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Wang S, Xu Y, Fang Y, Liu X. Redox-switchable microemulsions with efficient phase separation and surfactant recycling. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:363-369. [PMID: 38850863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Switchable microemulsions (MEs) are those capable of adaptively responding to the action of internal or external stimuli. For redox-switchable MEs to obtain high-efficiency phase separation and surfactant recycling, it may be one of the keys to adequately turn off the interfacial activity of surfactants and reduce the solubility of the closed surfactants in the oil phase. EXPERIMENTS Monophasic MEs consisting 11-butylselanyl-undecyl sulfate sodium (C4SeC11SO4Na), n-butanol, n-octane, and water were fabricated using the pseudo-ternary phase diagram method. Their structural features and droplets size were characterized by conductivity, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), respectively. The redox response of MEs was studied using a combination of visual observations and DLS, cryo-TEM, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and thin-layer tomography. The efficient recycling of C4SeC11SO4Na from a well-emulsified eluent is conceptually demonstrated. FINDINGS The reversible transition between C4SeC11SO4Na and C4SeOC11SO4Na is achieved under the alternating action of H2O2 and N2H4, by which C4SeC11SO4Na-based monophasic MEs are able to efficiently demulsify and regenerate, respectively, regardless of their type. After H2O2-induced demulsification of the MEs, C4SeOC11SO4Na can be efficiently recycled with the water phase. We hope that such a redox-switching method may benefit some technological applications. For example, it offers exciting possibilities for simultaneous recycling C4SeC11SO4Na and removal of oil from a well-emulsified eluent. Around 97.1 ± 0.3 % of C4SeC11SO4Na could be recycled over five cycles with no apparent loss. After a simple and conventional treatment with anion-exchange resin and active carbon, the total organic carbon and chemical oxygen demand of the waste water were 17.4 ± 2.8 and 26.2 ± 1.4 mg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yinjun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; Zanyu Technology Group Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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2
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Spitzmüller L, Berson J, Nitschke F, Kohl T, Schimmel T. Titania-mediated stabilization of fluorescent dye encapsulation in mesoporous silica nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3450-3461. [PMID: 38933859 PMCID: PMC11197426 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00242c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles hosting guest molecules are a versatile tool with applications in various fields such as life and environmental sciences. Current commonly applied pore blocking strategies are not universally applicable and are often not robust enough to withstand harsh ambient conditions (e.g. geothermal). In this work, a titania layer is utilized as a robust pore blocker, with a test-case where it is used for the encapsulation of fluorescent dyes. The layer is formed by a hydrolysis process of a titania precursor in an adapted microemulsion system and demonstrates effective protection of both the dye payload and the silica core from disintegration under otherwise damaging external conditions. The produced dye-MSN@TiO2 particles are characterized by means of electron microscopy, elemental mapping, ζ-potential, X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fluorescence and absorbance spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - Total Attenuated Reflectance (FT-IR ATR). Finally, the performance of the titania-encapsulated MSNs is demonstrated in long-term aqueous stability and in flow-through experiments, where owing to improved dispersion encapsulated dye results in improved flow properties compared to free dye properties. This behavior exemplifies the potential advantage of carrier-borne marker molecules over free dye molecules in applications where accessibility or targeting are a factor, thus this encapsulation method increases the variety of fields of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Spitzmüller
- Geothermal Energy and Reservoir Technology, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jonathan Berson
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Fabian Nitschke
- Geothermal Energy and Reservoir Technology, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Thomas Kohl
- Geothermal Energy and Reservoir Technology, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Thomas Schimmel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Wolfgang-Gaede-Straße 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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3
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Abdulkadir BA, Jalil AA, Cheng CK, Setiabudi HD. Progress and Advances in Porous Silica-based Scaffolds for Enhanced Solid-state Hydrogen Storage: A Systematic Literature Review. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202300833. [PMID: 37997488 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen plays a crucial role in the future energy landscape owing to its high energy density. However, finding an ideal storage material is the key challenge to the success of the hydrogen economy. Various solid-state hydrogen storage materials, such as metal hydrides, have been developed to realize safe, effective, and compact hydrogen storage. However, low kinetics and thermodynamic stability lead to a high working temperature and a low hydrogen sorption rate of the metal hydrides. Using scaffolds made from porous materials like silica to confine the metal hydrides is necessary for better and improved hydrogen storage. Therefore, this article reviews porous silica-based scaffolds as an ideal material for improved hydrogen storage. The outcome showed that confining the metal hydrides using scaffolds based on porous silica significantly increases their storage capacities. It was also found that the structural modifications of the silica-based scaffold into a hollow structure further improved the storage capacity and increased the affinity and confinement ability of the metal hydrides, which prevents the agglomeration of metal particles during the adsorption/desorption process. Hence, the structural modifications of the silica material into a fibrous and hollow material are recommended to be crucial for further enhancing the metal hydride storage capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Abdulkadir
- Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid & Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - A A Jalil
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre of Hydrogen Energy, Institute of Future Energy, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - C K Cheng
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - H D Setiabudi
- Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid & Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Chemical & Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300, Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia E-mail: address
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4
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Brito ML, Huband S, Walker M, Walton RI, de Sousa Filho PC. Nanoporous YVO 4 as a luminescent host for probing molecular encapsulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:11393-11396. [PMID: 37668052 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03501h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Control of phase separation of VO43- and rare earth precursors in reverse microemulsions afforded ∼35 nm YVO4 nanoparticles with functionalisable ∼7 ± 3 nm nanopores. Doping by Eu3+ allowed luminescent probing of interfacial crystallisation while xylenol orange absorption showed molecular encapsulation in particle cavities. This provides potential multifunctional systems combining UV-Vis-NIR luminescence and (photo)active molecules for optical sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Lima Brito
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), R. Monteiro Lobato, 270, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Steven Huband
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Marc Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Richard I Walton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Paulo C de Sousa Filho
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (Unicamp), R. Monteiro Lobato, 270, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Saw G, Nagdev P, Jeer M, Murali-Baskaran RK. Silica nanoparticles mediated insect pest management. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105524. [PMID: 37532341 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is known for mitigating the biotic and abiotic stresses of crop plants. Many studies have proved beneficial effects of bulk silicon against biotic stresses in general and insect pests in particular. However, the beneficial effects of silica nanoparticles in crop plants against insect pests were barely studied and reported. By virtue of its physical and chemical nature, silica nanoparticles offer various advantages over bulk silicon sources for its applications in the field of insect pest management. Silica nanoparticles can act as insecticide for killing target insect pest or it can act as a carrier of insecticide molecule for its sustained release. Silica nanoparticles can improve plant resistance to insect pests and also aid in attracting natural enemies via enhanced volatile compounds emission. Silica nanoparticles are safe to use and eco-friendly in nature in comparison to synthetic pesticides. This review provides insights into the applications of silica nanoparticles in insect pest management along with discussion on its synthesis, side effects and future course of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Saw
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Priyanka Nagdev
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Mallikarjuna Jeer
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India.
