMCID: PMC9348828 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Catenanes composed of two achiral rings that are oriented (Cnh symmetry) because of the sequence of atoms they contain are referred to as topologically chiral. Here, we present the synthesis of a highly enantioenriched catenane containing a related but overlooked "co-conformationally 'topologically' chiral" stereogenic unit, which arises when a bilaterally symmetric Cnv ring is desymmetrized by the position of an oriented macrocycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Rodríguez-Rubio
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Savoini
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Florian Modicom
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Butler
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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8
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Au-Yeung HY, Deng Y. Distinctive features and challenges in catenane chemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3315-3334. [PMID: 35432874 PMCID: PMC8943846 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05391d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
From being an aesthetic molecular object to a building block for the construction of molecular machines, catenanes and related mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) continue to attract immense interest in many research areas. Catenane chemistry is closely tied to that of rotaxanes and knots, and involves concepts like mechanical bonds, chemical topology and co-conformation that are unique to these molecules. Yet, because of their different topological structures and mechanical bond properties, there are some fundamental differences between the chemistry of catenanes and that of rotaxanes and knots although the boundary is sometimes blurred. Clearly distinguishing these differences, in aspects of bonding, structure, synthesis and properties, between catenanes and other MIMs is therefore of fundamental importance to understand their chemistry and explore the new opportunities from mechanical bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Yu Au-Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P. R. China
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9
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Yu LJ, Cullen DA, Morshedi M, Coote ML, White NG. Room Temperature Hydrolysis of Benzamidines and Benzamidiniums in Weakly Basic Water. J Org Chem 2021; 86:13762-13767. [PMID: 34549965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Benzamidinium compounds have found widespread use in both medicinal and supramolecular chemistry. In this work, we show that benzamidiniums hydrolyze at room temperature in aqueous base to give the corresponding primary amide. This reaction has a half-life of 300 days for unsubstituted benzamidinium at pH 9, but is relatively rapid at higher pH's (e.g., t1/2 = 6 days at pH 11 and 15 h at pH 13). Quantum chemistry combined with first-principles kinetic modeling can reproduce these trends and explain them in terms of the dominant pathway being initiated by attack of HO- on benzamidine. Incorporation of the amidinium motif into a hydrogen bonded framework offers a substantial protective effect against hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Yu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Duncan A Cullen
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur H. G. David
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 United States
- School of Chemistry University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
- Stoddart Institute of Molecular Science Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310021 China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215 China
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11
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12
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Furusho Y, Endo T. Supramolecular polymer gels formed from polyamidine and random copolymer of
n‐butyl
acrylate and acrylic acid. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Furusho
- Department of Chemistry Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Shiga Japan
- Molecular Engineering Institute Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Japan
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13
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Thomas CM, Foyle ÉM, Walker SE, White NG. An Investigation of Five Component [3+2] Self-Assembled Cage Formation Using Amidinium···Carboxylate Hydrogen Bonds. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch21101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of hydrogen bonded cages using amidinium···carboxylate hydrogen bonding interactions was investigated. A new tris-amidinium hydrogen bond donor tecton based on a tetraphenylmethane scaffold was prepared and its self-assembly with the terephthalate anion studied, and a new tricarboxylate hydrogen bond acceptor tecton was synthesised and its assembly with the 1,3-benzenebis(amidinium) hydrogen bond donor explored. In both cases, molecular modelling indicated that the formation of the cages was geometrically feasible and 1H NMR spectroscopic evidence was consistent with interactions between the components in competitive d6-DMSO solvent mixtures. DOSY NMR spectroscopy of both systems indicated that both components diffuse at the same rate as each other, and diffusion coefficients were consistent with cage formation, and with the formation of assemblies significantly larger than the individual components. An X-ray crystal structure showed that one of the assemblies did not have the desired cage structure in the solid state.
