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Yildiz P, Ozcan S. A single protein to multiple peptides: Investigation of protein-peptide correlations using targeted alpha-2-macroglobulin analysis. Talanta 2023; 265:124878. [PMID: 37392709 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in proteomics technologies have enabled the analysis of thousands of proteins in a high-throughput manner. Mass spectrometry (MS) based proteomics uses a peptide-centric approach where biological samples undergo specific proteolytic digestion and then only unique peptides are used for protein identification and quantification. Considering the fact that a single protein may have multiple unique peptides and a number of different forms, it becomes essential to understand dynamic protein-peptide relationships to ensure robust and reliable peptide-centric protein analysis. In this study, we investigated the correlation between protein concentration and corresponding unique peptide responses under a conventional proteolytic digestion condition. Protein-peptide correlation, digestion efficiency, matrix-effect, and concentration-effect were evaluated. Twelve unique peptides of alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2MG) were monitored using a targeted MS approach to acquire insights into protein-peptide dynamics. Although the peptide responses were reproducible between replicates, protein-peptide correlation was moderate in protein standards and low in complex matrices. The results suggest that reproducible peptide signal could be misleading in clinical studies and a peptide selection could dramatically change the outcome at protein level. This is the first study investigating quantitative protein-peptide correlations in biological samples using all unique peptides representing the same protein and opens a discussion on peptide-based proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pelin Yildiz
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkiye; Nanografi Nanotechnology Co, Middle East Technical University (METU) Technopolis, 06531, Ankara, Turkiye
| | - Sureyya Ozcan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkiye; Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyL), Middle East Technical University (METU), 06800, Ankara, Turkiye.
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2
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de Castro JC, Wang D, Strakowski J, Emril DR, Chang Chien GC. Alpha-2 macroglobulin for the treatment of neuroma pain in the stump of a below-knee amputee patient. Pain Manag 2023; 13:335-341. [PMID: 37551540 DOI: 10.2217/pmt-2023-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report describes the successful treatment of neuroma pain in the setting of below knee amputations using alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M). A 34-year-old female patient presented with 9 months of stump pain despite conservative treatment. The exam revealed persistent pain through rest periods and weight-bearing status during therapy. Ultrasound showed neuroma formation with neovascularization. The patient underwent two A2M hydrodissection treatments, 2 weeks apart. The patient reported significant pain relief. Ultrasound showed decreases in neovascularization and cross-sectional area of the neuroma. The patient was able to ambulate pain-free for 2 years and reported no pain since. A2M may be a treatment for patients with neuroma pain in the setting of amputations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeffrey Strakowski
- The Ohio State University, Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Columbus, OH, 43214, USA
| | - Dessy R Emril
- Medical Faculty of Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia
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3
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Huang X, Wang Y, Yu C, Zhang H, Ru Q, Li X, Song K, Zhou M, Zhu P. Cryo-EM structures reveal the dynamic transformation of human alpha-2-macroglobulin working as a protease inhibitor. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 65:2491-2504. [PMID: 35781771 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-022-2139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Human alpha-2-macroglobulin is a well-known inhibitor of a broad spectrum of proteases and plays important roles in immunity, inflammation, and infections. Here, we report the cryo-EM structures of human alpha-2-macroglobulin in its native state, induced state transformed by its authentic substrate, human trypsin, and serial intermediate states between the native and fully induced states. These structures exhibit distinct conformations, which reveal the dynamic transformation of alpha-2-macro-globulin that acts as a protease inhibitor. The results shed light on the molecular mechanism of alpha-2-macroglobulin in entrapping substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxing Huang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Youwang Wang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cong Yu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Ru
- The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and Peking Union Medical College (PUMC), Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kai Song
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Min Zhou
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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4
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Zia MK, Siddiqui T, Ahsan H, Khan FH. Comprehensive insight into the molecular interaction of an anticancer drug-ifosfamide with human alpha-2-macroglobulin: biophysical and in silico studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:3907-3916. [PMID: 33267704 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1852115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ifosfamide is an active alkylating chemotherapeutic drug chemically related to nitrogen mustard. The pharmacokinetics of drugs is affected upon binding with protein, making the studies on drug-protein interaction promising. The present study investigates the interaction between ifosfamide and human antiproteinase-alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) by using multi-spectroscopic and in silico techniques. The UV-visible absorption, intrinsic fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic methods were employed to unveil the mode and mechanism of ifosfamide-α2M interaction. Fluorescence quenching studies performed at three different temperatures indicated that ifosfamide-α2M complex formation involves static quenching. Far UV-CD spectra revealed a minor alteration in the secondary structure of α2M instigated by ifosfamide. The thermodynamic parameters determined by fluorescence quenching experiment and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) suggested that the complex between ifosfamide and α2M involves hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. Molecular docking illustrates that ifosfamide binds with moderate affinity to Lys1240, Asn173, Ser957, Leu955, Asp953, Lys1216 and Thr1236 residues during the interaction. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation suggested that the ifosfamide forms a stable complex with α2M. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Tooba Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Antipsychotic clozapine binding to alpha-2-macroglobulin protects interacting partners against oxidation and preserves the anti-proteinase activity of the protein. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:502-512. [PMID: 33930446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the interaction between clozapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, and alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M), a multipurpose anti-proteinase, was investigated under simulated (patho) physiological conditions using multiple spectroscopic techniques and molecular modeling. It was found that α2M binds clozapine with a moderate affinity (the binding constant of 0.9 × 105 M-1 at 37 °C). The preferable binding site for both clozapine's atropisomers was revealed to be a large pocket at the interface of C and D monomer subunits of the protein. Hydrogen bonds and the hydrophobic effect were proposed as dominant forces in complex formation. The binding of clozapine did not induce significant conformational change of the protein, as confirmed by virtually unaltered α2M secondary structure and anti-proteinase activity. However, both clozapine and α2M shielded each other from the deleterious influence of strong oxidants: sodium hypochlorite and 2,2'-azobis-2-methyl-propanimidamide dihydrochloride (AAPH). Moreover, clozapine in a concentration range that is usually targeted in the plasma during patients' treatment effectively protected the anti-proteinase activity of α2M under AAPH-induced free radical overproduction. Our results suggest that the cooperation between α2M and clozapine may be a path by which these two molecules synergistically protect neural tissue against injury caused by disturbed proteostasis or oxidative stress.
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Siddiqui T, Zia MK, Ahsan H, Khan FH. Quercetin-induced inactivation and conformational alterations of alpha-2-macroglobulin: multi-spectroscopic and calorimetric study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:4107-4118. [PMID: 31543004 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1671232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Quercetin is a widely used bioflavonoid found in onions, grapes, berries and citrus fruits. Under certain conditions, quercetin acts as a pro-oxidant thereby generating reactive oxygen species and promoting the oxidation of molecules. Our study investigates the effect of quercetin on the structure and function of alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M) by employing various biophysical techniques and trypsin inhibitory assay. α2M is the major antiproteinase present in the plasma of vertebrates. Results of activity assay indicated that α2M loses its 56% of inhibitory activity on treatment with quercetin in the presence of light. UV spectroscopy reveals hyper chromaticity in absorption spectra of protein on interaction with quercetin suggesting structural change. The intrinsic fluorescence studies showed quenching of α2M spectra in the presence of quercetin, and the mode of quenching was found to be static in nature. Synchronous fluorescence indicated the alteration in the microenvironment of tryptophan residues. CD and FTIR spectroscopy confirms concentration-dependent alterations in secondary structure of α2M instigated by quercetin. The magnitude of binding constant, enthalpy change, entropy change and free energy change during the interaction process was determined by isothermal titration calorimetry. Hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction were the main intermolecular forces involved during the process. This study identifies and signifies the damage induced by quercetin to α2M due to its pro-oxidant action. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Haseeb Ahsan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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7
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Mohindra V, Dangi T, Chowdhury LM, Jena JK. Tissue specific alpha-2-Macroglobulin (A2M) splice isoform diversity in Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216144. [PMID: 31335900 PMCID: PMC6650032 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study, for the first time, reported twelve A2M isoforms in Tenualosa ilisha, through SMRT sequencing. Hilsa shad, T. ilisha, an anadromous fish, faces environmental stresses and is thus prone to diseases. Here, expression profiles of different A2M isoforms in four tissues were studied in T. ilisha, for the tissue specific diversity of A2M. Large scale high quality full length transcripts (>0.99% accuracy) were obtained from liver, ovary, testes and gill transcriptomes, through Iso-sequencing on PacBio RSII. A total of 12 isoforms, with complete putatative proteins, were detected in three tissues (7 isoforms in liver, 4 in ovary and 1 in testes). Complete structure of A2M mRNA was predicted from these isoforms, containing 4680 bp sequence, 35 exons and 1508 amino acids. With Homo sapiens A2M as reference, six functional domains (A2M_N,A2M_N2, A2M, Thiol-ester_cl, Complement and Receptor domain), along with a bait region, were predicted in A2M consensus protein. A total of 35 splice sites were identified in T. ilisha A2M consensus transcript, with highest frequency (55.7%) of GT-AG splice sites, as compared to that of Homo sapiens. Liver showed longest isoform (X1) consisting of all domains, while smallest (X10) was found in ovary with one Receptor domain. Present study predicted five putative markers (I-212, I-269, A-472, S-567 and Y-906) for EUS disease resistance in A2M protein, which were present in MG2 domains (A2M_N and A2M_N2), by comparing with that of resistant and susceptible/unknown response species. These markers classified fishes into two groups, resistant and susceptible response. Potential markers, predicted in T. ilisha, placed it to be EUS susceptible category. Putative markers reported in A2M protein may serve as molecular markers in diagnosis of EUS disease resistance/susceptibility in fishes and may have a potential for inclusion in the marker panel for pilot studies. Further, challenging studies are required to confirm the role of particular A2M isoforms and markers identified in immune protection against EUS disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vindhya Mohindra