| | - R K Murali-Baskaran
- ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur 493225, Chhattisgarh, India
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6
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Kuhlmann N, Wickleder C. Glowing selenates: novel alkaline earth nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21225-21230. [PMID: 37456537 PMCID: PMC10339161 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01669b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to now, no selenate nanoparticles have been described even though much research has been done on respective oxidic compounds such as sulfates and phosphates. For the first time, alkaline earth selenates of the composition MSeO4 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba) were synthesized as nanoparticles or nanorods as described in this publication. For this purpose, a micro emulsion method was applied using CTAB as a surfactant. Using X-ray diffraction measurements (XRD) phase purity of the materials could be proven. Furthermore, the nanoparticles were analyzed by raster electron microscopy (REM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements. Finally, the products were doped with small amounts of Eu3+ to obtain luminescent materials. Successful doping was demonstrated by luminescence investigations in the region of 18 000 to 14 000 cm-1 (550-715 nm). Incorporation of Eu3+ led to strong red-emitting nanoparticles. Low temperature measurements at 10 K allowed conclusions about the site symmetry of Eu3+ ions located on the alkaline earth sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kuhlmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Siegen 57068 Siegen Germany
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7
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Peng L, Gineste S, Coudret C, Ciuculescu-Pradines D, Benoît-Marquié F, Mingotaud C, Marty JD. Iron-based hybrid polyionic complexes as chemical reservoirs for the pH-triggered synthesis of Prussian blue nanoparticles. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 649:900-908. [PMID: 37390537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Hybrid polyion complexes (HPICs) obtained from the complexation in aqueous solution of a double hydrophilic block copolymer and metal ions can act as efficient precursors for the controlled synthesis of nanoparticles. In particular, the possibility to control the availability of metal ions by playing on the pH conditions is of special interest to obtain nanoparticles with controlled size and composition. EXPERIMENTS HPICs based on Fe3+ ions were used to initiate the formation of Prussian blue (PB) nanoparticles in presence of potassium ferrocyanide in reaction media with varying pH values. FINDINGS Complexed Fe3+ ions within HPICs can be easily released by adjusting the pH value either through the addition of a base/acid or by using a merocyanine photoacid. This allows to modulate the reactivity of Fe3+ ions with potassium ferrocyanide present in solution. As a result, PB nanoparticles with different structures (core, core-shell), composition and controlled size are obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Peng
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Stéphane Gineste
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Coudret
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Diana Ciuculescu-Pradines
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Florence Benoît-Marquié
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Mingotaud
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
| | - Jean-Daniel Marty
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, CNRS UMR 5623, University of Toulouse, Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
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8
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Rutschmann M, Redinger N, Schaible UE, Feldmann C. Amikacin@SiO 2 core@shell nanocarriers to treat pulmonal bacterial infections. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37161666 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb02609k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
AMC@SiO2 core@shell nanocarriers (AMC: amikacin) are realized and contain an exceptionally high drug load of 0.8 mg mg-1 (i.e. 80% AMC of total nanocarrier mass). They are prepared via a solvent-antisolvent approach with AMC nanoparticles formed in a first step, which are then covered and stabilised by a thin silica shell in a one-pot synthesis. In total, the core@shell nanocarriers exhibit a mean diameter of 240 nm with an inner AMC core of 200 nm and an outer silica shell of 20 nm. Subsequent to synthesis, the nanocarriers can be stored in frozen dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and applied directly after warming to room temperature with particle contents of 5 mg mL-1. Size, structure, and composition of the AMC@SiO2 core@shell nanocarriers are evidenced by electron microscopy (SEM, TEM), spectroscopic methods (EDXS, FT-IR, UV-Vis), as well as X-ray powder diffraction and elemental analysis. As proof-of-concept, the AMC release and the activity of the novel nanocarriers are tested against two relevant, difficult-to-treat and notoriously multidrug resistant, bacterial pathogens: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.) and Mycobacterium abscessus (M.abs.). Colloidal stability, storage stability, high drug load, and activity of the AMC@SiO2 core@shell nanocarriers are promising for, e.g., aerosol-type pulmonal application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Rutschmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Natalja Redinger
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Area Infections, Division Cellular Microbiology, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
| | - Ulrich E Schaible
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Priority Area Infections, Division Cellular Microbiology, Parkallee 1-40, 23845 Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany.
