1
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Fresia M, Dierks A, Jones PG, Lindel T. Synthesis of the indeno[1,2- b]indole core of janthitrem B. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9065-9069. [PMID: 37937993 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01566a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The tetracyclic core structure of the majority of indole diterpenoids features a trans-hydrindane moiety that is fused to an indole unit. We report here a novel synthetic route that includes a photo-Nazarov cyclization of a 3-acylindole precursor initially providing the thermodynamically preferred cis-hydrindanone. After reduction and conversion to the cyclopentadiene, dihydroxylation and hydrogenation provided the indoline. The key step generated the trans-system by stereospecific hydride shift on a dioxaphospholane under Grainger's conditions, for the first time applied to an N-heterocycle. When starting from the corresponding indole, we observed the formation of hitherto unknown methanocyclohepta[b]indolones. Deoxygenation of the trans-hydrindanone was achieved after conversion to the 1,3-dithiolane, followed by RANEY® Ni reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Fresia
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Dierks
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Peter G Jones
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thomas Lindel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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2
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Sofiadis M, Xu D, Rodriguez AJ, Nissl B, Clementson S, Petersen NN, Baran PS. Convergent Total Synthesis of (-)-Cyclopamine. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21760-21765. [PMID: 37782691 PMCID: PMC10696607 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
A concise and enantioselective total synthesis of the Veratrum alkaloid cyclopamine is disclosed. This highly convergent synthesis with a 16-step longest linear sequence (LLS) was enabled by a de novo synthesis of the trans-6,5-heterobicycle via a strain-inducing halocyclization process, a key Tsuji-Trost cyclization to construct the fully substituted, spirocyclic THF motif with exquisite diastereocontrol, and a late-stage ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction to forge the central tetrasubstituted olefin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolis Sofiadis
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Dongmin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Anthony J. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | - Benedikt Nissl
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
| | | | | | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States
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3
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Kim DE, Zhu Y, Harada S, Aguilar I, Cuomo AE, Wang M, Newhouse TR. Total Synthesis of (+)-Shearilicine. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4394-4399. [PMID: 36790949 PMCID: PMC11000525 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report the first total synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product shearilicine by an 11-step sequence via a generalizable precursor to the highly oxidized subclass of indole diterpenoids. A native chiral auxiliary strategy was employed to access the target molecule in an enantiospecific fashion. The formation of the key carbazole substructure was achieved through a mild intramolecular Heck cyclization, wherein a computational study revealed noncovalent substrate-ligand and ligand-ligand interactions that promoted migratory insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria E Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Yingchuan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Shingo Harada
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Isaiah Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Abbigayle E Cuomo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Minghao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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4
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Labra-Vázquez P, Ochoa ME, Alfonso-Herrera LA, Vera MA, Farfán N, Santillan R. A Steroidal Molecular Rotor with Fast Solid‐State Dynamics Obtained by Crystal Engineering: Role of the Polarity of the Stator. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- UNAM Facultad de Quimica: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Quimica Química orgánica 04510 Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - María E. Ochoa
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Zacatenco: Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional Química Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - Luis A. Alfonso-Herrera
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León: Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon Departamento de Ecomateriales y Energía Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, MEXICO
| | - Marco A. Vera
- Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa Lab. de RMN MEXICO
| | - Norberto Farfán
- UNAM Facultad de Quimica: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Facultad de Quimica Química orgánica 04510 Ciudad de México, México MEXICO
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados Unidad Zacatenco: Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional Química Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, Ciudad de México, México 07000 Ciudad de México MEXICO
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5
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Schatz DJ, Kuenstner EJ, George DT, Pronin SV. Synthesis of rearranged indole diterpenes of the paxilline type. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:946-968. [PMID: 34931646 PMCID: PMC10122275 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2021Rearranged indole diterpenes of the paxilline type comprise a large group of fungal metabolites that possess diverse structural features and potentially useful biological effects. The unique indoloterpenoid motif, which is common to all congeners, was first confirmed by crystallographic studies of paxilline. This family of natural products has fascinated organic chemists for the past four decades and has inspired numerous syntheses and synthetic approaches. The present review highlights efforts that have laid the foundation and introduced new directions to this field of natural product synthesis. The introduction includes a summary of biosynthetic considerations and biological activities, the main body of the manuscript provides a detailed discussion of selected syntheses, and the review concludes with a brief outlook on the future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon J Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Eric J Kuenstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - David T George
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697-2025, USA.
