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Parmar A, Lakshminarayanan R, Iyer A, Goh ETL, To TY, Yam JKH, Yang L, Newire E, Robertson MC, Prior SH, Breukink E, Madder A, Singh I. Development of teixobactin analogues containing hydrophobic, non-proteogenic amino acids that are highly potent against multidrug-resistant bacteria and biofilms. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115853. [PMID: 37857144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Teixobactin is a cyclic undecadepsipeptide that has shown excellent potency against multidrug-resistant pathogens, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE). In this article, we present the design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluations of 16 different teixobactin analogues. These simplified analogues contain commercially available hydrophobic, non-proteogenic amino acid residues instead of synthetically challenging expensive L-allo-enduracididine amino acid residue at position 10 together with different combinations of arginines at positions 3, 4 and 9. The new teixobactin analogues showed potent antibacterial activity against a broad panel of Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA and VRE strains. Our work also presents the first demonstration of the potent antibiofilm activity of teixobactin analogoues against Staphylococcus species associated with serious chronic infections. Our results suggest that the use of hydrophobic, non-proteogenic amino acids at position 10 in combination with arginine at positions 3, 4 and 9 holds the key to synthesising a new generation of highly potent teixobactin analogues to tackle resistant bacterial infections and biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Parmar
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Antimicrobial Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, 20 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Abhishek Iyer
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4), B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eunice Tze Leng Goh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, 20 College Road, 169857, Singapore
| | - Tsz Ying To
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Antimicrobial Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Joey Kuok Hoong Yam
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore
| | - Liang Yang
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE), Nanyang Technological University, 637551, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Division of Structural Biology and Biochemistry, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Enas Newire
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Antimicrobial Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Maria C Robertson
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Antimicrobial Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK
| | - Stephen H Prior
- School of Chemistry, Joseph Banks Laboratories, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, United Kingdom
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Biomembranes, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584, CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S4), B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Antimicrobial Pharmacodynamics and Therapeutics, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby St, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK; Antimicrobial Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Chemistry, The Robert Robinson Laboratories, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK.
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Zhang L, Hu C, Sun M, Ding X, Cheng HB, Duan S, Xu FJ. BODIPY-Functionalized Natural Polymer Coatings for Multimodal Therapy of Drug-Resistant Bacterial Infection. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300328. [PMID: 36935367 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The fact that multidrug resistance (MDR) could induce medical device-related infections, along with the invalidation of traditional antibiotics has become an intractable global medical issue. Therefore, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies of antibacterial functionalization of medical devices. For this purpose, a multimodal antibacterial coating that combines photothermal and photodynamic therapies (PTT/PDT) is developed here based on novel heavy atom-free photosensitizer compound, BDP-6 (a kind of boron-dipyrromethene). The photothermal conversion efficiency of BDP-6 is of 55.9%, which could improve biocompatibility during PTT/PDT process by reducing the exciting light power density. Furthermore, BDP-6, together with oxidized hyaluronic acid, is crosslinked with a natural polymer, gelatin, to fabricate a uniform coating (denoted as polyurethane (PU)-GHB) on the surface of polyurethane. PU-GHB has excellent synergistic in vitro PTT/PDT antibacterial performance against both susceptible bacteria and MDR bacteria. The antibacterial mechanisms are revealed as that hyperthermia could reduce the bacterial activity and enhance the permeability of inner membrane to reactive oxygen species by disturbing cell membrane. Meanwhile, in an infected abdominal wall hernia model, the notable anti-infection performance, good in vivo compatibility, and photoacoustic imaging property of PU-GHB are verified. A promising strategy of developing multifunctional antibacterial coatings on implanted medical devices is provided here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chenyan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Meizhou Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaokang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hong-Bo Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shun Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Fu-Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100029, China
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Wirtz DA, Ludwig KC, Arts M, Marx CE, Krannich S, Barac P, Kehraus S, Josten M, Henrichfreise B, Müller A, König GM, Peoples AJ, Nitti A, Spoering AL, Ling LL, Lewis K, Crüsemann M, Schneider T. Biosynthesis and Mechanism of Action of the Cell Wall Targeting Antibiotic Hypeptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A. Wirtz
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Kevin C. Ludwig
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
- DZIF German Center for Infectious Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne Germany
| | - Melina Arts
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Carina E. Marx
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Sebastian Krannich
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Paul Barac
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Kehraus
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Michaele Josten
- DZIF German Center for Infectious Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne Germany
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology University Hospital Bonn Venusberg Campus 1 53127 Bonn Germany
| | - Beate Henrichfreise
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Anna Müller
