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Alvarez-Montoya A, Gillions JP, Winfrey L, Hawker RR, Singh K, Ortu F, Fu Y, Li Y, Pulis AP. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed Dehydrogenation of Pyrrolidines to Form Pyrroles. ACS Catal 2024; 14:4856-4864. [PMID: 38601781 PMCID: PMC11002826 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Pyrroles are important N-heterocycles found in medicines and materials. The formation of pyrroles from widely accessible pyrrolidines is a potentially attractive strategy but is an underdeveloped approach due to the sensitivity of pyrroles to the oxidative conditions required to achieve such a transformation. Herein, we report a catalytic approach that employs commercially available B(C6F5)3 in an operationally simple procedure that allows pyrrolidines to serve as direct synthons for pyrroles. Mechanistic studies have revealed insights into borane-catalyzed dehydrogenative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Laura Winfrey
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Rebecca R. Hawker
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Kuldip Singh
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Fabrizio Ortu
- School
of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Yukang Fu
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University
of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University
of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, P. R. China
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2
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Vashisth K, Dutta S, Akram MO, Martin CD. Examining the reactivity of tris( ortho-carboranyl)borane with Lewis bases and application in frustrated Lewis pair Si-H bond cleavage. Dalton Trans 2023. [PMID: 37377440 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01557b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of tris(ortho-carboranyl)borane with Lewis bases reveals only small bases bind. The tremendous bulk and Lewis acidity is leveraged in frustrated Lewis pair Si-H cleavage with a wider range of Lewis bases and greater efficacy than B(C6F5)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanika Vashisth
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Sanjay Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Manjur O Akram
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
| | - Caleb D Martin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, One Bear Place #97348, Waco, Texas 76798, USA.
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3
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Xu H, Song X, Chen M, Bai W, Ji M. Rigid Confined Space in Frustrated Lewis Pair/MOF Catalyst: Highly Regioselective Hydrogenation Performance for α, β-Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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4
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Clarke J, Seo Y, Gagné MR, Bender TA. Achieving Site-Selective C–O Bond Reduction for High-Value Cellulosic Valorization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Youngran Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michel R. Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Trandon A. Bender
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
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5
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Andreev I, Boichenko M, Ratmanova N, Ivanova O, Levina I, Khrustalev V, Sedov I, Trushkov I. 4‐(Dimethylamino)pyridinium Azide in Protic Ionic Liquid Media as a Stable Equivalent of Hydrazoic Acid. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Andreev
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Immunology RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Maksim Boichenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University Department of Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Nina Ratmanova
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology Oncology and Immunology RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | | | - Irina Levina
- FSBSI Institute of Biochemical Physics named after N M Emanuel of the Russian Academy of Sciences RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | | | - Igor Sedov
- Kazan Federal University RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Igor Trushkov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
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6
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Xu H, Chen M, Ji M. Solid Lewis acid-base pair catalysts constructed by regulations on defects of UiO-66 for the catalytic hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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7