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6
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Guo L, Xu Z, Tong R. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Indole Diterpenes Paspalicine, Paspalinine, and Paspalinine‐13‐ene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202115384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian‐Dong Guo
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Zejun Xu
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- Hong Kong Branch of the Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Guangzhou) The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong China
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China
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7
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Hauser N, Imhof MA, Eichenberger SS, Kündig T, Carreira EM. Total Synthesis of Shearinines D and G: A Convergent Approach to Indole Diterpenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Hauser
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI H335 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Michael A. Imhof
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI H335 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Sarah S. Eichenberger
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI H335 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Tomas Kündig
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI H335 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Erick M. Carreira
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH Zürich Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCI H335 8093 Zürich Switzerland
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8
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Guo LD, Xu Z, Tong R. Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Indole Diterpenes Paspalicine, Paspalinine, and Paspalinine-13-ene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115384. [PMID: 34784090 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Paspaline-derived indole diterpenes (IDTs) are structurally complex mycotoxins with unique tremorgenic activity. Reported are asymmetric total syntheses of three paspaline-derived IDTs paspalicine, paspalinine and paspalinine-13-ene. Our synthesis features a green Achmatowicz rearrangement/bicycloketalization for the efficient construction of FG rings (75 % yield) and a cascade ring-closing metathesis of dienyne for highly regioselective formation of CD rings (72 % yield). Other highlights include four palladium-mediated reactions (Stille, aza-Wacker, Suzuki, and Heck) to forge the BE rings and the installation of two continuous all-carbon quaternary stereocenters via reductive ring-opening of cyclopropane and α-methylation of the conjugate ester. Our new synthetic strategy is expected to be applicable to the chemical synthesis of other paspaline-derived IDTs and will facilitate the bioactivity studies of these agriculturally and pharmacologically important IDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Dong Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zejun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Hong Kong Branch of the Guangdong Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clearwater Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
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9
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Carreira EM, Hauser N, Imhof MA, Eichenberger SS, Kündig T. Total Synthesis of Shearinines D and G: A Convergent Approach to Indole Diterpenoids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112838. [PMID: 34738695 PMCID: PMC9300186 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The first total syntheses of the indole diterpenoids (+)‐shearinine G and D are disclosed. The successful routes rely on late‐stage coupling of two complex fragments. Formation of the challenging trans‐hydrindane motif was accomplished by diastereoselective, intramolecular cyclopropanation. A one‐pot sequence consisting of Sharpless dihydroxylation/Achmatowicz reaction was developed to install the dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octane motif. The indenone subunit was accessed by Prins cyclization. Tuning the electronic nature of the substituents on the parent arylcarboxaldehyde allowed access to divergent products that were further transformed into shearinines G and D. Riley‐type oxidation of a bicyclic enone yielded a surprising stereochemical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Moran Carreira
- ETH-Hönggerberg, Laboratorium für Anorganische Chemie, Vladimir Prelog Weg 3, HCl H335, 8093, Zürich, SWITZERLAND
| | | | - Michael A Imhof
- ETH-Zürich LOC: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Chemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Sarah S Eichenberger
- ETH-Zürich LOC: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Chemistry, SWITZERLAND
| | - Tomas Kündig
- ETH-Zürich LOC: Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Laboratorium fur Organische Chemie, Chemistry, SWITZERLAND
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10
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Hayakawa I, Matsumaru N, Sakakura A. Toward the Synthesis of Paspaline-Type Indole-Terpenes: Stereoselective Construction of Core Scaffold with Contiguous Asymmetric Quaternary Carbon Centers. J Org Chem 2021; 86:9802-9810. [PMID: 34231354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The core scaffold of paspaline-type indole-terpenes was synthesized by using the House-Meinwald rearrangement as a key step. Rearrangement of the epoxide methyl group in the precursor with methylaluminum bis(4-bromo-2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide) as a Lewis acid proceeded smoothly to construct contiguous asymmetric quaternary carbon centers by a 1,2-chirality transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Integrated Basic Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
| | - Naochika Matsumaru
