1
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Montagnon C, Bultel JR, Besnard C, Guénée L, Lacour J. Polycyclic Pyrazolidines by Tandem Diazomalonate Dipolar Cycloadditions and CpRu-Catalyzed Carbene Additions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401522. [PMID: 38726887 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Thanks to the ability of diazo derivatives to react either as 1,3-dipoles and as carbenes after dinitrogen extrusion, combinations of oxa or aza benzonorbornadienes and diazomalonates afford polycyclic pyrazolidines via a three-step sequence of (i) a highly diastereoselective [3+2]-cycloaddition, (ii) a CpRu-catalyzed carbene addition, and (iii) a second dipolar cycloaddition. Of importance, step (II) represents a unique access to novel bench-stable N,N-cyclic azomethine imines, which behave as effective 1,3-dipoles in combination with electron-poor dipolarophiles. Each step proceeds efficiently and the 3-step process can be performed in one-pot to yield a polycyclic pyrazolidine in excellent overall yield (90 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Montagnon
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Joël R Bultel
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211, Geneva 4, Switzerland
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2
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Peil S, Gutiérrez González A, Leutzsch M, Fürstner A. C-H Insertion via Ruthenium Catalyzed gem-Hydrogenation of 1,3-Enynes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:4158-4167. [PMID: 35170941 PMCID: PMC8915261 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c13446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
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gem-Hydrogenation of an internal alkyne with the
aid of [Cp*RuCl]4 as the precatalyst is a highly unorthodox
transformation, in which one C atom of the triple bond is transformed
into a methylene group, whereas the second C atom gets converted into
a ruthenium carbene. In the case of 1,3-enynes bearing a propargylic
steering substituent as the substrates, the reaction occurs regioselectively,
giving rise to vinyl carbene complexes that adopt interconverting
η1/η3-binding modes in solution;
a prototypical example of such a reactive intermediate was characterized
in detail by spectroscopic means. Although both forms are similarly
stable, only the η3-vinyl carbene proved kinetically
competent to insert into primary, secondary, or tertiary C–H
bonds on the steering group itself or another suitably placed ether,
acetal, orthoester, or (sulfon)amide substituent. The ensuing net
hydrogenative C–H insertion reaction is highly enabling in
that it gives ready access to spirocyclic as well as bridged ring
systems of immediate relevance as building blocks for medicinal chemistry.
Moreover, the reaction scales well and lends itself to the formation
of partly or fully deuterated isotopologues. Labeling experiments
in combination with PHIP NMR spectroscopy (PHIP = parahydrogen induced
polarization) confirmed that the reactions are indeed triggered by gem-hydrogenation, whereas kinetic data provided valuable
insights into the very nature of the turnover-limiting transition
state of the actual C–H insertion step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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3
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Biberger T, Hess SN, Leutzsch M, Fürstner A. Hydrogenative Cycloisomerization and Sigmatropic Rearrangement Reactions of Cationic Ruthenium Carbenes Formed by Catalytic Alkyne gem-Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113827. [PMID: 34911159 PMCID: PMC9306539 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
gem-Hydrogenation of propargyl alcohol derivatives with [CpX Ru(MeCN)3 ]PF6 (CpX =substituted cyclopentadienyl) as catalysts affords cationic pianostool ruthenium carbene complexes which are so electrophilic that they attack a tethered olefin to furnish cyclopentene products; cyclopropanation or metathesis do not compete with this novel transformation. If the transient carbenes carry appropriate propargylic substituents, however, they engage in ([2,3]-sigmatropic) rearrangements to give enol esters (carbonates, carbamates, sulfonates) or alkenyl halides. Both pathways are unprecedented in the vast hydrogenation literature. The proposed mechanistic scenarios are in line with labeling experiments and spectroscopic data; most notably, PHIP NMR spectroscopy (PHIP=parahydrogen induced polarization) provides compelling evidence that the reactions are indeed triggered by highly unorthodox gem-hydrogenation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung45470Mülheim/RuhrGermany
| | - Stephan N. Hess
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung45470Mülheim/RuhrGermany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung45470Mülheim/RuhrGermany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung45470Mülheim/RuhrGermany
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4
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Biberger T, Hess SN, Leutzsch M, Fürstner A. Hydrogenative Cycloisomerization and Sigmatropic Rearrangement Reactions of Cationic Ruthenium Carbenes Formed by Catalytic Alkyne
gem
‐Hydrogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Stephan N. Hess
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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5
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Wang YN, Wang X, Li SJ, Lan Y. Carbene-enabled ether activation through the formation of oxonium: a theoretical view. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01730f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report a theoretical investigation of the reactivity and chemoselectivity of carbene-enabled ether activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Wang
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jun Li
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lan
- College of Chemistry, and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, P. R. China
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6
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Hu R, Chen J, Wang Z, Shang D, Yu L, Chan PWH, Rao W. THF-Enabled PtBr 2-Catalyzed Desymmetric Hydrogenative [3 + 2] Cycloaddition of 2-Alkynylbenzaldehyde-Tethered Cyclohexadienones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00593j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A THF-enabled PtBr2-catalyzed desymmetric hydrogenative [3 + 2] cycloaddition of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde-tethered cyclohexadienones has been developed. The protocol provides a highly functionalized 6-7-6 polycyclic skeleton with four contiguous stereocenters in good...
