1
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Pearce N, Tarnowska M, Andersen NJ, Wahrhaftig-Lewis A, Pilgrim BS, Champness NR. Mechanically interlocked molecular handcuffs. Chem Sci 2022; 13:3915-3941. [PMID: 35440998 PMCID: PMC8985514 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00568a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of mechanically interlocked molecules that employ a handcuff component are reviewed. The variety of rotaxane and catenane structures that use the handcuff motif to interlock different components are discussed and a new nomenclature, distilling diverse terminologies to a single approach, is proposed. By unifying the interpretation of this class of molecules we identify new opportunities for employing this structural unit for new architectures. Mechanically interlocked molecules that employ a handcuff component provide a pathway to highly unusual structures, a new nomenclature is proposed which helps to identify opportunities for employing this structural unit for new architectures.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Marysia Tarnowska
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Nathan J Andersen
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | | | - Ben S Pilgrim
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Neil R Champness
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
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2
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Wu M, Yang Y, Xue M. Tetraaminopillar[5]arene Dimers: Synthesis, Structure and Properties. ACTA CHIMICA SINICA 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/a22030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Gianga TM, Audibert E, Trandafir A, Kociok-Köhn G, Pantoş GD. Discovery of an all-donor aromatic [2]catenane. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9685-9690. [PMID: 34094233 PMCID: PMC8162110 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04317f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein the first all-donor aromatic [2]catenane formed through dynamic combinatorial chemistry, using single component libraries. The building block is a benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene derivative, a π-donor molecule, with cysteine appendages that allow for disulfide exchange. The hydrophobic effect plays an essential role in the formation of the all-donor [2]catenane. The design of the building block allows the formation of a quasi-fused pentacyclic core, which enhances the stacking interactions between the cores. The [2]catenane has chiro-optical and fluorescent properties, being also the first known DCC-disulphide-based interlocked molecule to be fluorescent. An all-donor [2]catenane has been synthesised via dynamic combinatorial chemistry. It features stacked benzodithiophenes which are quasi-pentacyclic through hydrogen bonding.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Materials and Chemical Characterisation Facility (MC2), University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
| | - G Dan Pantoş
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath BA2 7AY Bath UK
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4
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Iuliano V, Ciao R, Vignola E, Talotta C, Iannece P, De Rosa M, Soriente A, Gaeta C, Neri P. Multiple threading of a triple-calix[6]arene host. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2092-2104. [PMID: 31579081 PMCID: PMC6753684 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of the triple-calix[6]arene derivative 6 in which three calix[6]arene macrocycles are linked to a central 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene moiety is reported. Derivative 6 is able to give multiple-threading processes in the presence of dialkylammonium axles. The formation of pseudo[2]rotaxane, pseudo[3]rotaxane, and pseudo[4]rotaxane by threading one, two, and three, respectively, calix-wheels of 6 has been studied by 1D and 2D NMR, DOSY, and ESI-FT-ICR MS/MS experiments. The use of a directional alkylbenzylammonium axle led to the stereoselective formation of endo-alkyl pseudo[n]rotaxane stereoisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Iuliano
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Roberta Ciao
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Emanuele Vignola
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Patrizia Iannece
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Margherita De Rosa
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Annunziata Soriente
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Chemistry, Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia " A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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5
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Abstract
Cation and anion recognition have both played central roles in the development of supramolecular chemistry. Much of the associated research has focused on the development of receptors for individual cations or anions, as well as their applications in different areas. Rarely is complexation of the counterions considered. In contrast, ion pair recognition chemistry, emerging from cation and anion coordination chemistry, is a specific research field where co-complexation of both anions and cations, so-called ion pairs, is the center of focus. Systems used for the purpose, known as ion pair receptors, are typically di- or polytopic hosts that contain recognition sites for both cations and anions and which permit the concurrent binding of multiple ions. The field of ion pair recognition has blossomed during the past decades. Several smaller reviews on the topic were published roughly 5 years ago. They provided a summary of synthetic progress and detailed the various limiting ion recognition modes displayed by both acyclic and macrocyclic ion pair receptors known at the time. The present review is designed to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the chemistry of macrocycle-based ion pair receptors. We specifically focus on the relationship between structure and ion pair recognition, as well as applications of ion pair receptors in sensor development, cation and anion extraction, ion transport, and logic gate construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing He
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States.,State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , P. R. China
| | - Gabriela I Vargas-Zúñiga
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