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Akira Sakakura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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11
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Peng GY, Kurtán T, Mándi A, He J, Cao ZY, Tang H, Mao SC, Zhang W. Neuronal Modulators from the Coral-Associated Fungi Aspergillus candidus. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19050281. [PMID: 34069724 PMCID: PMC8161303 DOI: 10.3390/md19050281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Three new p-terphenyl derivatives, named 4″-O-methyl-prenylterphenyllin B (1) and phenylcandilide A and B (17 and 18), and three new indole-diterpene alkaloids, asperindoles E-G (22-24), were isolated together with eighteen known analogues from the fungi Aspergillus candidus associated with the South China Sea gorgonian Junceela fragillis. The structures and absolute configurations of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and DFT/NMR and TDDFT/ECD calculations. In a primary cultured cortical neuronal network, the compounds 6, 9, 14, 17, 18 and 24 modulated spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations and 4-aminopyridine hyperexcited neuronal activity. A preliminary structure-activity relationship was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Yang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China;
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guo-He Rd., Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, POB 400, H-4002 Debrecen, Hungary; (T.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Jing He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long-Mian Ave., Nanjing 211198, China; (J.H.); (Z.-Y.C.)
| | - Zheng-Yu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCM Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Long-Mian Ave., Nanjing 211198, China; (J.H.); (Z.-Y.C.)
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, 99 Shang-Da Road, Shanghai 200444, China;
| | - Shui-Chun Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Road, Nanchang 330006, China;
- Correspondence: (S.-C.M.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wen Zhang
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
- School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guo-He Rd., Shanghai 200433, China
- Correspondence: (S.-C.M.); (W.Z.)
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12
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Thomas WP, Pronin SV. New Methods and Strategies in the Synthesis of Terpenoid Natural Products. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1347-1359. [PMID: 33596652 PMCID: PMC10122273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Indoloterpenoids of the paxilline type belong to a large family of secondary metabolites that exhibit unique molecular architectures and a diverse set of biological activities. More than 100 congeners identified to date share a common structural motif that contains an indole moiety fused to a rearranged diterpenoid fragment. The representative physiological and cellular effects attributed to this family of natural products include neurological and insecticidal activities, modulation of lipid balance, and inhibition of mitosis. The uniting polycyclic motif combined with the diversity of individual structural features of paxilline indoloterpenoids and the broad scope of their biological activities have fascinated organic chemists for the past four decades and have led to the development of numerous syntheses. In this Account, we describe our contributions to this field and how they in turn shape new directions that are developing in our laboratory.We begin with the discussion of our strategy for the synthesis of the shared indoloterpenoid core. To address stereochemical challenges encountered in earlier reports, we planned to leverage a suitably substituted cyclopentanone in a polycyclization to form the desired trans-decalin motif. This polycyclization relied on a radical-polar crossover cascade initiated by hydrogen atom transfer. The original process exhibited poor diastereoselectivity, but we discovered an efficient solution to this problem that took advantage of intramolecular tethering effects, culminating in short synthesis of emindole SB. During these studies, we also identified indium-mediated alkenylation of silyl enol ethers with alkynes as a suitable method for the synthesis of highly substituted β,γ-unsaturated ketones that was critical to achieving brevity of our route. We subsequently developed a catalytic version of this transformation that allowed for a formal bimolecular ene reaction that exhibited unusual and potentially useful selectivity in construction of quaternary centers.To test the scope and limitations of our approach to paxilline indoloterpenoids and identify potential improvements, we developed a synthesis of the more complex congener nodulisporic acid C. The convergent assembly of this natural product was enabled by identification of new elements of stereocontrol in the radical-polar crossover polycyclization en route to the polycyclic terpenoid motif and development of a highly diastereoselective enyne cycloisomerization to access the indenopyran motif and a ketone arylation protocol to unite the two complex fragments.In subsequent studies, we expanded the radical-polar crossover cascade underlying our approach to paxilline indoloterpenoids to a bimolecular setting, which allowed for annulation of two unsaturated carbonyl components to produce functionalized cyclohexanes. This transformation is particularly well suited for installation of fully substituted carbons and can be complementary to the venerable Diels-Alder reaction. The utility of the new annulation was tested in the synthesis of forskolin, allowing for rapid construction of the complex polycyclic motif in this densely functionalized labdane diterpenoid.Over the past five years, our initial forays into the synthesis of paxilline indoloterpenoids have grown into a program that incorporates development of new synthetic methods and pursues artificial assembly of terpenoid natural products from several different families. We are encouraged by the increasing diversity of structural motifs made accessible by application of this chemistry and continue to discover new aspects of the underlying reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V. Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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13