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBFGR), Lucknow, India
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Tanushree Dangi
- ICAR-National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBFGR), Lucknow, India
| | | | - J. K. Jena
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Krishi Anusandhan Bhawan—II, New Delhi, India
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8
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Ali SS, Zia MK, Siddiqui T, Khan FH. Binding interaction of sheep alpha-2-macroglobulin and tannic acid: A spectroscopic and thermodynamic study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 204:748-753. [PMID: 30007881 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tannic acid is a polyphenol found in plant species commonly consumed by ruminants. It works as an important molecule in plant defense system to fight against environmental stressors. Tannic acid has number of effects on animals and humans. An attempt has been made to study the interaction of tannic acid with alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2M). α2M is a large tetrameric glycoprotein which function as a key serum anti-proteinase under physiological conditions. In the present study we explored the tannic acid-α2M interaction by number of spectroscopic techniques such as UV, fluorescence, CD and FTIR along with isothermal titration calorimetry. CD and FT-IR spectroscopy were mainly used to study the secondary structural change induced in the antiproteinase. Analysis of activity shows the antiproteolytic potential of protein was compromised. Data of UV spectroscopy shows formation of α2M-tannic acid complex. The thermodynamic signatures of this interaction reveals hydrogen bonding played a major role in the binding of α2M-tannic acid. Analysis of CD and FTIR results suggest a minor conformational change in α2M on tannic acid binding. Overall, tannic acid induces subtle conformation change in α2M structure resulting the loss of its proteinase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Saqib Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Mohammad Khalid Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Tooba Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Fahim Halim Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
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9
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Interaction of anti-cancer drug-cisplatin with major proteinase inhibitor-alpha-2-macroglobulin: Biophysical and thermodynamic analysis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:721-727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Robinson JL, Soria P, Xu M, Vrana M, Luchetti J, Lu HH, Chen J, Wadhwa S. Estrogen Promotes Mandibular Condylar Fibrocartilage Chondrogenesis and Inhibits Degeneration via Estrogen Receptor Alpha in Female Mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8527. [PMID: 29867155 PMCID: PMC5986784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26937-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint degenerative disease (TMJ-DD) is a chronic form of TMJ disorder that specifically afflicts people over the age of 40 and targets women at a higher rate than men. Prevalence of TMJ-DD in this population suggests that estrogen loss plays a role in the disease pathogenesis. Thus, the goal of the present study was to determine the role of estrogen on chondrogenesis and homeostasis via estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) during growth and maturity of the joint. Young and mature WT and ERαKO female mice were subjected to ovariectomy procedures and then given placebo or estradiol treatment. The effect of estrogen via ERα on fibrocartilage morphology, matrix production, and protease activity was assessed. In the young mice, estrogen via ERα promoted mandibular condylar fibrocartilage chondrogenesis partly by inhibiting the canonical Wnt signaling pathway through upregulation of sclerostin (Sost). In the mature mice, protease activity was partly inhibited with estrogen treatment via the upregulation and activity of protease inhibitor 15 (Pi15) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2m). The results from this work provide a mechanistic understanding of estradiol on TMJ growth and homeostasis and can be utilized for development of therapeutic targets to promote regeneration and inhibit degeneration of the mandibular condylar fibrocartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Robinson
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA. .,Columbia University Department of Biomedical Engineering, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Paola Soria
- Columbia University Division of Orthodontics, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Manshan Xu
- Columbia University Division of Orthodontics, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mark Vrana
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jeffrey Luchetti
- Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Helen H Lu
- Columbia University Department of Biomedical Engineering, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Jing Chen
- Columbia University Division of Orthodontics, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sunil Wadhwa
- Columbia University Division of Orthodontics, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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11