| | - Seung Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , 660-701 , Korea
| | - Sung Kuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science , Gyeongsang National University , Jinju , 660-701 , Korea
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Institute for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis , Shanghai University , Shanghai 200444 , P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States
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6
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Quaglio D, Zappia G, De Paolis E, Balducci S, Botta B, Ghirga F. Olefin metathesis reaction as a locking tool for macrocycle and mechanomolecule construction. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00728d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present review deals with an updated visit to the olefin metathesis reaction as a powerful tool for the construction of sophisticated macromolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Quaglio
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Giovanni Zappia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari
- Università degli Studi di Urbino “Carlo Bo”
- 61029 Urbino
- Italy
| | - Elisa De Paolis
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza
| | - Silvia Balducci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Bruno Botta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie del Farmaco
- Sapienza Università di Roma
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
- 00161 Rome
- Italy
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7
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Barry DE, Caffrey DF, Gunnlaugsson T. Lanthanide-directed synthesis of luminescent self-assembly supramolecular structures and mechanically bonded systems from acyclic coordinating organic ligands. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:3244-74. [PMID: 27137947 DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00116e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein some examples of the use of lanthanide ions (f-metal ions) to direct the synthesis of luminescent self-assembly systems (architectures) will be discussed. This area of lanthanide supramolecular chemistry is fast growing, thanks to the unique physical (magnetic and luminescent) and coordination properties of the lanthanides, which are often transferred to the resulting supermolecule. The emphasis herein will be on systems that are luminescent, and hence, generated by using either visibly emitting ions (such as Eu(III), Tb(III) and Sm(III)) or near infrared emitting ions (like Nd(III), Yb(III) and Er(III)), formed through the use of templating chemistry, by employing structurally simple ligands, possessing oxygen and nitrogen coordinating moieties. As the lanthanides have high coordination requirements, their use often allows for the formation of coordination compounds and supramolecular systems such as bundles, grids, helicates and interlocked molecules that are not synthetically accessible through the use of other commonly used templating ions such as transition metal ions. Hence, the use of the rare-earth metal ions can lead to the formation of unique and stable species in both solution and in the solid state, as well as functional and responsive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn E Barry
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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8
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Pandey MD, Martí-Centelles V, Burguete MI, Montoya N, Luis SV, García-España E, Doménech-Carbó A. Bisferrocenyl-functionalized pseudopeptides: access to separated ionic and electronic contributions for electrochemical anion sensing. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04482d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudopeptidic receptors containing ferrocene fragments have been prepared and their response to a series of anions was measured by a voltammetry of microparticles methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrituanjay D. Pandey
- Universitat Jaume I
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- E-12071 Castellón
- Spain
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - M. Isabel Burguete
- Universitat Jaume I
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- E-12071 Castellón
- Spain
| | - Noemí Montoya
- Departament de Química Analítica
- Universitat de València
- 46100 València
- Spain
| | - Santiago V. Luis
- Universitat Jaume I
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Orgánica
- E-12071 Castellón
- Spain
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9
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Gibbs-Hall IC, Vermeulen NA, Dale EJ, Henkelis JJ, Blackburn AK, Barnes JC, Stoddart JF. Catenation through a Combination of Radical Templation and Ring-Closing Metathesis. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15640-3. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b10623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian C. Gibbs-Hall
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Nicolaas A. Vermeulen
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Edward J. Dale
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - James J. Henkelis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Anthea K. Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
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10
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Evans NH, Beer PD. Advances in anion supramolecular chemistry: from recognition to chemical applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:11716-54. [PMID: 25204549 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the start of this millennium, remarkable progress in the binding and sensing of anions has been taking place, driven in part by discoveries in the use of hydrogen bonding, as well as the previously under-exploited anion-π interactions and halogen bonding. However, anion supramolecular chemistry has developed substantially beyond anion recognition, and now encompasses a diverse range of disciplines. Dramatic advance has been made in the anion-templated synthesis of macrocycles and interlocked molecular architectures, while the study of transmembrane anion transporters has flourished from almost nothing into a rapidly maturing field of research. The supramolecular chemistry of anions has also found real practical use in a variety of applications such as catalysis, ion extraction, and the use of anions as stimuli for responsive chemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB (UK).