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14
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Li WJ, Hu Z, Xu L, Wang XQ, Wang W, Yin GQ, Zhang DY, Sun Z, Li X, Sun H, Yang HB. Rotaxane-Branched Dendrimers with Enhanced Photosensitization. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16748-16756. [PMID: 32869633 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During the past few decades, fabrication of functional rotaxane-branched dendrimers has become one of the most attractive yet challenging topics within supramolecular chemistry and materials science. Herein, we present the successful fabrication of a family of new rotaxane-branched dendrimers containing up to 21 platinum atoms and 42 photosensitizer moieties through an efficient and controllable divergent approach. Notably, the photosensitization efficiencies of these rotaxane-branched dendrimers gradually increased with the increase of dendrimer generation. For example, third-generation rotaxane-branched dendrimer PG3 revealed 13.3-fold higher 1O2 generation efficiency than its corresponding monomer AN. The enhanced 1O2 generation efficiency was attributed to the enhancement of intersystem crossing (ISC) through the simple and efficient incorporation of multiple heavy atoms and photosensitizer moieties on the axles and wheels of the rotaxane units, respectively, which has been validated by UV-visible and fluorescence techniques, time-dependent density functional theory calculations, photolysis model reactions, and apparent activation energy calculations. Therefore, we develop a new promising platform of rotaxane-branched dendrimers for the preparation of effective photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhubin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Qiang Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China.,College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhenrong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes & Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 3663 N. Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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15
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Martinez-Cuezva A, Saura-Sanmartin A, Alajarin M, Berna J. Mechanically Interlocked Catalysts for Asymmetric Synthesis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martinez-Cuezva
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Adrian Saura-Sanmartin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Mateo Alajarin
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Berna
- Departamento de Quı́mica Orgánica, Facultad de Quı́mica, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”, Universidad de Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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16
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Tominaga M, Hyodo T, Maekawa Y, Kawahata M, Yamaguchi K. One‐Step Synthesis of Cyclophanes as Crystalline Sponge and Their [2]Catenanes through S
N
Ar Reactions. Chemistry 2020; 26:5157-5161. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahide Tominaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa CampusTokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Tadashi Hyodo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa CampusTokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Yumi Maekawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa CampusTokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kawahata
- Showa Pharmaceutical University 3–3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machida Tokyo 194-8543 Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa CampusTokushima Bunri University 1314-1 Shido, Sanuki Kagawa 769-2193 Japan
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17
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Peil A, Zhan P, Liu N. DNA Origami Catenanes Templated by Gold Nanoparticles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1905987. [PMID: 31917513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201905987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules have marked a breakthrough in the field of topological chemistry and boosted the vigorous development of molecular machinery. As an archetypal example of the interlocked molecules, catenanes comprise macrocycles that are threaded through one another like links in a chain. Inspired by the transition metal-templated approach of catenanes synthesis, the hierarchical assembly of DNA origami catenanes templated by gold nanoparticles is demonstrated in this work. DNA origami catenanes, which contain two, three or four interlocked rings are successfully created. In particular, the origami rings within the individual catenanes can be set free with respect to one another by releasing the interconnecting gold nanoparticles. This work will set the basis for rich progress toward DNA-based molecular architectures with unique structural programmability and well-defined topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Peil
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pengfei Zhan
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Na Liu
- Max-Planck-Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Kirchhoff-Institute for Physics, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Goswami A, Saha S, Biswas PK, Schmittel M. (Nano)mechanical Motion Triggered by Metal Coordination: from Functional Devices to Networked Multicomponent Catalytic Machinery. Chem Rev 2019; 120:125-199. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abir Goswami
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Suchismita Saha
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Pronay Kumar Biswas
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Schmittel
- Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and Engineering, Organische Chemie I, Universität Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Strase 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
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19
