1
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García de la Concepción J, Flores-Jiménez M, Cuccia LA, Light ME, Viedma C, Cintas P. Revisiting Homochiral versus Heterochiral Interactions through a Long Detective Story of a Useful Azobis-Nitrile and Puzzling Racemate. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2023; 23:5719-5733. [PMID: 37547876 PMCID: PMC10402293 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c00372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper documents and reinvestigates the solid-state and crystal structures of 4,4'-azobis-4-cyanopentanoic acid (ACPA), a water-soluble azobis-nitrile of immense utility as a radical initiator in living polymerizations and a labile mechanophore that can be embedded within long polymer chains to undergo selective scission under mechanical activation. Surprisingly, for such applications, both the commercially available reagent and their derivatives are used as "single initiators" when this azonitrile is actually a mixture of stereoisomers. Although the racemate and meso compounds were identified more than half a century ago and their enantiomers were separated by classical resolution, there have been confusing narratives dealing with their characterization, the existence of a conglomeratic phase, and fractional crystallization. Our results report on the X-ray crystal structures of all stereoisomers for the first time, along with further details on enantiodiscrimination and the always intriguing arguments accounting for the stability of homochiral versus heterochiral crystal aggregates. To this end, metadynamic (MTD) simulations on stereoisomer molecular aggregates were performed to capture the incipient nucleation events at the picosecond time scale. This analysis sheds light on the driving homochiral aggregation of ACPA enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan García de la Concepción
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and IACYS-Green
Chemistry and Sustainable Development Unit, University of Extremadura, E-06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Mirian Flores-Jiménez
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and IACYS-Green
Chemistry and Sustainable Development Unit, University of Extremadura, E-06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Louis A. Cuccia
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia
University, 7141 Sherbrooke
Street West, H4B 1R6 Montreal, Canada
| | - Mark E. Light
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.
| | - Cristóbal Viedma
- Department
of Crystallography and Mineralogy, University
Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Department
of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, and IACYS-Green
Chemistry and Sustainable Development Unit, University of Extremadura, E-06006 Badajoz, Spain
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2
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van Dongen SW, Baglai I, Leeman M, Kellogg RM, Kaptein B, Noorduin WL. Rapid deracemization through solvent cycling: proof-of-concept using a racemizable conglomerate clopidogrel precursor. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3838-3841. [PMID: 36825774 PMCID: PMC10043878 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a conglomerate-forming clopidogrel precursor undergoing solution phase racemization can be deracemized through cyclic solvent removal and re-addition. We establish that the combination of slow growth and fast dissolution of crystals is ideal for rapid deracemization, which we achieve by repurposing a Soxhlet apparatus to realize the slow removal and fast re-addition of solvent autonomously.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iaroslav Baglai
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands.
| | - Michel Leeman
- Symeres, Kadijk 3, Groningen 9747 AT, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bernard Kaptein
- InnoSyn BV, Urmonderbaan 22, Geleen 6167 RD, The Netherlands
| | - Willem L Noorduin
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, Amsterdam 1098 XG, The Netherlands. .,Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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van Dongen S, Ahlal I, Leeman M, Kaptein B, Kellogg RM, Baglai I, Noorduin WL. Chiral Amplification through the Interplay of Racemizing Conditions and Asymmetric Crystal Growth. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 145:436-442. [PMID: 36534614 PMCID: PMC9837840 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of enantiomeric excesses (ee) is routinely observed during chiral crystallization of conglomerate crystals for which the enantiomers undergo racemization in solution. Although routes comprising a combination of crystal growth and dissolution are frequently used to obtain enantiopure molecules, crystal growth by itself has rather been considered as a source of enantiomeric erosion and discounted as a potential source of enantiomeric amplification. Counterintuitively, we here demonstrate striking enantiomeric amplification during crystal growth for clopidogrel and tert-leucine precursors. Based on a mechanistic framework, we identify that the interplay between racemization and crystal growth rates elicits this surprising effect. The asymmetric amplification of the solid-phase ee can be enhanced by increasing the mass of grown material relative to the product such that small amounts of seeds of only 60% ee already result in virtually exclusive growth of the majority phase. These results impact our understanding of asymmetric amplification mechanisms during crystallization and offer a tangible basis for practical production of enantiopure molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imane Ahlal