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11
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Evans NH, Beer PD. Supramolekulare Chemie von Anionen: von der Erkennung zur chemischen Anwendung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Langton MJ, Beer PD. Rotaxane and catenane host structures for sensing charged guest species. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1935-49. [PMID: 24708030 DOI: 10.1021/ar500012a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CONSPECTUS: The promise of mechanically interlocked architectures, such as rotaxanes and catenanes, as prototypical molecular switches and shuttles for nanotechnological applications, has stimulated an ever increasing interest in their synthesis and function. The elaborate host cavities of interlocked structures, however, can also offer a novel approach toward molecular recognition: this Account describes the use of rotaxane and catenane host systems for binding charged guest species, and for providing sensing capability through an integrated optical or electrochemical reporter group. Particular attention is drawn to the exploitation of the unusual dynamic properties of interlocked molecules, such as guest-induced shuttling or conformational switching, as a sophisticated means of achieving a selective and functional sensor response. We initially survey interlocked host systems capable of sensing cationic guests, before focusing on our accomplishments in synthesizing rotaxanes and catenanes designed for the more challenging task of selective anion sensing. In our group, we have developed the use of discrete anionic templation to prepare mechanically interlocked structures for anion recognition applications. Removal of the anion template reveals an interlocked host system, possessing a unique three-dimensional geometrically restrained binding cavity formed between the interlocked components, which exhibits impressive selectivity toward complementary anionic guest species. By incorporating reporter groups within such systems, we have developed both electrochemical and optical anion sensors which can achieve highly selective sensing of anionic guests. Transition metals, lanthanides, and organic fluorophores integrated within the mechanically bonded structural framework of the receptor are perturbed by the binding of the guest, with a concomitant change in the emission profile. We have also exploited the unique dynamics of interlocked hosts by demonstrating that an anion-induced conformational change can be used as a means of signal transduction. Electrochemical sensing has been realized by integration of the redox-active ferrocene functionality within a range of rotaxane and catenanes; binding of an anion perturbs the metallocene, leading to a cathodic shift in the ferrocene/ferrocenium redox couple. In order to obtain practical sensors for target charged guest species, confinement of receptors at a surface is necessary in order to develop robust, reuseable devices. Surface confinement also offers advantages over solution based receptors, including amplification of signal, enhanced guest binding thermodynamics and the negation of solubility problems. We have fabricated anion-templated rotaxanes and catenanes on gold electrode surfaces and demonstrated that the resulting mechanically bonded self-assembled monolayers are electrochemically responsive to the binding of anions, a crucial first step toward the advancement of sophisticated, highly selective, anion sensory devices. Rotaxane and catenane host molecules may be engineered to offer a superior level of molecular recognition, and the incorporation of optical or electrochemical reporter groups within these interlocked frameworks can allow for guest sensing. Advances in synthetic templation strategies has facilitated the synthesis of interlocked architectures and widened their interest as prototype molecular machines. However, their unique host-guest properties are only now beginning to be exploited as a sophisticated approach to chemical sensing. The development of functional host-guest sensory systems such as these is of great interest to the interdisciplinary field of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Langton
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1
3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry
Research Laboratory,
Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1
3TA, United Kingdom
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13
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Gilday LC, Beer PD. Halogen- and Hydrogen-Bonding Catenanes for Halide-Anion Recognition. Chemistry 2014; 20:8379-85. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201402752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Kaufmann L, Traulsen NL, Springer A, Schröder HV, Mäkelä T, Rissanen K, Schalley CA. Evaluation of multivalency as an organization principle for the efficient synthesis of doubly and triply threaded amide rotaxanes. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00077c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Evans NH, Beer PD. Progress in the synthesis and exploitation of catenanes since the Millennium. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4658-83. [PMID: 24676138 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00029c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Catenanes - molecules consisting of interlocked macrocyclic rings - have been prepared by templation strategies for some thirty years. The utilization of Cu(I) cation, aromatic donor-acceptor interactions and hydrogen bonding assisted self-assembly strategies has led to the construction of numerous examples of these aesthetically pleasing species. This review seeks to discuss key developments in the synthesis and functional application of catenanes that have occurred since the Millennium. The much expanded range of metal cation templates; the genesis and growth of anion templation, as well as the use of alternative supramolecular interactions (halogen bonding and radical templation) and thermodynamically controlled reactions to synthesize catenanes are detailed. The class of catenanes that may be described as "molecular machines" are then highlighted and to conclude, attempts to fabricate catenanes onto surfaces and into metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ciao
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia and NANO_MATES Research Center, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Carmen Talotta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia and NANO_MATES Research Center, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Carmine Gaeta
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia and NANO_MATES Research Center, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Placido Neri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia and NANO_MATES Research Center, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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17
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Li J, Nowak P, Fanlo-Virgós H, Otto S. Catenanes from catenanes: quantitative assessment of cooperativity in dynamic combinatorial catenation. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01998a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of dynamic combinatorial [2] and [3]catenanes have been prepared. Formation of the [3]catenanes occurs with positive or negative cooperativity, depending on the cyclodextrin homologue. Systems level analysis allows cooperativity to be quantified and MD simulations reveal that cooperativity derives from the extents to which hydrophobic surface area is exposed to the aqueous surroundings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Li
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo Fanlo-Virgós
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sijbren Otto
- Centre for Systems Chemistry
- Stratingh Institute
- University of Groningen
- 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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18
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Hartlieb KJ, Blackburn AK, Schneebeli ST, Forgan RS, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Cao D, Stoddart JF. Topological isomerism in a chiral handcuff catenane. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52106k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Zhou K, Qin C, Wang XL, Shao KZ, Yan LK, Su ZM. Self-assembly of an all-thiol-stabilized {Ag28S23} high-nuclearity luminescent nanocluster with a “crab-like” shape. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:10695-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00762j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Ciao R, Talotta C, Gaeta C, Margarucci L, Casapullo A, Neri P. An oriented handcuff rotaxane. Org Lett 2013; 15:5694-7. [PMID: 24180584 DOI: 10.1021/ol4026974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The first example of an oriented handcuff rotaxane has been obtained by through-the-annulus threading of a double-calix[6]arene system with a bis-ammonium axle. The relative orientation of the two calix-wheels can be predefined by exploiting the "endo-alkyl rule" which controls the directionality of the threading of alkylbenzylammonium axles with calixarene macrocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Ciao
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia and NANO_MATES Research Center, Università di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy, and Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, I-84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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21
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2011. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Caballero A, Zapata F, Beer PD. Interlocked host molecules for anion recognition and sensing. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Spence GT, Beer PD. Expanding the scope of the anion templated synthesis of interlocked structures. Acc Chem Res 2013. [PMID: 23190374 DOI: 10.1021/ar300264n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nature achieves impressively strong and selective complexation of small molecule anions through the elaborate binding sites of sophisticated proteins. Inspired by these examples, we have developed an anion templation strategy for the synthesis of mechanically interlocked host structures for anion recognition applications. Upon removal of the discrete anionic templating species, such host systems possess unique, three-dimensional, geometrically restrained cavities containing convergent hydrogen bond donor atoms. Such structures exhibit high affinity binding selectivity toward complementary anions. This Account describes recent advances in this anion templation meth odology, demonstrating the versatility and scope of this approach, and progressing to more diverse architectures. Specifically, we