1
|
Porath AJ, Lybrand T, Bour JR. Relationships Between Defectivity and Porosity in High Surface Area Porous Aromatic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314120. [PMID: 38036454 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Porous aromatic framework (PAF) microporosity is known to be strongly dependent on synthetic approach but little is known about why certain reactions yield significantly and consistently more porous PAFs. This article explores the connections between synthetic pathway, PAF defectivity, and microporosity. Using a network disassembly strategy, we show that defectivity is highly dependent on synthetic approach and that more defective PAFs are associated with lower surface areas and pore volumes. This empirical association is corroborated through systematic introduction of defects to a modelPAF, which results in significant reduction of apparent surface area and pore volumes. Taken together, these data suggest that only highly efficient coupling reactions should be targeted for the synthesis of ultra-high surface area porous aromatic frameworks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Porath
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Tony Lybrand
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - James R Bour
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, Wang Q, Liu H, Li T, Ren Y. Ultramicroporous Organophosphorus Polymers via Self-Accelerating P-C Coupling Reactions: Kinetic Effects on Crosslinking Environments and Porous Structures. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:11748-11756. [PMID: 35734875 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) have drawn significant attention in diverse applications. However, factors affecting the heterogeneous polymerization and porosity of POPs are still not well understood. Herein, we report a new strategy to construct porous organophosphorus polymers (POPPs) with high surface areas (1283 m2/g) and ultramicroporous structures (0.67 nm). The strategy harnesses an efficient transition-metal-catalyzed phosphorus-carbon (P-C) coupling reaction at the trigonal pyramidal P-center, which is distinct from the typical carbon-carbon coupling reaction utilized in the synthesis of POPs. As the first kinetic study on the coupling reaction of POPs, we uncovered a self-accelerating reaction characteristic, which is controlled by the choice of bases and catalysts. The self-accelerating characteristic of the P-C coupling reaction is beneficial for the high surface area and uniform ultramicroporosity of POPPs. The direct crosslinking of the P-centers allows 31P solid-state (ss)NMR experiments to unambiguously reveal the crosslinking environments of POPPs. Leveraging on the kinetic studies and 31P ssNMR studies, we were able to reveal the kinetic effects of the P-C coupling reaction on both the crosslinking environments and the porous structures of POPPs. Furthermore, our studies show that the CO2 uptake capacity of POPPs is highly dependent on their porous structures. Overall, our studies paves the way to design new POPs with better controlled chemical and ultramicroporous structures, which have potential applications for CO2 capture and separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhikai Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Liu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ren
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wessely ID, Matt Y, An Q, Bräse S, Tsotsalas M. Dynamic porous organic polymers with tuneable crosslinking degree and porosity. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27714-27719. [PMID: 35480662 PMCID: PMC9037787 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) show enormous potential for applications in separation, organic electronics, and biomedicine due to the combination of high porosity, high stability, and ease of functionalisation. However, POPs are usually insoluble and amorphous materials making it very challenging to obtain structural information. Additionally, important parameters such as the exact molecular structure or the crosslinking degree are largely unknown, despite their importance for the final properties of the system. In this work, we introduced the reversible multi-fold nitroxide exchange reaction to the synthesis of POPs to tune and at the same time follow the crosslinking degree in porous polymer materials. We synthesised three different POPs based on the combination of linear, trigonal, and tetrahedral alkoxyamines with a tetrahedral nitroxide. We could show that modulating the equilibrium in the nitroxide exchange reaction, by adding or removing one nitroxide species, leads to changes in the crosslinking degree. Being able to modulate the crosslinking degree in POPs allowed us to investigate both the influence of the crosslinking degree and the structure of the molecular components on the porosity. The crosslinking degree of the frameworks was characterised using EPR spectroscopy and the porosity was determined using argon gas adsorption measurements. To guide the design of POPs for desired applications, our study reveals that multiple factors need to be considered such as the structure of the molecular building blocks, the synthetic conditions, and the crosslinking degree. We synthesised three different POPs via a nitroxide exchange reaction and modulated their crosslinking degree. That allowed us to investigate the influence of the crosslinking degree and the structure of the molecular components on the porosity.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle D Wessely
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Yannick Matt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,3DMM2O - Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Qi An
- Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,3DMM2O - Cluster of Excellence (EXC-2082/1-390761711), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Kaiserstraße 12 76131 Karlsruhe Germany.,Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Manuel Tsotsalas