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XGAmsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Leeman
- Symeres, Kadijk 3, 9747 ATGroningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Iaroslav Baglai
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XGAmsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Willem L. Noorduin
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XGAmsterdam, The Netherlands,Van
‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XHAmsterdam, The Netherlands,
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4
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Walsh MP, Barclay JA, Begg CS, Xuan J, Johnson NT, Cole JC, Kitching MO. Identifying a Hidden Conglomerate Chiral Pool in the CSD. JACS AU 2022; 2:2235-2250. [PMID: 36311827 PMCID: PMC9597607 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conglomerate crystallization is the spontaneous generation of individually enantioenriched crystals from a nonenantioenriched material. This behavior is responsible for spontaneous resolution and the discovery of molecular chirality by Pasteur. The phenomenon of conglomerate crystallization of chiral organic molecules has been left largely undocumented, with no actively curated list available in the literature. While other crystallographic behaviors can be interrogated by automated searching, conglomerate crystallizations are not identified within the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) and are therefore not accessible by conventional automated searching. By conducting a manual search of the CSD and literature, a list of over 1800 chiral species capable of conglomerate crystallization was curated by inspection of the racemic synthetic routes described in each publication. The majority of chiral conglomerate crystals are produced and published by synthetic chemists who seldom note and rarely exploit the implications this phenomenon can have on the enantiopurity of their crystalline materials. With their structures revealed, we propose that this list of compounds represents a new chiral pool which is not tied to biological sources of chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P. Walsh
- Department
of Chemistry Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, DurhamDH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - James A. Barclay
- Department
of Chemistry Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, DurhamDH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Callum S. Begg
- Department
of Chemistry Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, DurhamDH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Jinyi Xuan
- Department
of Chemistry Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, DurhamDH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
| | - Natalie T. Johnson
- Cambridge
Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, CambridgeCB2 1EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason C. Cole
- Cambridge
Crystallographic Data Centre, 12 Union Road, CambridgeCB2 1EZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew O. Kitching
- Department
of Chemistry Durham University, Lower Mount Joy, South Rd, DurhamDH1 3LE, United
Kingdom
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5
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Bhandari S, Carneiro T, Lorenz H, Seidel-Morgenstern A. Shortcut Model for Batch Preferential Crystallization Coupled with Racemization for Conglomerate-Forming Chiral Systems. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2022; 22:4094-4104. [PMID: 35818384 PMCID: PMC9264349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.1c01473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Kinetically controlled preferential crystallization (PC) is a well-established elegant concept to separate mixtures of enantiomers of conglomerate-forming systems. Based on a smaller number of laboratory investigations, the key parameters of an available shortcut model (SCM) can be estimated, allowing for a rapid and reliable process design. This paper addresses a severe limitation of the method, namely, the limitation of the yield to 50%. In order to exploit the valuable counter enantiomer, the crystallization process is studied, coupled with a racemization reaction and a recycling step. It will be shown that the process integration can be performed in various ways. To quantify the different options in a unified manner and to provide a more general design concept, the SCM of PC is extended to include a kinetic model for the enzymatically catalyzed reaction. For illustration, model parameters are used, which characterize the resolution of the enantiomers of asparagine monohydrate and the racemization rate using an amino acid racemase. The theoretical study highlights the importance of exploiting the best stop time for batch operations in order to achieve the highest process productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Bhandari
- Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thiane Carneiro
- Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Heike Lorenz
- Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Seidel-Morgenstern
- Max
Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto
von Guericke University Magdeburg, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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6
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Ma T, Hua J, Bian M, Qin H, Lin X, Yang X, Liu C, Yang Z, Fang Z, Guo K. Visible light-promoted aerobic oxidative cleavage and cyclization of olefins to access 3-hydroxy-isoindolinones. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01087e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An environmentally friendly synthetic approach is described from 2-vinylbenzamide to 3-hydroxy-isoindolinones through visible light-promoted transformations via iron/disulfide catalysis and molecular oxygen oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Ma
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiawei Hua
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mixue Bian
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Hong Qin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xinxin Lin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Biology and Medicine Department, Jiangsu industrial technology research institute, Nanjing 210031, P.R. China
| | - Chengkou Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Guo
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 Puzhu Rd S., Nanjing 211816, China
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7
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Sakamoto M, Uemura N, Saito R, Shimobayashi H, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Omatsu T. Chirogenesis and Amplification of Molecular Chirality Using Optical Vortices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12819-12823. [PMID: 33783074 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The study of chirogenesis of organic molecules is important to elucidate the origin of the homochirality of biomolecules on Earth. Here, we have accomplished chiral symmetry breaking from a racemate using optical vortices with orbital angular momentum and a helical wavefront. We propose a new methodology of asymmetric transformation by the combination of enantioselective crystal nucleation by irradiation with optical vortices and crystallization-induced dynamic optical resolution of conglomerate crystals. Chiral green vortices generated using a spiral phase plate (SPP) with a 532 nm CW-laser were used to irradiate a supersaturated solution of a racemic isoindolinone, leading to crystal nucleation. The handedness of the crystals were controlled by the winding direction of the chiral optical vortices. The molecular chirality of the isoindolinone was then amplified by dynamic crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Rei Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Haruna Shimobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashige Omatsu
- Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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8
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Sakamoto M, Uemura N, Saito R, Shimobayashi H, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Omatsu T. Chirogenesis and Amplification of Molecular Chirality Using Optical Vortices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Rei Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Haruna Shimobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashige Omatsu
- Molecular Chirality Research Center Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Integration Science Chiba University Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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9
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Nighot D, Jain AK, Singh M, Rawat V. A Convenient 5-exo-dig Cyclization Route to Diastereomerically Pure Methyl (2S)-2-(1-benzyl-3-oxo-1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-3-methylbutanoate. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02825-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Absolute Asymmetric Synthesis Involving Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Diels–Alder Reaction. Symmetry (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/sym12060910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient generation and amplification of chirality from prochiral substrates in the Diels–Alder reaction (DA reaction) followed by dynamic crystallization were achieved without using an external chiral source. Since the DA reaction of 2-methylfuran and various maleimides proceeds reversibly, an exo-adduct was obtained as the main product as the reaction proceeded. From single crystal X-ray structure analysis, it was found that five of ten exo-adducts gave conglomerates. When 2-methylfuran and various maleimides with a catalytic amount of TFA were reacted in a sealed tube, the exo-DA adducts were precipitated from the solution, while the reaction mixtures were continuously ground and stirred using glass beads. Deracemization occurred and chiral amplification was observed for four of the substrates. Each final enantiomeric purity was influenced by the crystal structure, and when enantiomers were included in the disorder, they reached an enantiomeric purity reflecting the ratio of the disorder. The final ee value of the 3,5-dimethylphenyl derivative after chiral amplification was 98% ee.