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Zouhir S, Robert-Genthon M, Trindade DM, Job V, Nedeljković M, Breyton C, Ebel C, Attrée I, Dessen A. Assembly of an atypical α-macroglobulin complex from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2018; 8:527. [PMID: 29323132 PMCID: PMC5764988 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-2-macroglobulins (A2Ms) are large spectrum protease inhibitors that are major components of the eukaryotic immune system. Pathogenic and colonizing bacteria, such as the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, also carry structural homologs of eukaryotic A2Ms. Two types of bacterial A2Ms have been identified: Type I, much like the eukaryotic form, displays a conserved thioester that is essential for protease targeting, and Type II, which lacks the thioester and to date has been poorly studied despite its ubiquitous presence in Gram-negatives. Here we show that MagD, the Type II A2M from P. aeruginosa that is expressed within the six-gene mag operon, specifically traps a target protease despite the absence of the thioester motif, comforting its role in protease inhibition. In addition, analytical ultracentrifugation and small angle scattering show that MagD forms higher order complexes with proteins expressed in the same operon (MagA, MagB, and MagF), with MagB playing the key stabilization role. A P. aeruginosa strain lacking magB cannot stably maintain MagD in the bacterial periplasm, engendering complex disruption. This suggests a regulated mechanism of Mag complex formation and stabilization that is potentially common to numerous Gram-negative organisms, and that plays a role in periplasm protection from proteases during infection or colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Zouhir
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mylène Robert-Genthon
- University Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble (BIG), Grenoble, France
| | | | - Viviana Job
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marko Nedeljković
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Breyton
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Ebel
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Ina Attrée
- University Grenoble Alpes, Bacterial Pathogenesis and Cellular Responses Group, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble (BIG), Grenoble, France
| | - Andréa Dessen
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. .,University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), F-38000, Grenoble, France.
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12
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Masurier N, Arama DP, El Amri C, Lisowski V. Inhibitors of kallikrein-related peptidases: An overview. Med Res Rev 2017; 38:655-683. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Masurier
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Dominique P. Arama
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Montpellier Cedex France
| | - Chahrazade El Amri
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8256; Biological Adaptation and Ageing, Integrated Cellular Ageing and Inflammation, Molecular & Functional Enzymology; Paris France
| | - Vincent Lisowski
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247, CNRS; Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques; Montpellier Cedex France
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13
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Rehman AA, Ahsan H, Khan FH. Identification of a new alpha-2-macroglobulin: Multi-spectroscopic and isothermal titration calorimetry study. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 83:366-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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14
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Conway ED, Stiles J, Townsend WM, Weng HY. Evaluation of species differences and the effects of storage duration and temperature on the anticollagenase efficacy of canine, feline, and equine serum on in vitro corneal degradation. Am J Vet Res 2015; 76:989-95. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.76.11.989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Fyfe CD, Grinter R, Josts I, Mosbahi K, Roszak AW, Cogdell RJ, Wall DM, Burchmore RJS, Byron O, Walker D. Structure of protease-cleaved Escherichia coli α-2-macroglobulin reveals a putative mechanism of conformational activation for protease entrapment. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA. SECTION D, BIOLOGICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 2015; 71:1478-86. [PMID: 26143919 PMCID: PMC4498604 DOI: 10.1107/s1399004715008548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial α-2-macroglobulins have been suggested to function in defence as broad-spectrum inhibitors of host proteases that breach the outer membrane. Here, the X-ray structure of protease-cleaved Escherichia coli α-2-macroglobulin is described, which reveals a putative mechanism of activation and conformational change essential for protease inhibition. In this competitive mechanism, protease cleavage of the bait-region domain results in the untethering of an intrinsically disordered region of this domain which disrupts native interdomain interactions that maintain E. coli α-2-macroglobulin in the inactivated form. The resulting global conformational change results in entrapment of the protease and activation of the thioester bond that covalently links to the attacking protease. Owing to the similarity in structure and domain architecture of Escherichia coli α-2-macroglobulin and human α-2-macroglobulin, this protease-activation mechanism is likely to operate across the diverse members of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron D. Fyfe
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Rhys Grinter
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Inokentijs Josts
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Khedidja Mosbahi
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Aleksander W. Roszak
- WestCHEM, School of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Richard J. Cogdell
- Institute of Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Daniel M. Wall
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Richard J. S. Burchmore
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Olwyn Byron
- School of Life Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
| | - Daniel Walker
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
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16