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Gabriele M. König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 53115 Bonn Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Kim Lewis
- Department of Biology Antimicrobial Discovery Center Northeastern University Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Max Crüsemann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology University of Bonn Nussallee 6 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Tanja Schneider
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology University of Bonn University Clinic Bonn Meckenheimer Allee 168 53115 Bonn Germany
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4
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Wirtz DA, Ludwig KC, Arts M, Marx CE, Krannich S, Barac P, Kehraus S, Josten M, Henrichfreise B, Müller A, König GM, Peoples AJ, Nitti A, Spoering AL, Ling LL, Lewis K, Crüsemann M, Schneider T. Biosynthesis and Mechanism of Action of the Cell Wall Targeting Antibiotic Hypeptin. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13579-13586. [PMID: 33768646 PMCID: PMC8252469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypeptin is a cyclodepsipeptide antibiotic produced by Lysobacter sp. K5869, isolated from an environmental sample by the iChip technology, dedicated to the cultivation of previously uncultured microorganisms. Hypeptin shares structural features with teixobactin and exhibits potent activity against a broad spectrum of gram‐positive pathogens. Using comprehensive in vivo and in vitro analyses, we show that hypeptin blocks bacterial cell wall biosynthesis by binding to multiple undecaprenyl pyrophosphate‐containing biosynthesis intermediates, forming a stoichiometric 2:1 complex. Resistance to hypeptin did not readily develop in vitro. Analysis of the hypeptin biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) supported a model for the synthesis of the octapeptide. Within the BGC, two hydroxylases were identified and characterized, responsible for the stereoselective β‐hydroxylation of four building blocks when bound to peptidyl carrier proteins. In vitro hydroxylation assays corroborate the biosynthetic hypothesis and lead to the proposal of a refined structure for hypeptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Wirtz
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kevin C Ludwig
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany.,DZIF, German Center for Infectious Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany
| | - Melina Arts
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carina E Marx
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krannich
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Paul Barac
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Kehraus
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michaele Josten
- DZIF, German Center for Infectious Research, partner site Bonn-Cologne, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Beate Henrichfreise
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Müller
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele M König
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Anthony Nitti
- NovoBiotic Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | | | - Losee L Ling
- NovoBiotic Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Kim Lewis
- Department of Biology, Antimicrobial Discovery Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Max Crüsemann
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Bonn, Nussallee 6, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tanja Schneider
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University of Bonn, University Clinic Bonn, Meckenheimer Allee 168, 53115, Bonn, Germany
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5
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Upert G, Luther A, Obrecht D, Ermert P. Emerging peptide antibiotics with therapeutic potential. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 9:100078. [PMID: 33398258 PMCID: PMC7773004 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This review covers some of the recent progress in the field of peptide antibiotics with a focus on compounds with novel or established mode of action and with demonstrated efficacy in animal infection models. Novel drug discovery approaches, linear and macrocyclic peptide antibiotics, lipopeptides like the polymyxins as well as peptides addressing targets located in the plasma membrane or in the outer membrane of bacterial cells are discussed.
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Key Words
- ADMET, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion – toxicity in pharmacokinetics
- AMP, antimicrobial peptide
- AMR, antimicrobial resistance
- ATCC, ATCC cell collection
- Antibiotic
- BAM, β-barrel assembly machinery
- CC50, cytotoxic concentration to kill 50% of cells
- CD, circular dichroism
- CFU, colony forming unit
- CLSI, clinical and laboratory standards institute
- CMS, colistin methane sulfonate
- DMPC, 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- ESKAPE, acronym encompassing six bacterial pathogens (often carrying antibiotic resistance): Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp
- FDA, U. S. Food and Drug Administration
- HABP, hospital acquired bacterial pneumonia
- HDP, host-defense peptide
- HEK293, human embryonic kidney 293 cells
- HK-2, human kidney 2 cells (proximal tubular cell line)
- HepG2, human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
- Hpg, 4-hydroxy-phenyl glycine
- ITC, isothermal titration calorimetry
- KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae metallo-β-lactamase C resistant
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- LptA, lipopolysaccharide transport protein A
- LptC, lipopolysaccharide transport protein C
- LptD, lipopolysaccharide transport protein D
- MDR, multidrug-resistant
- MH-I, Müller-Hinton broth I
- MH-II, Müller-Hinton broth II (cation adjusted)
- MIC, minimal inhibitory concentration
- MRSA, methicilline-resistant S. aureus
- MSSA, methicilline-sensitive S. aureus
- MoA, mechanism (mode) of action
- NDM-1, New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase resistant
- NOAEL, no adverse effect level
- ODL, odilorhabdin
- OMPTA (outer membrane targeting antibiotic)
- OMPTA, outer membrane targeting antibiotic
- Omp, outer membrane protein
- PBMC, peripheral mononuclear blood cell
- PBP, penicillin-binding protein
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PK, pharmacokinetics
- POPC, 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
- POPG, 2-oleoyl-1-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1-glycerol)
- PrAMPs, polyproline antimicrobial peptides
- RBC, red blood cell
- SAR, structure-activity relationship
- SPR, surface plasmon resonance
- SPase I, signal peptidase I
- VABP, ventilator associated bacterial pneumonia
- VIM-1, beta-lactamase 2 (K. pneumoniae)
- VISA, vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus
- VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus
- WHO, World Health Organization
- WT, wild type
- WTA, wall teichoic acid
- XDR, extremely drug-resistant
- antimicrobial peptide
- antimicrobial resistance
- bid, bis in die (two times a day)
- i.p., intraperitoneal
- i.v., intravenous
- lipopeptide