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11
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12
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Cameli F, Ter Horst JH, Steendam RRE, Xiouras C, Stefanidis GD. On the Effect of Secondary Nucleation on Deracemization through Temperature Cycles. Chemistry 2020; 26:1344-1354. [PMID: 31749171 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the pivotal role of secondary nucleation in a crystallization-enhanced deracemization process is reported. During this process, complete and rapid deracemization of chiral conglomerate crystals of an isoindolinone is attained through fast microwave-assisted temperature cycling. A parametric study of the main factors that affect the occurrence of secondary nucleation in this process, namely agitation rate, suspension density, and solute supersaturation, confirms that an enhanced stereoselective secondary nucleation rate maximizes the deracemization rate. Analysis of the system during a single temperature cycle showed that, although stereoselective particle production during the crystallization stage leads to enantiomeric enrichment, undesired kinetic dissolution of smaller particles of the preferred enantiomer occurs during the dissolution step. Therefore, secondary nucleation is crucial for the enhancement of deracemization through temperature cycles and as such should be considered in further design and optimization of this process, as well as in other temperature cycling processes commonly applied in particle engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Cameli
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joop H Ter Horst
- EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in, Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallization (CMAC), Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK
| | - René R E Steendam
- Ardena, Solid State Research, Meibergdreef 31, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christos Xiouras
- Crystallization Technology Unit (CTU), Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Janssen Research & Development, Tournhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Georgios D Stefanidis
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS), Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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13
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Belletti G, Tortora C, Mellema ID, Tinnemans P, Meekes H, Rutjes FPJT, Tsogoeva SB, Vlieg E. Photoracemization-Based Viedma Ripening of a BINOL Derivative. Chemistry 2020; 26:839-844. [PMID: 31663650 PMCID: PMC7004087 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Viedma ripening is a deracemization process that has been used to deracemize a range of chiral molecules. The method has two major requirements: the compound needs to crystallize as a conglomerate and it needs to be racemizable under the crystallization conditions. Although conglomerate formation can be induced in different ways, the number of racemization methods is still rather limited. To extend the scope of Viedma ripening, in the present research we applied UV-light-induced racemization in a Viedma ripening process, and report the successful deracemization of a BINOL derivative crystallizing as a conglomerate. Irradiation by UV light activates the target compound in combination with an organic base, required to promote the excited-state proton transfer (ESPT), leading thereafter to racemization. This offers a new tool towards the development of Viedma ripening processes, by using a cheap and "green" catalytic source like UV light to racemize suitable chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Belletti
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Carola Tortora
- Chair of Organic Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Indradevi D. Mellema
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Hugo Meekes
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Floris P. J. T. Rutjes
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Svetlana B. Tsogoeva
- Chair of Organic Chemistry IDepartment of Chemistry and PharmacyFriedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-NürnbergNikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 1091058ErlangenGermany
| | - Elias Vlieg
- Radboud UniversityInstitute for Molecules and MaterialsHeyendaalseweg 1356525AJNijmegenThe Netherlands
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14
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Cameli F, Xiouras C, Stefanidis GD. High-throughput on demand access of single enantiomers by a continuous flow crystallization process. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce00366b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel continuous flow reactive crystallization process for the in situ on-demand access of single enantiomer crystals is reported and exemplified for a chiral pharmaceutical intermediate that crystallizes as a racemic conglomerate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Cameli
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Christos Xiouras
- Crystallization Technology Unit (CTU)
- Janssen Research & Development
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson
- Beerse
- Belgium
| | - Georgios D. Stefanidis
- Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems (ProcESS)
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
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15
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Matsushima M, Wada K, Horino Y, Takahara K, Sunatsuki Y, Suzuki T. Transition-metal(ii) complexes with a tripodal hexadentate ligand, 1,1,1-tris[2-aza-3-(imidazol-4-yl)prop-2-enyl]ethane, exhibiting incomplete total or absolute spontaneous resolution. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ce01864f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystal structures and solid-state CD spectra of the compounds, [M(H3L)]Cl(ClO4) (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Zn) were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Matsushima
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Koki Wada
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Yuki Horino
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Kazuma Takahara
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Yukinari Sunatsuki
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Okayama University
- Okayama 700-8530
- Japan
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science
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16
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Aiba S, Tanaka Y, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Self-Replication of Chiral α-Amino Acids in Strecker-Type Synthesis via Asymmetric Induction and Amplification of Their Own Chiral Intermediate α-Aminonitriles. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20190116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yudai Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan