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Goulas T, Garcia-Ferrer I, García-Piqué S, Sottrup-Jensen L, Gomis-Rüth FX. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction analysis of eukaryotic α2 -macroglobulin family members modified by methylamine, proteases and glycosidases. Mol Oral Microbiol 2014; 29:354-64. [PMID: 25052482 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
α2 -Macroglobulin (α2 M) has many functions in vertebrate physiology. To understand the basis of such functions, high-resolution structural models of its conformations and complexes with interacting partners are required. In an attempt to grow crystals that diffract to high or medium resolution, we isolated native human α2 M (hα2 M) and its counterpart from chicken egg white (ovostatin) from natural sources. We developed specific purification protocols, and modified the purified proteins either by deglycosylation or by conversion to their induced forms. Native proteins yielded macroscopically disordered crystals or crystals only diffracting to very low resolution (>20 Å), respectively. Optimization of native hα2 M crystals by varying chemical conditions was unsuccessful, while dehydration of native ovostatin crystals improved diffraction only slightly (10 Å). Moreover, treatment with several glycosidases hindered crystallization. Both proteins formed spherulites that were unsuitable for X-ray analysis, owing to a reduction of protein stability or an increase in sample heterogeneity. In contrast, transforming the native proteins to their induced forms by reaction either with methylamine or with peptidases (thermolysin and chymotrypsin) rendered well-shaped crystals routinely diffracting below 7 Å in a reproducible manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goulas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Structure of a bacterial α2-macroglobulin reveals mimicry of eukaryotic innate immunity. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4917. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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18
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Robert-Genthon M, Casabona MG, Neves D, Couté Y, Cicéron F, Elsen S, Dessen A, Attrée I. Unique features of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa α2-macroglobulin homolog. mBio 2013; 4:e00309-13. [PMID: 23919994 PMCID: PMC3735191 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00309-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Human pathogens frequently use protein mimicry to manipulate host cells in order to promote their survival. Here we show that the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa synthesizes a structural homolog of the human α2-macroglobulin, a large-spectrum protease inhibitor and important player of innate immunity. Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis demonstrated that the fold of P. aeruginosa MagD (PA4489) is similar to that of the human macroglobulin and undergoes a conformational modification upon binding of human neutrophil elastase. MagD synthesis is under the control of a general virulence regulatory pathway including the inner membrane sensor RetS and the RNA-binding protein RsmA, and MagD undergoes cleavage from a 165-kDa to a 100-kDa form in all clinical isolates tested. Fractionation and immunoprecipitation experiments showed that MagD is translocated to the bacterial periplasm and resides within the inner membrane in a complex with three other molecular partners, MagA, MagB, and MagF, all of them encoded by the same six-gene genetic element. Inactivation of the whole 10-kb operon on the PAO1 genome resulted in mislocalization of uncleaved, in trans-provided MagD as well as its rapid degradation. Thus, pathogenic bacteria have acquired a homolog of human macroglobulin that plays roles in host-pathogen interactions potentially through recognition of host proteases and/or antimicrobial peptides; it is thus essential for bacterial defense. IMPORTANCE The pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is multifactorial and relies on surface-associated and secreted proteins with different toxic activities. Here we show that the bacterium synthesizes a 160-kDa structural homolog of the human large-spectrum protease inhibitor α2-macroglobulin. The bacterial protein is localized in the periplasm and is associated with the inner membrane through the formation of a multimolecular complex. Its synthesis is coregulated at the posttranscriptional level with other virulence determinants, suggesting that it has a role in bacterial pathogenicity and/or in defense against the host immune system. Thus, this new P. aeruginosa macromolecular complex may represent a future target for antibacterial developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Neves
- Brazilian National Laboratory for Biosciences (LNBio), CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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19
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Rehman AA, Ahsan H, Khan FH. α-2-Macroglobulin: a physiological guardian. J Cell Physiol 2013; 228:1665-75. [PMID: 23086799 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alpha macroglobulins are large glycoproteins which are present in the body fluids of both invertebrates and vertebrates. Alpha-2-macroglobulin (α2 M), a key member of alpha macroglobulin superfamily, is a high-molecular weight homotetrameric glycoprotein. α2 M has many diversified and complex functions, but it is primarily known by its ability to inhibit a broad spectrum of proteases without the direct blockage of the protease active site. α2 M is also known to be involved in the regulation, transport, and a host of other functions. For example, apart from inhibiting proteinases, it regulates binding of transferrin to its surface receptor, binds defensin and myelin basic protein, etc., binds several important cytokines, including basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and modify their biological activity. α2 M also binds a number of hormones and regulates their activity. α2 M is said to protect the body against various infections, and hence, can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of a number of diseases. However, this multipurpose antiproteinse is not "fail safe" and could be damaged by reactive species generated endogenously or exogenously, leading to various pathophysiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Rehman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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