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Tai TY, Liu YH, Lai CC, Peng SM, Chiu SH. Absolute Configurations of Topologically Chiral [2]Catenanes and the Acid/Base-Flippable Directions of Their Optical Rotations. Org Lett 2019; 21:5708-5712. [PMID: 31283244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The absolute configurations of the two enantiomers of a topologically chiral [2]catenane were determined unambiguously based on HPLC resolution and X-ray crystal analysis. Although structurally dissimilar to simple amino acids, the optical rotations of these separated [2]catenanes share the Clough-Lutz-Jirgensons behavior of amino acids: the optical rotation flips direction in the presence of acid and base, the first example of such behavior for a mechanically interlocked topologically chiral catenane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Tai
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan , R.O.C
| | - Yi-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan , R.O.C
| | - Chien-Chen Lai
- Institute of Molecular Biology , National Chung Hsing University , Taichung City 402 , Taiwan , R.O.C
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan , R.O.C
| | - Sheng-Hsien Chiu
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan , R.O.C
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20
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Boer SA, Morshedi M, Tarzia A, Doonan CJ, White NG. Molecular Tectonics: A Node‐and‐Linker Building Block Approach to a Family of Hydrogen‐Bonded Frameworks. Chemistry 2019; 25:10006-10012. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A. Boer
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry Molecular Sciences Research Hub White City Campus Imperial College London UK
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Christian J. Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials The University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA Australia
| | - Nicholas G. White
- Research School of Chemistry The Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
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21
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Katoono R, Kusaka K, Saito Y, Sakamoto K, Suzuki T. Chiral diversification through the assembly of achiral phenylacetylene macrocycles with a two-fold bridge. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4782-4791. [PMID: 31160955 PMCID: PMC6510063 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00972h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate so-called "chiral diversification", which is a design strategy to create multiple chiral molecules through the assembly and double-bridging of achiral components. We used phenylacetylene macrocycles (PAMs) as an achiral element. In a molecule, two achiral rings of [6]PAM are stacked one above the other, or bound to each other mechanically. As an alternative, a single enlarged ring of [12]PAM was also assumed to be a doubled form of [6]PAM. In any case, one or two ring(s) are doubly-bridged by covalent bonds to exert chirality. Through intramolecular two-bond formation, these multiple chiral molecules were obtained as a set of products in one reaction. The dynamic chirality generated in molecules with either two helically-stacked rings of [6]PAM or a single helically-folded ring of [12]PAM was characterized by induced Cotton effects with the aid of an external chiral source. Thus, a chiral structure based on [12]PAM could be demonstrated as the first success. Alternatively, enantiomeric separation was achieved for molecules with two interlocked rings of [6]PAM to show remarkable chiroptical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katoono
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81 11 706-3396
| | - Keiichi Kusaka
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81 11 706-3396
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81 11 706-3396
| | - Kazuki Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81 11 706-3396
| | - Takanori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science , Hokkaido University , Sapporo 060-0810 , Japan . ; ; Tel: +81 11 706-3396
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22
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White NG. Recent advances in self-assembled amidinium and guanidinium frameworks. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7062-7068. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05030a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in amidinium and guanidinium-containing hydrogen-bonded framework materials are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. White
- Research School of Chemistry
- The Australian National Univeristy
- Canberra
- Australia
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23
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Nandi M, Bej S, Ghosh TK, Ghosh P. A multifunctional catenated host for the efficient binding of Eu3+ and Gd3+. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3085-3088. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
[2]Catenane consists of various functional groups and shows efficient binding towards Eu3+ and Gd3+. A cavity-bound catenated structure is also demonstrated by single crystal X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandira Nandi
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Somnath Bej
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Tamal Kanti Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science
- Kolkata 700032
- India
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24
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Jamieson EMG, Modicom F, Goldup SM. Chirality in rotaxanes and catenanes. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:5266-5311. [PMID: 29796501 PMCID: PMC6049620 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although chiral mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) have been synthesised and studied, enantiopure examples are relatively under-represented in the pantheon of reported catenanes and rotaxanes and the underlying chirality of the system is often even overlooked. This is changing with the advent of new applications of MIMs in catalysis, sensing and materials and the appearance of new methods to access unusual stereogenic units unique to the mechanical bond. Here we discuss the different stereogenic units that have been investigated in catenanes and rotaxanes, examples of their application, methods for assigning absolute stereochemistry and provide a perspective on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. G. Jamieson
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
| | - F. Modicom
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
| | - S. M. Goldup
- Chemistry
, University of Southampton
,
University Road, Highfield
, Southampton
, SO17 1BJ
, UK
.
