1
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Davis B, Genzer J, Efimenko K, Abolhasani M. Continuous Ligand-Free Catalysis Using a Hybrid Polymer Network Support. JACS AU 2023; 3:2226-2236. [PMID: 37654589 PMCID: PMC10466318 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries primarily utilize batch homogeneous reactions to carry out chemical transformations, emerging platforms seek to improve existing shortcomings by designing effective heterogeneous catalysis systems in continuous flow reactors. In this work, we present a versatile network-supported palladium (Pd) catalyst using a hybrid polymer of poly(methylvinylether-alt-maleic anhydride) and branched polyethyleneimine for intensified continuous flow synthesis of complex organic compounds via heterogeneous Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and nitroarene hydrogenation reactions. The hydrophilicity of the hybrid polymer network facilitates the reagent mass transfer throughout the bulk of the catalyst particles. Through rapid automated exploration of the continuous and discrete parameters, as well as substrate scope screening, we identified optimal hybrid network-supported Pd catalyst composition and process parameters for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions of aryl bromides with steady-state yields up to 92% with a nominal residence time of 20 min. The developed heterogeneous catalytic system exhibits high activity and mechanical stability with no detectable Pd leaching at reaction temperatures up to 95 °C. Additionally, the versatility of the hybrid network-supported Pd catalyst is demonstrated by successfully performing continuous nitroarene hydrogenation with short residence times (<5 min) at room temperature. Room temperature hydrogenation yields of >99% were achieved in under 2 min nominal residence times with no leaching and catalyst deactivation for more than 20 h continuous time on stream. This catalytic system shows its industrial utility with significantly improved reaction yields of challenging substrates and its utility of environmentally-friendly solvent mixtures, high reusability, scalable and cost-effective synthesis, and multi-reaction successes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley
A. Davis
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Jan Genzer
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
| | - Kirill Efimenko
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
- Biomanufacturing
Training and Education Center, North Carolina
State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department
of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7905, United States
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2
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Wang C, Xuan B, Huang C, Yao J, Wu C, Sun T. Optimization and Scale-Up of a Continuous Flow Synthesis of Dapagliflozin. Org Process Res Dev 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chunchao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education. Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Boxin Xuan
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education. Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education. Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. LTD., Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Chengjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education. Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co. LTD., Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Tiemin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education. Shenyang 110016, P.R. China
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3
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Reynard G, Wimmer E, Richelet J, Fourquez JM, Lebel H. Chemoselective borylation of bromoiodoarene in continuous flow: synthesis of bromoarylboronic acids. J Flow Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-022-00246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Li B, Barnhart RW, Fung P, Hayward C, Heid R, Houck T, Liu W, Samp L, Sutherland K, Van Alsten J, Varsolona R, Zeldis J. Process Development of a Triphasic Continuous Flow Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction in a Plug Flow Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Li
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Richard W. Barnhart
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Peter Fung
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Cheryl Hayward
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Richard Heid
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Timothy Houck
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Lacey Samp
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Karen Sutherland
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - John Van Alsten
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Richard Varsolona
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, United States
| | - Joseph Zeldis
- Chemical Research & Development, Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., 401 N Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965, United States
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5
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Ashikari Y, Guan K, Nagaki A. Flash functional group-tolerant biaryl-synthesis based on integration of lithiation, zincation and negishi coupling in flow. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.964767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We achieved an integration of a lithiation of aryl bromides, a zincation of thus-generated aryllithiums, and a Negishi coupling of the arylzinc with an aryl halide in one flow. Taking advantages of flow microreactors, biaryls bearing a wide range of functional groups, especially biaryls bearing multiple electrophilic-functionalities were synthesized.