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Lugosan A, Todtz SR, Alcázar A, Zeller M, Devery JJ, Lee WT. Synthesis and characterization of trigonal bipyramidal Fe III complexes and their solution behavior. Polyhedron 2021; 208. [PMID: 34566234 DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of air-stable trigonal bipyramidal FeIII complexes supported by a redox non-innocent NNN pincer ligand, Cz tBu(PyrR)2 - (R = iPr, Me, or H), were synthesized, fully characterized, and utilized for the investigation of the interaction between acetone and the FeIII center. The magnetic moments determined from the paramagnetic 1H NMR spectra in conjunction with EPR and Mössbauer spectroscopy indicate the presence of a high-spin ferric center. Cyclic voltammetry studies feature two quasi-reversible events corresponding to a metal-centered FeIII/II reduction around -0.40 V (vs. Fc) and a ligand-centered Cz tBu(PyrR)2/Cz tBu(PyrR)2 •+ oxidation at potentials near +0.70 V (vs. Fc). UV-Visible spectroscopy in CH2Cl2 showcases ligand-metal charge transfer (LMCT) bands, as well as coordination of acetone to Cz tBu(PyrH)2FeCl2. In situ IR spectroscopy and solution conductivity (κ) measurements of Cz tBu(PyrR)2FeCl2 with varied equivalents of acetone reveal that acetone is weakly associated with the iron center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Lugosan
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Flanner Hall, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660, United States
| | - Sophi R Todtz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Flanner Hall, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660, United States
| | - Andrew Alcázar
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Flanner Hall, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660, United States
| | - Matthias Zeller
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, X-ray Crystallography, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States
| | - James J Devery
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Flanner Hall, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660, United States
| | - Wei-Tsung Lee
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Flanner Hall, 1068 W Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60660, United States
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8
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Zhang J, Yang JD, Cheng JP. Diazaphosphinanes as hydride, hydrogen atom, proton or electron donors under transition-metal-free conditions: thermodynamics, kinetics, and synthetic applications. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3672-3679. [PMID: 34094055 PMCID: PMC8152589 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc05883d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploration of new hydrogen donors is in large demand in hydrogenation chemistry. Herein, we developed a new 1,3,2-diazaphosphinane 1a, which can serve as a hydride, hydrogen atom or proton donor without transition-metal mediation. The thermodynamics and kinetics of these three pathways of 1a, together with those of its analog 1b, were investigated in acetonitrile. It is noteworthy that, the reduction potentials (Ered) of the phosphenium cations 1a-[P]+ and 1b-[P]+ are extremely low, being −1.94 and −2.39 V (vs. Fc+/0), respectively, enabling corresponding phosphinyl radicals to function as neutral super-electron-donors. Kinetic studies revealed an extraordinarily large kinetic isotope effect KIE(1a) of 31.3 for the hydrogen atom transfer from 1a to the 2,4,6-tri-(tert-butyl)-phenoxyl radical, implying a tunneling effect. Furthermore, successful applications of these diverse P–H bond energetic parameters in organic syntheses were exemplified, shedding light on more exploitations of these versatile and powerful diazaphosphinane reagents in organic chemistry. A new 1,3,2-diazaphosphinane, serving as a formal hydride, hydrogen-atom or proton donor without transition-metal mediation was exploited thermodynamically and kinetically. And, its promising potentials in versatile syntheses have been demonstrated.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China .,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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9
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Carden JL, Dasgupta A, Melen RL. Halogenated triarylboranes: synthesis, properties and applications in catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1706-1725. [PMID: 32100762 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00769e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Halogenated triarylboranes (BAr3) have been known for decades, however it has only been since the surge of interest in main group catalysis that their application as strong Lewis acid catalysts has been recognised. This review aims to look past the popular tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane [B(C6F5)3] to the other halogenated triarylboranes, to give a greater breadth of understanding as to how tuning the Lewis acidity of BAr3 by modifications of the aryl rings can lead to improved reactivity. In this review, a discussion on Lewis acidity determination of boranes is given, the synthesis of these boranes is discussed, and examples of how they are being used for catalysis and frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Carden
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, Cymru/Wales, UK.
