1
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Wen HC, Chen W, Li M, Ma C, Wang JF, Fu A, Xu SQ, Zhou YF, Ni SF, Mao B. Chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed asymmetric epoxidation of alkenyl aza-heteroarenes using hydrogen peroxide. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5277. [PMID: 38902274 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of chiral α-azaheteroaryl oxiranes via enantioselective catalysis is a formidable challenge due to the required complex stereoselectivity and diverse N-heterocyclic structures. These compounds play a crucial role in developing bioactive molecules, where precise chirality significantly influences biological activity. Here we show that using chiral phosphoric acid as a catalyst, our method efficiently addresses these challenges. This technique not only achieves high enantio- and diastereoselectivity but also demonstrates superior chemo- and stereocontrol during the epoxidation of alkenyl aza-heteroarenes. Our approach leverages a synergistic blend of electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions, enabling the effective activation of both substrates and hydrogen peroxide. The resulting chiral oxiranes exhibit enhanced diversity and functionality, aiding the construction of complex chiral azaaryl compounds with contiguous stereocenters. Kinetic and density functional theory studies elucidate the mechanism, highlighting chiral phosphoric acid's pivotal role in this intricate enantioselective process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Chen Wen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Meng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jian-Fei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Aiping Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Qi Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Feng Zhou
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, China.
| | - Bin Mao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
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2
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Li L, Yang S, Xu Z, Li S, Jiang J, Zhang YQ. Dinuclear Titanium(III)-Catalyzed Radical-Type Kinetic Resolution of Epoxides for the Enantioselective Synthesis of cis-Glycidic Esters. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13546-13557. [PMID: 38690842 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Glycidic esters represent pivotal constituents in synthetic chemistry, offering enhanced versatility for tailoring toward a diverse array of molecular targets in comparison with simple epoxides. While considerable progress has been made in the asymmetric synthesis of trans- and trisubstituted glycidic esters, achieving enantioselective preparation of cis-glycidic esters has remained a long-standing challenge. Here, we demonstrate a selectivity-predictable modular platform for the asymmetric synthesis of cis-glycidic esters via a novel dinuclear (salen)titanium(III)-catalyzed radical-type kinetic resolution (KR) approach. This radical KR protocol operates under mild conditions and demonstrates a wide substrate scope, facilitating the synthesis of alkyl- and aryl-substituted cis-glycidic esters with high levels of regioselectivity and enantioselectivity, along with hydroxy ester byproducts representing synthetically valuable motifs as well. This study presents a unique exploration of radical-type KR applied to epoxides, effectively overcoming the steric challenges inherent in conventional nucleophilic-type methodologies typically employed in epoxide chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Zhongyun Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Shengxiao Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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3
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Dorchies F, Serva A, Crevel D, De Freitas J, Kostopoulos N, Robert M, Sel O, Salanne M, Grimaud A. Controlling the Hydrophilicity of the Electrochemical Interface to Modulate the Oxygen-Atom Transfer in Electrocatalytic Epoxidation Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22734-22746. [PMID: 36468903 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic epoxidation of alkenes at heterogeneous catalysts using water as the sole oxygen source is a promising safe route toward the sustainable synthesis of epoxides, which are essential building blocks in organic chemistry. However, the physicochemical parameters governing the oxygen-atom transfer to the alkene and the impact of the electrolyte structure on the epoxidation reaction are yet to be understood. Here, we study the electrocatalytic epoxidation of cyclooctene at the surface of gold in hybrid organic/aqueous mixtures using acetonitrile (ACN) solvent. Gold was selected, as in ACN/water electrolytes gold oxide is formed by reactivity with water at potentials less anodic than the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). This unique property allows us to demonstrate that a sacrificial mechanism is responsible for cyclooctene epoxidation at metallic gold surfaces, proceeding through cyclooctene activation, while epoxidation at