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Enomoto M. Recent advances in the total syntheses of indole diterpenoids. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:13-23. [DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Indole diterpenoids constitute a large family of natural products that are characterized by a hybrid molecular architecture consisting of an indole nucleus and diterpenoid moiety. Their pharmacologically and agriculturally important biological properties as well as intriguing molecular architectures have attracted much attention from many synthetic organic chemists. In 2012, we succeeded in the concise total synthesis of a paspalane-type indole diterpenoid, namely paspalinine, by developing a highly efficient indole ring formation protocol. After the report of this total synthesis, 4 research groups achieved the total syntheses of other paspalane- and nodulisporane-type indole diterpenoids using current state-of-the-art methods. This review summarizes the total syntheses of the paspalane- and nodulisporane-type indole diterpenoids that were described in the last 10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Enomoto
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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14
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Tanifuji R, Minami A, Oguri H, Oikawa H. Total synthesis of alkaloids using both chemical and biochemical methods. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:1098-1121. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00073a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chemoenzymatic approach to synthesize structurally complex natural alkaloids (tetrahydroisoquinoline antibiotics, indole diterpenes, and monoterpene indole alkaloids) has been reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tanifuji
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Atsushi Minami
- Division of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
| | - Hiroki Oguri
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
- Koganei
- Japan
| | - Hideaki Oikawa
- Division of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
- Japan
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15
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Jo M, Lee D, Kwak YS. Rapid Access to the Structural Core of Aflavinines via Stereoselective Tandem Intramolecular Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Controlled by the Allylic 1,3-Strain. Org Lett 2019; 21:6529-6533. [PMID: 31368715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An expedient route to access the functionalized structural core of aflavinines has been developed starting from three readily available fragments over 12 steps in 29.1% overall yield without using any transition metal catalysis. The key feature of this approach is a tandem intramolecular Diels-Alder cycloaddition to complete the hexacyclic framework with the correct stereochemistry and all the requisite structural elements in place to achieve the total synthesis of aflavinine and its congeners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmi Jo
- College of Pharmacy , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology (RIPST) , Ajou University , Suwon 16499 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Shin Kwak
- College of Pharmacy , Korea University , Sejong 30019 , Republic of Korea
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16
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Ono Y, Nakazaki A, Ueki K, Higuchi K, Sriphana U, Adachi M, Nishikawa T. Asymmetric Synthesis of the Aromatic Fragment of Sespendole. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9750-9757. [PMID: 31266301 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sespendole is an indole sesquiterpene alkaloid bearing two isoprenyl groups, one of which is highly oxidized. Herein, we disclose an eight-step synthesis of the aromatic fragment of sespendole in an optically pure form, starting from 4-bromo-2-fluoronitrobenzene. The key steps were a Claisen rearrangement at room temperature for introduction of the prenyl group and a coupling between the dianion generated from prenylated bromo-N-tosylanilide and a chiral epoxy aldehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Ono
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Atsuo Nakazaki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Kaori Ueki
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Keiko Higuchi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Uraiwan Sriphana
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Masaatsu Adachi
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
| | - Toshio Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences , Nagoya University , Furo-cho, Chikusa , Nagoya 464-8601 , Japan
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17
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Kim DE, Zweig JE, Newhouse TR. Total Synthesis of Paspaline A and Emindole PB Enabled by Computational Augmentation of a Transform-Guided Retrosynthetic Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1479-1483. [PMID: 30626183 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the total syntheses of two indole diterpenoid natural products, paspaline A and emindole PB. Paspaline A is synthesized in a 9-step sequence from commercially available materials. The first total synthesis of emindole PB is accomplished in 13 steps and confirms a previously ambiguous structural assignment. Density functional theory calculations are utilized to interrogate the key carbocationic rearrangement in a predictive capacity to aid in the selection of the most favorable precursor substrate. This work highlights how retrosynthetic design can be augmented with quantum chemical calculations to reveal energetically feasible synthetic disconnections, minimizing time-consuming and expensive empirical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria E Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Joshua E Zweig