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6
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Kang K, Loud NL, DiBenedetto TA, Weix DJ. A General, Multimetallic Cross-Ullmann Biheteroaryl Synthesis from Heteroaryl Halides and Heteroaryl Triflates. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21484-21491. [PMID: 34918908 PMCID: PMC9007723 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Despite their importance to medicine and materials science, the synthesis of biheteroaryls by cross-coupling remains challenging. We describe here a new, general approach to biheteroaryls: the Ni- and Pd-catalyzed multimetallic cross-Ullmann coupling of heteroaryl halides with triflates. An array of 5-membered, 6-membered, and fused heteroaryl bromides and chlorides, as well as aryl triflates derived from heterocyclic phenols, proved to be viable substrates in this reaction (62 examples, 63 ± 17% average yield). The generality of this approach to biheteroaryls was further demonstrated in 96-well plate format at 10 μmol scale. An array of 96 possible products provided >90% hit rate under a single set of conditions. Further, low-yielding combinations could be rapidly optimized with a single "Toolbox Plate" of ligands, additives, and reductants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Kang
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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7
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Kim DP, Sharma BM, Nikam AV, Lahore S, Ahn GN. Cyanide-Free Cyanation of sp2 and sp-Carbons by Oxazole based Masked CN Source Using Flow Microreactors. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103777. [PMID: 34963029 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a cyanide-free continuous-flow process for cyanation of sp 2 and sp carbons to synthesize aryl, vinyl and acetylenic nitriles from (5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl) boronic acid [OxBA] reagent as a sole source of carbon-bound masked -CN source. Non-toxic and stable OxBA reagent is generated by lithiation-borylation of bromo-oxazole, and the consecutive Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling with aryl, vinyl, or acetylenic halides and demasking [4 + 2]/retro-[4 + 2] sequence were successfully accomplished to give the desired cyano compounds with reasonably good yields in a four-step flow manner. A unique feature of this cyanation protocol in flow enables to cyanate a variety of sp 2 and sp carbons to produce a broad spectrum of aryl acetonitrile. It is envisaged that the OxBA based cyanation would replace existing unstable and toxic approaches as well as non-toxic cyanation using two different sources of "C" and "N" to incorporate the -CN group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Pyo Kim
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, chemical engineering, san 31, Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, 790-784, Pohang, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Brijesh M Sharma
- Pohang Gonggwa Daehakgyo Sinsojae Gonghakgwa: Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Arun V Nikam
- Pohang Gonggwa Daehakgyo Sinsojae Gonghakgwa: Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Santosh Lahore
- Pohang Gonggwa Daehakgyo Sinsojae Gonghakgwa: Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
| | - Gwang-Noh Ahn
- Pohang Gonggwa Daehakgyo Sinsojae Gonghakgwa: Pohang University of Science and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, KOREA, REPUBLIC OF
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8
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Freure GPR, Skrotzki EA, Lavertu JDE, Newman SG. Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Superbase-Generated C(sp 3) Nucleophiles. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Garrett P. R. Freure
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Eric A. Skrotzki
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Jean-Danick E. Lavertu
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Stephen G. Newman
- Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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9
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Lamola JL, Moshapo PT, Holzapfel CW, Maumela MC. Evaluation of P-bridged biaryl phosphine ligands in palladium-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. RSC Adv 2021; 11:26883-26891. [PMID: 35480011 PMCID: PMC9037619 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04947j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A family of biaryl phosphacyclic ligands derived from phobane and phosphatrioxa-adamantane frameworks is described. The rigid biaryl phosphacycles are efficient for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl bromides and chlorides. In particular, coupling reactions of the challenging sterically hindered and heterocyclic substrates were viable at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jairus L Lamola
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus Auckland Park 2006 South Africa
| | - Paseka T Moshapo
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus Auckland Park 2006 South Africa
| | - Cedric W Holzapfel
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus Auckland Park 2006 South Africa
| | - Munaka Christopher Maumela
- Research Centre for Synthesis and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Sciences University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus Auckland Park 2006 South Africa .,Sasol (Pty) Ltd, Research and Technology (R & T) 1 Klasie Havenga Rd Sasolburg 1947 South Africa
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10