- mITT population, minimal intend-to-treat population
- peptide antibiotic
- s.c., subcutaneous
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Upert
- Polyphor Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 125, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Anatol Luther
- Bachem AG, Hauptstrasse 114, 4416 Bubendorf, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Obrecht
- Polyphor Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 125, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Ermert
- Polyphor Ltd, Hegenheimermattweg 125, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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Gunjal VB, Thakare R, Chopra S, Reddy DS. Teixobactin: A Paving Stone toward a New Class of Antibiotics? J Med Chem 2020; 63:12171-12195. [PMID: 32520557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a serious threat to human health worldwide, prompting research efforts on a massive scale in search of novel antibiotics to fill an urgent need for a remedy. Teixobactin, a macrocyclic depsipeptide natural product, isolated from uncultured bacteria (Eleftheria terrae), displayed potent activity against several Gram-positive pathogenic bacteria. The distinct pharmacological profile and interesting structural features of teixobactin with nonstandard amino acid (three d-amino acids and l-allo-enduracididine) residues attracted several research groups to work on this target molecule in search of novel antibiotics with new mechanism. Herein, we present a comprehensive and critical perspective on immense possibilities offered by teixobactin in the domain of drug discovery. Efforts made by various research groups since its isolation are discussed, highlighting the molecule's considerable potential with special emphasis on replacement of amino acids. Critical analysis of synthetic efforts, SAR studies, and the way forward are provided hereunder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya B Gunjal
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ritesh Thakare
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sidharth Chopra
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.,CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Janakipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D Srinivasa Reddy
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Sui X, Huang G, Ezzat N, Yuan Y. A concise and scalable synthesis of a novel l-allo-enduracididine derivative. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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The Killing Mechanism of Teixobactin against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an Untargeted Metabolomics Study. mSystems 2020; 5:5/3/e00077-20. [PMID: 32457238 PMCID: PMC7253363 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00077-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats to the global health system. It is imperative that new anti-infective therapeutics be developed against problematic “superbugs.” The cyclic depsipeptide teixobactin holds much promise as a new class of antibiotics for highly resistant Gram-positive pathogens (e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]). Understanding its molecular mechanism(s) of action could lead to the design of new compounds with a broader activity spectrum. Here, we describe the first metabolomics study to investigate the killing mechanism(s) of teixobactin against MRSA. Our findings revealed that teixobactin significantly disorganized the bacterial cell envelope, as reflected by a profound perturbation in the bacterial membrane lipids and cell wall biosynthesis (peptidoglycan and teichoic acid). Importantly, teixobactin significantly suppressed the main intermediate d-alanyl-d-lactate involved in the mechanism of vancomycin resistance in S. aureus. These novel results help explain the unique mechanism of action of teixobactin and its lack of cross-resistance with vancomycin. Antibiotics have served humankind through their use in modern medicine as effective treatments for otherwise fatal bacterial infections. Teixobactin is a first member of newly discovered natural antibiotics that was recently identified from a hitherto-unculturable soil bacterium, Eleftheria terrae, and recognized as a potent antibacterial agent against various Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The most distinctive characteristic of teixobactin as an effective antibiotic is that teixobactin resistance could not be evolved in a laboratory setting. It is purported that teixobactin’s “resistance-resistant” mechanism of action includes binding to the essential bacterial cell wall synthesis building blocks lipid II and lipid III. In the present study, metabolomics was used to investigate the potential metabolic pathways involved in the mechanisms of antibacterial activity of the synthetic teixobactin analogue Leu10-teixobactin against a MRSA strain, S. aureus ATCC 700699. The metabolomes of S. aureus ATCC 700699 cells 1, 3, and 6 h following treatment with Leu10-teixobactin (0.5 μg/ml, i.e., 0.5× MIC) were compared to those of the untreated controls. Leu10-teixobactin significantly perturbed bacterial membrane lipids (glycerophospholipids and fatty acids), peptidoglycan (lipid I and II) metabolism, and cell wall teichoic acid (lipid III) biosynthesis as early as after 1 h of treatment, reflecting an initial activity on the cell envelope. Concordant with its time-dependent antibacterial killing action, Leu10-teixobactin caused more perturbations in the levels of key intermediates in pathways of amino-sugar and nucleotide-sugar metabolism and their downstream peptidoglycan and teichoic acid biosynthesis at 3 and 6 h. Significant perturbations in arginine metabolism and the interrelated tricarboxylic acid cycle, histidine metabolism, pantothenate, and coenzyme A biosynthesis were also observed at 3 and 6 h. To conclude, this is the first study to provide novel metabolomics mechanistic information, which lends support to the development of teixobactin as an antibacterial drug for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive infections. IMPORTANCE Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats to the global health system. It is imperative that new anti-infective therapeutics be developed against problematic “superbugs.” The cyclic depsipeptide teixobactin holds much promise as a new class of antibiotics for highly resistant Gram-positive pathogens (e.g., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA]). Understanding its molecular mechanism(s) of action could lead to the design of new compounds with a broader activity spectrum. Here, we describe the first metabolomics study to investigate the killing mechanism(s) of teixobactin against MRSA. Our findings revealed that teixobactin significantly disorganized the bacterial cell envelope, as reflected by a profound perturbation in the bacterial membrane lipids and cell wall biosynthesis (peptidoglycan and teichoic acid). Importantly, teixobactin significantly suppressed the main intermediate d-alanyl-d-lactate involved in the mechanism of vancomycin resistance in S. aureus. These novel results help explain the unique mechanism of action of teixobactin and its lack of cross-resistance with vancomycin.