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10
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Seo Y, Gudz A, Lowe JM, Gagné MR. Selective deoxygenation of gibberellic acid with fluoroarylborane catalysts. Tetrahedron 2019; 75. [PMID: 32523234 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2019.130712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Reductive late-stage functionalization of gibberellic acid is reported using three fluoroarylborane Lewis acids; (B(C6F5)3, B(3,5-C6H3(CF3)2), and B(2,4,6-C6H2F3)3) in combination with a tertiary silane and a borane (HBCat) reductant. In each case, C-O bond activation occurs, and different products are obtained depending on the reductant and catalyst employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngran Seo
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Anton Gudz
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jared M Lowe
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Michel R Gagné
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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11
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Ben Saida A, Chardon A, Osi A, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Adjieufack AI, Champagne B, Berionni G. Pushing the Lewis Acidity Boundaries of Boron Compounds With Non‐Planar Triarylboranes Derived from Triptycenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16889-16893. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201910908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ben Saida
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Aurélien Chardon
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Arnaud Osi
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Abel I. Adjieufack
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
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12
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Ben Saida A, Chardon A, Osi A, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Adjieufack AI, Champagne B, Berionni G. Pushing the Lewis Acidity Boundaries of Boron Compounds With Non‐Planar Triarylboranes Derived from Triptycenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201910908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ben Saida
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Aurélien Chardon
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Arnaud Osi
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Abel I. Adjieufack
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department of ChemistryNamur Institute of Structured MatterUniversity of Namur 5000 Namur Belgium
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13
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Marczenko KM, Johnson CL, Chitnis SS. Synthesis of a Perfluorinated Phenoxyphosphorane and Conversion to Its Hexacoordinate Anions. Chemistry 2019; 25:8865-8874. [PMID: 30958579 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and structural characterization of a neutral PV Lewis acid, P(OC6 F5 )5 , and salts containing the six-coordinate anions [P(OC6 F5 )5 F]- and [P(OC6 F5 )6 ]- . The latter anion exhibits a rare example of F-πarene interactions in both the solid and the solution phase, which has been quantitatively studied by variable-temperature (VT) NMR spectroscopy. The Lewis acid strength of P(OC6 F5 )5 has been assessed through experimental fluoride ion competition experiments and quantum-chemical calculations of its fluoride ion affinity (FIA) and global electrophilicity index (GEI). Our findings highlight the importance of considering solvent effects in electrophilicity calculations, even when neutral Lewis acids are involved, and show a rare divergence between FIA and GEI trends. The coordinating abilities of the [P(OC6 F5 )6 ]- and [P(OC6 F5 )5 F]- anions towards the trityl cation, as a prototypical electrophile, have been assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Marczenko
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, N. S., B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Chloe-Louise Johnson
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, N. S., B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Chemistry Department, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, N. S., B3H 4R2, Canada
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14
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Zhang J, Yang J, Cheng J. A Nucleophilicity Scale for the Reactivity of Diazaphospholenium Hydrides: Structural Insights and Synthetic Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jin‐Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular ScienceDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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15
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Zhang J, Yang JD, Cheng JP. A Nucleophilicity Scale for the Reactivity of Diazaphospholenium Hydrides: Structural Insights and Synthetic Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5983-5987. [PMID: 30805968 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophilicity parameters (N, sN ) of a group of representative diazaphospholenium hydrides were derived by kinetic investigations of their hydride transfer to a series of reference electrophiles with known electrophilicity (E) values, using the Mayr equation log k2 =sN (N+E). The N scale covers over ten N units, ranging from the most reactive hydride donor (N=25.5) to the least of the scale (N=13.5). This discloses the highest N value ever quantified in terms of Mayr's nucleophilicity scales reported for neutral transition-metal-free hydride donors and implies an exceptional reactivity of this reagent. Even the least reactive hydride donor of this series is still a better hydride donor than those of many other nucleophiles such as the C-H, B-H, Si-H and transition-metal M-H hydride donors. Structure-reactivity analysis reveals that the outstanding hydricity of 2-H-1,3,2-diazaphospholene benefits from the unsaturated skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Dong Yang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jin-Pei Cheng
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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16
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San HH, Wang CY, Zeng HP, Fu ST, Jiang M, Tang XY. Boron-Catalyzed Azide Insertion of α-Aryl α-Diazoesters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:4478-4485. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet San
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Peng Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Tao Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Lam J, Szkop KM, Mosaferi E, Stephan DW. FLP catalysis: main group hydrogenations of organic unsaturated substrates. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3592-3612. [PMID: 30178796 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00277k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article is focused on recent developments in main group mediated hydrogenation chemistry and catalysis using "frustrated Lewis pairs" (FLPs). The broading range of substrates and catalyst systems is reviewed and the advances in catalytic reductions and the development of stereoselective, asymmetric reductions made since 2012 is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S3H6, Canada.