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25
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Denis M, Pancholi J, Jobe K, Watkinson M, Goldup SM. Chelating Rotaxane Ligands as Fluorescent Sensors for Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:5310-5314. [PMID: 29537728 PMCID: PMC5947674 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although metal-ion-binding interlocked molecules have been under intense investigation for over three decades, their application as scaffolds for the development of sensors for metal ions remains underexplored. In this work, we demonstrate the potential of simple rotaxanes as metal-ion-responsive ligand scaffolds through the development of a proof-of-concept selective sensor for Zn2+ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- ChemistryUniversity of SouthamptonHighfieldSouthamptonSO17 1BJUK
| | - Jessica Pancholi
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Kajally Jobe
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- School of Biological and Chemical SciencesQueen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondonE1 4NSUK
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26
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Denis M, Pancholi J, Jobe K, Watkinson M, Goldup SM. Chelating Rotaxane Ligands as Fluorescent Sensors for Metal Ions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Denis
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Jessica Pancholi
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Kajally Jobe
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Queen Mary University of London; Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK
| | - Stephen M. Goldup
- Chemistry; University of Southampton; Highfield Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
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27
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Lewis JEM, Galli M, Goldup SM. Properties and emerging applications of mechanically interlocked ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:298-312. [PMID: 27819362 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07377h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanically interlocked molecules have a long and rich history as ligands thanks to the key role coordination chemistry has played in the development of high yielding passive template syntheses of rotaxanes and catenanes. In this Feature Article, we highlight the effect of the mechanical bond on the properties of metal ions bound within the sterically hindered environment of the macrocycle cavity, and discuss the emerging applications of interlocked ligands in catalysis, sensing and supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E M Lewis
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Marzia Galli
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
| | - Stephen M Goldup
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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28
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Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up Multiple Interlocked Co-Conformations for Silver(I) Coordination. Chemistry 2017; 23:14163-14166. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
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29
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Thomas M, Anglim Lagones T, Judd M, Morshedi M, O'Mara ML, White NG. Hydrogen bond-Driven Self-Assembly between Amidinium Cations and Carboxylate Anions: A Combined Molecular Dynamics, NMR Spectroscopy, and Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction Study. Chem Asian J 2017; 12:1587-1597. [PMID: 28544634 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201700406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A combination of molecular dynamics (MD), NMR spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) techniques was used to probe the self-assembly of para- and meta-bis(amidinium) compounds with para-, meta-, and ortho-dicarboxylates. Good concordance was observed between the MD and experimental results. In DMSO solution, the systems form several rapidly exchanging assemblies, in part because a range of hydrogen bonding interactions is possible between the amidinium and carboxylate moieties. Upon crystallization, the majority of the systems form 1D supramolecular polymers, which are held together by short N-H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Thomas
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas Anglim Lagones
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Martyna Judd
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Megan L O'Mara
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
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30
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Morshedi M, Thomas M, Tarzia A, Doonan CJ, White NG. Supramolecular anion recognition in water: synthesis of hydrogen-bonded supramolecular frameworks. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3019-3025. [PMID: 28451369 PMCID: PMC5380882 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00201g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of tetratopic amidinium-containing receptors with terephthalate anions leads to porous framework materials assembled through charge-assisted hydrogen bonds. The frameworks form in good yield within minutes in water at room temperature, but no framework material is obtained if other anions (Cl-, Br-, NO3-, SO42- or isophthalate2-) are used in place of terephthalate. Two forms of the framework can be prepared: one with a connected pore network, and a more dense phase with discrete voids. We demonstrate that these are the kinetic and thermodynamic products, respectively. Either framework can be prepared independently and can be converted to the other form in response to stimuli. Furthermore, the frameworks can be controllably disassembled and reassembled in response to acid/base triggers suggesting that this new class of materials may have applications in the selective encapsulation and release of guests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahbod Morshedi
- Research School of Chemistry , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia . ; http://www.nwhitegroup.com
| | - Michael Thomas
- Research School of Chemistry , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia . ; http://www.nwhitegroup.com
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Christian J Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials , The University of Adelaide , Adelaide , SA , Australia
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry , The Australian National University , Canberra , ACT , Australia . ; http://www.nwhitegroup.com
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31
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32
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Yashima E, Ousaka N, Taura D, Shimomura K, Ikai T, Maeda K. Supramolecular Helical Systems: Helical Assemblies of Small Molecules, Foldamers, and Polymers with Chiral Amplification and Their Functions. Chem Rev 2016; 116:13752-13990. [PMID: 27754649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1198] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we describe the recent advances in supramolecular helical assemblies formed from chiral and achiral small molecules, oligomers (foldamers), and helical and nonhelical polymers from the viewpoints of their formations with unique chiral phenomena, such as amplification of chirality during the dynamic helically assembled processes, properties, and specific functionalities, some of which have not been observed in or achieved by biological systems. In addition, a brief historical overview of the helical assemblies of small molecules and remarkable progress in the synthesis of single-stranded and multistranded helical foldamers and polymers, their properties, structures, and functions, mainly since 2009, will also be described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiji Yashima
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Naoki Ousaka
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taura
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Kouhei Shimomura
- Department of Molecular Design and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University , Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Ikai
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
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33
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Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up the Co-conformations of a [2]Rotaxane for Metal Ion Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:12533-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
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34
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Baggi G, Loeb SJ. Rotationally Active Ligands: Dialing-Up the Co-conformations of a [2]Rotaxane for Metal Ion Binding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Baggi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
| | - Stephen J. Loeb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Windsor; Windsor Ontario N9B 3P4 Canada
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35
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Ren X, Wu Y, Clarke DE, Liu J, Wu G, Scherman OA. Surface-Bound Cucurbit[8]uril Catenanes on Magnetic Nanoparticles Exhibiting Molecular Recognition. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:2382-6. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201600875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohe Ren
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
| | - Yuchao Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
| | - David E. Clarke
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
| | - Ji Liu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
| | - Guanglu Wu
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
| | - Oren A. Scherman
- Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis; Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK), Fax: (+44) 01223-334866
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36
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Furusho Y, Endo T. Reversible capture and release of carbon dioxide by binary system of polyamidine and polyethylene glycol. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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37
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Li J, Yu Y, Luo L, Li Y, Wang P, Cao L, Wu B. Square [5]molecular necklace formed from cucurbit[8]uril and carbazole derivative. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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38
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Mitra R, Thiele M, Octa-Smolin F, Letzel MC, Niemeyer J. A bifunctional chiral [2]catenane based on 1,1'-binaphthyl-phosphates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:5977-80. [PMID: 27058367 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc01980c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel [2]catenane was synthesised by ring-closing metathesis from a Ca-bisphosphate template. The resulting interlocked structure features two chiral 1,1'-binaphthyl-phosphates, leading to a bifunctional catenane structure. Initial binding studies point at the applicability of such mechanically interlocked bisphosphates as artificial receptors for dicationic guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mitra
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstrasse 7, 45141 Essen, Germany.