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9
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Karas JA, Chen F, Schneider-Futschik EK, Kang Z, Hussein M, Swarbrick J, Hoyer D, Giltrap AM, Payne RJ, Li J, Velkov T. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of teixobactin. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1459:86-105. [PMID: 31792983 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of antibiotics has led to the effective treatment of bacterial infections that were otherwise fatal and has had a transformative effect on modern medicine. Teixobactin is an unusual depsipeptide natural product that was recently discovered from a previously unculturable soil bacterium and found to possess potent antibacterial activity against several Gram positive pathogens, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. One of the key features of teixobactin as an antibiotic lead is that resistance could not be generated in a laboratory setting. This is proposed to be a result of a mechanism of action that involves binding to essential cell wall synthesis building blocks, lipid II and lipid III. Since the initial isolation report in 2015, significant efforts have been made to understand its unique mechanism of action, develop efficient synthetic routes for its production, and thus enable the generation of analogues for structure-activity relationship studies and optimization of its pharmacological properties. Our review provides a comprehensive treatise on the progress in understanding teixobactin chemistry, structure-activity relationships, and mechanisms of antibacterial activity. Teixobactin represents an exciting starting point for the development of new antibiotics that can be used to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial ("superbug") infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Karas
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elena K Schneider-Futschik
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zhisen Kang
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maytham Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Swarbrick
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel Hoyer
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular Medicine, the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Andrew M Giltrap
- School of Chemistry, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, the University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, the University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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10
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11
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Gao B, Chen S, Hou YN, Zhao YJ, Ye T, Xu Z. Solution-phase total synthesis of teixobactin. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:1141-1153. [PMID: 30638238 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02803f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The first solution-phase total synthesis of the cyclic depsipeptide teixobactin is described. Stereoselective construction of l-allo-enduracididine was established, and the protective groups for the peptide coupling reactions and conditions for the assembly of the fragments were also optimised. The longest linear sequence for the total synthesis was 20 steps from the known l-cis-4-hydroxyproline derivative and gave a 5.6% overall yield. This solution-phase total synthesis could serve as a complement to the current solid-phase synthesis of teixobactin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, and Engineering Laboratory for Chiral Drug Synthesis, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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12
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Wen PC, Vanegas JM, Rempe SB, Tajkhorshid E. Probing key elements of teixobactin-lipid II interactions in membranes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6997-7008. [PMID: 30210775 PMCID: PMC6124899 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02616e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Two binding poses of the teixobactin–lipid II complex were captured with MD simulations at the membrane surface.
Teixobactin (Txb) is a recently discovered antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria that induces no detectable resistance. The bactericidal mechanism is believed to be the inhibition of cell wall biosynthesis by Txb binding to lipid II and lipid III. Txb binding specificity likely arises from targeting of the shared lipid component, the pyrophosphate moiety. Despite synthesis and functional assessment of numerous chemical analogs of Txb, and consequent identification of the Txb pharmacophore, the detailed structural information of Txb–substrate binding is still lacking. Here, we use molecular modeling and microsecond-scale molecular dynamics simulations to capture the formation of Txb–lipid II complexes at a membrane surface. Two dominant binding conformations were observed, both showing characteristic lipid II phosphate binding by the Txb backbone amides near the C-terminal cyclodepsipeptide (d-Thr8–Ile11) ring. Additionally, binding by Txb also involved the side chain hydroxyl group of Ser7, as well as a secondary phosphate binding provided by the side chain of l-allo-enduracididine. Interestingly, those conformations differ by swapping two groups of hydrogen bond donors that coordinate the two phosphate moieties of lipid II, resulting in opposite orientations of lipid II binding. In addition, residues d-allo-Ile5 and Ile6 serve as the membrane anchors in both Txb conformations, regardless of the detailed phosphate binding interactions near the cyclodepsipeptide ring. The role of hydrophobic residues in Txb activity is primarily for its membrane insertion, and subsidiarily to provide non-polar interactions with the lipid II tail. Based on the Txb–lipid II interactions captured in their complexes, as well as their partitioning depths into the membrane, we propose that the bactericidal mechanism of Txb is to arrest cell wall synthesis by selectively inhibiting the transglycosylation of peptidoglycan, while possibly leaving the transpeptidation step unaffected. The observed “pyrophosphate caging” mechanism of lipid II inhibition appears to be similar to some lantibiotics, but different from that of vancomycin or bacitracin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chao Wen
- Department of Biochemistry , Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology , Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , USA . ;
| | - Juan M Vanegas
- Department of Nanobiology , Center for Biological and Engineering Sciences , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , NM 87185 , USA .
| | - Susan B Rempe
- Department of Nanobiology , Center for Biological and Engineering Sciences , Sandia National Laboratories , Albuquerque , NM 87185 , USA .