gold oxide shares similar reaction intermediates with the OER and proceeds via the activation of water. More importantly, we show that the hydrophilicity of the electrode/electrolyte interface can be tuned by changing the nature of the supporting salt cation, hence affecting the reaction selectivity. At low overpotential, hydrophilic interfaces formed using strong Lewis acid cations are found to favor gold passivation. Instead, hydrophobic interfaces created by the use of large organic cations favor the oxidation of cyclooctene and the formation of epoxide. Our study directly demonstrates how tuning the hydrophilicity of electrochemical interfaces can improve both the yield and selectivity of anodic reactions at the surface of heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Dorchies
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231Paris Cedex 05, France.,Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Alessandra Serva
- Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005Paris, France
| | - Dorian Crevel
- Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, CNRS, LAMBE, 91025Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | - Jérémy De Freitas
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université de Paris, CNRS, F-75006Paris, France
| | - Nikolaos Kostopoulos
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université de Paris, CNRS, F-75006Paris, France
| | - Marc Robert
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, Université de Paris, CNRS, F-75006Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231Paris, France
| | - Ozlem Sel
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231Paris Cedex 05, France.,Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, PHENIX, F-75005Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231Paris, France
| | - Alexis Grimaud
- Chimie du Solide et de l'Energie, UMR 8260, Collège de France, 75231Paris Cedex 05, France.,Réseau sur le stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), CNRS FR3459, 80039Amiens Cedex, France.,Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts02467, United States
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4
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Lops C, Pengo P, Pasquato L. Highly Efficient Darzens Reactions Mediated by Phosphazene Bases under Mild Conditions. Chemistry 2022; 11:e202200179. [PMID: 36207800 PMCID: PMC9547082 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The highly basic and poorly nucleophilic phosphazene base P1‐t‐Bu promotes the Darzens condensation of α‐halo esters with aromatic aldehydes affording α,β‐epoxy esters in nearly quantitative yields under mild conditions and in short reaction times. The more basic P4‐t‐Bu phosphazene was found useful with low reactivity aldehydes. These reactions can be performed in aprotic organic solvents of low polarity, thus minimizing the hydrolysis of α,β‐epoxy esters which often accompanies the base‐promoted Darzens condensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Lops
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of TriesteVia L. Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly,Aptuit – an Evotec CompanyVia A. Fleming 437135VeronaItaly
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of TriesteVia L. Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
| | - Lucia Pasquato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of TriesteVia L. Giorgieri 134127TriesteItaly
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5
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Ethylbenzene Hydroperoxide: An efficient oxidizing agent for diastereoselective synthesis of Spiroepoxy oxindoles. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Recent Developments in Stereoselective Reactions of Sulfonium Ylides. ORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/org3030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes advances in the literature since the mid-1990s in the area of reactions of sulfonium ylide chemistry, with particular attention paid to stereoselective examples. Although the chemistry of sulfonium ylides was first popularized and applied in a substantial way in the 1960s, there has been sustained interest in the chemistry of sulfonium ylides since then. Many new ways of exploiting sulfonium ylides in productive stereoselective methodologies have emerged, often taking advantage of advances in organocatalysis and transition metal catalysis, to access stereodefined structurally complex motifs. The development of many different chiral sulfides over the last 20–30 years has also played a role in accelerating their study in a variety of reaction settings. In general, formal cycloaddition reactions ([2 + 1] and [4 + 1]) of sulfonium ylides follow a similar mechanistic pathway: initial addition of the nucleophilic ylide carbanion to an electrophile to form a zwitterionic betaine intermediate, followed by cyclization of the zwitterionic intermediate to afford the desired three-membered cyclic product (e.g., epoxide, cyclopropane, or aziridine), five-membered monocyclic (e.g., oxazolidinone), or fused bicyclic product (e.g., benzofuran, indoline).
