1
|
Asato R, Martin CJ, Nakashima T, Calupitan JP, Rapenne G, Kawai T. Energy Storage upon Photochromic 6-π Photocyclization and Efficient On-Demand Heat Release with Oxidation Stimuli. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11391-11398. [PMID: 34787418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic molecules display reversible isomerization reactions between two isomers accompanied by an exchange between heat and chemical potential. A considerable part of the absorbed light energy is stored in and released from the present E-type photochromic molecules, which undergo cyclization reactions under UV light excitation and backward reactions after application of oxidative stimuli. The photochromic nature, thermal stability, and cascade ring-opening reaction of the closed form isomers of eight photochromic terarylenes are studied, and energy storage efficiencies at a single wavelength, η, as high as 23% are experimentally demonstrated. Their efficient photochemical quantum yield for the cyclization reaction markedly contributes to the high energy storage efficiency as well as showing the capability of efficient cascade cycloreversion reactions. Spontaneous cycloreversion reactions are well-suppressed because the forbidden nature of the cycloreversion reaction gives rise to sufficient heat storage duration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Asato
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Colin J Martin
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Jan Patrick Calupitan
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
- CEMES, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
- International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011, 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, F-31055 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asato R, Martin CJ, Calupitan JP, Mizutsu R, Nakashima T, Okada G, Kawaguchi N, Yanagida T, Kawai T. Photosynergetic amplification of radiation input: from efficient UV induced cycloreversion to sensitive X-ray detection. Chem Sci 2020; 11:2504-2510. [PMID: 34084416 PMCID: PMC8157323 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05380h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Five photochromic terarylenes which show reversible photocyclisation and cycloreversion with relatively high quantum yields are presented. Some of these have been observed to undergo a highly efficient cycloreversion cascade process from their coloured, closed forms to their uncoloured open forms that leads to cycloreversion quantum yields significantly larger than unity. This cascade effect can been induced with both chemical and X-ray initiation; the limit of detection from X-ray initiation has been tested and is comparable to existing systems with detection observed at values as low as 0.3 mGy. New photochromic terarylene displays extremely high photosensitivity with quantum yield as high as 3300% and radio-sensitivity to X-ray dose as weak as 0.3 mGy.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Asato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan .,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011 29 rue J. Marvig F-31055 Toulouse France
| | - Colin J Martin
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan .,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011 29 rue J. Marvig F-31055 Toulouse France
| | - Jan Patrick Calupitan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Ryo Mizutsu
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Go Okada
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Noriaki Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Takayuki Yanagida
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, NAIST 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan .,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, CNRS UPR 8011 29 rue J. Marvig F-31055 Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dela Cruz Calupitan JP, Galangau O, Nakashima T, Kawai T, Rapenne G. Photochromic Diarylethenes Designed for Surface Deposition: From Self-Assembled Monolayers to Single Molecules. Chempluschem 2020; 84:564-577. [PMID: 31944023 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The efficient switching that can occur between two stable isomers of diarylethenes makes them particularly promising targets for opto- and molecular electronics. To examine these classes of molecules for electronics applications, they have been subjected to a series of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) experiments, which are the focus of this Review. A brief introduction to the chemical design of diarylethenes in terms of their switching capabilities along with the basics of STM are presented. Next, initial STM studies on these compounds under ambient conditions are discussed. An overview of how molecular design affects the isomerization and self-assembly of diarylethenes at the solid-liquid interface as investigated by STM is then presented, as well as single-molecule studies under ultrahigh vacuum. The last section presents further prospects for molecular design in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Patrick Dela Cruz Calupitan
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Galangau
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| | - Gwénaël Rapenne
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.,International Collaborative Laboratory for Supraphotoactive Systems, NAIST-CEMES, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.,Université de Toulouse CNRS, 29 rue Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Regulating photothermal conversion of hemicyanine dye by light-controlling switch: A preliminary investigation. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2020.100082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
