1
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Tomoya K, Komiya K, Nakajima D, Umekubo N, Yokoshima S. Total Synthesis of Kopsone. Org Lett 2023; 25:2718-2721. [PMID: 37036762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
A total synthesis of kopsone was achieved, featuring stereoselective preparation of an acyclic aldehyde having a protected hydroxylamine moiety via Ireland-Claisen rearrangement and intramolecular cycloaddition of an eight-membered cyclic nitrone to form the 2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutoshi Tomoya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Komiya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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2
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Hu XN, Wu DP, Xu YP, Huang PQ. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of an Advanced Intermediate of (+)-Sarain A. Chemistry 2021; 27:609-613. [PMID: 33044771 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of an advanced intermediate of (+)-sarain A was achieved. This approach featured the employment of an organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition reaction and a nitrogen-to-carbon chirality transfer to forge three chiral centers, as well as a catalytic hydrosilylation for the chemoselective reduction of a key lactam intermediate. The tricyclic intermediate contained all the required functionalities for elaborating into (+)-sarain A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Ning Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Ping Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Peng Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, P. R. China
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3
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Yokoshima S. Synthesis of 2-Azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanes: Lessons from Synthetic Studies of Macrocyclic Diamine Alkaloids. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yokoshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan
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4
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Luo S, Huang X, Guo L, Huang P. Catalytic Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Macrocyclic Marine Natural Product (–)‐Haliclonin A
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Peng Luo
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou Jiangsu 213001 China
| | - Xiong‐Zhi Huang
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Lian‐Dong Guo
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
| | - Pei‐Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen Fujian 361005 China
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5
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Shennan BDA, Smith PW, Ogura Y, Dixon DJ. A modular and divergent approach to spirocyclic pyrrolidines. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10354-10360. [PMID: 34094297 PMCID: PMC8162384 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03676e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient three-step sequence to afford a valuable class of spirocyclic pyrrolidines is reported. A reductive cleavage/Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons cascade facilitates the spirocyclisation of a range of isoxazolines bearing a distal β-ketophosphonate. The spirocyclisation precursors are elaborated in a facile and modular fashion, via a [3 + 2]-cycloaddition followed by the condensation of a phosphonate ester, introducing multiple points of divergence. The synthetic utility of this protocol has been demonstrated in the synthesis of a broad family of 1-azaspiro[4,4]nonanes and in a concise formal synthesis of the natural product (±)-cephalotaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D A Shennan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Peter W Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Yusuke Ogura
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
| | - Darren J Dixon
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford UK
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6
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Shao H, Fang K, Wang YP, Zhang XM, Ding TM, Zhang SY, Chen ZM, Tu YQ. Total Synthesis of Fawcettimine-Type Alkaloid, Lycojaponicumin A. Org Lett 2020; 22:3775-3779. [PMID: 32330061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The efficient total synthesis of lycojaponicumin A (1) has been accomplished for the first time. The remarkable features of this novel strategy include the following: (1) rapid construction of tricyclic intermediate 4 through a regio- and stereoselective semipinacol ring expansion, which simplified the construction of rings A and B of 1; (2) the subsequent regio- and stereoselective formation of the highly strained rings C-E of 1 through a tandem oxa-hetero [3 + 2] cycloaddition/N-cycloalkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240
| | - Kun Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China, 730000
| | - Yun-Peng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China, 730000
| | - Tong-Mei Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240
| | - Shu-Yu Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240
| | - Zhi-Min Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center of Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China, 200240.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P. R. China, 730000
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7
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Shinoda M, Morita N, Tanaka Iii K, Hashimoto Y, Ban S, Tamura O. Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of a Compound with an Unprecedented Skeleton: Dodecahydro-4,10:5,9-diepoxydipyrrolo[3,4-b:3',4'-f][1,5]diazocine. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:1238-1243. [PMID: 33268656 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of N-(2-{[(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]imino}ethyl)-4-methyl-N-(3-phenylprop-2-yn-1-yl)benzenesulfonamide (6b) with BF3·OEt2 afforded a compound with an unprecedented dodecahydro-4,10 : 5,9-diepoxydipyrrolo[3,4-b:3',4'-f][1,5]diazocine skeleton (7) after aqueous work-up. The formation mechanism of meso-7 appears to involve dimerization of the hydrated forms (6aS)-C and (6aR)-C of the initial racemic product 9 via cation B generated by facile protonation at the C3a position of 9. Extensive computational studies revealed that the driving force of the facile hydration of 9 is probably release of the ring strain of 9, which arises in part from the bent sp2-hybridized C3a carbon.