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7
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Qi L, Li C, Huang Z, Jiang J, Zhu X, Lu X, Ye L. Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Formal [2+1] and [4+1] Annulations of Diynes with Ketones via Carbonyl Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202210637. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202210637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin‐Jun Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering & Institute for Advanced Studies Taizhou University Jiaojiang 318000 Zhejiang China
| | - Cui‐Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zheng‐Qi Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jia‐Tian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin‐Qi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Long‐Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
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8
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Qi LJ, Li CT, Huang ZQ, Jiang JT, Zhu XQ, Lu X, Ye LW. Enantioselective Copper‐Catalyzed Formal [2+1] and [4+1] Annulations of Diynes with Ketones via Carbonyl Ylides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202210637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Jun Qi
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Cui-Ting Li
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Zheng-Qi Huang
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Jia-Tian Jiang
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Xin-Qi Zhu
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Xin Lu
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 361005 Xiamen CHINA
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- Xiamen University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiaxi Building-624 361005 Xiamen CHINA
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9
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Tsoukaki A, Skolia E, Triandafillidi I, Kokotos CG. Organocatalytic Synthesis of Thiiranes from Alkenes. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tsoukaki
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Elpida Skolia
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Ierasia Triandafillidi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis 15771 Athens Greece
| | - Christoforos G. Kokotos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimioupolis 15771 Athens Greece
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10
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Su Y, Yu F, Liu G, Huang Z. Dehydrogenation Based Asymmetric Epoxidation of Arylalkanes to Chiral Epoxides. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiting Su
- Chang‐Kung Chuang Institute East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Feng Yu
- Chang‐Kung Chuang Institute East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
| | - Guixia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Zheng Huang
- Chang‐Kung Chuang Institute East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, , Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub‐lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
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11
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Guan H, Tung CH, Liu L. Methane Monooxygenase Mimic Asymmetric Oxidation: Self-Assembling μ-Hydroxo, Carboxylate-Bridged Diiron(III)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Dehydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5976-5984. [PMID: 35324200 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking naturally occurring metalloenzymes to enrich the diversity of catalytic asymmetric oxidation reactions is a long-standing goal for modern chemistry. Toward this end, a range of methane monooxygenase (MMO) mimic chiral carboxylate-bridged (μ-hydroxo) diiron(III) dimer complexes using salan as basal ligand and sodium aryl carboxylate as additive have been designed and synthesized. The chiral diiron complexes exhibit efficient catalytic reactivity in dehydrogenative kinetic resolution of indolines using environmentally benign hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. In particular, complex C9 bearing sterically encumbered salan ligands and a 2-naphthoate bridge is identified as the optimal catalyst in terms of chiral recognition. Further investigation reveals that this MMO mimic chiral catalyst can be readily generated by self-assembly under the dehydrogenation conditions. The self-assembling catalytic system is applicable to a series of indolines with multiple stereocenters and diverse substituent patterns in high efficiency with a high level of chiral recognition (selectivity factor up to 153). Late-stage dehydrogenative kinetic resolution of bioactive molecules is further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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12
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Yan J, Zhou Z, He Q, Chen G, Wei H, Xie W. The applications of catalytic asymmetric halocyclization in natural product synthesis. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01395e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric halocyclization of olefinic substrate has evolved rapidly and been well utilized as a practical strategy for constructing enantioenriched cyclic skeletons in natural product synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhou
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoqiao He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guzhou Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongbo Wei
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weiqing Xie
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R&D in Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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13
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Wang M, Li M, Zhang L, Song R, Yang D, Lv J. Photocatalytic Redox-Neutral Reaction of γ-Indolyl α-Keto Esters. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01890f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The direct γ-C(sp3)-H activation of saturated α-keto esters has long been an elusive transformation. We found that photo-redox catalysis IrIII in combination with DABCO as dual hydrogen-bonding donor and organic...