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7
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Viñas-Lóbez J, Levitre G, de Aguirre A, Besnard C, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Lacour J. Enabling Cyclization Strategies through Carbonyl-Ylide-Mediated Synthesis of Malonate Enol Ethers. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2021; 1:11-17. [PMID: 36855638 PMCID: PMC9954264 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Malonate enol ethers are afforded in one step by condensation of cyclic ketones with α-diazomalonates under [CpRu(CH3CN)3][BArF] catalysis. The dual reactivity of these 2-vinyloxymalonates can be used to expand the classical range of cyclizations derived from carbonyl ylide intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Viñas-Lóbez
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume Levitre
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Adiran de Aguirre
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Amalia I. Poblador-Bahamonde
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department
of Organic Chemistry and Laboratoire de Cristallographie, University of Geneva, Geneva CH-1211, Switzerland
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8
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Naikwadi DR, Bankar BD, Ravi K, Biradar AV. Efficient and recyclable solid acid-catalyzed alkylation of active methylene compound via oxonium intermediate for atom economical synthesis of organic compounds. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04499-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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9
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Dong Y, Wrobel AT, Porter GJ, Kim JJ, Essman JZ, Zheng SL, Betley TA. O-Heterocycle Synthesis via Intramolecular C-H Alkoxylation Catalyzed by Iron Acetylacetonate. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7480-7489. [PMID: 33949855 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular alkoxylation of C-H bonds can rapidly introduce structural and functional group complexities into seemingly simple or inert precursors. The transformation is particularly important due to the ubiquitous presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) motifs as fundamental building blocks in a wide range of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and natural products. Despite the various synthetic methodologies known for generating functionalized THFs, most show limited functional group tolerance and lack demonstration for the preparation of spiro or fused bi- and tricyclic ether units prevalent in molecules for pharmacological purposes. Herein we report an intramolecular C-H alkoxylation to furnish oxacycles from easily prepared α-diazo-β-ketoesters using commercially available iron acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)2) as a catalyst. The reaction is proposed to proceed through the formation of a vinylic carboradical arising from N2 extrusion, which mediates a proximal H-atom abstraction followed by a rapid C-O bond forming radical recombination step. The radical mechanism is probed using an isotopic labeling study (vinyl C-D incorporation), ring opening of a radical clock substrate, and Hammett analysis and is further corroborated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Heightened reactivity is observed for electron-rich C-H bonds (tertiary, ethereal), while greater catalyst loadings or elevated reaction temperatures are required to fully convert substrates with benzylic, secondary, and primary C-H bonds. The transformation is highly functional group tolerant and operates under mild reaction conditions to provide rapid access to complex structures such as spiro and fused bi-/tricyclic O-heterocycles from readily available precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Alexandra T Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Gerard J Porter
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jessica J Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Jake Z Essman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Shao-Liang Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Theodore A Betley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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10
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Dar'in D, Kantin G, Bakulina O, Inyutina A, Chupakhin E, Krasavin M. Spirocyclizations Involving Oxonium Ylides Derived from Cyclic α-Diazocarbonyl Compounds: An Entry into 6-Oxa-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane Scaffold. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15586-15599. [PMID: 33226243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
New types of cyclic diazo compounds capable of Rh(II)-catalyzed spirocyclizations with tetrahydrofuran have been discovered. The formation of the spirocyclic framework is thought to proceed via the formation of Rh(II) carbene species followed by interaction with the Lewis basic oxygen atom of tetrahydrofuran to give oxonium ylide species. The latter evolves predominantly via the Stevens type rearrangement leading to an [n + 1] ring expansion of the tetrahydrofuran moiety, which results in the formation of a medicinally relevant 6-oxa-2-azaspiro[4.5]decane scaffold. The spirocyclization process was often observed in competition with mechanistically distinct C-H insertion into a tetrahydrofuran molecule. This competing process gave compounds based on the 3-(tetrahydrofur-2-yl)pyrrolidine scaffold, which are also relevant from the medicinal chemistry standpoint. These findings enrich the available arsenal of metal-catalyzed spirocyclization methods based on the use of cyclic diazo compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Dar'in
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Grigory Kantin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Olga Bakulina
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Anna Inyutina
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny Chupakhin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.,Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041 Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail Krasavin
- Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034 Russian Federation.,Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad 236041 Russian Federation
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11
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Achard T, Egger L, Tortoreto C, Guénée L, Lacour J. Preparation and Structural Characterization of [CpRu(1,10‐phenanthroline)(CH
3
CN)][X] and Precursor Complexes (X=PF
6
, BAr
F
, TRISPHAT‐N). Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Achard
- Département de Chimie Organique Université de Genève Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 H-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Léo Egger
- Département de Chimie Organique Université de Genève Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 H-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Cecilia Tortoreto
- Département de Chimie Organique Université de Genève Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 H-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie Université de Genève Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 CH-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Département de Chimie Organique Université de Genève Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 H-1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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12
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Peil S, Bistoni G, Goddard R, Fürstner A. Hydrogenative Metathesis of Enynes via Piano-Stool Ruthenium Carbene Complexes Formed by Alkyne gem-Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18541-18553. [PMID: 33073575 PMCID: PMC7596760 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The only recently discovered gem-hydrogenation of internal alkynes is a fundamentally new transformation, in which both H atoms of dihydrogen are transferred to the same C atom of a triple bond while the other position transforms into a discrete metal carbene complex. [Cp*RuCl]4 is presently the catalyst of choice: the resulting piano-stool ruthenium carbenes can engage a tethered alkene into either cyclopropanation or metathesis, and a prototypical example of such a reactive intermediate with an olefin ligated to the ruthenium center has been isolated and characterized by X-ray diffraction. It is the substitution pattern of the olefin that determines whether metathesis or cyclopropanation takes place: a systematic survey using alkenes of largely different character in combination with a computational study of the mechanism at the local coupled cluster level of theory allowed the preparative results to be sorted and an intuitive model with predictive power to be proposed. This model links the course of the reaction to the polarization of the double bond as well as to the stability of the secondary carbene complex formed, if metathesis were to take place. The first application of "hydrogenative metathesis" to the total synthesis of sinularones E and F concurred with this interpretation and allowed the proposed structure of these marine natural products to be confirmed. During this synthesis, it was found that gem-hydrogenation also provides opportunities for C-H functionalization. Moreover, silylated alkynes are shown to participate well in hydrogenative metathesis, which opens a new entry into valuable allylsilane building blocks. Crystallographic evidence suggests that the polarized [Ru-Cl] bond of the catalyst interacts with the neighboring R3Si group. Since attractive interligand Cl/R3Si contacts had already previously been invoked to explain the outcome of various ruthenium-catalyzed reactions, including trans-hydrosilylation, the experimental confirmation provided herein has implications beyond the present case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Giovanni Bistoni
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für
Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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13
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Homberg A, Lacour J. From reactive carbenes to chiral polyether macrocycles in two steps - synthesis and applications made easy? Chem Sci 2020; 11:6362-6369. [PMID: 34094103 PMCID: PMC8152409 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01011a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chiral polyether macrocycles are versatile molecules. For their preparation, original two-step procedures were recently developed and present the advantages of high concentration conditions and simple starting reagents (stable diazo reagents, small cyclic ethers, aliphatic or aromatic amines). Enantiopure materials are readily afforded by CSP-HPLC on a semi-preparative scale. Flexibility and adaptability in the macrocyclic design are provided by a large selection of amines to choose from while the ring size and chemical nature are controlled by the choice of 5 to 7-membered cyclic ether precursors. Such macrocycles have already been used as asymmetric catalysts, mono and ditopic receptors, fluorescent sensors and probes, and chiroptical reversible switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Homberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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14
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Biberger T, Gordon CP, Leutzsch M, Peil S, Guthertz A, Copéret C, Fürstner A. Alkyne
gem
‐Hydrogenation: Formation of Pianostool Ruthenium Carbene Complexes and Analysis of Their Chemical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8845-8850. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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15
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Peil S, Guthertz A, Biberger T, Fürstner A. Hydrogenative Cyclopropanation and Hydrogenative Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:8851-8856. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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16
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Biberger T, Gordon CP, Leutzsch M, Peil S, Guthertz A, Copéret C, Fürstner A. Alkyne
gem
‐Hydrogenation: Formation of Pianostool Ruthenium Carbene Complexes and Analysis of Their Chemical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Christopher P. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied BiosciencesETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1–5 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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17