- University of Luebeck, 23562 Luebeck, Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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9
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Jing J, Qi J, Yang Y, Yue W, Wang N, Li X, Lu H. Multiple-Stimuli-Responsive Surfactant-Free Microemulsions Based on Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6730-6739. [PMID: 37133283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) have been applied to colloidal systems such as microemulsions, despite the development of stimulus-responsive HDESs still being in a preliminary stage. Here, menthol and indole were hydrogen bonded to form CO2-responsiveness HDES. A surfactant-free microemulsion constituted of HDES (menthol-indole) as the hydrophobic phase, water as the hydrophilic phase, and ethanol as the double solvent was demonstrated to be CO2- and temperature-responsive. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) proved the single-phase region of the phase diagram, while conductivity and polarity probing techniques confirmed the kind of microemulsion. The ternary phase diagram and DLS methods were used to investigate the responsiveness of CO2 and effect temperature on the microemulsion drop size and behavior of the phase of the HDES/water/ethanol microemulsion. The findings revealed that when temperature increased, the homogeneous phase region increased. The droplet size in the homogeneous phase region of the associated microemulsion may be reversibly and accurately adjusted by adjusting the temperature. Surprisingly, a slight temperature change can cause a significant phase inversion. Furthermore, in the system, there was no demulsification in time for the CO2/N2 responsiveness process but rather the production of a homogeneous and pellucid aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Jie Qi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Yue
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Na Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Li
- Chongqing University of Science & Technology, Chongqing, 401331 Chongqing, China
| | - Hongsheng Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Oilfield Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
- Oil & Gas Field Applied Chemistry Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
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10
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Ghasempour A, Dehghan H, Ataee M, Chen B, Zhao Z, Sedighi M, Guo X, Shahbazi MA. Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles: Preparation, Characterization, and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2023; 28:3857. [PMID: 37175267 PMCID: PMC10179838 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) have been employed in various fields of nanobiotechnology due to their proven biomedical properties. They are unique in their properties due to their size and shape, and they are popular in the area of biosensors, bioimaging, and antibacterial and anticancer applications. Most CdS NPs are generally synthesized through chemical, physical, or biological methods. Among these methods, biogenic synthesis has attracted more attention due to its high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and biocompatibility features. The green approach was found to be superior to other methods in terms of maintaining the structural characteristics needed for optimal biomedical applications. The size and coating components of CdS NPs play a crucial role in their biomedical activities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. CdS NPs have gained significant interest in bioimaging due to their desirable properties, including good dispersion, cell integrity preservation, and efficient light scattering. Despite these, further studies are necessary, particularly in vivo studies to reduce NPs' toxicity. This review discusses the different methods of synthesis, how CdS NPs are characterized, and their applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ghasempour
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Hamideh Dehghan
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Ataee
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Bozhi Chen
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zeqiang Zhao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mahsa Sedighi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853076, Iran
| | - Xindong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Jia F, Gao Y, Wang H. Recent Advances in Drug Delivery System Fabricated by Microfluidics for Disease Therapy. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:625. [PMID: 36354536 PMCID: PMC9687342 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional drug therapy faces challenges such as drug distribution throughout the body, rapid degradation and excretion, and extensive adverse reactions. In contrast, micro/nanoparticles can controllably deliver drugs to target sites to improve drug efficacy. Unlike traditional large-scale synthetic systems, microfluidics allows manipulation of fluids at the microscale and shows great potential in drug delivery and precision medicine. Well-designed microfluidic devices have been used to fabricate multifunctional drug carriers using stimuli-responsive materials. In this review, we first introduce the selection of materials and processing techniques for microfluidic devices. Then, various well-designed microfluidic chips are shown for the fabrication of multifunctional micro/nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. Finally, we describe the interaction of drugs with lymphatic vessels that are neglected in organs-on-chips. Overall, the accelerated development of microfluidics holds great potential for the clinical translation of micro/nanoparticle drug delivery systems for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhao Jia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanbing Gao
- Troop 96901 of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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12
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Peng R, Khan MA, Wu J, Chen Z. In Situ Dielectric Spectroscopy Monitoring of Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis in Cationic Water-in-Oil Microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4121-4128. [PMID: 35333536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In situ monitoring of microemulsion-based nanoparticle synthesis is significant for understanding the particle formation mechanism and for advancing controlled nanoparticle synthesis by this means. In this study, the processes of silica nanoparticle synthesis in a CTAB/n-hexanol/cyclohexane/ammonia microemulsion were monitored via dielectric spectroscopy in situ and in real time, with the influences of the water content and precursor concentration being considered. Two dielectric relaxations in addition to a water-induced one were observed in the frequency range of 1 MHz to 3 GHz, which persist throughout the synthesis processes. It is suggested that the lower-frequency relaxation is ascribed to interfacial polarization and the higher-frequency one is caused by the orientational polarization of the ion pair consisting of a counterion and a surfactant polar group. The latter and water-induced relaxations were found to be barely changed during the synthesis processes, while the former changes obviously with synthesis time. The evolution of the lower-frequency relaxation and direct current conductivity with synthesis time are presented and discussed, on the basis of which the particle formation process is inspected from a dielectric spectroscopic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Peng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Muhammad Asadullah Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Jiao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
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13