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39
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Furusho Y, Endo T, Higaki K, Kaetsu K, Higaki Y, Kojio K, Takahara A. Supramolecular network polymers formed from polyamidine and carboxy-terminated telechelic poly(n-butyl acrylate) via amidinium-carboxylate salt bridges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Furusho
- Molecular Engineering Institute; Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute; Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Keiko Higaki
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Kaetsu
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Yuji Higaki
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Ken Kojio
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahara
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
- Graduate School of Engineering; Kyushu University; 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan
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40
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Sakuragi M, Aoyagi N, Furusho Y, Endo T. Supramolecular polymer gels from polystyrene bearing cyclic amidine Group and acrylic acid/n-butyl acrylate copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Sakuragi
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Naoto Aoyagi
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Yoshio Furusho
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
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41
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Gidron O, Jirásek M, Trapp N, Ebert MO, Zhang X, Diederich F. Homochiral [2]Catenane and Bis[2]catenane from Alleno-Acetylenic Helicates - A Highly Selective Narcissistic Self-Sorting Process. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:12502-5. [PMID: 26380872 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b08649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Homochiral strands of alternating alleno-acetylenes and phenanthroline ligands (P)-1 and (P2)-2, as well as their corresponding enantiomers, selectively assemble with the addition of silver(I) salt to yield dinuclear and trinuclear double helicates, respectively. Upon increasing the solvent polarity, the dinuclear and trinuclear helicates interlock to form a [2]catenane and bis[2]catenane, bearing 14 chirality elements, respectively. The solid-state structure of the [2]catenane reveals a nearly perfect fit of the interlocked strands, and the ECD spectra show a significant amplification of the chiroptical properties upon catenation, indicating stabilization of the helical secondary structure. Highly selective narcissistic self-sorting was demonstrated for a racemic mixture consisting of both short and long alleno-acetylenic strands, highlighting their potential for the preparation of linear catenanes of higher order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ori Gidron
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Jirásek
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nils Trapp
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc-Olivier Ebert
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - François Diederich
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zurich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Erbas-Cakmak
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Charlie T. McTernan
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Alina
L. Nussbaumer
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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Gil-Ramírez G, Leigh DA, Stephens AJ. Catenanes: fifty years of molecular links. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:6110-50. [PMID: 25951013 PMCID: PMC4515087 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201411619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Half a century after Schill and Lüttringhaus carried out the first directed synthesis of a [2]catenane, a plethora of strategies now exist for the construction of molecular Hopf links (singly interlocked rings), the simplest type of catenane. The precision and effectiveness with which suitable templates and/or noncovalent interactions can arrange building blocks has also enabled the synthesis of intricate and often beautiful higher order interlocked systems, including Solomon links, Borromean rings, and a Star of David catenane. This Review outlines the diverse strategies that exist for synthesizing catenanes in the 21st century and examines their emerging applications and the challenges that still exist for the synthesis of more complex topologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzmán Gil-Ramírez
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK) http://www.catenane.net
| | - David A Leigh
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK) http://www.catenane.net.