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8
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Cheng B, Reyes J. Recent progress on the total syntheses of macrocyclic diamine alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2020; 37:322-337. [DOI: 10.1039/c9np00031c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights the progress and challenges in the chemical synthesis of macrocyclic diamine alkaloids since 2006.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichu Cheng
- School of Science
- Harbin Institute of Technology
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Julius Reyes
- Department of Chemistry
- New York University
- New York
- USA
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9
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Huang T, Wang Q, Kong D, Wu M. Diastereoselective catalyst-free construction of isoxazolidine-cis-fused phospha dihydrocoumarins via an intramolecular Nitrone–Vinylphosphonate dipolar cycloaddition. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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10
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Wang Y, Leng L, Liu Y, Dai G, Xue F, Chen Z, Meng J, Wen G, Xiao Y, Liu XY, Qin Y. Asymmetric Synthesis of an Advanced Tetracyclic Framework of (+)-Sarain A. Org Lett 2018; 20:6701-6704. [PMID: 30346782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lingying Leng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guiying Dai
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fanglin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jiao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Guohua Wen
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yaxin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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11
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Meng J, Wang Y, Qin Y, Liu XY. Asymmetric synthetic approach to a functionalized azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane moiety of (+)-sarain A. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Katahara S, Kobayashi S, Fujita K, Matsumoto T, Sato T, Chida N. Reductive Approach to Nitrones from N-Siloxyamides and N-Hydroxyamides. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2017. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Katahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
| | - Shoichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
| | - Kanami Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
| | - Tsutomu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
| | - Noritaka Chida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522
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13
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Wang FX, Du JY, Wang HB, Zhang PL, Zhang GB, Yu KY, Zhang XZ, An XT, Cao YX, Fan CA. Total Synthesis of Lycopodium Alkaloids Palhinine A and Palhinine D. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4282-4285. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xin Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Du
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui-Bin Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Peng-Lin Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guo-Biao Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ke-Yin Yu
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xian-Tao An
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ye-Xing Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State
Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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14
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Tanimoto H, Shitaoka T, Yokoyama K, Morimoto T, Nishiyama Y, Kakiuchi K. Formal [3+2] Cycloaddition of Nitrosoallenes with Carbonyl and Nitrile Compounds to Form Functional Cyclic Nitrones. J Org Chem 2016; 81:8722-8735. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanimoto
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takashi Shitaoka
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yokoyama
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Tsumoru Morimoto
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kiyomi Kakiuchi
- Graduate School of Materials
Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST), 8916-5 Takayamacho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
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16
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Griffiths JR, Keister JB, Diver ST. From Resting State to the Steady State: Mechanistic Studies of Ene-Yne Metathesis Promoted by the Hoveyda Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5380-91. [PMID: 27076098 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b01887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of intermolecular ene-yne metathesis (EYM) with the Hoveyda precatalyst (Ru1) has been studied. For 1-hexene metathesis with 2-benzoyloxy-3-butyne, the experimental rate law was determined to be first-order in 1-hexene (0.3-4 M), first-order in initial catalyst concentration, and zero-order for the terminal alkyne. At low catalyst concentrations (0.1 mM), the rate of precatalyst initiation was observed by UV-vis and the alkyne disappearance was observed by in situ FT-IR. Comparison of the rate of precatalyst initiation and the rate of EYM shows that a low, steady-state concentration of active catalyst is rapidly produced. Application of steady-state conditions to the carbene intermediates provided a rate treatment that fit the experimental rate law. Starting from a ruthenium alkylidene complex, competition between 2-isopropoxystyrene and 1-hexene gave a mixture of 2-isopropoxyarylidene and pentylidene species, which were trappable by the Buchner reaction. By varying the relative concentration of these alkenes, 2-isopropoxystyrene was found to be 80 times more effective than 1-hexene in production of their respective Ru complexes. Buchner-trapping of the initiation of Ru1 with excess 1-hexene after 50% loss of Ru1 gave 99% of the Buchner-trapping product derived from precatalyst Ru1. For the initiation process, this shows that there is an alkene-dependent loss of precatalyst Ru1, but this does not directly produce the active catalyst. A faster initiating precatalyst for alkene metathesis gave similar rates of EYM. Buchner-trapping of ene-yne metathesis failed to deliver any products derived from Buchner insertion, consistent with rapid decomposition of carbene intermediates under ene-yne conditions. An internal alkyne, 1,4-diacetoxy-2-butyne, was found to obey a different rate law. Finally, the second-order rate constant for ene-yne metathesis was compared to that previously determined by the Grubbs second-generation carbene complex: Ru1 was found to promote ene-yne metathesis 62 times faster at the same initial precatalyst concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin R Griffiths
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Jerome B Keister
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Steven T Diver
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
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17
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Katahara S, Kobayashi S, Fujita K, Matsumoto T, Sato T, Chida N. An Iridium-Catalyzed Reductive Approach to Nitrones from N-Hydroxyamides. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:5246-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seiya Katahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Kobayashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kanami Fujita
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Matsumoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Noritaka Chida
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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