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Ohmatsu K, Morita Y, Kiyokawa M, Ooi T. Catalytic Asymmetric Cyanoalkylation of Electron-Deficient Olefins with Potassium Cyanide and Alkyl Halides. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11218-11224. [PMID: 34270904 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective cyanoalkylation of electron-deficient olefins with potassium cyanide and alkyl halides was developed based on the utilization of modular chiral 1,2,3-triazolium salts featuring a hydrogen bond-donor ability as catalysts. The reaction involving multiple carbon-carbon bond formations proceeds via the enantioselective conjugate addition of a cyanide ion and the consecutive catalyst-controlled diastereoselective alkylation of intermediary chiral triazolium enolates. Control experiments revealed that the use of a properly tuned chiral triazolium ion as a catalyst and the presence of the cyano functionality in the intermediary enolate are of crucial importance for achieving high levels of acyclic absolute and relative stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohsuke Ohmatsu
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yusuke Morita
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Mari Kiyokawa
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Ooi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM) and Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Emmetiere F, Ratnayake R, Schares HAM, Jones KFM, Bevan-Smith E, Luesch H, Harki DA, Grenning AJ. Function-Oriented and Modular (+/-)-cis-Pseudoguaianolide Synthesis: Discovery of New Nrf2 Activators and NF-κB Inhibitors. Chemistry 2021; 27:5564-5571. [PMID: 33502811 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Described herein is a function-oriented synthesis route and biological evaluation of pseudoguaianolide analogues. The 10-step synthetic route developed retains the topological complexity of the natural product, installs functional handles for late-stage diversification, and forges the key bioactive Michael acceptors early in the synthesis. The analogues were found to be low-micromolar Nrf2 activators and micromolar NF-κB inhibitors and dependent on the local environment of the Michael acceptor moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Emmetiere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Henry A M Schares
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Katherine F M Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Emily Bevan-Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development (CNPD3), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Daniel A Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, PO Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
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Semenova E, Lahtigui O, Scott SK, Albritton M, Abboud KA, Ghiviriga I, Roitberg AE, Grenning AJ. Selective ring-rearrangement or ring-closing metathesis of bicyclo[3.2.1]octenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11779-11782. [PMID: 32940291 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04624h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Explored was the competitive ring-closing metathesis vs. ring-rearrangement metathesis of bicyclo[3.2.1]octenes prepared by a simple and convergent synthesis from bicyclic alkylidenemalono-nitriles and allylic electrophiles. It was uncovered that ring-closing metathesis occurs exclusively on the tetraene-variant, yielding unique, stereochemically and functionally rich polycyclic bridged frameworks, whereas the reduced version (a triene) undergoes ring-rearrangement metathesis to 5-6-5 fused ring systems resembling the isoryanodane core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniya Semenova
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P. O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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4
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Jiang S, Chen M, Xu X. Formation of Zn-Zn and Zn-Pd Bonded Complexes by Reactions of Terminal Zinc Hydrides with Pd(II) Species. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:13213-13220. [PMID: 31502831 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Divalent palladium-induced homocoupling of terminal zinc hydrides to zinc-zinc bonded complexes was achieved herein. Reactions of zinc hydrides [LZnH] (L = CH3C(2,6-iPr2C6H3N)CHC(CH3)(N(CH2)nCH2PPh2); 1a: n = 1; 1b: n = 2) with 0.5 equiv of allyl(cyclopentadienyl)palladium(II) afforded heterotrinuclear [Zn2Pd] complexes 3 containing direct Zn-Zn and Zn-Pd bonds, with concomitant elimination of propylene and cyclopentadiene. Complexes 3 were also accessed by the reactions of zinc hydrides 1 with allylpalladium(II) chloride with release of propylene and hydrogen chloride. Treatment of zinc hydrides 1 with 1 equiv of allyl(cyclopentadienyl)palladium(II) gave Zn-Pd bonded complex 5 by elimination of propylene, which can be transformed into heterotrinuclear complex 3 by further reaction with one additional molar equivalent of zinc hydrides. Heterobimetallic Zn-Pd complex 5b was found to be an effective catalyst in the hydrosilylation of benzaldehyde and its derivatives. Reaction of 5b with silane reagent Ph2SiH2 produced [Pd2Si2H2] complex 8 with cleavage of the Pd-Zn bond, which served as an initiating species in the catalytic reaction. Complexes 4b, 5, and 8 in this study were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , P. R. China
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5
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Pan H, Han MY, Li P, Wang L. “On Water” Direct Catalytic Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of Silyl Glyoxylates. J Org Chem 2019; 84:14281-14290. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Man-Yi Han
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Vertesaljai P, Serrano R, Mannchen MD, Williams M, Semenova E, Grenning AJ. Promoting Thermodynamically Unfavorable [3,3] Rearrangements by Chemoselective Reduction. Org Lett 2019; 21:5704-5707. [PMID: 31265314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein described is a strategy for promoting thermodynamically unfavorable [3,3] Cope rearrangements. 3,3-Dicyano-1,5-dienes that are resistant to the thermal rearrangement can be promoted under reductive conditions. The reduced Cope products are versatile, bifunctional building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vertesaljai
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Roberto Serrano
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Michael D Mannchen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Matthew Williams
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Evgeniya Semenova
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
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Fereyduni E, Sanders JN, Gonzalez G, Houk KN, Grenning AJ. Transient [3,3] Cope rearrangement of 3,3-dicyano-1,5-dienes: computational analysis and 2-step synthesis of arylcycloheptanes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8760-8764. [PMID: 30627397 PMCID: PMC6295866 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03057j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and modular route to arylcycloheptene scaffolds is reported. The two-step route from Knoevenagel adducts and allylic electrophiles is made possible through the design of a Cope rearrangement that utilizes a "traceless" activating group to promote an otherwise thermodynamically unfavorable transformation. Experimentally, the [3,3] rearrangement occurrs transiently at room temperature with a computed barrier of 19.5 kcal mol-1, which ultimately allows for three-component bis-allylation. Ring-closing metathesis delivers the arylcycloheptane and removes the activating group. This report describes the design and optimization of the methodology, scope and mechanistic studies, and computational analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fereyduni
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611 , USA .