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Timothy R Newhouse
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
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18
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19
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Godfrey NA, Schatz DJ, Pronin SV. Twelve-Step Asymmetric Synthesis of (-)-Nodulisporic Acid C. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12770-12774. [PMID: 30261724 PMCID: PMC6791361 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A short, enantioselective synthesis of (-)-nodulisporic acid C is described. The route features two highly diastereoselective polycyclizations en route to the terpenoid core and the indenopyran fragment and a highly convergent assembly of a challenging indole moiety. Application of this chemistry allows for a 12-step synthesis of the target indoloterpenoid from commercially available material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A. Godfrey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Devon J. Schatz
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V. Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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20
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Zou Y, Li X, Yang Y, Berritt S, Melvin J, Gonzales S, Spafford M, Smith AB. Total Synthesis of (-)-Nodulisporic Acids D, C, and B: Evolution of a Unified Synthetic Strategy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9502-9511. [PMID: 30028603 PMCID: PMC6085755 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b04053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A unified synthetic strategy leading to the total synthesis of (-)-nodulisporic acids D, C, and B is described. Key synthetic transformations include a nickel-chromium-mediated cyclization, an aromatic ring functionalization employing a novel copper-promoted alkylation, a palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling cascade/indole ring construction, and a palladium-mediated regio- and diastereoselective allylic substitution/cyclization reaction, the latter to construct ring D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xiangqin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Simon Berritt
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jason Melvin
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Stephen Gonzales
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Matthew Spafford
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, and Monell Chemical Senses Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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21
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Lai Y, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Chen JH, Yang Z. Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Insulicolide A, 14-O-Acetylinsulicolide A, 6β,9α-Dihydroxy-14-p-nitrobenzoylcinnamolide, and 7α,14-Dihydroxy-6β-p-nitrobenzoylconfertifolin. Org Lett 2018; 20:4298-4301. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jia-Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
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22
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Abstract
The first enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-petromindole, an architecturally distinct congener of indole diterpene family, has been achieved. Key features of this synthetic route include the scalable and concise synthesis of tricyclic allylic alcohol from enantiopure Wieland-Mischer ketone derivative, and TMSOTf-mediated, highly efficient biomimetic C-4 cyclization of indole derivative for the rapid construction of a hexacyclic skeleton of petromindole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dattatraya H Dethe
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016, India
| | - Susanta Kumar Sau
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur , Kanpur-208016, India
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23
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Borowiecki P, Dranka M, Ochal Z. Lipase-Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution ofN-Substituted 1-(β-Hydroxypropyl)indoles by Enantioselective Acetylation. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Borowiecki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology; Warsaw University of Technology; Koszykowa St. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Maciej Dranka
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology; Warsaw University of Technology; Koszykowa St. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
| | - Zbigniew Ochal
- Faculty of Chemistry; Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology; Warsaw University of Technology; Koszykowa St. 3 00-664 Warsaw Poland
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24
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Corsello MA, Kim J, Garg NK. Indole diterpenoid natural products as the inspiration for new synthetic methods and strategies. Chem Sci 2017; 8:5836-5844. [PMID: 28970940 PMCID: PMC5618777 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc01248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole terpenoids comprise a large class of natural products with diverse structural topologies and a broad range of biological activities. Accordingly, indole terpenoids have and continue to serve as attractive targets for chemical synthesis. Many synthetic efforts over the past few years have focused on a subclass of this family, the indole diterpenoids. This minireview showcases the role indole diterpenoids have played in inspiring the recent development of clever synthetic strategies, and new chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Corsello
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , USA .