| | - Alexander J Stephens
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL (UK) http://www.catenane.net
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Gil-Ramírez G, Leigh DA, Stephens AJ. Catenane: fünfzig Jahre molekulare Verschlingungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201411619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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45
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McConnell AJ, Wood CS, Neelakandan PP, Nitschke JR. Stimuli-Responsive Metal–Ligand Assemblies. Chem Rev 2015; 115:7729-93. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500632f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 759] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna J. McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher S. Wood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Prakash P. Neelakandan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield
Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
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Frasconi M, Kikuchi T, Cao D, Wu Y, Liu WG, Dyar SM, Barin G, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Carmieli R, Wang C, Wasielewski MR, Goddard WA, Stoddart JF. Mechanical Bonds and Topological Effects in Radical Dimer Stabilization. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11011-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Frasconi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dennis Cao
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yilei Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei-Guang Liu
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Gokhan Barin
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- College
of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern
Solar Energy Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan
Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - William A. Goddard
- Materials
and Process Simulation Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- NanoCentury
KAIST Institute and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Langton MJ, Beer PD. Rotaxane and catenane host structures for sensing charged guest species. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1935-49. [PMID: 24708030 DOI: 10.1021/ar500012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: The promise of mechanically interlocked architectures, such as rotaxanes and catenanes, as prototypical molecular switches and shuttles for nanotechnological applications, has stimulated an ever increasing interest in their synthesis and function. The elaborate host cavities of interlocked structures, however, can also offer a novel approach toward molecular recognition: this Account describes the use of rotaxane and catenane host systems for binding charged guest species, and for providing sensing capability through an integrated optical or electrochemical reporter group. Particular attention is drawn to the exploitation of the unusual dynamic properties of interlocked molecules, such as guest-induced shuttling or conformational switching, as a sophisticated means of achieving a selective and functional sensor response. We initially survey interlocked host systems capable of sensing cationic guests, before focusing on our accomplishments in synthesizing rotaxanes and catenanes designed for the more challenging task of selective anion sensing. In our group, we have developed the use of discrete anionic templation to prepare mechanically interlocked structures for anion recognition applications. Removal of the anion template reveals an interlocked host system, possessing a unique three-dimensional geometrically restrained binding cavity formed between the interlocked components, which exhibits impressive selectivity toward complementary anionic guest species. By incorporating reporter groups within such systems, we have developed both electrochemical and optical anion sensors which can achieve highly selective sensing of anionic guests. Transition metals, lanthanides, and organic fluorophores integrated within the mechanically bonded structural framework of the receptor are perturbed by the binding of the guest, with a concomitant change in the emission profile. We have also exploited the unique dynamics of interlocked hosts by demonstrating that an anion-induced conformational change can be used as a means of signal transduction. Electrochemical sensing has been realized by integration of the redox-active ferrocene functionality within a range of rotaxane and catenanes; binding of an anion perturbs the metallocene, leading to a cathodic shift in the ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple. In order to obtain practical sensors for target charged guest species, confinement of receptors at a surface is necessary in order to develop robust, reuseable devices. Surface confinement also offers advantages over solution based receptors, including amplification of signal, enhanced guest binding thermodynamics and the negation of solubility problems. We have fabricated anion-templated rotaxanes and catenanes on gold electrode surfaces and demonstrated that the resulting mechanically bonded self-assembled monolayers are electrochemically responsive to the binding of anions, a crucial first step toward the advancement of sophisticated, highly selective, anion sensory devices. Rotaxane and catenane host molecules may be engineered to offer a superior level of molecular recognition, and the incorporation of optical or electrochemical reporter groups within these interlocked frameworks can allow for guest sensing. Advances in synthetic templation strategies has facilitated the synthesis of interlocked architectures and widened their interest as prototype molecular machines. However, their unique host-guest properties are only now beginning to be exploited as a sophisticated approach to chemical sensing. The development of functional host-guest sensory systems such as these is of great interest to the interdisciplinary field of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Langton
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1
3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1
3TA, United Kingdom
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Cu(I)/Zn2+ exchange has no geometrical effect in a cyclic [4]rotaxane whereas it induces rearrangement in a simpler [3]rotaxane. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sakuragi M, Aoyagi N, Furusho Y, Endo T. Reversible fixation and release of carbon dioxide with a binary system consisting of polyethylene glycol and polystyrene-bearing cyclic amidine pendant group. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mina Sakuragi
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Naoto Aoyagi
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Yoshio Furusho
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
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50
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Furusho Y, Endo T. Supramolecular polymer gels formed from carboxy-terminated telechelic polybutadiene and polyamidine through amidinium-carboxylate salt bridge. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Furusho
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kinki University; 11-6 Kayanomori Iizuka Fukuoka 820-8555 Japan
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