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Biochemistry , Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology , Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , USA . ;
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13
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Takayama R, Hayakawa S, Hinou H, Albericio F, Garcia-Martin F. Further applications of classical amide coupling reagents: Microwave-assisted esterification on solid phase. J Pept Sci 2018; 24:e3111. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.3111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Risa Takayama
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Shun Hayakawa
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hinou
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceuticals, Company Ltd.; N21, W12, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Organic Chemistry and CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine; University of Barcelona; Barcelona 080028 Spain
- School of Chemistry and Physics; University of KwaZulu-Natal; Durban 4001 South Africa
| | - Fayna Garcia-Martin
- Graduate School of Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science; Hokkaido University; N21, W11, Kita-ku Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
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14
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Ramchuran EJ, Somboro AM, Abdel Monaim SAH, Amoako DG, Parboosing R, Kumalo HM, Agrawal N, Albericio F, Torre BGDL, Bester LA. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Teixobactin Derivatives on Clinically Relevant Bacterial Isolates. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1535. [PMID: 30050518 PMCID: PMC6051056 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) are included on the WHO high priority list of pathogens that require urgent intervention. Hence emphasis needs to be placed on developing novel class of molecules to tackle these pathogens. Teixobactin is a new class of antibiotic that has demonstrated antimicrobial activity against common bacteria. Here we examined the antimicrobial properties of three Teixobactin derivatives against clinically relevant bacterial isolates taken from South African patients. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), the effect of serum on MICs and the time-kill kinetics studies of our synthesized Teixobactin derivatives (3, 4, and 5) were ascertained following the CLSI 2017 guidelines and using the broth microdilution method. Haemolysis on red blood cells (RBCs) and cytotoxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were performed to determine the safety of these compounds. The MICs of 3, 4, and 5 against reference strains were 4–64 μg/ml, 2–64 μg/ml, and 0.5–64 μg/ml, respectively. The MICs observed for MRSA were (3) 32 μg/ml, (4) 2–4 μg/ml and (5) 2–4 μg/ml whilst those for VRE were (3) 8–16 μg/ml, (4) 4 μg/ml and (5) 2–16 μg/ml, respectively. In the presence of 50% human serum, there was no significant effect on the MICs. The compounds did not exhibit any effect on cell viability at their effective concentrations. Teixobactin derivatives (3, 4, and 5) inhibited bacterial growth in drug-resistant bacteria and hence emerge as potential antimicrobial agents. Molecular dynamic simulations suggested that the most dominant binding mode of Lys10-teixobactin (4) to lipid II is through the amide protons of the cycle, which is identical to data described in the literature for the natural teixobactin hence predicting the possibility of a similar mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle J Ramchuran
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Anou M Somboro
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- Peptide Research Group, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Daniel G Amoako
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Raveen Parboosing
- Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Service, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Hezekiel M Kumalo
- Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nikhil Agrawal
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Research Group, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz G de La Torre
- KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Linda A Bester
- Biomedical Resource Unit, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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15
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Mandalapu D, Ji X, Chen J, Guo C, Liu WQ, Ding W, Zhou J, Zhang Q. Thioesterase-Mediated Synthesis of Teixobactin Analogues: Mechanism and Substrate Specificity. J Org Chem 2018; 83:7271-7275. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinjian Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chuchu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jiahai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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16
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Guo C, Mandalapu D, Ji X, Gao J, Zhang Q. Chemistry and Biology of Teixobactin. Chemistry 2017; 24:5406-5422. [PMID: 28991382 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance to existing drugs is becoming a serious public health issue, urging extensive search for new antibiotics. Teixobactin, a cyclic depsipeptide discovered in a screen of uncultured bacteria, shows potent activity against all the tested Gram-positive bacteria. Remarkably, no teixobactin-resistant bacterial strain has been obtained despite extensive efforts, highlighting the great potential of teixobactin as a lead compound in the fight against antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This review summarizes recent progresses in the understanding of many aspects of teixobactin, including chemical structure, biological activity, biosynthetic pathway, and mode of action. We also discuss the different synthetic strategies in producing teixobactin and its analogues, and the structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuchu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | | | - Xinjian Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jiangtao Gao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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17
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Parmar A, Iyer A, Prior SH, Lloyd DG, Leng Goh ET, Vincent CS, Palmai-Pallag T, Bachrati CZ, Breukink E, Madder A, Lakshminarayanan R, Taylor EJ, Singh I. Teixobactin analogues reveal enduracididine to be non-essential for highly potent antibacterial activity and lipid II binding. Chem Sci 2017; 8:8183-8192. [PMID: 29568465 PMCID: PMC5855875 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc03241b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Leu10-teixobactin and Ile10-teixobactin have shown comparable activity to natural teixobactin.