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Zhu Q, Pan D, Sun Y, Qi D. Controllable Microemulsion Synthesis of Hybrid TiO 2-SiO 2 Hollow Spheres and Au-Doped Hollow Spheres with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4001-4013. [PMID: 35290732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hollow structures in TiO2 materials can enhance the photocatalytic properties by reducing the diffusion length and improving the accessibility of active sites for the reactants. However, existing approaches for preparing hollow TiO2 materials have two drawbacks that restrict their engineering applicability: first, a heavy reliance on templates to form a hollow structure, which makes the preparation laborious, complicated, and costly; second, difficult-to-achieve high crystallization while maintaining the small grain size in calcinated TiO2, which is crucial for enhancing photocatalytic activity. Herein, a simple, effective method is proposed that not only enables the preparation of hybrid TiO2-SiO2 hollow spheres without the template fabrication and removal process via microemulsion technology but also achieves both high crystallization and a small grain size in calcinated TiO2 at once through the calcination of amorphous TiO2 with organosilane at a high temperature of 850 °C. The prepared TiO2-SiO2 hollow spheres with tunable sizes demonstrate high photocatalytic activity with a maximum k value of 133.74 × 10-3 min-1, which is superior to commercial photocatalyst P25 (k = 114.97 × 10-3 min-1). In addition, Au can be doped in the hybrid TiO2-SiO2 shell to gain Au-doped hollow spheres that show a high k value of up to 694.14 × 10-3 min-1, which is 6 times larger than that of P25 and much better than that reported in the literature. This study not only provides an effective approach to stabilize and tune the grain growth of the TiO2 photocatalyst during calcination but also enables the simple preparation of hollow TiO2-based materials with controllable hollow nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangtao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yangyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Dongming Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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14
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Feldmann C. Large and Small Solids: A Journey Through Inorganic Chemistry. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claus Feldmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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15
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Tao Q, He G, Ye S, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Qi L, Liu R. Mn doped Prussian blue nanoparticles for T 1/T 2 MR imaging, PA imaging and Fenton reaction enhanced mild temperature photothermal therapy of tumor. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:18. [PMID: 34983564 PMCID: PMC8725273 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combining the multimodal imaging and synergistic treatment in one platform can enhance the therapeutic efficacy and diagnosis accuracy. RESULTS In this contribution, innovative Mn-doped Prussian blue nanoparticles (MnPB NPs) were prepared via microemulsion method. MnPB NPs demonstrated excellent T1 and T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement in vitro and in vivo. The robust absorbance in the near infrared range of MnPB NPs provides high antitumor efficacy for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photoacoustics imaging property. Moreover, with the doping of Mn, MnPB NPs exhibited excellent Fenton reaction activity for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). The favorable trimodal imaging and Fenton reaction enhanced mild temperature photothermal therapy in vitro and in vivo were further confirmed that MnPB NPs have significant positive effectiveness for integration of diagnosis and treatment tumor. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this Mn doped Prussian blue nanoplatform with multimodal imaging and chemodynamic/mild temperature photothermal co-therapy provides a reliable tool for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Genghan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhide Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li Qi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Mehra S, Polisetti V, Damarla K, Ray P, Kumar A. Ionic Liquid-Based Colloidal Formulations for the Synthesis of Nano-MOFs: Applications in Gas Adsorption and Water Desalination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:41249-41261. [PMID: 34423632 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions (MEs) comprising choline dioctylsulfosuccinate [Cho][AOT], a biobased ionic liquid (IL) surfactant as an emulsifier, (R)-(+)-limonene (RL) as a nonpolar phase, and ethylene glycol (EG)/ethanolammonium formate (EOAF) as an organic solvent/low-viscosity IL polar component were constructed. Spontaneous aggregation of [Cho][AOT] was observed with a negative ΔH form using isothermal titration calorimetry. The aggregates of [Cho][AOT] in RL showed a critical micellar concentration (cmc) of ∼5.49 mM, EG (cmc ∼3.99 mM), and EOAF (cmc ∼1.56 mM), and these are further characterized by various techniques. These novel IL-based MEs have been used as nanoreactors for the sustainable synthesis of uniform nanosized metal-organic frameworks (N-MOFs), such as MIL-53(Al), HKUST-1, UIO-66-NH2, and ZIF-8, with a precise control over size and morphology at room temperature. Characterization of N-MOFs has been performed using scanning electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The synthesized N-MOFs have been used to prepare stable and uniform thin film nanocomposite nanofiltration membranes, suitable for desalination of brackish water with excellent flux (31.8 LMH/bar) and rejection (99.0%) of divalent salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Mehra
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Veerababu Polisetti
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
| | - Krishnaiah Damarla
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Paramita Ray
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar, Gujarat 364002, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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17
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Shlapa Y, Timashkov I, Veltruska K, Siposova K, Garcarova I, Musatov A, Solopan S, Kubovcikova M, Belous A. Structural and physical-chemical characterization of redox active CeO 2nanoparticles synthesized by precipitation in water-alcohol solutions. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:315706. [PMID: 33853053 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abf7e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A set of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2NPs) was synthesized by precipitation in water-alcohol solutions under conditions when the physical-chemical parameters of synthesized NPs were controlled by changing the ratio of the reaction components. The size of CeO2NPs is controlled largely by the dielectric constant of the reaction solution. An increase of the percentage of Ce3+ions at the surface was observed with a concomitant reduction of the NP sizes. All synthesized CeO2NPs possess relatively high positive values of zeta-potential (ζ > 40 mV) suggesting good stability in aqueous suspensions. Analysis of the valence- and size-dependent rate of hydrogen peroxide decomposition revealed that catalase/peroxidase-like activity of CeO2NPs is higher at a low percentage of Ce3+at the NP surface. In contrast, smaller CeO2NPs with a higher percentage of Ce3+at the NP surface display a higher oxidase-like activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliia Shlapa
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, V. I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34 Palladina Ave., Kyiv, 03142 Ukraine
| | - Illia Timashkov
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, V. I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34 Palladina Ave., Kyiv, 03142 Ukraine
| | - Katerina Veltruska
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, Prague 8, 18000, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Siposova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Garcarova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovakia
| | - Andrey Musatov
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovakia
| | - Sergii Solopan
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, V. I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34 Palladina Ave., Kyiv, 03142 Ukraine
| | - Martina Kubovcikova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, 040 01, Slovakia
| | - Anatolii Belous
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, V. I. Vernadskii Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the NAS of Ukraine, 32/34 Palladina Ave., Kyiv, 03142 Ukraine
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18