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17
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Ishikawa H, Uemura N, Saito R, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Kasashima Y, Sakamoto M. Chiral Symmetry Breaking of Spiropyrans and Spirooxazines by Dynamic Enantioselective Crystallization. Chemistry 2019; 25:9758-9763. [PMID: 31063242 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic enantioselective crystallization enabled the chiral symmetry breaking of two spiropyrans and one spirooxazine. The three spiro compounds afforded racemic conglomerate crystals, and easily racemized in alcoholic solution without irradiation. Optically pure enantiomorphic crystals were obtained by vapor-diffusion crystallization or attrition-enhanced deracemization (Viedma ripening). Their absolute configurations were determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis and each enantiomorphic crystal was correlated with its solid-state circular dichroism (CD) spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Rei Saito
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasashima
- Education Center, Faculty of Creative Engineering, Chiba Institute of Technology, Shibazono, Narashino, Chiba, 275-0023, Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.,Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
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18
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Thomas SP, Grosjean A, Flematti GR, Karton A, Sobolev AN, Edwards AJ, Piltz RO, Iversen BB, Koutsantonis GA, Spackman MA. Investigation of an Unusual Crystal Habit of Hydrochlorothiazide Reveals Large Polar Enantiopure Domains and a Possible Crystal Nucleation Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10255-10259. [PMID: 31136063 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The observation of an unusual crystal habit in the common diuretic drug hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), and identification of its subtle conformational chirality, has stimulated a detailed investigation of its crystalline forms. Enantiomeric conformers of HCT resolve into an unusual structure of conjoined enantiomorphic twin crystals comprising enantiopure domains of opposite chirality. The purity of the domains and the chiral molecular conformation are confirmed by spatially revolved synchrotron micro-XRD experiments and neutron diffraction, respectively. Macroscopic inversion twin symmetry observed between the crystal wings suggests a pseudoracemic structure that is not a solid solution or a layered crystal structure, but an unusual structural variant of conglomerates and racemic twins. Computed interaction energies for molecular pairs in the racemic and enantiopure polymorphs of HCT, and the observation of large opposing unit-cell dipole moments for the enantiopure domains in these twin crystals, suggest a plausible crystal nucleation mechanism for this unusual crystal habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajesh P Thomas
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and iNano, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Arnaud Grosjean
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gavin R Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alexandre N Sobolev
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Alison J Edwards
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Ross O Piltz
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering, ANSTO, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - Bo B Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography, Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - George A Koutsantonis
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Mark A Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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19
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Thomas SP, Grosjean A, Flematti GR, Karton A, Sobolev AN, Edwards AJ, Piltz RO, Iversen BB, Koutsantonis GA, Spackman MA. Investigation of an Unusual Crystal Habit of Hydrochlorothiazide Reveals Large Polar Enantiopure Domains and a Possible Crystal Nucleation Mechanism. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajesh P. Thomas
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Department of Chemistry and iNano Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | - Arnaud Grosjean
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Gavin R. Flematti
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Alexandre N. Sobolev
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Alison J. Edwards
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering ANSTO Lucas Heights NSW 2234 Australia
| | - Ross O. Piltz
- Australian Centre for Neutron Scattering ANSTO Lucas Heights NSW 2234 Australia
| | - Bo B. Iversen
- Center for Materials Crystallography Department of Chemistry Aarhus University 8000 Aarhus C Denmark
| | | | - Mark A. Spackman
- School of Molecular Sciences University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
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20
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Miyagawa S, Aiba S, Kawamoto H, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Absolute asymmetric Strecker synthesis in a mixed aqueous medium: reliable access to enantioenriched α-aminonitrile. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1238-1244. [PMID: 30656321 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03092h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Without using chiral sources, the Strecker reaction of achiral hydrogen cyanide, p-tolualdehyde and benzhydrylamine gave enantioenriched l- or d-N-benzhydryl-α-(p-tolyl)glycine nitriles with up to >99% ee in a mixed solvent of water and methanol. Therefore, total spontaneous resolution of α-aminonitriles could occur through a prebiotic mechanism of α-amino acid synthesis. Moreover, it was demonstrated that the repetition of partial dissolution and crystallization of a suspended conglomerate of aminonitrile under solution-phase racemization could generate the enantiomeric imbalance to afford, in combination with the amplification of chirality, an enantioenriched product in every case. Among the 73 experiments that were carried out, d- and l-enriched isomers occurred 36 and 37 times, respectively. This stochastic behavior, under achiral or racemic starting conditions, meets the requirements of the spontaneous absolute asymmetric Strecker synthesis. The implications of the present results for the origin of chirality of α-amino acids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Hajime Kawamoto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan.