| | - Jacob N Sanders
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569 , Los Angeles , CA 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Gabriel Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611 , USA .
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - Los Angeles , 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Box 951569 , Los Angeles , CA 90095-1569 , USA .
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , P.O. Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611 , USA .
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Vertesaljai P, Ghiviriga I, Grenning AJ. Complex Hydroindoles by an Intramolecular Nitrile-Intercepted Allylic Alkylation Cascade Reaction. Org Lett 2018; 20:1970-1973. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Vertesaljai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Ion Ghiviriga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Alexander J. Grenning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Fereyduni E, Grenning AJ. Factors Governing and Application of the Cope Rearrangement of 3,3-Dicyano-1,5-dienes and Related Studies. Org Lett 2017; 19:4130-4133. [PMID: 28723219 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cope and co-workers reported the [3,3] rearrangement of 3,3-dicyano-1,5-dienes in the early 1940s ("The Cope rearrangement"). However, these original substrates have remained largely unstudied until recently. Herein we explore styrene-deconjugating Cope rearrangements, a diastereoselective Cope rearrangement/deconjugative α-allylation sequence, and factors governing α- vs γ-allylation regioselectivity of Knoevenagel adduct allyl anions. Ultimately, these studies result in the synthesis of diverse and functionally dense polycycloalkane frameworks from abundant reagents using simple chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fereyduni
- University of Florida , Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Alexander J Grenning
- University of Florida , Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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Scott SK, Grenning AJ. An Enyne Cope Rearrangement Enables Polycycloalkane Synthesis from Readily Available Starting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Scott
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Alexander J. Grenning
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
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Zhang W, Ghiviriga I, Grenning AJ. A deconjugative alkylation/Diels-Alder cycloaddition strategy to synthesize 2-substituted bicyclic scaffolds. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Scott SK, Grenning AJ. An Enyne Cope Rearrangement Enables Polycycloalkane Synthesis from Readily Available Starting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:8125-8129. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Scott
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Alexander J. Grenning
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
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Navaratne PV, Grenning AJ. Deconjugative alkylation/Heck reaction as a simple platform for dihydronaphthalene synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:69-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02250b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple platform for carbocycle synthesis by Knoevenagel adduct deconjugative alkylation/“pairing” reaction is described.
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Lahtigui O, Emmetiere F, Zhang W, Jirmo L, Toledo-Roy S, Hershberger JC, Macho JM, Grenning AJ. Assembly of Terpenoid Cores by a Simple, Tunable Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201608863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ouidad Lahtigui
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Fabien Emmetiere
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Liban Jirmo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Samira Toledo-Roy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - John C. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics; Arkansas State University; Jonesboro AR 72467 USA
| | - Jocelyn M. Macho
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Alexander J. Grenning
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
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Lahtigui O, Emmetiere F, Zhang W, Jirmo L, Toledo-Roy S, Hershberger JC, Macho JM, Grenning AJ. Assembly of Terpenoid Cores by a Simple, Tunable Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:15792-15796. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201608863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ouidad Lahtigui
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Fabien Emmetiere
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Liban Jirmo
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Samira Toledo-Roy
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - John C. Hershberger
- Department of Chemistry and Physics; Arkansas State University; Jonesboro AR 72467 USA
| | - Jocelyn M. Macho
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
| | - Alexander J. Grenning
- Department of Chemistry; University of Florida; PO Box 117200 Gainesville FL 32611-7200 USA
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