1
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Keerthika K, S BM, Geetharani K. Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethylated Ketones from α,β-Unsaturated Ketones via Catecholboron Enolates. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 39058387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a protocol for the synthesis of α-trifluoromethylated ketones through trifluoromethylation of the corresponding catecholboron enolates of α,β-unsaturated ketones. The reaction of the 1,4-hydroborated product of enones with the Togni II reagent affords the α-trifluoromethylated ketones without any catalyst or additive. Moreover, the protocol has been employed on a series of α,β-unsaturated ketones, including chalcones, substrate-bearing heterocycles, and bioactive molecules. Mechanistic studies suggest the involvement of a trifluoromethyl radical during the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Keerthika
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Bazil Muhammed S
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - K Geetharani
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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2
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Budny-Godlewski K, Piekarski DG, Justyniak I, Leszczyński MK, Nawrocki J, Kubas A, Lewiński J. Uncovering Factors Controlling Reactivity of Metal-TEMPO Reaction Systems in the Solid State and Solution. Chemistry 2024:e202401968. [PMID: 38801170 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nitroxides find application in various areas of chemistry, and a more in-depth understanding of factors controlling their reactivity with metal complexes is warranted to promote further developments. Here, we report on the effect of the metal centre Lewis acidity on both the distribution of the O- and N-centered spin density in 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) and turning TEMPO from the O- to N-radical mode scavenger in metal-TEMPO systems. We use Et(Cl)Zn/TEMPO model reaction system with tuneable reactivity in the solid state and solution. Among various products, a unique Lewis acid-base adduct of Cl2Zn with the N-ethylated TEMPO was isolated and structurally characterised, and the so-called solid-state 'slow chemistry' reaction led to a higher yield of the N-alkylated product. The revealed structure-activity/selectivity correlations are exceptional yet are entirely rationalised by the mechanistic underpinning supported by theoretical calculations of studied model systems. This work lays a foundation and mechanistic blueprint for future metal/nitroxide systems exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Budny-Godlewski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz G Piekarski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Justyniak
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał K Leszczyński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Nawrocki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Kubas
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Abstract
Nitroxides, also known as nitroxyl radicals, are long-lived or stable radicals with the general structure R1R2N-O•. The spin distribution over the nitroxide N and O atoms contributes to the thermodynamic stability of these radicals. The presence of bulky N-substituents R1 and R2 prevents nitroxide radical dimerization, ensuring their kinetic stability. Despite their reactivity toward various transient C radicals, some nitroxides can be easily stored under air at room temperature. Furthermore, nitroxides can be oxidized to oxoammonium salts (R1R2N═O+) or reduced to anions (R1R2N-O-), enabling them to act as valuable oxidants or reductants depending on their oxidation state. Therefore, they exhibit interesting reactivity across all three oxidation states. Due to these fascinating properties, nitroxides find extensive applications in diverse fields such as biochemistry, medicinal chemistry, materials science, and organic synthesis. This review focuses on the versatile applications of nitroxides in organic synthesis. For their use in other important fields, we will refer to several review articles. The introductory part provides a brief overview of the history of nitroxide chemistry. Subsequently, the key methods for preparing nitroxides are discussed, followed by an examination of their structural diversity and physical properties. The main portion of this review is dedicated to oxidation reactions, wherein parent nitroxides or their corresponding oxoammonium salts serve as active species. It will be demonstrated that various functional groups (such as alcohols, amines, enolates, and alkanes among others) can be efficiently oxidized. These oxidations can be carried out using nitroxides as catalysts in combination with various stoichiometric terminal oxidants. By reducing nitroxides to their corresponding anions, they become effective reducing reagents with intriguing applications in organic synthesis. Nitroxides possess the ability to selectively react with transient radicals, making them useful for terminating radical cascade reactions by forming alkoxyamines. Depending on their structure, alkoxyamines exhibit weak C-O bonds, allowing for the thermal generation of C radicals through reversible C-O bond cleavage. Such thermally generated C radicals can participate in various radical transformations, as discussed toward the end of this review. Furthermore, the application of this strategy in natural product synthesis will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Leifert