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21
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Ishikawa H, Uemura N, Yagishita F, Baba N, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Kasashima Y, Sakamoto M. Asymmetric Synthesis Involving Reversible Photodimerization of a Prochiral Flavonoid Followed by Crystallization. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Yagishita
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate school of Science and Technology; Tokushima University; Minami-josanjima-cho 770-8506 Tokushima Japan
| | - Nozomi Baba
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasashima
- Education Center; Faculty of Creative Engineering; Chiba Institute of Technology; Shibazono 275-0023 Narashino, Chiba Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku 263-8522 Chiba Japan
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22
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Takamatsu N, Aiba S, Yamada T, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Highly Stereoselective Strecker Synthesis Induced by a Slight Modification of Benzhydrylamine from Achiral to Chiral. Chemistry 2017; 24:1304-1310. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Takamatsu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Fukui, Bunkyo; Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Fukui, Bunkyo; Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Takuya Yamada
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Fukui, Bunkyo; Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; University of Fukui, Bunkyo; Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku; Tokyo 162-8601 Japan
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23
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Xiao Y, Wang HQ, Zhang H, Jiang ZQ, Wang YQ, Li H, Yin J, Zhu YY, Wu ZQ. Grafting polymerization of single-handed helical poly(phenyl isocyanide)s on graphene oxide and their application in enantioselective separation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xiao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Hui-Qing Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Jiang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Ya-Qi Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Hai Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) and Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM); Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (Nanjing Tech); 30 South Puzhu Road Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Jun Yin
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices; Hefei Anhui Province 230009 China
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24
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Sakamoto M, Shiratsuki K, Uemura N, Ishikawa H, Yoshida Y, Kasashima Y, Mino T. Asymmetric Synthesis by Using Natural Sunlight under Absolute Achiral Conditions. Chemistry 2017; 23:1717-1721. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Koh Shiratsuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasashima
- Education Center, Faculty of Engineering; Chiba Institute of Technology; Shibazono, Narashino Chiba 275-0023 Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering and Molecular Chirality Research Center; Chiba University; Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University
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26
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Miyagawa S, Yoshimura K, Yamazaki Y, Takamatsu N, Kuraishi T, Aiba S, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Asymmetric Strecker Reaction Arising from the Molecular Orientation of an Achiral Imine at the Single-Crystal Face: Enantioenriched l- and d-Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 56:1055-1058. [PMID: 28004489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Strecker synthesis has long been considered one of the prebiotic reactions for the synthesis of α-amino acids. However, the correlation between the origin of chirality and highly enantioenriched α-amino acids through this method remains a puzzle. In the reaction, it may be conceivable that the handedness of amino acids has been determined at the formation stage of the chiral intermediate α-aminonitrile, that is, the enantioselective addition of hydrogen cyanide to an imine. Herein, an enantiotopic crystal surface of an achiral imine acted as an origin of chirality for the enantioselective formation of α-aminonitriles by the addition of HCN. In conjunction with the amplification of the enantiomeric excess and multiplication of enantioenriched aminonitrile, a large amount of near enantiopure α-amino acids, with the l- and d-handedness corresponding to the molecular orientation of the imine, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Koji Yoshimura
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamazaki
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Naoya Takamatsu
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kuraishi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Materials Science, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan
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27
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Miyagawa S, Yoshimura K, Yamazaki Y, Takamatsu N, Kuraishi T, Aiba S, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Asymmetric Strecker Reaction Arising from the Molecular Orientation of an Achiral Imine at the Single-Crystal Face: Enantioenriched l
- and d
-Amino Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Miyagawa
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Koji Yoshimura
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamazaki
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Naoya Takamatsu
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kuraishi
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Yuji Tokunaga
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
| | - Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Materials Science; University of Fukui; Bunkyo Fukui 910-8507 Japan
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28
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Kaji Y, Uemura N, Kasashima Y, Ishikawa H, Yoshida Y, Mino T, Sakamoto M. Asymmetric Synthesis of an Amino Acid Derivative from Achiral Aroyl Acrylamide by Reversible Michael Addition and Preferential Crystallization. Chemistry 2016; 22:16429-16432. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kaji
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Naohiro Uemura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yoshio Kasashima
- Education Center; Faculty of Engineering; Chiba Institute of Technology, Shibazono; Narashino, Chiba 275-0023 Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Yasushi Yoshida
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
| | - Masami Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; Chiba University, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku; Chiba 263-8522 Japan
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29
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Yang L, Tang Y, Liu N, Liu CH, Ding Y, Wu ZQ. Facile Synthesis of Hybrid Silica Nanoparticles Grafted with Helical Poly(phenyl isocyanide)s and Their Enantioselective Crystallization Ability. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zong-Quan Wu
- Department
of Polymer Science
and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei 230009, China
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30
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Aiba S, Takamatsu N, Sasai T, Tokunaga Y, Kawasaki T. Replication of α-amino acids via Strecker synthesis with amplification and multiplication of chiral intermediate aminonitriles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:10834-7. [PMID: 27492553 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc05544c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Replication of chiral l- and d-α-(p-tolyl)glycine has been achieved in combination with the asymmetric induction, amplification and multiplication of their own chiral intermediates, l- and d-aminonitriles, in the solid-phase via the Strecker reaction between three achiral components, which is a plausible prebiotic mechanism for amino acid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aiba
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui 910-8507, Japan.
