1
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Demertzidou VP, Kourgiantaki M, Zografos AL. Expanding Natural Diversity: Tailored Enrichment of the 8,12-Sesquiterpenoid Lactone Chemical Space through Divergent Synthesis. Org Lett 2024; 26:4648-4653. [PMID: 38780007 PMCID: PMC11187629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The divergent synthesis of a non-natural 8,12-sesquiterpenoid lactone collection is described. The synthesis relies on a rationally designed guaianolide scaffold bearing a tertiary hydroxyl as the pinpoint for inducing its selective diversification. Key reactions include an unprecedented Suarez-type CH lactonization and a highly diastereoselective oxy-Cope/ene cascade that allows the introduction of three stereocenters in a single operation. Selective oxidative/reductive and redox neutral transformations follow to highlight the synthesis of naturally unpresented highly substituted 8,12-guaianolides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki, Department of Chemistry,
Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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2
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Chen B, Zhang X, Yang Y, Xu D, Wu Q, Wang S, Bao S, Zhang X, Ding Y, Wang L, Chen Y. Hypocretenolides: collective total syntheses and activities toward metastatic colon cancer. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6397-6401. [PMID: 38699277 PMCID: PMC11062092 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01469c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
A concise and collective synthetic route to hypocretenolides was developed for the first time. This route features one-pot addition-alkylation and intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to efficiently assemble the 5/7/6 ring system. Our syntheses enabled multigram preparation of hypocretenolide which facilitated further biological evaluation. Preliminary CCK-8 cytotoxic results of hypocretenolide indicated its IC50 values within 1 μM against 4 colon cancer cell lines. Wound healing and transwell assays suggested the promising inhibitory activities of hypocretenolide toward the migratory capabilities of colon cancer cells in vitro. The animal results confirmed that hypocretenolide can inhibit metastasis of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yufen Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Qianwei Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road Tianjin 300353 China
| | - Shibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Shiqi Bao
- Accendatech Co. Ltd 32nd Floor, Rongqiao Center, Intersection of Changjiang Road and Nankai Six Road Tianjin 300102 China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Accendatech Co. Ltd 32nd Floor, Rongqiao Center, Intersection of Changjiang Road and Nankai Six Road Tianjin 300102 China
| | - Yahui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Nankai University 94 Weijin Road Tianjin 300071 China
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3
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Liu W, Yu Z, Winssinger N. Total Syntheses of Paraconic Acids and 1,10- seco-Guaianolides via a Barbier Allylation/Translactonization Cascade of 3-(Bromomethyl)-2(5 H)-furanone. Org Lett 2021; 23:969-973. [PMID: 33502871 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed Barbier allylation/translactonization cascade reaction was established for the rapid construction of β,γ-disubstituted α-exo-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, an important motif in sesquiterpenes. Dimethyl zinc played significant roles in both steps for the umpolung of π-allylpalladium as a nucleophile and promoting a Lewis acid-mediated translactonization. This sequence showed a broad substrate scope and was further harnessed for the synthesis of two paraconic acids as well as the first protecting-group-free total synthesis of two 1,10-seco-guaianolides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Liu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zhimei Yu
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Winssinger
- Department of Organic Chemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Geneva, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Hu X, Musacchio AJ, Shen X, Tao Y, Maimone TJ. Allylative Approaches to the Synthesis of Complex Guaianolide Sesquiterpenes from Apiaceae and Asteraceae. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14904-14915. [PMID: 31448610 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With hundreds of unique members isolated to date, guaianolide lactones represent a particularly prolific class of terpene natural products. Given their extensive documented therapeutic properties and fascinating chemical structures, these metabolites have captivated the synthetic chemistry community for many decades. As a result of divergent biosynthetic pathways, which produce a wide array of stereochemical and oxidative permutations, a unifying synthetic pathway to this broad family of natural products is challenging. Herein we document the evolution of a chiral-pool-based synthetic program aimed at accessing an assortment of guaianolides, particularly those from the plant family Apiaceae as well as Asteraceae, members of which possess distinct chemical substructures and necessitate deviating synthetic platforms. An initial route employing the linear monoterpene linalool generated a lower oxidation state guaianolide but was not compatible with the majority of family members. A double-allylation disconnection using a carvone-derived fragment was then developed to access first an Asteraceae-type guaianolide and then various Apiaceae congeners. Finally, using these findings in conjunction with a tandem polyoxygenation cascade, we developed a pathway to highly oxygenated nortrilobolide. A variety of interesting observations in metal-mediated aldehyde allylation and alkene polyoxygenation are reported and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas J Maimone