5
|
Xu H, Wei S, Fan C, Liu G, Pu S. Effects of aromatic stabilization energies of aryl rings of symmetrical diarylethenes. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Goulet-Hanssens A, Utecht M, Mutruc D, Titov E, Schwarz J, Grubert L, Bléger D, Saalfrank P, Hecht S. Electrocatalytic Z → E Isomerization of Azobenzenes. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 139:335-341. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Goulet-Hanssens
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Utecht
- Theoretische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse
24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Dragos Mutruc
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Evgenii Titov
- Theoretische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse
24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Jutta Schwarz
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lutz Grubert
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Bléger
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Theoretische
Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse
24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Department of Chemistry & IRIS Adlershof, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Calupitan JP, Nakashima T, Hashimoto Y, Kawai T. Fast and Efficient Oxidative Cycloreversion Reaction of a π-Extended Photochromic Terarylene. Chemistry 2016; 22:10002-8. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Patrick Calupitan
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma, Nara Japan
- NAIST-CEMES International Collaborative Laboratory; CEMES-CNRS (UPR 8011); 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP94347 31055 Toulouse France
| | - Takuya Nakashima
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma, Nara Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma, Nara Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawai
- Graduate School of Materials Science; Nara Institute of Science and Technology; 8916-5 Takayama Ikoma, Nara Japan
- NAIST-CEMES International Collaborative Laboratory; CEMES-CNRS (UPR 8011); 29 rue Jeanne Marvig, BP94347 31055 Toulouse France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molloy MS, Snyder JA, DeFrancisco JR, Bragg AE. Structural Control of Nonadiabatic Photochemical Bond Formation: Photocyclization in Structurally Modified ortho-Terphenyls. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:3998-4007. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Molly S. Molloy
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Joshua A. Snyder
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Justin R. DeFrancisco
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Arthur E. Bragg
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
A new multi-addressable molecular switch based on a photochromic diarylethene with a thieno-imidazole unit. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
10
|
Ai Q, Pang S, Ahn KH. Photoswitchable “Turn-on” Fluorescence Diarylethenes: Substituent Effects on Photochemical Properties and Electrochromism. Chemistry 2015; 22:656-62. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
11
|
Kang J, You Y. Nondestructive readout fluorescence memory based on a gallium(III) corrole complex and photochromic cis-1,2-dithienylethene. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615500017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Photochromic switching of fluorescence emission provides a viable principle to creation of all optical molecular memory. Successful operation of the fluorescence memory requires deliberate control of the energetics between a fluorophore and a photochrome. One essential requirement is that photoexcitation for fluorescence emission does not interfere with the photochromic processes. Gallium(III) corrole complexes outfit the condition because their fluorescence emissions display large Stokes shifts, permitting photoexcitation at the optical window where the photochromism of cis-1,2-dithienylethene is not executed. To demonstrate the capability for fluorescence memory, we prepared molecularly dispersed poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) films of a gallium corrole complex and cis-1,2-dithienylethene. The memory cycle comprising fluorescence readout and reversible photochromic switching of the fluorescence emission is fully reversible without suffering from fatigue during repeated operation. The corresponding fluorescence on/off ratio is greater than those of previous memory based on porphyrins. Fluorescence lifetime measurements employing time-correlated single photon counting techniques reveal occurrence of fast energy transfer (~ 109 s-1) which is effectively gated by the photochromism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jijoon Kang