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31
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Kushida Y, Sawato T, Shigeno M, Saito N, Yamaguchi M. Deterministic and Stochastic Chiral Symmetry Breaking Exhibited by Racemic Aminomethylenehelicene Oligomers. Chemistry 2016; 23:327-333. [PMID: 27440722 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Racemic mixtures of aminomethylenehelicene (P)- and (M)-pentamers exhibited deterministic and stochastic chiral symmetry breaking during hetero-double-helix formation and self-assembly in solution. Heating a 50:50 mixture of (P)- and (M)-pentamers at 90 °C, and then cooling the mixture to 70 °C resulted in hetero-double-helix formation; a Cotton effect with negative Δε at λ=315 nm appeared. Chiral self-assembly occurred when the mixture was cooled to 25 °C. A strong tendency of deterministic chiral symmetry breaking appeared at the molecular and self-assembled levels, which was indicated by the negative Δε at λ=315 nm that appeared in most cases in repeated experiments. Mixtures containing 60:40 and 40:60 (P)-/(M)-pentamers also self-assembled with the same chirality. When a homo-double-helix (P)-/(M)-pentamer and a random coil (M)-/(P)-pentamer were mixed, the chiral self-assembly formed stochastically, and heating and cooling resulted in deterministic chiral symmetry breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Kushida
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Sawato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masanori Shigeno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nozomi Saito
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Aoba, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
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32
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Sögütoglu LC, Steendam RRE, Meekes H, Vlieg E, Rutjes FPJT. Viedma ripening: a reliable crystallisation method to reach single chirality. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6723-32. [PMID: 26165858 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00196j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Crystallisation processes have evolved to practical methods that allow isolation of an enantiopure product in high yield. Viedma ripening in particular enables access to enantiopure products in a reliable way, simply through grinding of crystals in a solution. This tutorial review covers the basic principles behind asymmetric crystallisation processes, with an emphasis on Viedma ripening, and shows that to date many novel organic molecules can be obtained in enantiopure solid form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla-Cann Sögütoglu
- Radboud University, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands. F.
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33
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Steendam RRE, Kulka MW, Meekes H, van Enckevort WJP, Raap J, Vlieg E, Rutjes FPJT. One-Pot Synthesis, Crystallization and Deracemization of Isoindolinones from Achiral Reactants. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Kawasaki T, Takamatsu N, Aiba S, Tokunaga Y. Spontaneous formation and amplification of an enantioenriched α-amino nitrile: a chiral precursor for Strecker amino acid synthesis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:14377-80. [PMID: 26269321 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05848a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Without the addition of any chiral substances, the spontaneous formation of an enantioenriched α-amino nitrile (up to 96% ee), which is a chiral precursor for Strecker amino acid synthesis, has been achieved in combination with conglomerate formation. The frequency of the formation of enantiomorphs exhibits an approximate stochastic distribution, i.e., L-form occurred 21 times and D-form occurred 22 times, which fulfils the conditions necessary for spontaneous absolute asymmetric synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneomi Kawasaki
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Fukui, Bunkyo, Fukui, 910-8507 Japan.