- Department of Chemistry , University of California, Berkeley , 826 Latimer Hall , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
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5
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Rodrigues L, Majik MS. Progress towards the Total Syntheses of
Lycopodium
Alkaloid, Lycopladine A. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lima Rodrigues
- School of Chemical SciencesGoa University Taleigao Plateau Goa India
| | - Mahesh Satu Majik
- School of Chemical SciencesGoa University Taleigao Plateau Goa India
- Department of ChemistryDnyanprassarak Mandal's College and Research Centre Assago Goa 403 507
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6
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Sankar MG, Roy S, Tran TTN, Wittstein K, Bauer JO, Strohmann C, Ziegler S, Kumar K. Scaffold Diversity Synthesis Delivers Complex, Structurally, and Functionally Distinct Tetracyclic Benzopyrones. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:302-309. [PMID: 29721402 PMCID: PMC5917230 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Complexity-generating chemical transformations that afford novel molecular scaffolds enriched in sp3 character are highly desired. Here, we present a highly stereoselective scaffold diversity synthesis approach that utilizes cascade double-annulation reactions of diverse pairs of zwitterionic and non-zwitterionic partners with 3-formylchromones to generate highly complex tetracyclic benzopyrones. Each pair of annulation partners adds to the common chroman-4-one scaffold to build two new rings, supporting up to four contiguous chiral centers that include an all-carbon quaternary center. Differently ring-fused benzopyrones display different biological activities, thus demonstrating their immense potential in medicinal chemistry and chemical biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar G. Sankar
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Sayantani Roy
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Tuyen Thi Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Kathrin Wittstein
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Jonathan O. Bauer
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
| | - Kamal Kumar
- Department of Chemical BiologyMax Planck Institute of Molecular PhysiologyOtto-Hahn Str. 1144227DortmundGermany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTechnical University of DortmundOtto-Hahn Str. 644227DortmundGermany
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7
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Kandimalla SR, Sabitha G. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Oxacyclic Spirooxindole Derivatives through Ring-Closing Enyne Metathesis and Intramolecular Pauson-Khand (2+2+1) Cyclization of Oxindole Enynes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satheeshkumar Reddy Kandimalla
- Natural Products Chemistry Division; CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi 110 025 India
| | - Gowravaram Sabitha
- Natural Products Chemistry Division; CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology; Hyderabad 500007 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); New Delhi 110 025 India
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8
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Hu X, Xu S, Maimone TJ. A Double Allylation Strategy for Gram-Scale Guaianolide Production: Total Synthesis of (+)-Mikanokryptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1624-1628. [PMID: 28052523 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
With over 5000 members isolated to date, sesquiterpene lactones represent a prolific source of medicinal agents with several derivatives in human clinical trials. The guaianolides, a major subset of this group, have been intensely investigated from both medicinal and chemical-synthesis perspectives for decades. To date, the myriad stereochemical permutations presented by this enormous family have precluded the synthesis of many unique members. Herein we report the total synthesis of the trans-fused 8,12-guaianolide (+)-mikanokryptin in 10 steps from (+)-carvone. Notably, this synthesis is the first gram-scale total synthesis of a guaianolide natural product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Silong Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Current address: Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P.R. China
| | - Thomas J Maimone
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, 826 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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9
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Hu X, Xu S, Maimone TJ. A Double Allylation Strategy for Gram-Scale Guaianolide Production: Total Synthesis of (+)-Mikanokryptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xirui Hu
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
| | - Silong Xu
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
- Current address: Department of Chemistry, School of Science; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an 710049 P.R. China
| | - Thomas J. Maimone
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Berkeley; 826 Latimer Hall Berkeley CA 94720 USA