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Inoue K, Feng Y, Mori A, Okano K. "Snapshot" Trapping of Multiple Transient Azolyllithiums in Batch. Chemistry 2021; 27:10267-10273. [PMID: 33960030 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent developments in flow microreactor technology have allowed the use of transient organolithium compounds that cannot be realized in a batch reactor. However, trapping the transient aryllithiums in a "halogen dance" is still challenging. Herein is reported the trapping of such short-lived azolyllithiums in a batch reactor by developing a finely tuned in situ zincation using zinc halide diamine complexes. The reaction rate is controlled by the appropriate choice of diamine ligand. The reaction is operationally simple and can be performed at 0 °C with high reproducibility on a multigram scale. This method was applicable to a wide range of brominated azoles allowing deprotonative functionalization, which was used for the concise divergent syntheses of both constitutional isomers of biologically active azoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Inoue
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yuxuan Feng
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Atsunori Mori
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan.,Research Center for Membrane and Film Technology, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
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11
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Abstract
AbstractAryl–aryl cross-coupling reactions are important reactions for the production of various biaryl compounds. This short review covers the various aryl–aryl cross-coupling reactions carried out in flow, focusing on the metal species of the aryl nucleophiles used in the cross-coupling reactions.1 Introduction2 Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling (B)3 Migita–Kosugi–Stille Coupling (Sn)4 Negishi Coupling (Zn)5 Kumada–Tamao–Corriu Coupling (Mg)6 Murahashi Coupling (Li)7 Conclusion
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12
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Chen Q, Xia S, Wang Y, Luo G, Shang H, Wang K. Continuous synthesis of
1‐ethoxy
‐2,3‐difluoro‐4‐iodo‐benzene in a microreactor system and the Gaussian and
computational fluid dynamics
simulations. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Siting Xia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Yujun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The State Key Lab of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Hongyong Shang
- Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Material Co., Ltd Shijiazhuang China
| | - Kui Wang
- Shijiazhuang Chengzhi Yonghua Display Material Co., Ltd Shijiazhuang China
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13
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Sun M, Li J, Liang C, Shan C, Shen X, Cheng R, Ma Y, Ye J. Practical and rapid construction of 2-pyridyl ketone library in continuous flow. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-020-00120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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14
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Ashikari Y, Kawaguchi T, Mandai K, Aizawa Y, Nagaki A. A Synthetic Approach to Dimetalated Arenes Using Flow Microreactors and the Switchable Application to Chemoselective Cross-Coupling Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:17039-17047. [PMID: 32859131 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In spite of their potential utility, the chemistry of dimetalated arenes is still in its infancy because they are extremely difficult to synthesize. We report a novel method of synthesizing arenes bearing a boryl group and a metallic substituent, such as boryl, silyl, stannyl, or zincyl groups, in an integrated flow microreactor based on the generation and reactions of aryllithiums bearing a trialkyl borate moiety. The bimetallic arenes showed a remarkable chemoselectivity in palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The selectivity was switched by the selection of the metal species that constitutes the dimetalated arenes as well as appropriate catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ashikari
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawaguchi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kyoko Mandai
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoko Aizawa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigakukatsura Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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15
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Delacour C, Stephens DS, Lutz C, Mettin R, Kuhn S. Design and Characterization of a Scaled-up Ultrasonic Flow Reactor. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Delacour
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dwayne Savio Stephens
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cécile Lutz
- Service Adsorption, ARKEMA, Groupement de Recherche de Lacq, 64170 Lacq, France
| | - Robert Mettin
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Simon Kuhn
- KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuan Zhao
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601CNRS-Université de Paris, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales 45 Rue des Saints-Pères FR-75006 Paris France
| | - Laurent Micouin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601CNRS-Université de Paris, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales 45 Rue des Saints-Pères FR-75006 Paris France
| | - Riccardo Piccardi
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, UMR 8601CNRS-Université de Paris, Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales 45 Rue des Saints-Pères FR-75006 Paris France
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17
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Wong JYF, Tobin JM, Vilela F, Barker G. Batch Versus Flow Lithiation–Substitution of 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles: Exploitation of Unstable Intermediates Using Flow Chemistry. Chemistry 2019; 25:12439-12445. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Y. F. Wong
- Institute of Chemical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Riccarton Edinburgh UK
| | - John M. Tobin
- Institute of Chemical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Riccarton Edinburgh UK