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Fritz-Haber-Weg 6 76131 Karlsruhe Germany .,Institute of Functional Interfaces (IFG), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang J, Zhang B, Sun J, Hu W, Wang H. Recent advances in porous nanostructures for cancer theranostics. NANO TODAY 2021; 38:101146. [PMID: 33897805 PMCID: PMC8059603 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Porous nanomaterials with high surface area, tunable porosity, and large mesopores have recently received particular attention in cancer therapy and imaging. Introduction of additional pores to nanostructures not only endows the tunability of optoelectronic and optical features optimal for tumor treatment, but also modulates the loading capacity and controlled release of therapeutic agents. In recognition, increasing efforts have been made to fabricate various porous nanomaterials and explore their potentials in oncology applications. Thus, a systematic and comprehensive summary is necessary to overview the recent progress, especially in last ten years, on the development of various mesoporous nanomaterials for cancer treatment as theranostic agents. While outlining their individual synthetic mechanisms after a brief introduction of the structures and properties of porous nanomaterials, the current review highlighted the representative applications of three main categories of porous nanostructures (organic, inorganic, and organic-inorganic nanomaterials). In each category, the synthesis, representative examples, and interactions with tumors were further detailed. The review was concluded with deliberations on the key challenges and future outlooks of porous nanostructures in cancer theranostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Hebei Province, Institute of Biophysics, School of Sciences, Hebei University of Technology, 300401, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Beilu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, 07030, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ma L, Jiang P, Wang K, Huang X, Yang M, Gong L, Li R. High‐efficiency catalyst for copper nanoparticles attached to porous nitrogen‐doped carbon materials: Applied to the coupling reaction of alkyne groups under mild conditions. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Pengbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Kaizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xiaokang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Li Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Rong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (SKLAOC), the Key Laboratory of Catalytic Engineering of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bila JL, Pijeat J, Ramorini A, Fadaei-Tirani F, Scopelliti R, Baudat E, Severin K. Porous networks based on iron(ii) clathrochelate complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:4582-4588. [PMID: 30882828 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00546c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Microporous networks based on boronate ester-capped iron(ii) clathrochelate complexes are described. The networks were obtained by covalent cross-linking of tetrabrominated clathrochelate complexes via Suzuki-Miyaura polycross-coupling reactions with diboronic acids, or by Sonogashira-Hagihara polycross-coupling of clathrochelate complexes with terminal alkyne functions and 1,3,5-tribromobenzene. The networks display permanent porosity with apparent Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas of up to SABET = 593 m2 g-1. A clathrochelate complex based on an enantiopure dioximato ligand was used to prepare chiral networks. One of these networks was shown to preferentially absorb d-tryptophan over l-tryptophan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José L Bila
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao H, Ma YC, Cao L, Huang S, Zhang JP, Yan X. Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Chalcophenes-Embedded Cycloparaphenylenes. J Org Chem 2019; 84:5230-5235. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiqing Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Discrete Triptycene-Based Hexakis(metalsalphens): Extrinsic Soluble Porous Molecules of Isostructural Constitution. Chemistry 2018; 24:11433-11437. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
9
|
Uptmoor AC, Geyer FL, Rominger F, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Tetrahedral Tetrakis(p
-ethynylphenyl) Group IV Compounds in Microporous Polymers: Effect of Tetrel on Porosity. Chempluschem 2018; 83:448-454. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Uptmoor
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Florian L. Geyer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Innovation Lab; Speyerer Strasse 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Uptmoor AC, Ilyas R, Elbert SM, Wacker I, Schröder RR, Mastalerz M, Freudenberg J, Bunz UHF. Optical Properties and Sequence Information of Tin-Centered Conjugated Microporous Polymers. Chemistry 2017; 24:1674-1680. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C. Uptmoor
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ruben Ilyas
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Sven M. Elbert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Irene Wacker
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Cryo EM, Bioquant; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Rasmus R. Schröder
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Cryo EM, Bioquant; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 267 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jan Freudenberg