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Gradzielski M, Duvail M, de Molina PM, Simon M, Talmon Y, Zemb T. Using Microemulsions: Formulation Based on Knowledge of Their Mesostructure. Chem Rev 2021; 121:5671-5740. [PMID: 33955731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsions, as thermodynamically stable mixtures of oil, water, and surfactant, are known and have been studied for more than 70 years. However, even today there are still quite a number of unclear aspects, and more recent research work has modified and extended our picture. This review gives a short overview of how the understanding of microemulsions has developed, the current view on their properties and structural features, and in particular, how they are related to applications. We also discuss more recent developments regarding nonclassical microemulsions such as surfactant-free (ultraflexible) microemulsions or ones containing uncommon solvents or amphiphiles (like antagonistic salts). These new findings challenge to some extent our previous understanding of microemulsions, which therefore has to be extended to look at the different types of microemulsions in a unified way. In particular, the flexibility of the amphiphilic film is the key property to classify different microemulsion types and their properties in this review. Such a classification of microemulsions requires a thorough determination of their structural properties, and therefore, the experimental methods to determine microemulsion structure and dynamics are reviewed briefly, with a particular emphasis on recent developments in the field of direct imaging by means of electron microscopy. Based on this classification of microemulsions, we then discuss their applications, where the application demands have to be met by the properties of the microemulsion, which in turn are controlled by the flexibility of their amphiphilic interface. Another frequently important aspect for applications is the control of the rheological properties. Normally, microemulsions are low viscous and therefore enhancing viscosity has to be achieved by either having high concentrations (often not wished for) or additives, which do not significantly interfere with the microemulsion. Accordingly, this review gives a comprehensive account of the properties of microemulsions, including most recent developments and bringing them together from a united viewpoint, with an emphasis on how this affects the way of formulating microemulsions for a given application with desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Magali Duvail
- ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
| | - Paula Malo de Molina
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) (CSIC-UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE - Basque Foundation for Science, María Díaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miriam Simon
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Yeshayahu Talmon
- Department of Chemical Engineering and the Russell Berrie Nanotechnolgy Inst. (RBNI), Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, IL-3200003, Israel
| | - Thomas Zemb
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.,ICSM, Université Montpellier, CEA, CNRS, ENSCM, 30207 Marcoule, France
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19
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Preparation of high electrochemical activity Pd/RGO composites on the microemulsion interface through radiation technique. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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20
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Zhang X, Han Y, Liu W, Pan N, Li D, Chai J. A novel synthesis of hexagonal cylinder-like ZnO with an excellent performance by a surfactant-free microemulsion-hydrothermal method. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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21
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Fasolini A, Lombardi E, Tabanelli T, Basile F. Microemulsion Derived Titania Nanospheres: An Improved Pt Supported Catalyst for Glycerol Aqueous Phase Reforming. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051175. [PMID: 33947102 PMCID: PMC8144991 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol aqueous phase reforming (APR) produces hydrogen and interesting compounds at relatively mild temperatures. Among APR catalysts investigated in literature, little attention has been given to Pt supported on TiO2. Therefore, herein we propose an innovative titania support which can be obtained through an optimized microemulsion technique. This procedure provided high surface area titania nanospheres, with a peculiar high density of weak acidic sites. The material was tested in the catalytic glycerol APR after Pt deposition. A mechanism hypothesis was drawn, which evidenced the pathways giving the main products. When compared with a commercial TiO2 support, the synthetized titania provided higher hydrogen selectivity and glycerol conversion thanks to improved catalytic activity and ability to prompt consecutive dehydrogenation reactions. This was correlated to an enhanced cooperation between Pt nanoparticles and the acid sites of the support.
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22
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Yadav N, Ganguli AK. Mechanistic understanding of growth of nanorods in microemulsions. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Bellotto O, Cringoli MC, Perathoner S, Fornasiero P, Marchesan S. Peptide Gelators to Template Inorganic Nanoparticle Formation. Gels 2021; 7:14. [PMID: 33540722 PMCID: PMC7930985 DOI: 10.3390/gels7010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of peptides to template inorganic nanoparticle formation has attracted great interest as a green route to advance structures with innovative physicochemical properties for a variety of applications that range from biomedicine and sensing, to catalysis. In particular, short-peptide gelators offer the advantage of providing dynamic supramolecular environments for the templating effect on the formation of inorganic nanoparticles directly in the resulting gels, and ideally without using further reductants or chemical reagents. This mini-review describes the recent progress in the field to outline future research directions towards dynamic functional materials that exploit the synergy between supramolecular chemistry, nanoscience, and the interface between organic and inorganic components for advanced performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Bellotto
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (M.C.C.); (P.F.)
| | - Maria C. Cringoli
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (M.C.C.); (P.F.)
- INSTM, Unit of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Siglinda Perathoner
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
- INSTM, Unit of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paolo Fornasiero
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (M.C.C.); (P.F.)
- INSTM, Unit of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ICCOM-CNR), 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (O.B.); (M.C.C.); (P.F.)
- INSTM, Unit of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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24
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Liebertseder M, Wang D, Cavusoglu G, Casapu M, Wang S, Behrens S, Kübel C, Grunwaldt JD, Feldmann C. NaCl-template-based synthesis of TiO 2-Pd/Pt hollow nanospheres for H 2O 2 direct synthesis and CO oxidation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:2005-2011. [PMID: 33444428 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08871d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 hollow nanosphere (HNS) are prepared via NaCl templates in a one-pot approach. The NaCl templates are realized by solvent/anti-solvent strategies and coated with TiO2via controlled hydrolysis of Ti-alkoxides. The NaCl template can be easily removed by washing with water, and the TiO2 HNS are finally impregnated with Pd/Pt. Electron microscopy shows TiO2 HNS with an outer diameter of 140-180 nm, an inner cavity of 80-100 nm, and a wall thickness of 30-40 nm. The TiO2 HNS exhibit high surface area (up to 370 m2 g-1) and pore volume (up to 0.28 cm3 g-1) with well-distributed small Pd/Pt nanoparticles (Pt: 3-4 nm, Pd: 3-7 nm). H2O2 direct synthesis (room temperature, liquid phase) and CO oxidation (up to 300 °C, gas phase) are used to probe the catalytic properties and result in a good stability of the HNS structure as well as a promising performance with a H2O2 selectivity of 63% and a productivity of 3390 mol kgPd-1 h-1 (TiO2-Pd HNS, 5 wt%) as well as CO oxidation light-out temperatures of 150 °C (TiO2-Pt HNS, 0.7 wt%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Liebertseder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (IAC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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25