| | - Filipe Vilela
- Institute of Chemical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Riccarton Edinburgh UK
| | - Graeme Barker
- Institute of Chemical SciencesHeriot-Watt University Riccarton Edinburgh UK
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18
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Hu J, Tian J, Wang K, Deng J, Luo G. Continuous synthesis of tetraethyl thiuram disulfide with CO2 as acid agent in a gas-liquid microdispersion system. J Flow Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-019-00046-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Nagaki A. Recent topics of functionalized organolithiums using flow microreactor chemistry. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Kandasamy M, Huang YH, Ganesan B, Senadi GC, Lin WY. In Situ Generation of Alkynylzinc and Its Subsequent Negishi Reaction in a Flow Reactor. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Kandasamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yu- Hsuan Huang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Balaji Ganesan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Gopal Chandru Senadi
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Engineering and Technology; SRM Institute of Science and Technology; 603203 Kattankulathur Chennai India
| | - Wei-Yu Lin
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry; Kaohsiung Medical University; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; 807 Kaohsiung Taiwan
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21
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22
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Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Using Monolithic Pd Reactors and Scaling-Up by Series Connection of the Reactors. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The space integration of the lithiation of aryl halides, the borylation of aryllithiums, and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling using a Pd catalyst supported by a polymer monolith flow reactor without using an intentionally added base was achieved. To scale up the process, a series connection of the monolith Pd reactor was examined. To suppress the increase in the pressure drop caused by the series connection, a monolith reactor having larger pore sizes was developed by varying the temperature of the monolith preparation. The monolithic Pd reactor having larger pore sizes enabled Suzuki–Miyaura coupling at a higher flow rate because of a lower pressure drop and, therefore, an increase in productivity. The present study indicates that series connection of the reactors with a higher flow rate serves as a good method for increasing the productivity without decreasing the yields.
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23
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Abstract
The continuous flow synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients, value-added chemicals, and materials has grown tremendously over the past ten years. This revolution in chemical manufacturing has resulted from innovations in both new methodology and technology. This field, however, has been predominantly focused on synthetic organic chemistry, and the use of biocatalysts in continuous flow systems is only now becoming popular. Although immobilized enzymes and whole cells in batch systems are common, their continuous flow counterparts have grown rapidly over the past two years. With continuous flow systems offering improved mixing, mass transfer, thermal control, pressurized processing, decreased variation, automation, process analytical technology, and in-line purification, the combination of biocatalysis and flow chemistry opens powerful new process windows. This Review explores continuous flow biocatalysts with emphasis on new technology, enzymes, whole cells, co-factor recycling, and immobilization methods for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, value-added chemicals, and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- Departments of Chemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-2025, USA.
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24
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Richardson J, Mutton SP. Improved Substrate Scope in the Potassium Hexacyanoferrate(II)-Based Cyanation for the Synthesis of Benzonitriles and Their Heterocyclic Analogues. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4922-4931. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffery Richardson
- Eli Lilly and Company, Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P. Mutton
- AMRI UK, Ltd., Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road, Windlesham, Surrey GU20 6PH, United Kingdom
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25
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Abstract
Organic chemistry is continually evolving to improve the syntheses of value added and bioactive compounds. Through this progression, a concomitant advancement in laboratory technology has occurred. Many researchers now choose to mediate transformations in continuous-flow systems given the many benefits over round bottom flasks. Furthermore, reaction scale up is often less problematic as this is addressed at the inception of the science. Although single-step transformations in continuous-flow systems are common, multi-step transformations are more valuable. In these systems, molecular complexity is accrued through sequential transformations to a mobile scaffold, much like an in vitro version of Nature's polyketide synthases. Utilizing this methodology, multi-step continuous-flow systems have improved the syntheses of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), natural products, and commodity chemicals. This Review details these advancements while highlighting the rapid progress, benefits, and diversification of this expanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Britton
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
| | - Colin L Raston
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia.