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Armido Studer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Dhanwant K, Saini A, Chivers T, Thirumoorthi R. Temperature-Assisted Generation of Arylmethyl Radicals from Bis(arylmethyl)tin Dichlorides: Efficient Reagents for C s p 3 ${{{\bf C}}_{{{\bf s p}}^{3}}}$ - C s p 2 ${{{\bf C}}_{{{\bf s p}}^{2}}}$ Bond-Forming Reactions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202844. [PMID: 36512637 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The oxidative-addition reaction between an arylmethyl chloride (RCH2 Cl; R=1-C10 H7 , 2,4,6-Me3 C6 H2 , 4-MeC6 H4 , 3-MeC6 H4 , C6 H5 , 4-ClC6 H4 ) and tin powder in boiling toluene produces bis(arylmethyl)tin dichlorides, [(RCH2 )2 SnCl2 ] in good yields. At 160 °C in mesitylene bis(1-naphthylmethyl)tin dichloride undergoes Sn-C homolytic cleavage to generate two 1-naphthylmethyl radicals (1-C10 H7 CH2 ⋅) which were trapped by TEMPO (C9 H8 NO⋅). Subsequently, the radicals (RCH2 ⋅) produced in this manner were utilized for efficient substitution reactions with electron-rich arenes (R'H; R'=2,4,6-Me3 C6 H2 , 1,2,4,5-Me4 C6 H, 1,2,3,4,5-Me5 C6 ) to obtain a variety of unsymmetrical diarylmethanes (RR'CH2 ). The addition of one equivalent of iodine (I2 ) to the reaction mixture resulted in a significant increase in the yields of coupled products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisturi Dhanwant
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Aarti Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, India
| | - Tristram Chivers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2 N 1 N4, Canada
| | - Ramalingam Thirumoorthi
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, NH8, Bandarsindri, Ajmer, 305817, India
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5
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Kuang S, Sun L, Zhang X, Liao X, Rees TW, Zeng L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ji L, Chao H. A Mitochondrion‐Localized Two‐Photon Photosensitizer Generating Carbon Radicals Against Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Thomas W. Rees
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong S.A.R. P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 400201 P. R. China
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6
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Kuang S, Sun L, Zhang X, Liao X, Rees TW, Zeng L, Chen Y, Zhang X, Ji L, Chao H. A Mitochondrion-Localized Two-Photon Photosensitizer Generating Carbon Radicals Against Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:20697-20703. [PMID: 32735748 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The efficacy of photodynamic therapy is typically reliant on the local concentration and diffusion of oxygen. Due to the hypoxic microenvironment found in solid tumors, oxygen-independent photosensitizers are in great demand for cancer therapy. We herein report an iridium(III) anthraquinone complex as a mitochondrion-localized carbon-radical initiator. Its emission is turned on under hypoxic conditions after reduction by reductase. Furthermore, its two-photon excitation properties (λex =730 nm) are highly desirable for imaging. Upon irradiation, the reduced form of the complex generates carbon radicals, leading to a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell death (IC50 light =2.1 μm, IC50 dark =58.2 μm, PI=27.7). The efficacy of the complex as a PDT agent was also demonstrated under hypoxic conditions in vivo. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first metal-complex-based theranostic agent which can generate carbon radicals for oxygen-independent two-photon photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Kuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lingli Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xinxing Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Thomas W Rees
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Leli Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiting Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong S.A.R., P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecule, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 400201, P. R. China
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7
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Zhan JL, Wu MW, Wei D, Wei BY, Jiang Y, Yu W, Han B. 4-HO-TEMPO-Catalyzed Redox Annulation of Cyclopropanols with Oxime Acetates toward Pyridine Derivatives. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Long Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng-Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bang-Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Abstract
While conventional approaches to stabilizing main group radicals have involved the use of Lewis acids or bases, this tutorial review focuses on new avenues to main group radicals derived from combinations of donor and acceptor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Toronto
- Toronto
- Canada
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9
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Siu JC, Sauer GS, Saha A, Macey RL, Fu N, Chauviré T, Lancaster KM, Lin S. Electrochemical Azidooxygenation of Alkenes Mediated by a TEMPO-N 3 Charge-Transfer Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:12511-12520. [PMID: 30160949 PMCID: PMC6212300 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report a mild and efficient electrochemical protocol to access a variety of vicinally C-O and C-N difunctionalized compounds from simple alkenes. Detailed mechanistic studies revealed a distinct reaction pathway from those previously reported for TEMPO-mediated reactions. In this mechanism, electrochemically generated oxoammonium ion facilitates the formation of azidyl radical via a charge-transfer complex with azide, TEMPO-N3. DFT calculations together with spectroscopic characterization provided a tentative structural assignment of this charge-transfer complex. Kinetic and kinetic isotopic effect studies revealed that reversible dissociation of TEMPO-N3 into TEMPO• and azidyl precedes the addition of these radicals across the alkene in the rate-determining step. The resulting azidooxygenated product could then be easily manipulated for further synthetic elaborations. The discovery of this new reaction pathway mediated by the TEMPO+/TEMPO• redox couple may expand the scope of aminoxyl radical chemistry in synthetic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juno C. Siu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Gregory S. Sauer