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Das A, Yadav N, Manchala S, Bungla M, Ganguli AK. Mechanistic Investigations of Growth of Anisotropic Nanostructures in Reverse Micelles. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:1007-1029. [PMID: 33490761 PMCID: PMC7818115 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the characteristics of anisotropic nanostructures like size, morphology, aspect ratio, and size dispersity is of extreme importance due to the unique and tunable properties including catalytic, optical, photocatalytic, magnetic, photochemical, electrochemical, photoelectrochemical, and several other physical properties. The reverse microemulsion (RM) method offers a useful soft-template and low-temperature procedure that, by variation of experimental conditions and nature of reagents, has proved to be extremely versatile in synthesis of nanostructures with tailored properties. Although many reports of synthesis of nanostructures by the RM method exist in the literature, most of the research studies carried out still follow the "hit and trial" method where the synthesis conditions, reagents, and other factors are varied and the resulting characteristics of the obtained nanostructures are justified on the basis of existing physical chemistry principles. Mechanistic investigations are scarce to generate a set of empirical rules that would aid in preplanning the RM-based synthesis of nanostructures with desired characteristics as well as make the process viable on an industrial scale. A consolidation of such research data available in the literature is essential for providing future directions in the field. In this perspective, we analyze the literature reports that have investigated the mechanistic aspects of growth of anisotropic nanostructures using the RM method and distil the essence of the present understanding at the nanoscale timescale using techniques like FCS and ultrafast spectroscopy in addition to routine techniques like DLS, fluorescence, TEM, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Das
- Department
of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Forensic Sciences, Amity School of
Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Nitin Yadav
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Saikumar Manchala
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Manisha Bungla
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ashok K. Ganguli
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
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Guan W, Tang X, Wang W, Lin Y, Lu C. Hydrophobic Interface Cages in Microemulsions: Concept and Experiment Using Tetraphenylethylene-based Double-tailed Surfactant. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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27
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Zhao Y, Shi L, Qiu J, Pei Y, Wang H, Li Z, Fan J, Wang J. Mechanism of emulsification and demulsification for temperature-sensitive ionic liquid microemulsion. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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29
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Yu Y, Khan MA, Chen Z. In Situ and Real-Time Monitoring of Nanoparticle Formation in Microemulsion by Means of Dielectric Spectroscopy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11110-11116. [PMID: 32878445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dielectric spectroscopy was employed, for the first time, to monitor the formation process of silica nanoparticles in a nonionic surfactant-based microemulsion in situ and in real time. Two dominant relaxations were observed in the frequency range of 1 MHz-3 GHz during this process. The relaxation at the lower frequency range was confirmed to be mainly ascribed to interfacial polarization, whose relaxation parameters, together with the electrical property of the synthesis system, were used to characterize the evolution of this dynamic formation process. Four evolution stages are distinctively revealed, including an induction stage, a nucleation dominant stage, an early particle growth stage, and a late growth stage. The dynamic features at each evolution stages were discussed in terms of the dielectric characteristics of the system. It is strongly suggested that dielectric spectroscopy is an effective tool for the in situ mechanistic study of nanoparticle formation in microemulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Yu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P. R. China
| | - Muhammad A Khan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Natural Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, P. R. China
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30
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Jalali-Jivan M, Garavand F, Jafari SM. Microemulsions as nano-reactors for the solubilization, separation, purification and encapsulation of bioactive compounds. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 283:102227. [PMID: 32781299 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2020.102227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive components possess various functionalities and are most interested for different food, nutraceutical and pharmaceutical formulations. The current review will discuss the preparation methods and fabrication techniques to design microemulsions (MEs) for the solubilization, separation, encapsulation and purification of various agro-food bioactive compounds. ME systems have shown suitable potential in enhancing oil recovery, protein extraction, and isolation of bioactive compounds. Moreover, the capability of ME based systems as drug and nutraceutical delivery cargos, and synthesis of various organic and inorganic nanoparticles, especially using biopolymers, will be investigated. ME liquid membranes are also developed as nano-extractor/nano-reactor vehicles, capable of simultaneous extraction, encapsulation or even synthesis of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds for food, nutraceutical and drug applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jalali-Jivan
- Food Colloids and Rheology Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Garavand
- Department of Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
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Tartaro G, Mateos H, Schirone D, Angelico R, Palazzo G. Microemulsion Microstructure(s): A Tutorial Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1657. [PMID: 32846957 PMCID: PMC7558136 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microemulsions are thermodynamically stable, transparent, isotropic single-phase mixtures of two immiscible liquids stabilized by surfactants (and possibly other compounds). The assortment of very different microstructures behind such a univocal macroscopic definition is presented together with the experimental approaches to their determination. This tutorial review includes a necessary overview of the microemulsion phase behavior including the effect of temperature and salinity and of the features of living polymerlike micelles and living networks. Once these key learning points have been acquired, the different theoretical models proposed to rationalize the microemulsion microstructures are reviewed. The focus is on the use of these models as a rationale for the formulation of microemulsions with suitable features. Finally, current achievements and challenges of the use of microemulsions are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tartaro
- Department of Chemistry, and CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.T.); (H.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Helena Mateos
- Department of Chemistry, and CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.T.); (H.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Davide Schirone
- Department of Chemistry, and CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.T.); (H.M.); (D.S.)
| | - Ruggero Angelico
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences (DIAAA), University of Molise, I-86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Gerardo Palazzo
- Department of Chemistry, and CSGI (Center for Colloid and Surface Science), University of Bari, via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (G.T.); (H.M.); (D.S.)