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10
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Richmond E, Khan IU, Moran J. Enantioselective and Regiodivergent Functionalization ofN-Allylcarbamates by Mechanistically Divergent Multicatalysis. Chemistry 2016; 22:12274-7. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Richmond
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS); Centre International de Recherche aux Frontières de la Chimie (icFRC); Université de Strasbourg; CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Ismat Ullah Khan
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS); Centre International de Recherche aux Frontières de la Chimie (icFRC); Université de Strasbourg; CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid i Azam University; Islamabad 45320 Pakistan
| | - Joseph Moran
- Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS); Centre International de Recherche aux Frontières de la Chimie (icFRC); Université de Strasbourg; CNRS; 8 allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France
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11
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Demertzidou VP, Zografos AL. Platinum-catalyzed cycloisomerizations of a common enyne: a divergent entry to cyclopropane sesquiterpenoids. Formal synthesis of sarcandralactone A. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:6942-6. [PMID: 27353206 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01226d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A common enyne scaffold, resembling the structures of natural elemanes was found to be an excellent substrate for highly regioselective cycloisomerizations to produce diverse cyclopropane sesquiterpenoids. Platinum-catalysis was utilized to produce either lindenane or myliol cores, found in natural products, starting from enyne acetate 10 and its corresponding allene 12 respectively. Based on this concept, a second generation strategy allows the formal synthesis of sarcandralactone A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera P Demertzidou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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12
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Mao J, Li H, Wen H, Li M, Fan X, Bao W. Palladium-Catalyzed Two-Component Domino Coupling Reaction of (Z)-β-Bromostyrenes with Norbornenes: Synthesis of 1,5-Enynes. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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King JR, Edgar S, Qiao K, Stephanopoulos G. Accessing Nature's diversity through metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. F1000Res 2016; 5. [PMID: 27081481 PMCID: PMC4813638 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7311.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this perspective, we highlight recent examples and trends in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology that demonstrate the synthetic potential of enzyme and pathway engineering for natural product discovery. In doing so, we introduce natural paradigms of secondary metabolism whereby simple carbon substrates are combined into complex molecules through “scaffold diversification”, and subsequent “derivatization” of these scaffolds is used to synthesize distinct complex natural products. We provide examples in which modern pathway engineering efforts including combinatorial biosynthesis and biological retrosynthesis can be coupled to directed enzyme evolution and rational enzyme engineering to allow access to the “privileged” chemical space of natural products in industry-proven microbes. Finally, we forecast the potential to produce natural product-like discovery platforms in biological systems that are amenable to single-step discovery, validation, and synthesis for streamlined discovery and production of biologically active agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason R King
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Steven Edgar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kangjian Qiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Gregory Stephanopoulos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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14
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Serba C, Lagoutte R, Winssinger N. Rapid and Scalable Synthesis ofcis-Fused Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpenes. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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15
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Stathakis CI, Gkizis PL, Zografos AL. Metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization as a powerful tool in the synthesis of complex sesquiterpenoids. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1093-117. [DOI: 10.1039/c6np00026f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal-catalyzed cycloisomerization reactions can be regarded as “artificial sesquiterpenoid cyclase” tools in modern organic synthesis, and their progress is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Thessaloniki
- Greece
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16
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Castillo A, Silva L, Briones D, Quílez del Moral JF, Barrero AF. Collective Synthesis of Natural Products Sharing the Dihydro-γ-Ionone Core. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Anagnostaki EE, Demertzidou VP, Zografos AL. Divergent pathways to furosesquiterpenes: first total syntheses of (+)-zedoarol and (Rac)-gweicurculactone. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2364-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09298h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Divergent transformation of a non-natural elemane to furo-guaiane and furo-cadinane cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet E. Anagnostaki
