1
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Hirokane T, Kariya T, Takata M, Matsumoto K, Yoshida M. Gold-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Ring-Opening Reaction of 2-Alkynylazetidines with Alcohols. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12455-12459. [PMID: 36037511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-alkynylazetidines and alcohols with a gold catalyst is described. A variety of substituted δ-amino-α,β-unsaturated ketones were synthesized via gold-promoted nucleophilic attack of alcohols followed by ring-opening of azetidine ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Hirokane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Touya Kariya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Misa Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Nishihamabouji, Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
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2
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Mu BS, Cui XY, Zeng XP, Yu JS, Zhou J. Modular synthesis of chiral 1,2-dihydropyridines via Mannich/Wittig/cycloisomerization sequence that internally reuses waste. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2219. [PMID: 33833227 PMCID: PMC8032725 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22374-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
1,2-Dihydropyridines are valuable and reactive synthons, and particularly useful precursors to synthesize piperidines and pyridines that are among the most common structural components of pharmaceuticals. However, the catalytic enantioselective synthesis of structurally diverse 1,2-dihydropyridines is limited to enantioselective addition of nucleophiles to activated pyridines. Here, we report a modular organocatalytic Mannich/Wittig/cycloisomerization sequence as a flexible strategy to access chiral 1,2-dihydropyridines from N-Boc aldimines, aldehydes, and phosphoranes, using a chiral amine catalyst. The key step in this protocol, cycloisomerization of chiral N-Boc δ-amino α,β-unsaturated ketones recycles the waste to improve the yield. Specifically, recycling by-product water from imine formation to gradually release the true catalyst HCl via hydrolysis of SiCl4, whilst maintaining a low concentration of HCl to suppress side reactions, and reusing waste Ph3PO from the Wittig step to modulate the acidity of HCl. This approach allows facile access to enantioenriched 2-substituted, 2,3- or 2,6-cis-disubstituted, and 2,3,6-cis-trisubstituted piperidines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Shuai Mu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Cui
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xing-Ping Zeng
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jin-Sheng Yu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, China.
| | - Jian Zhou
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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3
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Hu J, Fei Y, Zhao H, Wang Z, Li C, Li J. Cascade cyclization and acyl migration of propargylic esters with isocyanides: rapid access to substituted furans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8394-8397. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03550h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel rearrangement of ester-activated propargylic acetate with isocyanide has been disclosed. This protocol enables a quick synthesis of polysubstituted furan derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Youwen Fei
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Zhishuang Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
| | - Chunju Li
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic–Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry
- Ministry of Education
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules
- College of Chemistry
- Tianjin Normal University
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
- College of Sciences & Institute for Sustainable Energy
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
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4
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Akhtar R, Naqvi SAR, Zahoor AF, Saleem S. Nucleophilic ring opening reactions of aziridines. Mol Divers 2018; 22:447-501. [PMID: 29728870 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aziridine ring opening reactions have gained tremendous importance in the synthesis of nitrogen containing biologically active molecules. During recent years, a great effort has been put forward by scientists toward unique bond construction methodologies via ring opening of aziridines. In this regard, a wide range of chiral metal- and organo-catalyzed desymmetrization reactions of aziridines have been reported with carbon, sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, halogen, and other nucleophiles. In this review, an outline of methodologies adopted by a number of scientists during 2013-2017 for aziridine ring opening reactions as well as their synthetic applications is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ali Raza Naqvi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sameera Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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5
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Huang Z, Zhang WX, Xi Z. Lewis Acid-Promoted Ring-Contraction of 2,4,6,8-Tetrasubstituted 1,5-Diazacyclooctatetraenes to 2,4,6-Trisubstituted Pyridines. Org Lett 2018; 20:485-488. [PMID: 29303274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b03917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ring-contraction of 2,4,6,8-tetrasubstituted 1,5-diazacyclooctatetraenes was highly efficiently promoted by Lewis acid such as TiCl4, affording 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridines in excellent yields, along with release of a nitrile. A reaction mechanism involving a 6π electrocyclic ring-closing followed by a retro [2 + 2] cyclization of an 1-azetine moiety was supported by both experimental observations and density functional theory calculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhenfeng Xi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, CAS , Shanghai 200032, China
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6
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Xiang JC, Cheng Y, Wang ZX, Ma JT, Wang M, Tang BC, Wu YD, Wu AX. Oxidative Trimerization of Amino Acids: Selective Synthesis of 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyridines. Org Lett 2017; 19:2997-3000. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Chen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Tian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Miao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Cheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Dong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - An-Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Hubei, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
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7
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Mao ZY, Liao XY, Wang HS, Wang CG, Huang KB, Pan YM. Acid-catalyzed tandem reaction for the synthesis of pyridine derivatives via CC/C(sp3)–N bond cleavage of enones and primary amines. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00780a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