| | - Junyong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , USA .
| | - Neil K Garg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Los Angeles , California 90095 , USA .
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25
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Total synthesis of architecturally complex indole terpenoids: strategic and tactical evolution. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2017; 71:185-204. [PMID: 28852179 DOI: 10.1038/ja.2017.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Indole terpenes have attracted the interests of synthetic chemists due to their complex architectures and potent biological activities. Examples of total syntheses of several indole terpenes were reviewed in this article to honor Professor KC Nicolaou.
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26
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Li H, Chen Q, Lu Z, Li A. Total Syntheses of Aflavazole and 14-Hydroxyaflavinine. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:15555-15558. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b10880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qifeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhaohong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic
and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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27
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Sun Y, Meng Z, Chen P, Zhang D, Baunach M, Hertweck C, Li A. A concise total synthesis of sespenine, a structurally unusual indole terpenoid from Streptomyces. Org Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qo00416k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A ten-step (the longest linear sequence) total synthesis of sespenine was accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Zhanchao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Pengxi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Deliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
| | - Martin Baunach
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology
- HKI
- Jena
- Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology
- HKI
- Jena
- Germany
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 200032
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28
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George DT, Kuenstner EJ, Pronin SV. A Concise Approach to Paxilline Indole Diterpenes. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:15410-3. [PMID: 26593869 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b11129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A synthetic approach to paxilline indole diterpenes is described. The route to the pentacyclic core relies on a new regioselective alkenylation of ketones and a tandem radical addition-aldol reaction sequence to access vicinal quaternary stereocenters. Emindole SB, the simplest member of the family, is synthesized in 11 steps from commercially available material to demonstrate the application of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T George
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Eric J Kuenstner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Sergey V Pronin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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29
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Alonso P, Pardo P, Galván A, Fañanás FJ, Rodríguez F. Synthesis of Cyclic Alkenyl Triflates by a Cationic Cyclization Reaction and its Application in Biomimetic Polycyclizations and Synthesis of Terpenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Alonso P, Pardo P, Galván A, Fañanás FJ, Rodríguez F. Synthesis of Cyclic Alkenyl Triflates by a Cationic Cyclization Reaction and its Application in Biomimetic Polycyclizations and Synthesis of Terpenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:15506-10. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Alonso
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8; 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Pilar Pardo
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8; 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Alicia Galván
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8; 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Francisco J. Fañanás
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8; 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
| | - Félix Rodríguez
- Instituto Universitario de Química Organometálica “Enrique Moles”, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8; 33006 Oviedo (Spain)
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31
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Abstract
The total synthesis of epoxyeujindole A, a structurally unusual indole diterpenoid isolated from Eupenicillium javanicum, has been accomplished for the first time. The synthesis features a late-stage cationic cyclization strategy, which took advantage of an electron-rich olefinic substrate. The CDE ring system was assembled via an enantioselective conjugate addition/alkylation, a Luche cyclization, and a Nozaki-Hiyama-Kishi reaction. The heavily substituted A ring was constructed through a Suzuki-Miyaura coupling and a cationic cyclization, and the bridged fused B ring was formed through a Prins reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hailong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ming Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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32