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- 54124 Thessaloniki
- Greece
| | - Vera P. Demertzidou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- 54124 Thessaloniki
- Greece
| | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
- Department of Chemistry
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry
- 54124 Thessaloniki
- Greece
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18
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Mo DL, Wink DJ, Anderson LL. Solvent-Controlled Bifurcated Cascade Process for the Selective Preparation of Dihydrocarbazoles or Dihydropyridoindoles. Chemistry 2014; 20:13217-25. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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19
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Raji Reddy C, Kumaraswamy P, Singarapu KK. Sequential Allylic Substitution/Pauson–Khand Reaction: A Strategy to Bicyclic Fused Cyclopentenones from MBH-Acetates of Acetylenic Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2014; 79:7880-8. [PMID: 25105763 DOI: 10.1021/jo500962d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, ‡Centre for NMR & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Paridala Kumaraswamy
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, ‡Centre for NMR & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Kiran K. Singarapu
- Division of Natural Products Chemistry, ‡Centre for NMR & Structural Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500 007, India
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20
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Diversity-oriented synthesis of Lycopodium alkaloids inspired by the hidden functional group pairing pattern. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4614. [PMID: 25082077 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products continue to provide a rich source of inspiration for both chemists and biologists. The efficient synthesis of bioactive natural products or natural product-like molecules has offered tremendous opportunities for complex biological processes exploration and drug discovery. However, because natural products usually contain numerous stereogenic centres and polycyclic ring systems, significant synthetic challenges remain. Here we employ the build/couple/pair strategy that is frequently used in diversity-oriented synthesis to obtain skeletally diverse compounds with complexities comparable to natural products. Inspired by the functional group pairing patterns hidden in Lycopodium alkaloids, we efficiently and in parallel construct four natural products, (+)-Serratezomine A, (-)-Serratinine, (+)-8α-Hydroxyfawcettimine and (-)-Lycoposerramine-U, as well as six different unnatural scaffolds, following the advanced build/couple/pair algorithm. This newly developed strategy is expected to be applied to the efficient synthesis of other complex natural products possessing functional group pairing patterns as well as skeletally diverse natural product-like molecules.
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22
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Tran DN, Cramer N. Biomimetic synthesis of (+)-ledene, (+)-viridiflorol, (-)-palustrol, (+)-spathulenol, and psiguadial A, C, and D via the platform terpene (+)-bicyclogermacrene. Chemistry 2014; 20:10654-60. [PMID: 24867775 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201403082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
(+)-Bicyclogermacrene is a strained bicyclic and common sesquiterpene found in several essential oils. A short and good yielding synthesis of bicyclogermacrene proceeding in seven steps is reported. This terpene is used as key platform intermediate for a biomimetic access to several aromadendrene sesquiterpenoids, such as ledene, viridiflorol, palestrol, and spathulenol. Furthermore, bicyclogermacrene is shown to be the terpene component in the synthesis of the meroterpenoids psiguadial A, C, and D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc N Tran
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, EPFL SB ISIC LCSA, BCH 4305, 1015 Lausanne (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 21-693-9700
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23
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Hullaert J, Laplace DR, Winne JM. A Three-Step Synthesis of the Guaianolide Ring System. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Fürstner A. From understanding to prediction: gold- and platinum-based π-acid catalysis for target oriented synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:925-38. [PMID: 24279341 DOI: 10.1021/ar4001789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