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14
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Verma S, Joshi A, De SR, Jat JL. Methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) catalysis in the epoxidation of alkenes: a synthetic overview. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Epoxides are biologically important moiety that is also used as synthetic intermediates. This review aims to present the up-to-date advancements in methyltrioxorhenium (MTO)-catalyzed epoxidation of alkenes using diverse oxidizing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumya Verma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Decision Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
| | - Asha Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand-246174, India
| | - Saroj Ranjan De
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Uttarakhand, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand-246174, India
| | - Jawahar L. Jat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Decision Science, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow, India
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15
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Shibatani A, Kataoka Y, Ura Y. Palladium‐Catalyzed Aerobic α,β‐Dehydrogenation of Carboxylic Acids. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Shibatani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science Faculty of Science Nara Women's University Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506 Japan
| | - Yasutaka Kataoka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science Faculty of Science Nara Women's University Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506 Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Science Faculty of Science Nara Women's University Kitauoyanishi-machi, Nara 630-8506 Japan
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16
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Jeon H, Choi S, Hong S. A mononuclear nonheme manganese(
III
)‐acylperoxo complex: Synthesis, characterization, and reactivity studies. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeri Jeon
- Department of Chemistry Sookmyung Women's University Seoul South Korea
| | - Seoyeon Choi
- Department of Chemistry Sookmyung Women's University Seoul South Korea
| | - Seungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry Sookmyung Women's University Seoul South Korea
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17
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Choo KL, Mirabi B, Demmans KZ, Lautens M. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro-oxiranes: An Asymmetric Addition/Aldol/Spirocyclization Domino Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21189-21194. [PMID: 34324779 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Enantioenriched spiro-oxiranes bearing three contiguous stereocenters were synthesized using a rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric addition/aldol/spirocyclization sequence. Starting from a linear substrate, the cascade enabled the formation of a spirocyclic framework in a single step. sp2 - and sp-hybridized carbon nucleophiles were found to be competent initiators for this cascade, giving arylated or alkynylated products, respectively. Derivatization studies demonstrated the synthetic versatility of both the epoxide and the alkyne moieties of the products. DFT calculations were used to reconcile spectroscopic discrepancies observed between the solution- and solid-state structures of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Loon Choo
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Bijan Mirabi
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Karl Z Demmans
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Mark Lautens
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
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18
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Choo K, Mirabi B, Demmans KZ, Lautens M. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro‐oxiranes: An Asymmetric Addition/Aldol/Spirocyclization Domino Cascade. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ken‐Loon Choo
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Bijan Mirabi
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Karl Z. Demmans
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Mark Lautens
- Davenport Chemical Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto Ontario M5S 3H6 Canada
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19
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Jaszczewska‐Adamczak JA, Mlynarski J. Asymmetric Epoxidation of Enones Promoted by Dinuclear Magnesium Catalyst. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacek Mlynarski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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20
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21
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Jud W, Kappe CO, Cantillo D. One‐pot multistep electrochemical strategy for the modular synthesis of epoxides, glycols, and aldehydes from alkenes. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Jud
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz NAWI Graz Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Graz Austria
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz NAWI Graz Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Graz Austria
| | - David Cantillo
- Institute of Chemistry University of Graz NAWI Graz Graz Austria
- Center for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CCFLOW) Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE) Graz Austria
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22
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Mechanistic investigation on the remote stereocontrol in the chiral Lewis base-catalyzed, SiCl4-promoted kinetic resolution of chlorinated cis-vinyl epoxides. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Chen J, Jiang Z, Fukuzumi S, Nam W, Wang B. Artificial nonheme iron and manganese oxygenases for enantioselective olefin epoxidation and alkane hydroxylation reactions. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Sun C, Qi X, Min XL, Bai XD, Liu P, He Y. Asymmetric allylic substitution-isomerization to axially chiral enamides via hydrogen-bonding assisted central-to-axial chirality transfer. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10119-10126. [PMID: 34094274 PMCID: PMC8162293 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02828b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Axially chiral enamides bearing a N–C axis have been recently studied and were proposed to be valuable chiral building blocks, but a stereoselective synthesis has not been achieved. Here, we report the first enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral enamides via a highly efficient, catalytic approach. In this approach, C(sp2)–N bond formation is achieved through an iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation, and then in situ isomerization of the initial products through an organic base promoted 1,3-H transfer, leading to the enamide products with excellent central-to-axial transfer of chirality. Computational and experimental studies revealed that the 1,3-H transfer occurs via a stepwise deprotonation/re-protonation pathway with a chiral ion-pair intermediate. Hydrogen bonding interactions with the enamide carbonyl play a significant role in promoting both the reactivity and stereospecificity of the stepwise 1,3-H transfer. The mild and operationally simple formal N-vinylation reaction delivered a series of configurationally stable axially chiral enamides with good to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Axially chiral enamides bearing a N–C axis have been recently studied and were proposed to be valuable chiral building blocks, but a stereoselective synthesis has not been achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA