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Ambarneil Saha
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Reed L. Macey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Niankai Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Timothée Chauviré
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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10
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Liu LL, Cao LL, Zhu D, Zhou J, Stephan DW. Homolytic cleavage of peroxide bonds via a single electron transfer of a frustrated Lewis pair. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7431-7434. [PMID: 29781011 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Single electron transfer (SET) reactions are effected by the combination of a Mes3P/B(C6F5)3 frustrated Lewis pair with benzoyl peroxide derivatives. The resulting homolytic cleavage of the peroxide bonds affords the radical salts [Mes3P˙]+[RCOOB(C6F5)3]- (R = Ph 1, p-BrC6H42, p-MeC6H43). These species react with Ph3SnH to give [Mes3PH]+[RCOOB(C6F5)3]- (R = Ph 10, p-BrC6H411, p-MeC6H412) and (Ph3Sn)2. The mechanism of these SET reactions is discussed in light of control experiments and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Levy L Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Diya Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Jiliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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11
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G. Reis S, del Águila-Sánchez MA, P. Guedes G, Navarro Y, A. Allão Cassaro R, B. Ferreiraa G, Calancea S, López-Ortiz F, G. F. Vaz M. Novel P,P-diphenylphosphinic amide-TEMPO radicals family: Synthesis, crystal structures, spectroscopic characterization, magnetic properties and DFT calculations. Polyhedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Wang T, Daniliuc CG, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Kehr G, Erker G. Formation of Reactive π-Conjugated Frustrated N/B Pairs by Borane-Induced Propargyl Amine Rearrangement. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3635-3643. [PMID: 29444567 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
N-Propargyltetramethylpiperidine reacts with a series of trans-alkenyl-B(C6F5)2 compounds to give the substituted alkenyl-bridged frustrated N/B Lewis pairs 5. Their structures and spectroscopic features indicate a pronounced participation of the mesomeric s-trans-iminium/borata-alkene resonance form. The compounds are thought to be formed in a stepwise addition/rearrangement process which is initiated by a trans-1,2-amine/borane FLP addition to the carbon-carbon triple bond to generate a reactive zwitterionic aziridinium/alkenylborate intermediate. Subsequent alkenylborate attack leads to opening of the activated three-membered heterocycle with clean formation of the products 5a-c. Treatment of the propargyl-TMP substrate with B(C6F5)3 gave a stable example of such an aziridinium/borate betaine, which was isolated and amply characterized. The products 5a-c are active N/B FLPs. They split dihydrogen heterolytically under mild conditions to give the respective NH+/BH- products 9a-c. These contain Z-configurated core C═C double bonds, which indicates rotational equilibration around the central C-C bond of 5a-c during this reaction. Structural and chemical features of the 5c system were analyzed by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongdao Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany
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13
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Wang L, Jian Z, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Formation of borata-alkene/iminium zwitterions by ynamine hydroboration. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10853-10856. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02435a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ynamine TMP–CC–CH3 adds HB(C6F5)2 to give the unsaturated C2-bridged N/B FLP, which shows a marked participation of the mesomeric zwitterionic borata-alkene/iminium form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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14
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Tao X, Türkyilmaz F, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Reactions of strongly electrophilic alkenyl(pentafluorophenyl)boranes with the TEMPO radical. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Liu YL, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Utilizing the TEMPO Radical in Zirconocene Cation and Hydrido Zirconocene Chemistry. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lin Liu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
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16
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Chen G, Daniliuc CG, Kehr G, Erker G. Making Use of the Functional Group Combination of a Phosphane/Borane Lewis Pair Connected by an Unsaturated Four‐Carbon Bridge. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201700570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo‐Qiang Chen
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Constantin G. Daniliuc
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch‐Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms‐Universität Münster Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