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32
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Muñoz‐Espí R, Landfester K. Low-Temperature Miniemulsion-Based Routes for Synthesis of Metal Oxides. Chemistry 2020; 26:9304-9313. [PMID: 32441349 PMCID: PMC7496421 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of miniemulsions containing chemical precursors in the disperse phase is a versatile method to produce nanoparticles and nanostructures of different chemical nature, including not only polymers, but also a variety of inorganic materials. This Minireview focuses on materials in which nanostructures of metal oxides are synthesized in processes that involve the miniemulsion technique in any of the steps. This includes in the first place those approaches in which the spaces provided by nanodroplets are directly used to confine precipitation reactions that lead eventually to oxides. On the other hand, miniemulsions can also be used to form functionalized polymer nanoparticles that can serve either as supports or as controlling agents for the synthesis of metal oxides. Herein, the description of essential aspects of the methods is combined with the most representative examples reported in the last years for each strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Muñoz‐Espí
- Institute of Materials Science (ICMUV)Universitat de Valènciac/ Catedràtic José Beltrán 246980PaternaSpain
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33
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhu B, Zhou Y, Liu X, Yang C. Temperature-Switchable Surfactant-Free Microemulsion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7356-7364. [PMID: 32527085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive microemulsions have recently attracted significant interest due to their unique properties. Here, we developed a novel surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME) in a nontoxic ternary mixture, in which dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as an amphisolvent, n-butanol was used as a nonpolar phase, and water was used as a polar phase. The DLS results confirmed the presence of the preouzo zone, and the polarity experiment revealed that the single-phase region can be further divided into oil-in-water, bicontinuous, and water-in-oil subregions. The size of droplets increased upon increasing the water or n-butanol content but decreased with increasing DMSO content. With increasing temperature, the area of the single-phase region increased, accompanied by a decrease in the size of the droplets, and the critical point moved to the corner of n-butanol. No matter in what subregion the formulation was found, decreasing temperature to below the phase-transition temperature (PTT) will induce a transition from monophasic MEs to complete phase separation and vice versa. This is mainly attributed to the effect of temperature on the hydrogen-bond interaction. Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) can be prepared above the PTT and facilely separated below PTT. The Ag NPs obtained from the current SFME showed higher catalytic activity than that obtained from a common surfactant-based ME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
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Li Z, Mu Y, Peng C, Lavin MF, Shao H, Du Z. Understanding the mechanisms of silica nanoparticles for nanomedicine. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 13:e1658. [PMID: 32602269 PMCID: PMC7757183 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
As a consequence of recent progression in biomedicine and nanotechnology, nanomedicine has emerged rapidly as a new discipline with extensive application of nanomaterials in biology, medicine, and pharmacology. Among the various nanomaterials, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) are particularly promising in nanomedicine applications due to their large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, facile surface modification, and excellent biocompatibility. This paper reviews the synthesis of SNPs and their recent usage in drug delivery, biomedical imaging, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, and other applications. In addition, the possible adverse effects of SNPs in nanomedicine applications are reviewed from reported in vitro and in vivo studies. Finally, the potential opportunities and challenges for the future use of SNPs are discussed. This article is categorized under:Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Li
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yingwen Mu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martin F Lavin
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hua Shao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhongjun Du
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,Shandong Academy of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
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Dargahi M, Masteri-Farahani M, Shahsavarifar S, Feizi M. Microemulsion-mediated preparation of Ce 2(MoO 4) 3 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet in aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:12047-12054. [PMID: 31983007 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07816-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of Ce2(MoO4)3 nanoparticles is reported via the microemulsion method by using two different surfactants, i.e., cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and nonionic surfactant, Triton X-100. The water pools produced in the microemulsion systems behave as nanoreactors for reaction of the cerium (3+) and molybdate ions to produce Ce2(MoO4)3 nanoparticles. The structure and morphology of the products were characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared Ce2(MoO4)3 nanoparticles were successfully utilized as photocatalysts to remove crystal violet from aqueous solution in which the maximum percentage of dye degradation was about 89% after 5 h under the visible light irradiation. Also, kinetic study of the photocatalytic degradation revealed that pseudo-second order model is the best one for describing kinetic of the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dargahi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, P.O. Box 288, Qazvin, Iran.
| | | | | | - Marzieh Feizi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, P.O. Box 288, Qazvin, Iran
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36
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37
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He X, Ji Y, Xie J, Hu W, Jia K, Liu X. Emulsion solvent evaporation induced self-assembly of polyarylene ether nitrile block copolymers into functional metal coordination polymeric microspheres. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Seidl C, Simonato S, Zittel E, Schepers U, Feldmann C. Anti‐Tumor Activity of Doxorubicin‐loaded Boehmite Nanocontainers. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201900211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Seidl
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Sara Simonato
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Eva Zittel
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann‐von‐Helmholtz‐Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein‐Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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39
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Zhang Y, Chen X, Liu X. Temperature-Induced Reversible-Phase Transition in a Surfactant-Free Microemulsion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14358-14363. [PMID: 31600447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Microemulsion represents an important class of the colloidal system, though the development of stimuli-responsive microemulsion is still in its infancy. Here, we demonstrated the temperature responsiveness of a conventional surfactant-free microemulsion composed of n-octanol as nonpolar phase, ethanol as amphi-solvent, and water as polar phase for the first time. In the single-phase region of the phase diagram, the pre-ouzo zone was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the type of microemulsion was confirmed via the conductivity and polarity probe methods. The effects of temperature on the phase behavior and droplet size of the n-octanol-water-ethanol microemulsion system were systemically evaluated by the ternary phase diagram and DLS techniques. The results showed that the area of single-phase increases upon increasing temperature, but the area of pre-ouzo zone decreases accompanied by a decrease in the droplet size. Moreover, the critical point gradually draws close to the n-octanol corner with increasing temperature. When one formulation is far away from the demixing border, the droplet size can be reversibly and precisely regulated by changing temperature. When one formulation is located on the vicinity of the boundary, a minor variation in temperature can lead to a prominent phase transition between Winsor IV (high temperature) and Winsor II (low temperature). Such a temperature-responsive microemulsion can be used as a microreactor for Knoevenagel condensation. The reaction was carried out at 35 °C, and the product was collected from the water phase by simple filtration at 25 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , P. R. China
| | - Xuelian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical & Materials Engineering , Jiangnan University , Wuxi , Jiangsu 214122 , P. R. China
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40