| | - Xiao-Long Min
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Xue-Dan Bai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15260 USA .,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA
| | - Ying He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing 210094 China
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25
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Cui C, Lin H, Pu W, Guo C, Liu Y, Pei XQ, Wu ZL. Asymmetric Epoxidation and Sulfoxidation Catalyzed by a New Styrene Monooxygenase from Bradyrhizobium. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 193:65-78. [PMID: 32808246 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03413-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric epoxidation catalyzed with styrene monooxygenase (SMO) is a powerful enzymatic process producing enantiopure styrene epoxide derivatives. To establish a more diversified reservoir of SMOs, a new SMO from Bradyrhizobium sp. ORS 375, named BrSMO, was mined from the database and characterized. BrSMO was constituted of an epoxygenase component of 415 amino acid residues and an NADH-dependent flavin reductase component of 175 residues. BrSMO catalyzed the epoxidation of styrene and 7 more styrene derivatives, yielding the corresponding (S)-epoxides with excellent enantiomeric excesses (95- > 99% ee), with the highest activity achieved for styrene. BrSMO also catalyzed the asymmetric sulfoxidation of 7 sulfides, producing the corresponding (R)-sulfoxides (20-90% ee) with good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hui Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Wei Pu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chao Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Pei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhong-Liu Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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26
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Vicens L, Olivo G, Costas M. Rational Design of Bioinspired Catalysts for Selective Oxidations. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Vicens
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Giorgio Olivo
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Institut de Quı́mica Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) and Departament de Quı́mica, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17071 Girona, Spain
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawano
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science; Aoyama Gakuin University; 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku 252-5258 Sagamihara Kanagawa Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center; Chubu University; 1200, Matsumoto-cho Kasugai Aichi 487-8501 Japan
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28
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Beaver MG, Shi X, Riedel J, Patel P, Zeng A, Corbett MT, Robinson JA, Parsons AT, Cui S, Baucom K, Lovette MA, Içten E, Brown DB, Allian A, Flick TG, Chen W, Yang N, Walker SD. Continuous Process Improvement in the Manufacture of Carfilzomib, Part 2: An Improved Process for Synthesis of the Epoxyketone Warhead. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Beaver
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Xianqing Shi
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jan Riedel
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Parth Patel
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Alicia Zeng
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Michael T. Corbett
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Jo Anna Robinson
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Andrew T. Parsons
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Sheng Cui
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Kyle Baucom
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Michael A. Lovette
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Elçin Içten
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Derek B. Brown
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Ayman Allian
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Tawnya G. Flick
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Wendy Chen
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, United States
| | - Ning Yang
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Shawn D. Walker
- Process Development, Amgen, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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29
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Cheng QQ, Zhou Z, Jiang H, Siitonen JH, Ess DH, Zhang X, Kürti L. Organocatalytic nitrogen transfer to unactivated olefins via transient oxaziridines. Nat Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-020-0430-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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30
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Yuan WQ, Zhou SQ, Jiang YY, Li HH, Zheng HD. Organocatalyzed styrene epoxidation accelerated by continuous-flow reactor. J Flow Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-019-00065-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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31
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An F, Maji B, Min E, Ofial AR, Mayr H. Basicities and Nucleophilicities of Pyrrolidines and Imidazolidinones Used as Organocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1526-1547. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng An
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Biplab Maji
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Min
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Herbert Mayr
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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32
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Ahadi E, Hosseini-Monfared H, Spieß A, Janiak C. Photocatalytic asymmetric epoxidation of trans-stilbene with manganese–porphyrin/graphene-oxide nanocomposite and molecular oxygen: axial ligand effect. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00441c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, visible light-driven manganese–porphyrin photocatalyst was developed for the asymmetric epoxidation of trans-stilbene by molecular oxygen under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Ahadi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zanjan
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | | | - Alex Spieß
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie
- Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf
- 40204 Düsseldorf
- Germany
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33
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Re RN, Proessdorf JC, La Clair JJ, Subileau M, Burkart MD. Tailoring chemoenzymatic oxidation via in situ peracids. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:9418-9424. [PMID: 31650153 PMCID: PMC7751277 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01814j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Epoxidation chemistry often suffers from the challenging handling of peracids and thus requires in situ preparation. Here, we describe a two-phase enzymatic system that allows the effective generation of peracids and directly translate their activity to the epoxidation of olefins. We demonstrate the approach by application to lipid and olefin epoxidation as well as sulfide oxidation. These methods offer useful applications to synthetic modifications and scalable green processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca N Re
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UC San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0358, USA.