Teixobactin is a highly promising antibacterial depsipeptide consisting of four d-amino acids and a rare l-allo-enduracididine amino acid. l-allo-Enduracididine is reported to be important for the highly potent antibacterial activity of teixobactin. However, it is also a key limiting factor in the development of potent teixobactin analogues due to several synthetic challenges such as it is not commercially available, requires a multistep synthesis, long and repetitive couplings (16–30 hours). Due to all these challenges, the total synthesis of teixobactin is laborious and low yielding (3.3%). In this work, we have identified a unique design and developed a rapid synthesis (10 min μwave assisted coupling per amino acid, 30 min cyclisation) of several highly potent analogues of teixobactin with yields of 10–24% by replacing the l-allo-enduracididine with commercially available non-polar residues such as leucine and isoleucine. Most importantly, the Leu10-teixobactin and Ile10-teixobactin analogues have shown highly potent antibacterial activity against a broader panel of MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis (VRE). Furthermore, these synthetic analogues displayed identical antibacterial activity to natural teixobactin (MIC 0.25 μg mL–1) against MRSA ATCC 33591 despite their simpler design and ease of synthesis. We have confirmed lipid II binding and measured the binding affinities of individual amino acid residues of Ala10-teixobactin towards geranyl pyrophosphate by NMR to understand the nature and strength of binding interactions. Contrary to current understanding, we have shown that a cationic amino acid at position 10 is not essential for target (lipid II) binding and potent antibacterial activity of teixobactin. We thus provide strong evidence contrary to the many assumptions made about the mechanism of action of this exciting new antibiotic. Introduction of a non-cationic residue at position 10 allows for tremendous diversification in the design and synthesis of highly potent teixobactin analogues and lays the foundations for the development of teixobactin analogues as new drug-like molecules to target MRSA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Parmar
- School of Pharmacy , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK .
| | - Abhishek Iyer
- School of Pharmacy , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK . .,Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group , Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S4) , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Stephen H Prior
- School of Chemistry , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Daniel G Lloyd
- School of Life Sciences , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Eunice Tze Leng Goh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute , The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, 20 College Road , Singapore 169857
| | - Charlotte S Vincent
- School of Life Sciences , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Timea Palmai-Pallag
- School of Life Sciences , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Csanad Z Bachrati
- School of Life Sciences , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics , Institute of Biomembranes , Utrecht University , Padualaan 8 , 3584 CH Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group , Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S4) , B-9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute , The Academia, Discovery Tower Level 6, 20 College Road , Singapore 169857
| | - Edward J Taylor
- School of Life Sciences , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK
| | - Ishwar Singh
- School of Pharmacy , University of Lincoln , JBL Building, Beevor St. , Lincoln LN67DL , UK .
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18
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Abdel Monaim SAH, Jad YE, El-Faham A, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Teixobactin as a scaffold for unlimited new antimicrobial peptides: SAR study. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 26:2788-2796. [PMID: 29029900 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It looks that a new era of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) started with the discovery of teixobactin, which is a "head to side-chain" cyclodepsipeptide. It was isolated from a soil gram-negative b-proteobacteria by means of a revolutionary technique. Since there, several groups have developed synthetic strategies for efficient synthesis of this peptide and its analogues as well. Herein, all chemistries reported as well as the biological activity of the analogues are analyzed. Finally, some inputs regarding new trends for the next generation of analogues are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa A H Abdel Monaim
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Yahya E Jad
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 12321, Egypt
| | - Beatriz G de la Torre
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; KRISP, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa.
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Catalysis and Peptide Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa; Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Barcelona Science Park, Barcelona 08028, Spain.