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26
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Vural Gürsel I, Kockmann N, Hessel V. Fluidic separation in microstructured devices – Concepts and their Integration into process flow networks. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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27
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Plutschack MB, Pieber B, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH. The Hitchhiker's Guide to Flow Chemistry ∥. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11796-11893. [PMID: 28570059 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1047] [Impact Index Per Article: 149.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask. Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions. This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow. Until recently, however, the question, "Should we do this in flow?" has merely been an afterthought. This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Plutschack
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bartholomäus Pieber
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces , Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin , Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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28
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29
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Usutani H, Nihei T, Papageorgiou CD, Cork DG. Development and Scale-up of a Flow Chemistry Lithiation–Borylation Route to a Key Boronic Acid Starting Material. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.7b00100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hirotsugu Usutani
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Process Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Juso-honmachi
2-17-85, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-8686, Japan
| | - Takashi Nihei
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Process Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Juso-honmachi
2-17-85, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-8686, Japan
| | - Charles D. Papageorgiou
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Process Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceutical International Co., 40
Landsdowne St., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David G. Cork
- Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Process Chemistry, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Juso-honmachi
2-17-85, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, 532-8686, Japan
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30
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Ramakrishna V, Dastagiri Reddy N. Synthesis of zwitterionic palladium complexes and their application as catalysts in cross-coupling reactions of aryl, heteroaryl and benzyl bromides with organoboron reagents in neat water. Dalton Trans 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01433c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Imidazolium substituted quinoxaline based zwitterionic Pd(ii) complexes were synthesized and found to be excellent catalysts for carrying out Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reactions in neat water.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry
- Pondicherry University
- Pondicherry 605014
- India
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31
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Hafner A, Filipponi P, Piccioni L, Meisenbach M, Schenkel B, Venturoni F, Sedelmeier J. A Simple Scale-up Strategy for Organolithium Chemistry in Flow Mode: From Feasibility to Kilogram Quantities. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Hafner
- Novartis Pharma AG, Fabrikstrasse 14, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Filipponi
- Novartis Pharma AG, Fabrikstrasse 14, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Mark Meisenbach
- Novartis Pharma AG, Fabrikstrasse 14, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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32
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Kopach ME, Cole KP, Pollock PM, Johnson MD, Braden TM, Webster LP, McClary Groh J, McFarland AD, Schafer JP, Adler JJ, Rosemeyer M. Flow Grignard and Lithiation: Screening Tools and Development of Continuous Processes for a Benzyl Alcohol Starting Material. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Kopach
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Kevin P. Cole
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Patrick M. Pollock
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Martin D. Johnson
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Timothy M. Braden
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Luke P. Webster
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Jennifer McClary Groh
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - Adam D. McFarland
- Small
Molecule Design and Development, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States
| | - John P. Schafer
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46143, United States
| | - Jonathan J. Adler
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46143, United States
| | - Morgan Rosemeyer
- D&M Continuous Solutions, LLC, Greenwood, Indiana 46143, United States
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33
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Roesner S, Buchwald SL. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Biaryls by Negishi Cross-Coupling of Fluoro- and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted (Hetero)arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201605584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Roesner
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Stephen L. Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge MA 02139 USA
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34
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Roesner S, Buchwald SL. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Biaryls by Negishi Cross-Coupling of Fluoro- and Trifluoromethyl-Substituted (Hetero)arenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:10463-7. [PMID: 27456275 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201605584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A continuous-flow method for the regioselective arylation of fluoroarenes and fluoropyridines has been developed. The telescoped procedure reported here consists of a three-step metalation, zincation, and Negishi cross-coupling sequence, providing efficient access to a variety of functionalized 2-fluorobiaryl products. Precise temperature control of the metalation step, made possible by continuous-flow technology, allowed for the efficient preparation of the arylated products in high yields and short residence times. Additionally, several examples of the regioselective arylation of benzotrifluoride derivatives are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Roesner