During the last century, conceptual advances in organometallic chemistry were often rapidly embraced by target oriented synthesis. Feedback provided by such preparative scrutiny has greatly benefitted method development; particularly prominent are examples from the entire cross coupling arena, as well as olefin metathesis. Seen against this backdrop, it is somewhat surprising that the explosive growth of research into π-acid catalysis has not yet yielded a matching number of implementations into the synthesis of structurally complex targets of biological significance. In contrast to the massive output of methodological and mechanistic investigations, few studies illustrate the strategic use of gold, silver, or platinum catalysis in late stages of such multistep endeavors. These elaborate and highly precious compounds demand utmost confidence in the reliability and robustness of the method to be applied. In this Account, we analyze the possible reasons for this imbalance, after a short summary of the conceptual basis of carbophilic activation of π-bonds with the aid of soft transition metal cations or complexes. We pinpoint mechanistic subtleties, which, at least in part, produce a great deal of structural diversity but can jeopardize predictive power. With the advances in the understanding of π-acid catalyzed processes in general, however, this uncertainty is gradually vanishing and the entire field is transitioning from comprehension to prediction. This is expected to foster advanced applications, while recent progress in asymmetric gold catalysis further improves the preparative significance. The presented work in this Account illustrates our own commitment to the field as well as our growing confidence in the maturity of platinum and gold catalysis. The carbophilic activation of π-bonds, particularly of alkynes, provides a method to manipulate functional groups that is orthogonal to traditional carbonyl chemistry. We illustrate this notion by presenting a new approach to hydroxypyrone derivatives that has enabled the total synthesis of the fragile polyunsaturated cyclophane derivative neurymenolide A. The synthesis of the pyrrole alkaloid streptorubin by an enyne cycloisomerization is equally instructive. In addition, different manifestations of transannular hydroxyl addition reactions across alkyne partners mark the late stages of our conquests of amphidinolide F, polycavernoside A, and spirastrellolide F. Together with a few model studies and a personal selection of recent highlights from other groups, these examples augur well for future applications of π-acid catalysts in the realm of target oriented synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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Duplan V, Serba C, Garcia J, Valot G, Barluenga S, Hoerlé M, Cuendet M, Winssinger N. Synthesis of sesquiterpene-inspired derivatives designed for covalent binding and their inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:370-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob42049c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Abstract
This review covers the isolation, structural determination, synthesis and chemical and microbiological transformations of natural sesquiterpenoids. The literature from January to December 2012 is reviewed, and 471 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Fraga
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, CSIC, 38206-La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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Anagnostaki EE, Zografos AL. Non-natural Elemane as the “Stepping Stone” for the Synthesis of Germacrane and Guaiane Sesquiterpenes. Org Lett 2012; 15:152-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3031999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elissavet E. Anagnostaki
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros L. Zografos
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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28
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Hits, leads and drugs against malaria through diversity-oriented synthesis. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:2279-94. [PMID: 23234551 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a devastating infectious disease and approximately half the world’s population is at risk. Since vaccination is not yet available, small-molecule-based medicines are currently the best option for the treatment of patients suffering from malaria and combating the spread of infection. Development of resistance against existing drugs has created a need for new types of small molecules to be screened against Plasmodium falciparum, the etiological agent of malaria. The advent of diversity-oriented synthesis has enabled access to novel chemical structures. Evaluation of diversity-oriented synthesis compounds in phenotypic assays for growth inhibition of P. falciparum has resulted in novel hits, leads and even investigational drugs against malaria.
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Foo K, Usui I, Götz DCG, Werner EW, Holte D, Baran PS. Scalable, enantioselective synthesis of germacrenes and related sesquiterpenes inspired by terpene cyclase phase logic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:11491-5. [PMID: 23065776 PMCID: PMC3628789 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel C. G. Götz
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10650 North Torrey Pines Road,
La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA)
| | - Erik W. Werner
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10650 North Torrey Pines Road,
La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA)
| | - Dane Holte
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10650 North Torrey Pines Road,
La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA)
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute 10650 North Torrey Pines Road,
La Jolla, CA, 92037 (USA)
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30
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Foo K, Usui I, Götz DCG, Werner EW, Holte D, Baran PS. Scalable, Enantioselective Synthesis of Germacrenes and Related Sesquiterpenes Inspired by Terpene Cyclase Phase Logic. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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