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18
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San HH, Wang SJ, Jiang M, Tang XY. Boron-Catalyzed O-H Bond Insertion of α-Aryl α-Diazoesters in Water. Org Lett 2018; 20:4672-4676. [PMID: 30033730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic, metal-free O-H bond insertion of α-diazoesters in water in the presence of B(C6F5)3· nH2O (2 mol %) was developed, affording a series of α-hydroxyesters in good to excellent yields. The reaction features easy operation and wide substrate scope, and importantly, no metal is needed as compared with the conventional methods. Significantly, this approach further expands the applications of B(C6F5)3 under water-tolerant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Htet Htet San
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Jun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road , Shanghai 200032 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Ying Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica , Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road , Wuhan 430074 , People's Republic of China
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19
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Zwettler N, Walg SP, Belaj F, Mösch‐Zanetti NC. Heterolytic Si-H Bond Cleavage at a Molybdenum-Oxido-Based Lewis Pair. Chemistry 2018; 24:7149-7160. [PMID: 29521459 PMCID: PMC6001527 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a molybdenum(VI) oxido imido complex with the strong Lewis acid B(C6 F5 )3 gave access to the Lewis adduct [Mo{OB(C6 F5 )3 }(NtBu)L2 ] featuring reversible B-O bonding in solution. The resulting frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-like reactivity is reflected by the compound's ability to heterolytically cleave Si-H bonds, leading to a clean formation of the novel cationic MoVI species 3 a (R=Et) and 3 b (R=Ph) of the general formula [Mo(OSiR3 )(NtBu)L2 ][HB(C6 F5 )3 ]. These compounds possess properties highly unusual for molybdenum d0 species such as an intensive, charge-transfer-based color as well as a reversible redox couple at very low potentials, both dependent on the silane used. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses of 2 and 4 b, a derivative of 3 b featuring the [FB(C6 F5 )3 ]- anion, picture the stepwise elongation of the Mo=O bond, leading to a large increase in the electrophilicity of the metal center. The reaction of 3 a and 3 b with benzaldehyde allowed for the regeneration of compound 2 by hydrosilylation of the benzaldehyde. NMR spectroscopy suggested an unusual mechanism for the transformation, involving a substrate insertion in the B-H bond of the borohydride anion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Zwettler
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Simon P. Walg
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Ferdinand Belaj
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
| | - Nadia C. Mösch‐Zanetti
- Institute of Chemistry, Inorganic ChemistryUniversity of GrazSchubertstrasse 18010GrazAustria
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20
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Khan I, Manzotti M, Tizzard GJ, Coles SJ, Melen RL, Morrill LC. Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP)-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Aza-Morita–Baylis–Hillman Adducts and Sequential Organo-FLP Catalysis. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Khan
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Mattia Manzotti
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Tizzard
- UK National
Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. Coles
- UK National
Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L. Melen
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Louis C. Morrill
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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21
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Solid frustrated-Lewis-pair catalysts constructed by regulations on surface defects of porous nanorods of CeO 2. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15266. [PMID: 28516952 PMCID: PMC5454379 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Identification on catalytic sites of heterogeneous catalysts at atomic level is important to understand catalytic mechanism. Surface engineering on defects of metal oxides can construct new active sites and regulate catalytic activity and selectivity. Here we outline the strategy by controlling surface defects of nanoceria to create the solid frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) metal oxide for efficient hydrogenation of alkenes and alkynes. Porous nanorods of ceria (PN-CeO2) with a high concentration of surface defects construct new Lewis acidic sites by two adjacent surface Ce3+. The neighbouring surface lattice oxygen as Lewis base and constructed Lewis acid create solid FLP site due to the rigid lattice of ceria, which can easily dissociate H–H bond with low activation energy of 0.17 eV. Surface engineering of catalysts allows the tailoring of active sites. Here the authors produce a heterogeneous nanoceria catalyst with engineered defects producing active solid frustrated Lewis pair sites, and use these materials for the hydrogenation of alkynes and alkenes.