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang R, Dong X, Pu S, Liu G. Substituent effects on the properties of photochromic hybrid diarylethenes with a naphthalene moiety. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:1222-1230. [PMID: 25305614 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Four new unsymmetrical photochromic diarylethenes bearing both naphthalene and thiophene moieties were synthesized, and the structures of two diarylethenes were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The naphthalene ring was connected directly to the central perfluorocyclopentene ring as an aryl moiety and available to participate in photoisomerization reaction. All the diarylethenes exhibited favorable photochromism and functioned as fluorescence switches in both solution and poly(methyl methacrylate) films. The electron-withdrawing substituent significantly shifted the absorption maxima to a longer wavelength and evidently suppressed the cycloreversion quantum yield, whereas the electron-donating substituents enhanced the fluorescence quantum yield of diarylethenes with a naphthalene moiety. Furthermore, cyclic voltammograms suggested that the oxidation onsets and band-gaps of the open-ring isomers were much bigger than those of the closed-ring isomers. The results indicated that the substituents at the 5-position of thiophene ring could availably modulate their optical and electrochemical behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
D'Souza F, Imahori H. Preface — Special Issue in Honor of Professor Shunichi Fukuzumi. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2015. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424615020010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
14
|
Irie M, Fukaminato T, Matsuda K, Kobatake S. Photochromism of Diarylethene Molecules and Crystals: Memories, Switches, and Actuators. Chem Rev 2014; 114:12174-277. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500249p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1755] [Impact Index Per Article: 175.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Irie
- Research
Center for Smart Molecules, Rikkyo University, Nishi-Ikebukuro 3-34-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Tuyoshi Fukaminato
- Research
Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku,
Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsuda
- Department
of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of
Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Seiya Kobatake
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Synthesis and spectral properties of 3-(2-aryl-5-methyl-1,3-oxazol- 4-yl)-2-(2,5-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)cyclopent-2-en-1-ones. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
16
|
Fukuzumi S, Ohkubo K. Organic synthetic transformations using organic dyes as photoredox catalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6059-71. [PMID: 24984977 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00843j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The oxidizing ability of organic dyes is enhanced significantly by photoexcitation. Radical cations of weak electron donors can be produced by electron transfer from the donors to the excited states of organic dyes. The radical cations thus produced undergo bond formation reactions with various nucleophiles. For example, the direct oxygenation of benzene to phenol was made possible under visible-light irradiation of 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) in an oxygen-saturated acetonitrile solution of benzene and water via electron transfer from benzene to the triplet excited state of DDQ. 3-Cyano-1-methylquinolinium ion (QuCN(+)) can also act as an efficient photocatalyst for the selective oxygenation of benzene to phenol using oxygen and water under homogeneous and ambient conditions. Alkoxybenzenes were also obtained when water was replaced by alcohol under otherwise identical experimental conditions. QuCN(+) can also be an effective photocatalyst for the fluorination of benzene with O2 and fluoride anion. Photocatalytic selective oxygenation of aromatic compounds was achieved using an electron donor-acceptor-linked dyad, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr(+)-Mes), as a photocatalyst and O2 as the oxidant under visible-light irradiation. The electron-transfer state of Acr(+)-Mes produced upon photoexcitation can oxidize and reduce substrates and dioxygen, respectively, leading to the selective oxygenation and halogenation of substrates. Acr(+)-Mes has been utilized as an efficient organic photoredox catalyst for many other synthetic transformations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fukuzumi S, Ohkubo K, Suenobu T. Long-lived charge separation and applications in artificial photosynthesis. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:1455-64. [PMID: 24793793 DOI: 10.1021/ar400200u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have long been interested in replicating the reactivity that occurs in photosynthetic organisms. To mimic the long-lived charge separations characteristic of the reaction center in photosynthesis, researchers have applied the Marcus theory to design synthetic multistep electron-transfer (ET) systems. In this Account, we describe our recent research on the rational design of ET control systems, based on models of the photosynthetic reaction center that rely on the Marcus theory of ET. The key to obtaining a long-lived charge separation is the careful choice of electron donors and acceptors that have small reorganization energies of ET. In these cases, the driving force of back ET is located in the Marcus inverted region, where the lifetime of the charge-separated state lengthens as the driving force of back ET increases. We chose porphyrins as electron donors and fullerenes as electron acceptors, both of which have small ET reorganization energies. By linking electron donor porphyrins and electron acceptor fullerenes at appropriate distances, we achieved charge-separated states with long lifetimes. We could further lengthen the lifetimes of charge-separated states by mixing a variety of components, such as a terminal electron donor, an electron mediator, and an electron acceptor, mimicking