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17
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Wei H, Zhang L, Phan H, Huang X, Herng TS, Zhou J, Zeng W, Ding J, Luo S, Wu J, Zeng Z. A Stable N
-Annulated Perylene-Bridged Bisphenoxyl Diradicaloid and the Corresponding Boron Trifluoride Complex. Chemistry 2017; 23:9419-9424. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haipeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University; Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University; Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Hoa Phan
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering; Wenzhou University; Wenzhou 325035 P. R. China
| | - Tun Seng Herng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University; Changsha 410082 P. R. China
| | - Wangdong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; National University of Singapore; 119260 Singapore
| | - Shenglian Luo
- College of Environmental and Engineering; Nanchang Hangkong University; Nanchang 330063 P. R. China
| | - Jishan Wu
- Department of Chemistry; National University of Singapore; 3 Science Drive 3 117543 Singapore Singapore
| | - Zebing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University; Changsha 410082 P. R. China
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18
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Kehr G, Erker G. Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry: Searching for New Reactions. CHEM REC 2017; 17:803-815. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; 48149 Münster Corrensstr. 40 Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität; 48149 Münster Corrensstr. 40 Germany
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19
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Longobardi LE, Zatsepin P, Korol R, Liu L, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Reactions of Boron-Derived Radicals with Nucleophiles. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 139:426-435. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Longobardi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Pavel Zatsepin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Roman Korol
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Lei Liu
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut fuer Physikalische und
Theoretische Chemie, Universitaet Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut fuer Physikalische und
Theoretische Chemie, Universitaet Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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20
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Pyziak J, Walkowiak J, Marciniec B. Recent Advances in Boron-Substituted 1,3-Dienes Chemistry: Synthesis and Application. Chemistry 2016; 23:3502-3541. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Pyziak
- Centre for Advanced Technologies; Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; Umultowska 89c 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Centre for Advanced Technologies; Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; Umultowska 89c 61-614 Poznań Poland
| | - Bogdan Marciniec
- Centre for Advanced Technologies; Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; Umultowska 89c 61-614 Poznań Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry; Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań; Umultowska 89c 61-614 Poznań Poland
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21
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Liu YL, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Erker G. Geminal bis-borane formation by borane Lewis acid induced cyclopropyl rearrangement and its frustrated Lewis pair reaction with carbon dioxide. Chem Sci 2016; 8:1097-1104. [PMID: 28451249 PMCID: PMC5369401 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc03468c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The borylated tetrahydroborole obtained by the reaction of cyclopropylacetylene with Piers' borane adds carbon dioxide under frustrated Lewis pair conditions.
Cyclopropylacetylene reacts with two molar equivalents of Piers' borane [HB(C6F5)2] under mild conditions by an addition/rearrangement sequence with cyclopropyl ring opening to give a mixture of two α-B(C6F5)2 substituted tetrahydroboroles. This compound forms an active frustrated Lewis pair with PtBu3 that heterolytically splits dihydrogen and adds carbon dioxide as a geminal chelate bis-boryl component. The respective reactions of the two-fold HB(C6F5)2 addition to Ph-CH2CH2C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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CH were studied as a geminal Lewis acid reference. Most of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lin Liu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Constantin G Daniliuc
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut , Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40 , 48149 Münster , Germany .
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22
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Nelyubina YV, Ananyev IV, Novikov VV, Lyssenko KA. Invariom approach to electron density studies of open-shell compounds: the case of an organic nitroxide radical. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21365k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The study reports the successful modeling of electron density with invarioms for an open-shell compound, an organic nitroxide radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu. V. Nelyubina
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - I. V. Ananyev
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - V. V. Novikov
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
| | - K. A. Lyssenko
- A.N.Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russia
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