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22
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Follet E, Mayer P, Stephenson DS, Ofial AR, Berionni G. Reactivity-Tuning in Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Nucleophilicity and Lewis Basicity of Sterically Hindered Phosphines. Chemistry 2017; 23:7422-7427. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Follet
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Peter Mayer
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - David S. Stephenson
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Armin R. Ofial
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
| | - Guillaume Berionni
- Department Chemie; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 München Germany
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23
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Dupré J, Gaumont AC, Lakhdar S. Mechanistic Investigations of Reactions of the Frustrated Lewis Pairs (Triarylphosphines/B(C 6F 5) 3) with Michael Acceptors. Org Lett 2017; 19:694-697. [PMID: 28103042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-catalyzed reduction of Michael acceptors is a challenging reaction that proceeds with specific FLP structures. Kinetics and equilibrium of the reactions of two phosphines (Ar3P), namely tri(1-naphthyl)phosphine and tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, are reported with reference electrophiles. The reason for the failure of the FLPs (Ar3P/B(C6F5)3) to reduce activated alkenes under H2 pressure is shown to be a hydrophosphination process that inhibits the reduction reaction. Kinetic and thermodynamic factors controlling both pathways are discussed in light of Mayr's free linear energy relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Dupré
- Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, CNRS-UMR 6507, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Normandie, 6, Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, Caen 14000, France
| | - Annie-Claude Gaumont
- Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, CNRS-UMR 6507, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Normandie, 6, Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, Caen 14000, France
| | - Sami Lakhdar
- Normandie Université, Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique, CNRS-UMR 6507, ENSICAEN, Université de Caen Normandie, 6, Boulevard du Maréchal Juin, Caen 14000, France
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24
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Wang T, Jentgens X, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-Catalyzed Reaction of Phosphorus/Boron and Nitrogen/Boron Frustrated Lewis Pair Dihydrogen Activation Products with Alkenes and Alkynes. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201601229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongdao Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Xenia Jentgens
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Germany
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25
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Mahesh S, Vijaya Anand R. B(C6F5)3 catalysed reduction of para-quinone methides and fuchsones to access unsymmetrical diaryl- and triarylmethanes: elaboration to beclobrate. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8393-8401. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02007d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An effective method for the synthesis of diaryl- and triarylmethane derivatives through a Lewis acid catalyzed reduction of para-quinone methides and fuchsones, respectively, using the Hantzsch ester as a hydride surrogate is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sriram Mahesh
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
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26
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Elmer LM, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Siedow M, Eckert H, Tesch M, Studer A, Williams K, Warren TH, Erker G. The Chemistry of a Non-Interacting Vicinal Frustrated Phosphane/Borane Lewis Pair. Chemistry 2016; 23:6056-6068. [PMID: 27925311 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The dimesitylphosphinocyclopentene/HB(C6 F5 )2 -derived vicinal trans-1,2-P/B frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) 4 shows no direct phosphane-borane interaction. Toward some reagents it behaves similar to an intermolecular FLP; it cleaves dihydrogen, deprotonates terminal alkynes, and adds to organic carbonyl compounds including CO2 . It shows typical intramolecular FLP reaction modes (cooperative 1,1-additions) to mesityl azide, to carbon monoxide, and to NO. The latter reaction yields a persistent P/B FLPNO nitroxide radical, which undergoes H-atom abstraction reactions. The FLP 4 serves as a template for the CO reduction by [HB(C6 F5 )2 ] to generate a FLP-η2 -formylborane. The formylborane moiety is removed from the FLP template by reaction with pyridine to yield a genuine pyridine stabilized formylborane that undergoes characteristic borane carbaldehyde reactions (Wittig olefination, imine formation). Most new products were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Maria Elmer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie Siedow
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universutät Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hellmut Eckert
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universutät Münster, Corrensstraße 28/30, 48149, Münster, Germany.,Instituto de Física Sao Carlos, Universidade de Sao Paulo, CP 369, 13560-970, Sao Carlos, SP, Brasil
| | - Matthias Tesch
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kamille Williams
- Georgetown University, Department of Chemistry, Box 571227, Washington DC, 20057-1227, USA
| | - Timothy H Warren
- Georgetown University, Department of Chemistry, Box 571227, Washington DC, 20057-1227, USA
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
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27
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Perfluoroalkylation of Alkenes by Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Chemistry 2016; 22:17177-17181. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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