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Tang MC, Lin HC, Li D, Zou Y, Li J, Xu W, Cacho RA, Hillenmeyer ME, Garg NK, Tang Y. Discovery of Unclustered Fungal Indole Diterpene Biosynthetic Pathways through Combinatorial Pathway Reassembly in Engineered Yeast. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13724-7. [PMID: 26469304 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b06108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The structural diversity and biological activities of fungal indole diterpenes (IDTs) are generated in large part by the IDT cyclases (IDTCs). Identifying different IDTCs from IDT biosynthetic pathways is therefore important toward understanding how these enzymes introduce chemical diversity from a common linear precursor. However, IDTCs involved in the cyclization of the well-known aflavinine subgroup of IDTs have not been discovered. Here, using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a heterologous host and a phylogenetically guided enzyme mining approach, we combinatorially assembled IDT biosynthetic pathways using IDTCs homologues identified from different fungal hosts. We identified the genetically standalone IDTCs involved in the cyclization of aflavinine and anominine and produced new IDTs not previously isolated. The cyclization mechanisms of the new IDTCs were proposed based on the yeast reconstitution results. Our studies demonstrate heterologous pathway assembly is a useful tool in the reconstitution of unclustered biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China , Qingdao, Shandong 266003, P. R. China
| | | | - Jian Li
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University , Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
| | | | | | - Maureen E Hillenmeyer
- Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University , Palo Alto, California 94304, United States
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33
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Abstract
An enantioselective synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product paspaline is disclosed. Critical to this approach was the implementation of stereoselective desymmetrization reactions to assemble key stereocenters of the molecule. The design and execution of these tactics are described in detail, and a thorough analysis of observed outcomes is presented, ultimately providing the title compound in high stereopurity. This synthesis provides a novel template for preparing key stereocenters in this family of molecules, and the reactions developed en route to paspaline present a series of new synthetic disconnections in preparing steroidal natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Sharpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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34
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Sharpe RJ, Johnson JS. A global and local desymmetrization approach to the synthesis of steroidal alkaloids: stereocontrolled total synthesis of paspaline. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4968-71. [PMID: 25856767 PMCID: PMC4409926 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A stereocontrolled total synthesis of the indole diterpenoid natural product paspaline is described. Key steps include a highly diastereoselective enzymatic desymmetrization, substrate-directed epoxidation, Ireland-Claisen rearrangement, and diastereotopic group selective C-H acetoxylation to assemble the target with excellent stereofidelity. The route and results described herein outline complementary conceptual disconnections in the arena of steroid natural product synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Sharpe
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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35
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Abstract
Abstract
The first synthesis of the racemate of terpendole E, a specific inhibitor of the mitotic kinesin Eg5, has been achieved from a known tricyclic dihydroxy ketone by a 13-step sequence that involves diastereoselective installation of its C3 quaternary stereocenter via a cyclopropyl ketone intermediate and Pd-mediated two-step construction of the indole ring moiety as the key transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Teranishi
- Laboratory of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Murokawa
- Laboratory of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Biomaterial Engineering Research Group, Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigefumi Kuwahara
- Laboratory of Applied Bioorganic Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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36
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Yoshii Y, Otsu T, Hosokawa N, Takasu K, Okano K, Tokuyama H. Synthetic studies toward penitrem E: enantiocontrolled construction of B–E rings. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:1070-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc08505a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Enantiocontrolled construction of B–E rings of penitrem E was accomplished from 4-iodoindole through diastereoselective Tf2NH-catalyzed (2+2)-cycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yoshii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Takanori Otsu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Norihiko Hosokawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Kiyosei Takasu
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Kentaro Okano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Tokuyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
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37