2,4,6-Trisubstituted pyridines can be generated from an acid-catalyzed tandem reaction via CC/C(sp3)–N bond cleavage of enones and primary amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yun Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Gu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ming Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guangxi Normal University
- Guilin 541004
- People's Republic of China
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8
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Vignesh A, Bhuvanesh NSP, Dharmaraj N. Conversion of Arylboronic Acids to Tetrazoles Catalyzed by ONO Pincer-Type Palladium Complex. J Org Chem 2016; 82:887-892. [PMID: 27935305 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A convenient synthesis of a library of tetrazoles through a novel and operationally simple protocol effecting the direct conversion of arylboronic acids catalyzed by a new ONO pincer-type Pd(II) complex under mild reaction conditions using the readily available reagents is reported. The palladium complex was reused up to four cycles in an open-flask condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arumugam Vignesh
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Nattamai S P Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University , College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Nallasamy Dharmaraj
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University , Coimbatore 641 046, India
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9
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Fu Y, Wang P, Guo X, Wu P, Meng X, Chen B. Synthesis of Polyfunctional Pyridines via Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2016; 81:11671-11677. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Fu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of
Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of
Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of
Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of
Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Meng
- State
Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Suzhou Research
Institute of LICP, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baohua Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and Key Laboratory of
Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Wan JP, Jing Y, Hu C, Sheng S. Metal-Free Synthesis of Fully Substituted Pyridines via Ring Construction Based on the Domino Reactions of Enaminones and Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2016; 81:6826-31. [PMID: 27367181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b01149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An unprecedented domino reaction involving primary enaminones/enaminoesters and aldehydes has been developed for the synthesis of fully substituted pyridines. The construction of the products has been accomplished via the cascade generation of two C-C and one C-N bond by simply using TfOH as a promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Ping Wan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Yanfeng Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
| | - Changfeng Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P. R. China
| | - Shouri Sheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University , Nanchang 330022, P. R. China
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11
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Zhao MN, Ren ZH, Yu L, Wang YY, Guan ZH. Iron-Catalyzed Cyclization of Ketoxime Carboxylates and Tertiary Anilines for the Synthesis of Pyridines. Org Lett 2016; 18:1194-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hui Ren
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Le Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Yao-Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hui Guan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, P. R. China
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12
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Shu K, Shao J, Li H, Chen B, Tang P, Liu X, Chen W, Yu Y. Base-mediated synthesis of highly functionalized 2-aminonicotinonitriles from α-keto vinyl azides and α,α-dicyanoalkenes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra04669j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel access to highly functionalized 2-aminonicotinonitriles via efficient annulations of α-keto vinyl azides and α,α-dicyanoalkenes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaan Shao
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Hong Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Binhui Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Pai Tang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Wenteng Chen
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
| | - Yongping Yu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research
- College of Pharmaceutical Science
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- P. R. China
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13
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Cheng G, Weng Y, Yang X, Cui X. Base-Promoted N-Pyridylation of Heteroarenes Using N-Propargyl Enaminones as Equivalents of Pyridine Scaffolds. Org Lett 2015. [PMID: 26200227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
N-Pyridylation of various N-heteroarenes, including N-heteroarene-containing peptides, was achieved using N-propargyl enaminones (isolated or generated in situ from propargyl amine and propynones) as masked polysubstituted pyridine cores. This metal-free procedure proceeds under mild reaction conditions and generates 1 equiv of H2O as the sole byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Cheng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yunxiang Weng
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xifa Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiuling Cui
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Xiamen Marine and Gene Drugs, Institutes of Molecular Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
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14
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Rieckhoff S, Hellmuth T, Peters R. Regioselective Pd-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,3,6-Trisubstituted Pyridines from Isoxazolinones. J Org Chem 2015; 80:6822-30. [PMID: 26101943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Substituted pyridines are prevalent heterocycles of fundamental importance. Their efficient regioselective preparation is often still a challenge despite a large number of reported synthetic methodologies. In this letter we report an operationally simple approach that makes use of readily accessible isoxazolinones. The protocol involves a Pd(II)-catalyzed C-regioselective 1,4-addition to vinylketones, followed by a Pd(0)-catalyzed transformation, which is assumed to proceed via vinylnitrene-Pd intermediates. Both hydrogen and air are necessary for the pyridine formation step and could be employed at ratios above the upper explosive limit thus avoiding a safety issue. This new strategy allows an effective, scalable and practical access to various previously unknown 2,3,6-trisubstituted pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Rieckhoff
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tina Hellmuth
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - René Peters
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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15
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Lapinsky DJ. Three-Membered Ring Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-100024-3.00003-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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