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Stephen L Buchwald
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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35
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Shang M, Noël T, Su Y, Hessel V. High Pressure Direct Synthesis of Adipic Acid from Cyclohexene and Hydrogen Peroxide via Capillary Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b04813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Group Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Group Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Group Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Department of Chemical Engineering
and Chemistry, Group Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven 5600 MB, The Netherlands
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36
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Nagaki A, Hirose K, Tonomura O, Taniguchi S, Taga T, Hasebe S, Ishizuka N, Yoshida JI. Design of a Numbering-up System of Monolithic Microreactors and Its Application to Synthesis of a Key Intermediate of Valsartan. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiichiro Nagaki
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Hirose
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Osamu Tonomura
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiki Taga
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shinji Hasebe
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Norio Ishizuka
- Emaus Kyoto Inc. R&D, 26 Nishida-cho, Saiin, Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 615-0055, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yoshida
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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37
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Loxq P, Manoury E, Poli R, Deydier E, Labande A. Synthesis of axially chiral biaryl compounds by asymmetric catalytic reactions with transition metals. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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38
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Falß S, Tomaiuolo G, Perazzo A, Hodgson P, Yaseneva P, Zakrzewski J, Guido S, Lapkin A, Woodward R, Meadows RE. A Continuous Process for Buchwald–Hartwig Amination at Micro-, Lab-, and Mesoscale Using a Novel Reactor Concept. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Falß
- INVITE GmbH, Chempark
Leverkusen, 51373 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Giovanna Tomaiuolo
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Perazzo
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paul Hodgson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Polina Yaseneva
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Jacek Zakrzewski
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Stefano Guido
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alexei Lapkin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Woodward
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca E. Meadows
- Pharmaceutical
Development, AstraZeneca, Silk Road Business Park, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, United Kingdom
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39
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Nagaki A, Hirose K, Moriwaki Y, Mitamura K, Matsukawa K, Ishizuka N, Yoshida J. Integration of borylation of aryllithiums and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling using monolithic Pd catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cy02098k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Integration of the preparation of arylboronic esters and Suzuki–Miyaura coupling using monolithic Pd catalyst was successfully achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nagaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615–8510
- Japan
| | - K. Hirose
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615–8510
- Japan
| | - Y. Moriwaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615–8510
- Japan
| | - K. Mitamura
- Emaus Kyoto Inc. R&Ds
- Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 615–0055
- Japan
| | - K. Matsukawa
- Emaus Kyoto Inc. R&Ds
- Ukyo-ku, Kyoto 615–0055
- Japan
| | - N. Ishizuka
- Osaka Municipal Technical Research Institute
- Electronic Material Research Division
- Osaka 536–8553
- Japan
| | - J. Yoshida
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyoto University
- Kyoto 615–8510
- Japan
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40
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Study for diastereoselective aldol reaction in flow: synthesis of (E)-(S)-3-hydroxy-7-tritylthio-4-heptenoic acid, a key component of cyclodepsipeptide HDAC inhibitors. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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41
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Palladium on Carbon-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reaction Using an Efficient and Continuous Flow System. Catalysts 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/catal5010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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42
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Chen Y, Peng H, Pi YX, Meng T, Lian ZY, Yan MQ, Liu Y, Liu SH, Yu GA. Efficient phosphine ligands for the one-pot palladium-catalyzed borylation/Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:3236-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02436b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An air-stable 2-(anthracen-9-yl)-1H-inden-3-yl dicyclohexylphosphine was used in palladium-catalyzed borylation/Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Xiao Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Ze-Yu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Meng-Qi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Sheng-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
| | - Guang-Ao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology
- Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Central China Normal University
- Wuhan 430079
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43