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Ishikura M, Abe T, Choshi T, Hibino S. Simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit. Nat Prod Rep 2015; 32:1389-471. [DOI: 10.1039/c5np00032g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the isolation, structure determination, total syntheses and biological activities of simple indole alkaloids and those with a nonrearranged monoterpenoid unit, with literature coverage from 2012 to 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Ishikura
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-Tobetsu
- Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
- Ishikari-Tobetsu
- Japan
| | - Tominari Choshi
- Graduate School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Fukuyama University
- Fukuyama
- Japan
| | - Satoshi Hibino
- Graduate School of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Fukuyama University
- Fukuyama
- Japan
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38
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Inomata K, Endo Y, Honda S. Enantiodivergent Synthesis of Wieland-Miescher Ketone Analog Mediated by a Chiral Pyridinylmethylamine Derivative. HETEROCYCLES 2015. [DOI: 10.3987/com-14-s(k)63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Mori K, Miyake A, Akiyama T. Enantioselective synthesis of fused heterocycles with contiguous stereogenic centers by chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed symmetry breaking. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16107-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc05508c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly enantioselective synthesis of fused-heterocycles was achieved by chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed symmetry breaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Mori
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science Gakushuin University
- 1-5-1 Mejiro
- Toshima-ku
- Japan
| | - Ayaka Miyake
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science Gakushuin University
- 1-5-1 Mejiro
- Toshima-ku
- Japan
| | - Takahiko Akiyama
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science Gakushuin University
- 1-5-1 Mejiro
- Toshima-ku
- Japan
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Ross TM, Burke S, Malachowski WP. Enantioselective synthesis of decalin structures with all-carbon quaternary centers via one-pot sequential Cope/Rauhut-Currier reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2014; 55:4616-4618. [PMID: 25125710 DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The first example of one-pot sequential Cope/Rauhut-Currier reactions are reported and used to make functionalized decalin structures with all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. The substrates for the new sequential reaction are generated through a six-step sequence including an enantioselective Birch reduction-allylation reaction which makes the overall process asymmetric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Morgan Ross
- Chemistry Department, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA
| | - Sarah Burke
- Chemistry Department, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010, USA
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2012. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Tagami K, Minami A, Fujii R, Liu C, Tanaka M, Gomi K, Dairi T, Oikawa H. Rapid Reconstitution of Biosynthetic Machinery for Fungal Metabolites inAspergillus oryzae: Total Biosynthesis of Aflatrem. Chembiochem 2014; 15:2076-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201402195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Abstract
The natural product sesquiterpenyl indoles are structural hybrids from farnesyl pyrophosphate and tryptophan or its precursors, often with unusual and complex structural features, many of them with interesting biological activities. In this review the compounds of this class known until now are classified, a biosynthetic approach of each group is proposed and a review of the synthesis or synthetic approaches is communicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro S Marcos
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caidos 1-5, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
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Alcaide B, Almendros P, Alonso JM, Fernández I. Carbocyclization versus oxycyclization on the metal-catalyzed reactions of oxyallenyl C3-linked indoles. J Org Chem 2013; 78:6688-701. [PMID: 23738835 DOI: 10.1021/jo401013d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of previously unknown (indol-3-yl)-α-allenols and -allenones was accomplished from indole-3-carbaldehydes, through indium-mediated Barbier allenylation reaction taking advantage of the N-(2-pyridyl)sulfonyl group. Metal-catalyzed cyclizations of oxyallenyl C3-linked indoles proceeded in two ways depending on the presence or absence of the N-(2-pyridyl)sulfonyl group. For allenols, gold-catalyzed oxycyclization occurred in the presence of the protecting group; in the absence of the protecting group, palladium- and gold-catalyzed benzannulations operated. On the contrary, under gold catalysis furyl-indoles were obtained as exclusive products from NH-allenones, while 5-endo carbocyclization adducts were the major components starting from N-SO2py-protected allenones. These cyclization reactions have been developed experimentally, and their mechanisms have additionally been investigated by a computational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Alcaide
- Grupo de Lactamas y Heterociclos Bioactivos, Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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