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35
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Isoindolinones as Michael Donors under Phase Transfer Catalysis: Enantioselective Synthesis of Phthalimidines Containing a Tetrasubstituted Carbon Stereocenter. Molecules 2015; 20:8484-98. [PMID: 25985353 PMCID: PMC6272520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20058484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Readily available chiral ammonium salts derived from cinchona alkaloids have proven to be effective phase transfer catalysts in the asymmetric Michael reaction of 3-substituted isoindolinones. This protocol provides a convenient method for the construction of valuable asymmetric 3,3-disubstituted isoindolinones in high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivity. Diastereoselectivity was also investigated in the construction of contiguous tertiary and quaternary stereocenters. The use of acrolein as Michael acceptor led to an interesting tricyclic derivative, a pyrroloisoindolinone analogue, via a tandem conjugated addition/cyclization reaction.
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36
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An G, Yan P, Sun J, Li Y, Yao X, Li G. The racemate-to-homochiral approach to crystal engineering via chiral symmetry breaking. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00402k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Racemate-to-homochiral crystallization was highlighted for symmetry breaking phenomena by showing clear pictures of the mechanism and development history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui An
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangming Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (MOE)
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Heilongjiang University
- Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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37
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Fukuzumi M, Nakanishi W, Ishikawa T, Kumamoto T. Synthesis ofortho-Phenylenebis(guanidine) Derivatives with Potential Chirality. Helv Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201400053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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Steendam RRE, Brouwer MCT, Huijs EME, Kulka MW, Meekes H, van Enckevort WJP, Raap J, Rutjes FPJT, Vlieg E. Enantiopure isoindolinones through Viedma ripening. Chemistry 2014; 20:13527-30. [PMID: 25168197 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Here we demonstrate that deracemization of isoindolinones using Viedma ripening is possible starting from a racemic mixture of conglomerate crystals. Crystals of the enantiopure isoindolinones lose their chiral identity upon dissolution even without the need for a catalyst. This enabled complete deracemization of the reported isoindolinones without a catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- René R E Steendam
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen (The Netherlands)
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39
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Tiso S, Massa A. Chiral Phase Transfer Catalysts for the Synthesis of ChiralN-HeterocyclesviaAsymmetric Cascade Reactions. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Tiso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
| | - Antonio Massa
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano SA Italy
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40
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Preparation, characterization and application of a chiral thermo-sensitive membrane for phenylalanine separation of the racemic mixture. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-014-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Massa A, Rizzo P, Monaco G, Zanasi R. Absolute configuration assignment made easier by the VCD of coupled oscillating carbonyls: the case of (−)-propanedioic acids, 2-(2,3)-dihydro-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-1-yl)-1,3-dimethyl ester. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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42
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Lackner AD, Samant AV, Toste FD. Single-operation deracemization of 3H-indolines and tetrahydroquinolines enabled by phase separation. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14090-3. [PMID: 24025122 DOI: 10.1021/ja4082827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The single-operation deracemization of 3H indolines and tetrahydroquinolines is described. An asymmetric redox approach was employed, in which a phosphoric acid catalyst, oxidant, and reductant are present in the reaction mixture. The simultaneous presence of both oxidant and reductant was enabled by phase separation and resulted in the isolation of highly enantioenriched starting materials in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D Lackner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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43
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Sohail M, Wang YF, Wu SX, Zeng W, Guo JY, Chen FX. Non-superimposable mirror image crystals of enantiomers by spontaneous resolution and the chiral discrimination mechanism. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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44
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Hachiya S, Kasashima Y, Yagishita F, Mino T, Masu H, Sakamoto M. Asymmetric transformation by dynamic crystallization of achiral succinimides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:4776-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc41678j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Tiso S, Palombi L, Vignes C, Di Mola A, Massa A. Organocatalysts and sequential asymmetric cascade reactions in the synthesis of functionalized isoindolinones and benzoindolizidinones. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43074j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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