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19
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Chellat MF, Riedl R. Pseudouridimycin: das erste Nukleosid-Analogon, das bakterielle RNA-Polymerase selektiv inhibiert. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F. Chellat
- Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie; FS Organische Chemie und Medizinalchemie; Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW); Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Schweiz
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Institut für Chemie und Biotechnologie; FS Organische Chemie und Medizinalchemie; Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften (ZHAW); Einsiedlerstrasse 31 8820 Wädenswil Schweiz
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20
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Chellat MF, Riedl R. Pseudouridimycin: The First Nucleoside Analogue That Selectively Inhibits Bacterial RNA Polymerase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:13184-13186. [PMID: 28895263 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Seek, and ye shall find: After years of focusing research on synthetic antibiotics out of fear that all the useful natural ones had already been found, a novel antibacterial compound has been discovered through conventional microbial extract screening. The broad-spectrum nucleoside-analogue inhibitor pseudouridimycin is selective for bacterial RNA polymerase and elicits very low resistance rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu F Chellat
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Riedl
- Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Center for Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Einsiedlerstrasse 31, 8820, Wädenswil, Switzerland
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21
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Bai H, Fu X, Huang Z, Lv F, Liu L, Zhang X, Wang S. Supramolecular Germicide Switches through Host-Guest Interactions for Decelerating Emergence of Drug-Resistant Pathogens. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xuancheng Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Zehuan Huang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; Key Laboratory of Organic Solids; Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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22
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Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of teixobactin analogues via convergent Ser ligation. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:4990-4995. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Covering: July 2012 to June 2015. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2013, 30, 869-915The structurally diverse imidazole-, oxazole-, and thiazole-containing secondary metabolites are widely distributed in terrestrial and marine environments, and exhibit extensive pharmacological activities. In this review the latest progress involving the isolation, biological activities, and chemical and biogenetic synthesis studies on these natural products has been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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24
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Süssmuth RD, Mainz A. Nonribosomal Peptide Synthesis-Principles and Prospects. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:3770-3821. [PMID: 28323366 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 543] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large multienzyme machineries that assemble numerous peptides with large structural and functional diversity. These peptides include more than 20 marketed drugs, such as antibacterials (penicillin, vancomycin), antitumor compounds (bleomycin), and immunosuppressants (cyclosporine). Over the past few decades biochemical and structural biology studies have gained mechanistic insights into the highly complex assembly line of nonribosomal peptides. This Review provides state-of-the-art knowledge on the underlying mechanisms of NRPSs and the variety of their products along with detailed analysis of the challenges for future reprogrammed biosynthesis. Such a reprogramming of NRPSs would immediately spur chances to generate analogues of existing drugs or new compound libraries of otherwise nearly inaccessible compound structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderich D Süssmuth
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andi Mainz
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Chemie, Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Süssmuth RD, Mainz A. Nicht-ribosomale Peptidsynthese - Prinzipien und Perspektiven. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201609079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roderich D. Süssmuth
- Technische Universität Berlin; Institut für Chemie; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Andi Mainz
- Technische Universität Berlin; Institut für Chemie; Straße des 17. Juni 124 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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26
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Parmar A, Iyer A, Lloyd DG, Vincent CS, Prior SH, Madder A, Taylor EJ, Singh I. Syntheses of potent teixobactin analogues against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) through the replacement of l-allo-enduracididine with its isosteres. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have synthesised 8 simplified, potent teixobactin analogues by replacing l-allo-enduracididine with its isosteres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Parmar
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- UK
| | - Abhishek Iyer
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- UK
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
| | - Daniel G. Lloyd
- School of Life Sciences
- Joseph Bank Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | - Charlotte S. Vincent
- School of Life Sciences
- Joseph Bank Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | - Stephen H. Prior
- School of Chemistry JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln
- UK
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic, Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Edward J. Taylor
- School of Chemistry JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln
- UK
| | - Ishwar Singh
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- UK
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27
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Parmar A, Prior SH, Iyer A, Vincent CS, Van Lysebetten D, Breukink E, Madder A, Taylor EJ, Singh I. Defining the molecular structure of teixobactin analogues and understanding their role in antibacterial activities. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2016-2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09490b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have for the first time defined the molecular structure of seven teixobactin analogues through the variation of the d/l configuration of its key residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Parmar
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | | | - Abhishek Iyer
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | - Charlotte S. Vincent
- School of Life Sciences
- Joseph Bank Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | - Dorien Van Lysebetten
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Eefjan Breukink
- Department of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics
- Institute of Biomembranes
- Utrecht University
- 3584 CH Utrecht
- The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Edward J. Taylor
- School of Life Sciences
- Joseph Bank Laboratories
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
| | - Ishwar Singh
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Lincoln LN6 7DL
- UK
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28
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Wu C, Pan Z, Yao G, Wang W, Fang L, Su W. Synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of teixobactin analogues. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26567g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of teixobactin analogues were prepared using a convenient synthetic strategy and their antibacterial activities were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Wu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Zhengyin Pan
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Guiyang Yao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Wei Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Lijing Fang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
| | - Wu Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shenzhen 518055
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29
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New antibiotics from Nature’s chemical inventory. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:6227-6252. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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30
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Dhara S, Gunjal VB, Handore KL, Srinivasa Reddy D. Solution-Phase Synthesis of the Macrocyclic Core of Teixobactin. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Santu Dhara
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road 411008 Pune India
| | - Vidya B. Gunjal
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road 411008 Pune India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 110025 New Delhi India