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Innovation Lab GmbH; Speyerer Straße 4 69115 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Uwe H. F. Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Centre for Advanced Materials; Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg; Im Neuenheimer Feld 225 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang L, Wan Y, Ding Y, Wu S, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Zhang G, Xiong Y, Wu X, Yang J, Xu H. Conjugated Microporous Polymer Nanosheets for Overall Water Splitting Using Visible Light. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1702428. [PMID: 28833545 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Direct water splitting into H2 and O2 using photocatalysts by harnessing sunlight is very appealing to produce storable chemical fuels. Conjugated polymers, which have tunable molecular structures and optoelectronic properties, are promising alternatives to inorganic semiconductors for water splitting. Unfortunately, conjugated polymers that are able to efficiently split pure water under visible light (400 nm) via a four-electron pathway have not been previously reported. This study demonstrates that 1,3-diyne-linked conjugated microporous polymer nanosheets (CMPNs) prepared by oxidative coupling of terminal alkynes such as 1,3,5-tris-(4-ethynylphenyl)-benzene (TEPB) and 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene (TEB) can act as highly efficient photocatalysts for splitting pure water (pH ≈ 7) into stoichiometric amounts of H2 and O2 under visible light. The apparent quantum efficiencies at 420 nm are 10.3% and 7.6% for CMPNs synthesized from TEPB and TEB, respectively; the measured solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency using the full solar spectrum can reach 0.6%, surpassing photosynthetic plants in converting solar energy to biomass (globally average ≈0.10%). First-principles calculations reveal that photocatalytic H2 and O2 evolution reactions are energetically feasible for CMPNs under visible light irradiation. The findings suggest that organic polymers hold great potential for stable and scalable solar-fuel generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yangyang Wan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yanjun Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Sikai Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, School of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cooper AI. Porous Molecular Solids and Liquids. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2017; 3:544-553. [PMID: 28691065 PMCID: PMC5492258 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Until recently, porous molecular solids were isolated curiosities with properties that were eclipsed by porous frameworks, such as metal-organic frameworks. Now molecules have emerged as a functional materials platform that can have high levels of porosity, good chemical stability, and, uniquely, solution processability. The lack of intermolecular bonding in these materials has also led to new, counterintuitive states of matter, such as porous liquids. Our ability to design these materials has improved significantly due to advances in computational prediction methods.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jayanthi S, Muthu DVS, Jayaraman N, Sampath S, Sood AK. Semiconducting Conjugated Microporous Polymer: An Electrode Material for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting and Oxygen Reduction. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Swetha Jayanthi
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore-560012 India
| | - D. V. S. Muthu
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore-560012 India
| | - N. Jayaraman
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore-560012 India
| | - S. Sampath
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore-560012 India
| | - A. K. Sood
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore-560012 India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chaoui N, Trunk M, Dawson R, Schmidt J, Thomas A. Trends and challenges for microporous polymers. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:3302-3321. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00071e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent trends and challenges for the emerging materials class of microporous polymers are reviewed. See the main article for graphical abstract image credits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Chaoui
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Matthias Trunk
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Robert Dawson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Sheffield
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Technische Universität Berlin
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Li Z, Yang YW. Creation and bioapplications of porous organic polymer materials. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:9278-9290. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02647a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Emerging porous organic polymers can serve as promising platforms for bio-related applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry (NMAC)
- College of Chemistry
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Trunk M, Herrmann A, Bildirir H, Yassin A, Schmidt J, Thomas A. Copper-Free Sonogashira Coupling for High-Surface-Area Conjugated Microporous Poly(aryleneethynylene) Networks. Chemistry 2016; 22:7179-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Trunk
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Anna Herrmann
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Hakan Bildirir
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Ali Yassin
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Johannes Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Functional Materials; Technische Universität Berlin; Hardenbergstrasse 40 10623 Berlin Germany
| |
Collapse
|