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Pascanu V, Hansen PR, Bermejo Gómez A, Ayats C, Platero-Prats AE, Johansson MJ, Pericàs MÀ, Martín-Matute B. Highly functionalized biaryls via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling catalyzed by Pd@MOF under batch and continuous flow regimes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:123-130. [PMID: 25421122 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201402858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A diverse set of more than 40 highly functionalized biaryls was synthesized successfully through the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction catalyzed by Pd nanoparticles supported in a functionalized mesoporous MOF (8 wt % Pd@MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 ). This could be achieved under some of the mildest conditions reported to date and a strong control over the leaching of metallic species could be maintained, despite the presence of diverse functional groups and/or several heteroatoms. Some of the targeted molecules are important intermediates in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and we clearly exemplify the versatility of this catalytic system, which affords better yields than currently existing commercial procedures. Most importantly, Pd@MIL-101-NH2 was packed in a micro-flow reactor, which represents the first report of metallic nanoparticles supported on MOFs employed in flow chemistry for catalytic applications. A small library of 11 isolated compounds was created in a continuous experiment without replacing the catalyst, demonstrating the potential of the catalyst for large-scale applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Pascanu
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Berzelii Center EXSELENT, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91 (Sweden)
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44
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Nagaki A, Yoshida JI. Preparation and Use of Organolithium and Organomagnesium Species in Flow. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2015_154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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45
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Noël T, Su Y, Hessel V. Beyond Organometallic Flow Chemistry: The Principles Behind the Use of Continuous-Flow Reactors for Synthesis. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2015_152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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46
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Fuse S, Matsumura K, Wakamiya A, Masui H, Tanaka H, Yoshikawa S, Takahashi T. Elucidation of the structure-property relationship of p-type organic semiconductors through rapid library construction via a one-pot, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2014; 16:494-9. [PMID: 25090049 DOI: 10.1021/co500071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of the structure-property relationship is an important issue in the development of organic electronics. Combinatorial synthesis and the evaluation of systematically modified compounds is a powerful tool in the work of elucidating structure-property relationships. In this manuscript, D-π-A structure, 32 p-type organic semiconductors were rapidly synthesized via a one-pot, Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with subsequent Knoevenagel condensation. Evaluation of the solubility and photovoltaic properties of the prepared compounds revealed that the measured solubility was strongly correlated with the solubility parameter (SP), as reported by Fedors. In addition, the SPs were correlated with the Jsc of thin-film organic solar cells prepared using synthesized compounds. Among the evaluated photovoltaic properties of the solar cells, Jsc and Voc had strong correlations with the photoconversion efficiency (PCE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Fuse
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsumura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Atsushi Wakamiya
- Institute
for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hisashi Masui
- Yokohama College of Pharmacy, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan
| | - Susumu Yoshikawa
- Institute
of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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47
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Petersen TP, Becker MR, Knochel P. Continuous flow magnesiation of functionalized heterocycles and acrylates with TMPMgCl⋅LiCl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7933-7. [PMID: 24962240 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201404221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A flow procedure for the metalation of functionalized heterocycles (pyridines, pyrimidines, thiophenes, and thiazoles) and various acrylates using the strong, non-nucleophilic base TMPMgCl⋅LiCl is reported. The flow conditions allow the magnesiations to be performed under more convenient conditions than the comparable batch reactions, which often require cryogenic temperatures and long reaction times. Moreover, the flow reactions are directly scalable without further optimization. Metalation under flow conditions also allows magnesiations that did not produce the desired products under batch conditions, such as the magnesiation of sensitive acrylic derivatives. The magnesiated species are subsequently quenched with various electrophiles, thereby introducing a broad range of functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine P Petersen
- Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Chemie Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Haus F, 81377 München (Germany)
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48
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Petersen TP, Becker MR, Knochel P. Magnesierung funktionalisierter Heterocyclen und Acrylate unter Verwendung von TMPMgCl⋅LiCl in kontinuierlichem Fluss. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201404221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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49
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Filipponi P, Ostacolo C, Novellino E, Pellicciari R, Gioiello A. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Thieno[2,3-c]isoquinolin-5(4H)-one Scaffold: A Valuable Source of PARP-1 Inhibitors. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500074h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Filipponi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo
1, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carmine Ostacolo
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, I-80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Pellicciari
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo
1, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
- TES Pharma S.r.l.,
Via Palmiro Togliatti 22bis, I-06073
Loc. Terrioli, Corciano (Perugia), Italy
| | - Antimo Gioiello
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Perugia, Via del Liceo
1, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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50
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Michel B, Greaney MF. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Trimethylsilylphenyl Perfluorosulfonate Benzyne Precursors. Org Lett 2014; 16:2684-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500959e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Michel
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Michael F. Greaney
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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