| | - Kishor L. Handore
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road 411008 Pune India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 110025 New Delhi India
| | - D. Srinivasa Reddy
- Division of Organic Chemistry; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Dr. Homi Bhabha Road 411008 Pune India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR); 110025 New Delhi India
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31
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Ng V, Chan WC. New Found Hope for Antibiotic Discovery: Lipid II Inhibitors. Chemistry 2016; 22:12606-16. [PMID: 27388768 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201601315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Research into antibacterial agents has recently gathered pace in light of the disturbing crisis of antimicrobial resistance. The development of modern tools offers the opportunity of reviving the fallen era of antibacterial discovery through uncovering novel lead compounds that target vital bacterial cell components, such as lipid II. This paper provides a summary of the role of lipid II as well as an overview and insight into the structural features of macrocyclic peptides that inhibit this bacterial cell wall component. The recent discovery of teixobactin, a new class of lipid II inhibitor has generated substantial research interests. As such, the significant progress that has been achieved towards its development as a promising antibacterial agent is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Ng
- School of Pharmacy, Centre of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Weng C Chan
- School of Pharmacy, Centre of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
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32
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Giltrap AM, Dowman LJ, Nagalingam G, Ochoa JL, Linington RG, Britton WJ, Payne RJ. Total Synthesis of Teixobactin. Org Lett 2016; 18:2788-91. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jessica L. Ochoa
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Roger G. Linington
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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33
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Mudalungu CM, Richter C, Wittstein K, Abdalla MA, Matasyoh JC, Stadler M, Süssmuth RD. Laxitextines A and B, Cyathane Xylosides from the Tropical Fungus Laxitextum incrustatum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:894-8. [PMID: 27043217 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b00950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided fractionation of the mycelial extract of a basidiomycete culture collected in Kenya led to the isolation of two new cyathane diterpenoids named laxitextines A (1) and B (2). The producer strain was characterized by detailed taxonomic studies based on rDNA using the 5.8S gene region, the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), and part of the large subunit that identified the fungus as Laxitextum incrustatum. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. Both compounds exhibited moderate activities against Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis (DSM 10), Staphylococcus aureus (DSM 346), and methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (DSM 1182). The two compounds also showed variable antiproliferative activities against mouse fibroblast (L929) and selected human cell lines (breast cancer MCF-7, epidermoid carcinoma A431, and umbilical vein endothelial HUVEC). The IC50 values with respect to the MCF-7 cell line for compounds 1 and 2 were 2.3 and 2.0 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Mudalungu
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Richter
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Braunschweig, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wittstein
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Braunschweig, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Muna Ali Abdalla
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Josphat C Matasyoh
- Department of Chemistry, Egerton University , P.O. Box 536, Egerton, Kenya
| | - Marc Stadler
- Department of Microbial Drugs, Braunschweig, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research GmbH , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- German Centre for Infection Research, partner site Hannover-Braunschweig , Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roderich D Süssmuth
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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34
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Abstract
The practice of medicine was profoundly transformed by the introduction of the antibiotics (compounds isolated from Nature) and the antibacterials (compounds prepared by synthesis) for the control of bacterial infection. As a result of the extraordinary success of these compounds over decades of time, a timeless biological activity for these compounds has been presumed. This presumption is no longer. The inexorable acquisition of resistance mechanisms by bacteria is retransforming medical practice. Credible answers to this dilemma are far better recognized than they are being implemented. In this perspective we examine (and in key respects, reiterate) the chemical and biological strategies being used to address the challenge of bacterial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jed F. Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556–5670, USA
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame IN 46556–5670, USA
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35
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De Leon Rodriguez LM, Kaur H, Brimble MA. Synthesis and bioactivity of antitubercular peptides and peptidomimetics: an update. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1177-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02298c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This mini-review provides an update on the synthesis and bioactivity of peptides and peptidomimetics that exhibit very potent antitubercular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harveen Kaur
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
| | - Margaret A. Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences
- The University of Auckland
- Auckland
- New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery
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36
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Parmar A, Iyer A, Vincent CS, Van Lysebetten D, Prior SH, Madder A, Taylor EJ, Singh I. Efficient total syntheses and biological activities of two teixobactin analogues. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:6060-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10249a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Efficient total syntheses of teixobactin analogues and their structure activity relationships are reported. The advantages of the synthetic approach are a high yield (22% for analogue1), key step of the macrocyclisation achieved in 60 minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anish Parmar
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
| | - Abhishek Iyer
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
| | - Charlotte S. Vincent
- School of Life Sciences
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
| | - Dorien Van Lysebetten
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Stephen H. Prior
- School of Chemistry
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Ghent University
- B-9000 Ghent
- Belgium
| | - Edward J. Taylor
- School of Life Sciences
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
| | - Ishwar Singh
- School of Pharmacy
- JBL Building
- University of Lincoln
- Beevor St. Lincoln LN67DL
- UK
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37
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References. Antibiotics (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.1128/9781555819316.refs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Jad YE, Acosta GA, Naicker T, Ramtahal M, El-Faham A, Govender T, Kruger HG, de la Torre BG, Albericio F. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Teixobactin Analogue. Org Lett 2015; 17:6182-5. [PMID: 26654835 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The first synthesis and biological activity of a teixobactin analogue is reported. Substitution of the unusual L-allo-enduracididine residue by the naturally occurring L-arginine was achieved, and the analogue gave an activity trend similar to that of teixobactin (against Gram-postive bacteria) and meropenem, which was approved by the FDA in 1996. The synthetic route used allows for the synthesis of the natural product as well as the development of a program of medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gerardo A Acosta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona ,08028 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Ayman El-Faham
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 2455,Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Fernando Albericio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona ,08028 Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine , Barcelona Science Park, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University P.O. Box 2455,Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona , 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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