both the photosynthetic reaction center and the multistep photoinduced ET that occurs there. However, each step in multistep ET loses a fraction of the initial excitation energy during the long-distance charge separation. To overcome this drawback in multistep ET systems, we used designed new systems where we could finely control the redox potentials and the geometry of simple donor-acceptor dyads. These modifications resulted in a small ET reorganization energy and a high-lying triplet excited state. Our most successful example, 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium ion (Acr(+)-Mes), can undergo a fast photoinduced ET from the mesityl (Mes) moiety to the singlet excited state of the acridinium ion moiety (Acr(+)) with extremely slow back ET. The high-energy triplet charge-separated state is located deep in the Marcus inverted region, and we have detected the structural changes during the photoinduced ET in this system using X-ray crystallography. To increase the efficiency of both the light-harvesting and photoinduced ET, we assembled the Acr(+)-Mes dyads on gold nanoparticles to bring them in closer proximity to one another. We can also incorporate Acr(+)-Mes molecules within nanosized mesoporous silica-alumina. In contrast to the densely assembled dyads on gold nanoparticles, each Acr(+)-Mes molecule in silica-alumina is isolated in the mesopore, which inhibits the bimolecular back ET and leads to longer lifetimes in solution at room temperature than the natural photosynthetic reaction center. Acr(+)-Mes and related compounds act as excellent organic photocatalysts and facilitate a variety of reactions such as oxygenation, bromination, carbon-carbon bond formation, and hydrogen evolution reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department
of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University and ALCA, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Luo F, Fan CB, Luo MB, Wu XL, Zhu Y, Pu SZ, Xu WY, Guo GC. Photoswitching CO2Capture and Release in a Photochromic Diarylethene Metal-Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201311124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
19
|
Luo F, Fan CB, Luo MB, Wu XL, Zhu Y, Pu SZ, Xu WY, Guo GC. Photoswitching CO2Capture and Release in a Photochromic Diarylethene Metal-Organic Framework. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:9298-301. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201311124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
20
|
Zhou Z, Chang Y, Shimizu S, Mack J, Schütt C, Herges R, Shen Z, Kobayashi N. Core‐Modified Rubyrins Containing Dithienylethene Moieties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:6563-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201402711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| | - Yi Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| | - John Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown (South Africa)
| | - Christian Schütt
- Otto‐Diels‐Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel (Germany)
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto‐Diels‐Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel (Germany)
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou Z, Chang Y, Shimizu S, Mack J, Schütt C, Herges R, Shen Z, Kobayashi N. Durch Dithienylethen‐Einheiten modifizierte Rubyrine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201402711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| | - Yi Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
| | - Soji Shimizu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| | - John Mack
- Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown (Südafrika)
| | - Christian Schütt
- Otto Diels‐Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel (Deutschland)
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels‐Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Kiel (Deutschland)
| | - Zhen Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093 (China)
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980‐8578 (Japan)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wu Y, Xie Y, Zhang Q, Tian H, Zhu W, Li ADQ. Quantitative Photoswitching in Bis(dithiazole)ethene Enables Modulation of Light for Encoding Optical Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
23
|
Wu Y, Xie Y, Zhang Q, Tian H, Zhu W, Li ADQ. Quantitative Photoswitching in Bis(dithiazole)ethene Enables Modulation of Light for Encoding Optical Signals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2090-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
24
|
Lee S, You Y, Ohkubo K, Fukuzumi S, Nam W. Highly efficient cycloreversion of photochromic dithienylethene compounds using visible light-driven photoredox catalysis. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52900b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
|
25
|
Cheng HB, Zhang HY, Liu Y. Dual-Stimulus Luminescent Lanthanide Molecular Switch Based on an Unsymmetrical Diarylperfluorocyclopentene. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:10190-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja4018804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng-Yi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,
People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic
Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,
People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xiao T, Li S, Zhang X, Lin C, Wang L. Novel Macrocycles Bearing Dithienylethene Units and Urea Functional Groups: Synthesis, Structure and Photochromic Property. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|