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34
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Lu Q, Harmalkar DS, Choi Y, Lee K. An Overview of Saturated Cyclic Ethers: Biological Profiles and Synthetic Strategies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203778. [PMID: 31640154 PMCID: PMC6833478 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated oxygen heterocycles are widely found in a broad array of natural products and other biologically active molecules. In medicinal chemistry, small and medium rings are also important synthetic intermediates since they can undergo ring-opening and -expansion reactions. These applications have driven numerous studies on the synthesis of oxygen-containing heterocycles and considerable effort has been devoted toward the development of methods for the construction of saturated oxygen heterocycles. This paper provides an overview of the biological roles and synthetic strategies of saturated cyclic ethers, covering some of the most studied and newly discovered related natural products in recent years. This paper also reports several promising and newly developed synthetic methods, emphasizing 3-7 membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qili Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea.
| | - Dipesh S Harmalkar
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea.
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Yongseok Choi
- College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea.
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35
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Tanaka S, Kunisawa T, Yoshii Y, Hattori T. Acylation of Alkenes with the Aid of AlCl3 and 2,6-Dibromopyridine. Org Lett 2019; 21:8509-8513. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Tanaka
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Environment Conservation Center, Tohoku University, 6-6-04 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Kunisawa
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yuji Yoshii
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Hattori
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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36
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Rauch MCR, Tieves F, Paul CE, Arends IWCE, Alcalde M, Hollmann F. Peroxygenase-Catalysed Epoxidation of Styrene Derivatives in Neat Reaction Media. ChemCatChem 2019; 11:4519-4523. [PMID: 31762830 PMCID: PMC6853256 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalytic oxyfunctionalisation reactions are traditionally conducted in aqueous media limiting their production yield. Here we report the application of a peroxygenase in neat reaction conditions reaching product concentrations of up to 360 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine C. R. Rauch
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZThe Netherlands
| | - Florian Tieves
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZThe Netherlands
| | - Caroline E. Paul
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZThe Netherlands
| | | | - Miguel Alcalde
- Department of BiocatalysisInstitute of Catalysis, CSIC28049MadridSpain
| | - Frank Hollmann
- Department of BiotechnologyDelft University of TechnologyDelft2629HZThe Netherlands
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37
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Cui C, Guo C, Lin H, Ding ZY, Liu Y, Wu ZL. Functional characterization of an (R)-selective styrene monooxygenase from streptomyces sp. NRRL S-31. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 132:109391. [PMID: 31731956 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Styrene monooxygenases (SMOs) are two-component enzymes known to catalyze the epoxidation of styrene to (S)-styrene oxide. In this work, we identified a new oxygenase component, named StStyA, from the genome of Streptomyces sp. NRRL S-31. StStyA displayed complementary stereoselectivity to all of the known SMOs when coupled with a known reductase component (PsStyB), which made it the first natural SMO that produces (R)-styrene oxide. Accordingly, a plasmid co-expressing StStyA and PsStyB was constructed, which led to an artificial two-component SMO, named StStyA/B. When applied in the bio-epoxidation of nine aromatic alkenes, the enzyme showed activity toward five alkenes, and consistently displayed (R)-selectivity. Excellent stereoselectivity was achieved for all five substrates with enantiomeric excesses ranging from 91% to >99%ee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhao-Yun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhong-Liu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, China.