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Peil S, Guthertz A, Biberger T, Fürstner A. Hydrogenative Cyclopropanation and Hydrogenative Metathesis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Peil
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | | | - Tobias Biberger
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr Germany
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18
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Homberg A, Poggiali D, Vishe M, Besnard C, Guénée L, Lacour J. One-Step Synthesis of Diaza Macrocycles by Rh(II)-Catalyzed [3 + 6 + 3 + 6] Condensations of Morpholines and α-Diazo-β-ketoesters. Org Lett 2019; 21:687-691. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Homberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Daniele Poggiali
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Mahesh Vishe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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19
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Fürstner A. trans-Hydrogenation, gem-Hydrogenation, and trans-Hydrometalation of Alkynes: An Interim Report on an Unorthodox Reactivity Paradigm. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:11-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, D-45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany
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20
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Abstract
Treating PCl5 with C12H8Li2, generated from either C12H10, C12H8Br2, or C12H8I2, affords three products in different ratios depending on the source of the lithiated biphenyl. Hellwinkel’s salt [P(C12H8)2][P(C12H8)3] ([1][2]) and another product [P(C12H8)(C24H16)][P(C12H8)3] ([1′][2]) were obtained by reacting PCl5 with 2,2′-dilithiobiphenyl [Route A: 2.5 equiv.; obtained from biphenyl, n-BuLi, and TMEDA; Route B: 3.0 equiv.; obtained from 2,2′-diiodobiphenyl and n-BuLi; Route C: 4.0 equiv.; obtained from 2,2′-dibromobiphenyl and n-BuLi]. The synthesis, isolation, and characterization of the chiral spiro-compound [1′][2] and the characterization of the pentavalent phosphorane [P(C12H8)2(C12H9)] (3) are reported. The complex [1′][2] was characterized by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and mass spectrometry. The pentavalent compound (3) was characterized by 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatera Hazin
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
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21
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Guthertz A, Leutzsch M, Wolf LM, Gupta P, Rummelt SM, Goddard R, Farès C, Thiel W, Fürstner A. Half-Sandwich Ruthenium Carbene Complexes Link trans-Hydrogenation and gem-Hydrogenation of Internal Alkynes. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3156-3169. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Leutzsch
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Lawrence M. Wolf
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Puneet Gupta
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | | | - Richard Goddard
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Christophe Farès
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Walter Thiel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
| | - Alois Fürstner
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim/Ruhr 45470, Germany
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22
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Unhale RA, Sadhu MM, Ray SK, Biswas RG, Singh VK. A chiral Brønsted acid-catalyzed highly enantioselective Mannich-type reaction of α-diazo esters with in situ generated N-acyl ketimines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3516-3519. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01436a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich-type reaction of α-diazo esters with in situ generated N-acyl ketimines, derived from 3-aryl-3-hydroxyisoindolinones has been demonstrated. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajshekhar A. Unhale
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Milon M. Sadhu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Sumit K. Ray
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Rayhan G. Biswas
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
| | - Vinod K. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
- Bhopal
- India
- Department of Chemistry
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23
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Egger L, Guénée L, Bürgi T, Lacour J. Regioselective and Enantiospecific Synthesis of Dioxepines by (Cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium-Catalyzed Condensations of Diazocarbonyls and Oxetanes. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Léo Egger
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory of Crystallography; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bürgi
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry; University of Geneva; Quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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24
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Hazin K, Serin SC, Patrick BO, Ezhova MB, Gates DP. [HL2][P(1,2-O2C6Cl4)3] (L = THF, DMF): Brønsted acid initiators for the polymerization of n-butyl vinyl ether and p-methoxystyrene. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5901-5910. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04820j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid, weighable Brønsted acids featuring the hexacoordinated phosphorous(v) anion [TRISPHAT]− are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatera Hazin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Spencer C. Serin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Maria B. Ezhova
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
| | - Derek P. Gates
- Department of Chemistry
- University of British Columbia
- Vancouver
- Canada
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25