have prepared an expansive range of interlocked hosts with enhanced anion recognition properties, such as the ability to operate effectively in competitive aqueous media. We have produced these structures through the utilization of a new anion templated amide condensation synthetic method and through the incorporation of a range of different anion binding motifs, such as groups capable of effective solution-phase halogen bonding interactions. Importantly, direct comparisons between halogen bonding and hydrogen bonding systems reveal impressively magnified anion recognition properties for halogen bonding interlocked host systems. We have also employed the anion templation strategy successfully to construct selective electrochemical and luminescent anion sensors, as well as architectures of increasing complexity, such as a triply interlocked capsule and a handcuff catenane. The synthesis of these latter examples presents greater challenges; however, such molecules offer additional applications in higher order recognition and sensing and in switchable molecular devices. Having established anion templation as a viable synthetic route to interlocked architectures, we have used this strategy to fabricate a multitude of innovative structures. The key principles of this approach are the ability of anionic species to template the association of carefully designed components, and of the resulting molecular framework with its interlocked host cavity to display impressive anion recognition selectivity. Mechanically interlocked structures have numerous potential applications in nanotechnology. Therefore, the continuing development of effective synthetic methods, especially those which yield functional systems, is of great interest in the broad interdisciplinary field of supramolecular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme T. Spence
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Yuan S, Deng YK, Wang XP, Sun D. A temperature-sensitive luminescent Ag20 nanocluster templated by carbonate in situ generated from atmospheric CO2 fixation. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00645j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Li H, Zhu Z, Fahrenbach AC, Savoie BM, Ke C, Barnes JC, Lei J, Zhao YL, Lilley LM, Marks TJ, Ratner MA, Stoddart JF. Mechanical Bond-Induced Radical Stabilization. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 135:456-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310060n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Zhixue Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Brett M. Savoie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Chenfeng Ke
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Juying Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Laura M. Lilley
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - Mark A. Ratner
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113,
United States
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Langton MJ, Beer PD. Sulfate-selective binding and sensing of a fluorescent [3]rotaxane host system. Chemistry 2012; 18:14406-12. [PMID: 23033117 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The chloride-templated synthesis of a novel [3]rotaxane, capable of binding anionic guests, and incorporating a naphthalene group for fluorescence sensing is reported. Extensive (1)H NMR titration studies were used to probe the anion binding selectivity of the system. The rotaxane selectively recognises sulfate, undergoing an induced conformational change upon sulfate binding to form a 1:1 stoichiometric sandwich-type complex, concomitant with significant quenching of the fluorescence. Binding of mono-anionic guests results in the formation of a 2:1 stoichiometric guest-host complex, and a modest enhancement of the emission. Addition of an excess of sulfate in non-competitive solvent also results in a 2:1 emissive complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Langton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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27
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Potopnyk MA, Cmoch P, Jarosz S. Short Synthesis of Diamide-Linked Sucrose Macrocycles. Org Lett 2012; 14:4258-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301993d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mykhaylo A. Potopnyk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Cmoch
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jarosz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Hancock LM, Marchi E, Ceroni P, Beer PD. Anion Sensing in Aqueous Media by Photo-active Transition-Metal Bipyridyl Rotaxanes. Chemistry 2012; 18:11277-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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29
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Zhu Z, Fahrenbach AC, Li H, Barnes JC, Liu Z, Dyar SM, Zhang H, Lei J, Carmieli R, Sarjeant AA, Stern CL, Wasielewski MR, Stoddart JF. Controlling Switching in Bistable [2]Catenanes by Combining Donor–Acceptor and Radical–Radical Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:11709-20. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3037355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Albert C. Fahrenbach
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong
Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jonathan C. Barnes
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong
Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhichang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Scott M. Dyar
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Juying Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Raanan Carmieli
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amy A. Sarjeant
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Charlotte L. Stern
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy
Research (ANSER) Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - J. Fraser Stoddart
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston,
Illinois 60208, United States
- NanoCentury KAIST Institute
and Graduate School of EEWS (WCU), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 373-1 Guseong Dong, Yuseong
Gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
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30
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Bogaschenko TY, Lyapunov AY, Kikot' LS, Mazepa AV, Botoshansky MM, Fonari MS, Kirichenko TI. Synthesis, crystal structure, and alkali metal picrate extraction capabilities of molecular clips based on diphenylglycoluril and benzocrown ethers. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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31
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Nowell H, Barnett SA, Christensen KE, Teat SJ, Allan DR. I19, the small-molecule single-crystal diffraction beamline at Diamond Light Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:435-41. [PMID: 22514182 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512008801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The dedicated small-molecule single-crystal X-ray diffraction beamline (I19) at Diamond Light Source has been operational and supporting users for over three years. I19 is a high-flux tunable-wavelength beamline and its key details are described in this article. Much of the work performed on the beamline involves structure determination from small and weakly diffracting crystals. Other experiments that have been supported to date include structural studies at high pressure, studies of metastable species, variable-temperature crystallography, studies involving gas exchange in porous materials and structural characterizations that require analysis of the diffuse scattering between Bragg reflections. A range of sample environments to facilitate crystallographic studies under non-ambient conditions are available as well as a number of options for automation. An indication of the scope of the science carried out on the beamline is provided by the range of highlights selected for this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriott Nowell
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK
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32
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Severa L, Jirásek M, Švec P, Teplý F, Révész Á, Schröder D, Koval D, Kašička V, Císařová I, Šaman D. Counterion-Induced Inversion of Conformer Stability of a [5]Helquat Dication. Chempluschem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Kaufmann L, Dzyuba EV, Malberg F, Löw NL, Groschke M, Brusilowskij B, Huuskonen J, Rissanen K, Kirchner B, Schalley CA. Substituent effects on axle binding in amide pseudorotaxanes: comparison of NMR titration and ITC data with DFT calculations. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:5954-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25196e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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34
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Vajpayee V, Song YH, Cook TR, Kim H, Lee Y, Stang PJ, Chi KW. A unique non-catenane interlocked self-assembled supramolecular architecture and its photophysical properties. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19646-9. [PMID: 22085308 PMCID: PMC3235908 DOI: 10.1021/ja208495u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel, interlocked, self-assembled (M(2)L(2))(2) molecular architecture was constructed from an arene-Ru acceptor and a 1,4-di(pyridin-4-yl)buta-1,3-diyne donor. Two M(2)L(2) units, with cavities of ~7.21 Å, spontaneously interlock, with one unit encapsulating a twin in a non-catenane fashion. The dimeric host-guest complex thus formed is unique among two-dimensional self-assemblies and is stabilized by π-π interactions between the M(2)L(2) units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Vajpayee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+) 82-52-259-2348
| | - Young Ho Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+) 82-52-259-2348
| | - Timothy R. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Hyunuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang, 690-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngil Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+) 82-52-259-2348
| | - Peter J. Stang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A
| | - Ki-Whan Chi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea, Fax: (+) 82-52-259-2348
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35
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Evans NH, Beer PD. A Janus [2]Rotaxane Synthesized by Using an Anion‐Templated Clipping Methodology. Chemistry 2011; 17:10542-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas H. Evans
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR (UK)
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR (UK)
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