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38
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Ghosh A, Brueckner AC, Cheong PHY, Carter RG. Second-Generation Synthesis of the Northern Fragment of Mandelalide A: Role of π-Stacking on Sharpless Dihydroxylation of cis-Enynes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:9196-9214. [PMID: 31264876 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of a π-stacking-based approach for increased stereoselectivity in Sharpless asymmetric and diastereomeric dihydroxylation of cis-enynes is disclosed. The use of neighboring, electron-rich benzoate esters proved key to the success of this process. Density functional theory study suggests that the substrate benzoate ester group rigidifies the dihydroxylation transition states by forming a favorable π-stacking interaction in both Major-TS and Minor-TS. The energetic preference for the Major-TS was found in part because of the favorable eclipsing conformation of the alkene substituent as opposed to the disfavored bisecting conformation found in the Minor-TS. The application to a second-generation synthesis of the C15-C24 northern portion of mandelalide A is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankan Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Alexander C Brueckner
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Paul Ha-Yeon Cheong
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Rich G Carter
- Department of Chemistry , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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39
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Johnson SL, Hilinski MK. Organocatalytic Olefin Aziridination via Iminium-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer: Scope, Limitations, and Mechanistic Insight. J Org Chem 2019; 84:8589-8595. [PMID: 31173691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Olefin aziridination via organocatalytic nitrene transfer offers potential complementarity to metal-catalyzed methods; however there is a lack of reports of such reactions in the literature. Herein is reported a method that employs an iminium salt to catalyze the aziridination of styrenes by [ N-( p-toluenesulfonyl)imino]phenyliodinane (PhINTs). These reactions are hypothesized to proceed via a diaziridinium salt as the active oxidant. In addition to outlining the scope and limitations of the method, evidence for a polar, stepwise mechanism is presented, which provides new insight into the nature of iminium catalysis of nitrene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shea L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
| | - Michael K Hilinski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
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40
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Rapi Z, Nemcsok T, Bagi P, Keglevich G, Bakó P. Synthesis of chiral crown ethers derived from d-galactose and their application in enantioselective reactions. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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41
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Clarasó C, Vicens L, Polo A, Costas M. Enantioselective Epoxidation of β,β-Disubstituted Enamides with a Manganese Catalyst and Aqueous Hydrogen Peroxide. Org Lett 2019; 21:2430-2435. [PMID: 30883137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective epoxidation of β,β-disubstituted enamides with aqueous hydrogen peroxide and a novel manganese catalyst is described. Epoxidation is stereospecific and proceeds fast under mild conditions. Amides are disclosed as key functional groups to enable high enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlota Clarasó
- Department de Química , Universitat de Girona . Campus de Montilivi, E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain.,Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Universitat de Girona , E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Laia Vicens
- Department de Química , Universitat de Girona . Campus de Montilivi, E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain.,Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Universitat de Girona , E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Alfonso Polo
- Department de Química , Universitat de Girona . Campus de Montilivi, E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Miquel Costas
- Department de Química , Universitat de Girona . Campus de Montilivi, E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain.,Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi (IQCC) , Universitat de Girona , E-17003 Girona , Catalonia , Spain
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42
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Sawano T, Yamamoto H. Enantioselective Epoxidation of β,γ-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids by a Cooperative Binuclear Titanium Complex. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawano
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center, Chubu University, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamamoto
- Molecular Catalyst Research Center, Chubu University, 1200, Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
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43
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Gupta AK, Yin X, Mukherjee M, Desai AA, Mohammadlou A, Jurewicz K, Wulff WD. Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Aldehydes with Two VANOL-Derived Chiral Borate Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3361-3367. [PMID: 30556933 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A highly diastereo- and enantioselective method for the epoxidation of aldehydes with α-diazoacetamides has been developed with two different borate ester catalysts of VANOL. Both catalytic systems are general for aromatic, aliphatic, and acetylenic aldehydes, giving high yields and inductions for nearly all cases. One borate ester catalyst has two molecules of VANOL and the other only one VANOL. Catalysts generated from BINOL and VAPOL are ineffective catalysts. An application is shown for access to the side-chain of taxol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Xiaopeng Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Munmun Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Aman A Desai