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Goudedranche S, Besnard C, Egger L, Lacour J. Synthesis of Pyrrolidines and Pyrrolizidines with α-Pseudoquaternary Centers by Copper-Catalyzed Condensation of α-Diazodicarbonyl Compounds and Aryl γ-Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201607574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Goudedranche
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Léo Egger
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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26
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Goudedranche S, Besnard C, Egger L, Lacour J. Synthesis of Pyrrolidines and Pyrrolizidines with α-Pseudoquaternary Centers by Copper-Catalyzed Condensation of α-Diazodicarbonyl Compounds and Aryl γ-Lactams. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13775-13779. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Goudedranche
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Céline Besnard
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 24 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Léo Egger
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Département de Chimie Organique; Université de Genève; quai Ernest Ansermet 30 1211 Geneva 4 Switzerland
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27
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Poggiali D, Homberg A, Lathion T, Piguet C, Lacour J. Kinetics of Rh(II)-Catalyzed α-Diazo-β-ketoester Decomposition and Application to the [3+6+3+6] Synthesis of Macrocycles on a Large Scale and at Low Catalyst Loadings. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Poggiali
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest
Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Homberg
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest
Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Timothée Lathion
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest
Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Claude Piguet
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest
Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic
and Analytical Chemistry, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest
Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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28
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Tortoreto C, Achard T, Egger L, Guénée L, Lacour J. Synthesis of Spiro Ketals, Orthoesters, and Orthocarbonates by CpRu-Catalyzed Decomposition of α-Diazo-β-ketoesters. Org Lett 2015; 18:240-3. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Tortoreto
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Achard
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Léo Egger
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guénée
- Laboratory
of Crystallography, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 24, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Lacour
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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29
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Chen L, Yang J, Li L, Weng Z, Kang Q. Cobalt-catalyzed direct C–C bond formation between tetrahydrofuran and alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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30
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Pan C, Han J, ChengJian Z. Tandem dual C(sp3)-H/C(sp2)-H functionalization: a radical cyclization of 2-isocyanobiphenyl with ether to 6-alkylated phenanthridine. Sci China Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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32
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Achard T, Tortoreto C, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Guénée L, Bürgi T, Lacour J. [CpRu]-Catalyzed Carbene Insertions into Epoxides: 1,4-Dioxene Synthesis through SN1-Like Chemistry with Retention of Configuration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6140-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Achard T, Tortoreto C, Poblador-Bahamonde AI, Guénée L, Bürgi T, Lacour J. [CpRu]-Catalyzed Carbene Insertions into Epoxides: 1,4-Dioxene Synthesis through SN1-Like Chemistry with Retention of Configuration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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34
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He R, Jin X, Chen H, Huang ZT, Zheng QY, Wang C. Mn-Catalyzed Three-Component Reactions of Imines/Nitriles, Grignard Reagents, and Tetrahydrofuran: An Expedient Access to 1,5-Amino/Keto Alcohols. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6558-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ja503520t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu He
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiqing Jin
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhi-Tang Huang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zheng
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Congyang Wang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory
of Molecular Recognition and Function, and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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35
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Ma B, Chen FL, Xu XY, Zhang YN, Hu LH. α-Diazo β-Keto Ester as Precursor to Aromatic CH Insertion and Wolff Rearrangement with Different Directing Groups. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Vishe M, Hrdina R, Guénée L, Besnard C, Lacour J. One-Pot Multi-Component Synthesis and Solid State Structures of Functionally Rich Polyether Macrocycles. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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37
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Siu PW, Hazin K, Gates DP. H(OEt2)2[P(1,2-O2C6Cl4)3]: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application as a Single-Component Initiator for the Carbocationic Polymerization of Olefins. Chemistry 2013; 19:9005-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Yeung KS, Peng XS, Wu J, Fan R, Hou XL. Five-Membered Ring Systems. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-099406-2.00008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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