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Aliakbar Mohammadlou
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Kelsee Jurewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - William D Wulff
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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44
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Reyes-Rodríguez GJ, Rezayee NM, Vidal-Albalat A, Jørgensen KA. Prevalence of Diarylprolinol Silyl Ethers as Catalysts in Total Synthesis and Patents. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4221-4260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nomaan M. Rezayee
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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45
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Gupta AK, Yin X, Mukherjee M, Desai AA, Mohammadlou A, Jurewicz K, Wulff WD. Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Aldehydes with Two VANOL-Derived Chiral Borate Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anil K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Yin
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Munmun Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - Aman A. Desai
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | | | - Kelsee Jurewicz
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
| | - William D. Wulff
- Department of Chemistry; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI 48824 USA
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46
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Takeda S, Hayashi S, Noji M, Takanami T. Chiroptical Protocol for the Absolute Configurational Assignment of Alkyl-Substituted Epoxides Using Bis(zinc porphyrin) as a CD-Sensitive Bidentate Host. J Org Chem 2018; 84:645-652. [PMID: 30547578 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The absolute configurations of simple alkyl-substituted chiral epoxides not bearing other ligating groups are readily determined via the exciton-coupled circular dichroism (ECCD) protocol using bidentate bis(zinc porphyrin) host system BP1 as a CD-sensitive chirality probe. In this situation, chiral epoxides can successfully be incorporated into the cleft of V-shaped host BP1 by double coordination of both oxygen lone pairs of the guest to the two central zinc ions of the host. We also propose a working model based on an MM2 optimized structure of the substrates that enables nonempirical prediction of the chirality of the bound epoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Takeda
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University , 2-522-1 Noshio , Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Hayashi
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University , 2-522-1 Noshio , Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588 , Japan
| | - Masahiro Noji
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University , 2-522-1 Noshio , Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588 , Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Takanami
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University , 2-522-1 Noshio , Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588 , Japan
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47
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Luo K, Zhao Y, Zhang J, He J, Huang R, Yan S, Lin J, Jin Y. Enantioselective Epoxypyrrolidines via a Tandem Cycloaddition/Autoxidation in Air and Mechanistic Studies. Org Lett 2018; 21:423-427. [PMID: 30588819 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A tandem cycloaddition/autoxidation reaction between heterocyclic ketene aminals and diazoester in air is described for the enantioselective preparation of epoxypyrrolidines. Notably, the results of mechanistic studies suggest that epoxide was oxidized from an sp3 C-C single bond, which is of mechanistic and practical interest as this protocol may be suitable for constructing other bioactive heterocyclic epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixiu Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Yongqiang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Jia He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Rong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Shengjiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Jun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology , Yunnan University , Kunming 650091 , P. R. China
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48
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Xiang Y, Fan X, Cai PJ, Yu ZX. Understanding Regioselectivities of Corey-Chaykovsky Reactions of Dimethylsulfoxonium Methylide (DMSOM) and Dimethylsulfonium Methylide (DMSM) toward Enones: A DFT Study. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; 100871 Beijing China
| | - Xing Fan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; 100871 Beijing China
| | - Pei-Jun Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; 100871 Beijing China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS); Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry; Peking University; 100871 Beijing China
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49
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Li JL, Dai QS, Yang KC, Liu Y, Zhang X, Leng HJ, Peng C, Huang W, Li QZ. Construction of Azepino[2,3-b]indole Core via Sulfur Ylide Mediated Annulations. Org Lett 2018; 20:7628-7632. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Qing-Song Dai
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Kai-Chuan Yang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Hai-Jun Leng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qing-Zhu Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610052, China
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50
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Blanc A, Perrin DM. Synthesis of 3a-hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3-B]Indole-2-carboxamide, an oxidation product of tryptophan present in natural products. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Blanc
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver V6T 1Z1 Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Department of Chemistry; University of British Columbia; Vancouver V6T 1Z1 Canada
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