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Yadav N, Chowdhury PK, Ganguli AK. Mechanistic Insights into the Growth of Anisotropic Nanostructures Inside Reverse Micelles: A Solvation Perspective. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:5324-5336. [PMID: 31242745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Reverse micelles (RMs) as soft templates have been successfully used in tailoring the structural characteristics (size and morphology) of nanomaterials that in turn have been used in various applications. In this work, we have focused on the local perturbations in the different interior domains of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-reverse micelle-based soft template en route to nanorod formation by monitoring the solvation response of coumarin-based solvatochromic probes (C343 and C153). We have observed an appreciable retardation of the solvent coordinate during the initial phases of nanorod growth, which we have attributed to the reorientational motion of the water molecules lodged in the interfacial region. Moreover, these rigid nanostructures leave their imprints on the soft interfacial layer as was observed from the direct correlation in the solvation response of RM-containing nanostructures and respective surfactant aggregates in supernatant solution. Supporting data from time-resolved anisotropy studies further reinforced our conclusions from the solvation experiments. Our study proves that the hydration dynamics can be a promising tool in tracking the heterogeneous growth evolution of nanostructure formation in RMs since solvent reorganization provides insights into the intrinsic, molecular-level features of the micellar assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Yadav
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Pramit K Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 , India
| | - Ashok K Ganguli
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016 , India
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41
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Sun Y, Zhang C, Mao Y, Pan D, Qi D, Di N. General microemulsion synthesis of organic–inorganic hybrid hollow mesoporous silica spheres with enlarged pore size. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02178g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
General microemulsion synthesis of organic–inorganic hybrid hollow mesoporous silica spheres with enlarge pore size with different kinds of pore expanders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Chengyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yijing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Dongyu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Dongming Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology and Engineering Research Center for Eco-Dyeing & Finishing of Textiles
- Ministry of Education
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Ningyu Di
- Zhejing Bofay Electric Corporation Limited
- Zhejiang
- China
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42
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Damarla K, Rachuri Y, Suresh E, Kumar A. Nanoemulsions with All Ionic Liquid Components as Recyclable Nanoreactors. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:10081-10091. [PMID: 30053782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions (NEs) comprising ionic liquids (ILs); ethanolammonium formate (HO-EOAF), proliniumisopropylester dioctylsulfosuccinate ([ProC3][AOT]), and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, ([Bmim][NTf2]) as insoluble hydrophilic, surface active, and hydrophobic components have been constructed. This novel class of colloidal formulations exhibited several contrasting properties vis-à-vis conventional water-in-oil or water-in-ionic liquid or nonaqueous NEs such as (i) spontaneous formation, (ii) thermodynamic stability and isotropic nature, (iii) decrease of droplet size with increase in polar medium concentration, and (iv) high thermal and kinetic stability. Mechanisms and characteristics for such anomalies have been investigated by physical, spectroscopic, and imaging techniques. NEs have been demonstrated as versatile recyclable nanoreactors for user-friendly synthesis of materials such as metal-organic frameworks/light harvesting hybrid systems. We anticipate that this development will lead to the construction of several other need-based "all ionic-liquid nanoemulsions" in view of the flexibility provided by the tailoring nature of ILs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnaiah Damarla
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , G. B. Marg Bhavnagar , Gujarat , 364002 , India
| | - Yadagiri Rachuri
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , G. B. Marg Bhavnagar , Gujarat , 364002 , India
| | - Eringathodi Suresh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , G. B. Marg Bhavnagar , Gujarat , 364002 , India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute , G. B. Marg Bhavnagar , Gujarat , 364002 , India
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43
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Wang XG, Cheng Q, Yu Y, Zhang XZ. Controlled Nucleation and Controlled Growth for Size Predicable Synthesis of Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): A General and Scalable Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7836-7840. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201803766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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44
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Wang XG, Cheng Q, Yu Y, Zhang XZ. Controlled Nucleation and Controlled Growth for Size Predicable Synthesis of Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): A General and Scalable Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201803766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Gang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Yun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
| | - Xian-Zheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers of Ministry of Education & Department of Chemistry; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
- The Institute for Advanced Studies; Wuhan University; Wuhan 430072 P. R. China
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Müller SA, Degler D, Feldmann C, Türk M, Moos R, Fink K, Studt F, Gerthsen D, Bârsan N, Grunwaldt JD. Exploiting Synergies in Catalysis and Gas Sensing using Noble Metal-Loaded Oxide Composites. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina A. Müller
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - David Degler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Tübingen (EKUT); 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Michael Türk
- Institute for Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration (ITTK); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Ralf Moos
- Department of Functional Materials; University of Bayreuth; 95447 Bayreuth Germany
| | - Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology (INT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Felix Studt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Dagmar Gerthsen
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy (LEM); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Nicolae Bârsan
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry; University of Tübingen (EKUT); 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT); Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schöttle
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Fabian Gyger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Institute of Inorganic Chemistry; Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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Pei Y, Ru J, Yao K, Hao L, Li Z, Wang H, Zhu X, Wang J. Nanoreactors stable up to 200 °C: a class of high temperature microemulsions composed solely of ionic liquids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:6260-6263. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02901f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A class of microemulsions solely consisting of ionic liquids was shown to maintain nanoscale droplets up to about 200 °C, and this unique property was used to prepare porous Pt where the microemulsions played the roles of a solvent, a template and a reductant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Pei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Jie Ru
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Kaisheng Yao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmaceutics
- Henan University of Science and Technology
- Luoyang
- P. R. China
| | - Lihui Hao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Zhiyong Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Huiyong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
| | - Xingqi Zhu
- Bruker China
- Beijing Applicat Lab
- Beijing 100081
- P. R. China
| | - Jianji Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Henan Normal University
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48
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Jung-König J, Feldmann C. Microemulsion-made Magnesium Carbonate Hollow Nanospheres. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Jung-König
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT); Engesserstraße 15 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
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Jung-König J, Sanhaji M, Popescu R, Seidl C, Zittel E, Schepers U, Gerthsen D, Hilger I, Feldmann C. Microemulsion-made gadolinium carbonate hollow nanospheres showing magnetothermal heating and drug release. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:8362-8372. [PMID: 28594418 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr01784g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium carbonate (Gd2(CO3)3) hollow nanospheres and their suitability for drug transport and magnetothermally-induced drug release are presented. The hollow nanospheres are prepared via a microemulsion-based synthesis using tris(tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)gadolinium(iii) and CO2 as the starting materials. Size, structure and composition of the as-prepared Gd2(CO3)3 hollow nanospheres are comprehensively validated by several independent analytical methods (HRTEM, HAADF-STEM, DLS, EDXS, XRD, FT-IR, DTA-TG). Accordingly, they exhibit an outer diameter of 26 ± 4 nm, an inner cavity of 7 ± 2 nm, and a wall thickness of 9 ± 3 nm. As a conceptual study, the nanocontainer-functionality of the Gd2(CO3)3 hollow nanospheres is validated upon filling with the anti-cancerogenic agent doxorubicin (DOX), which is straightforward via the microemulsion (ME) strategy. The resulting DOX@Gd2(CO3)3 nanocontainers provide the option of multimodal imaging including optical and magnetic resonance imaging (OI, MRI) as well as magnetothermal heating and drug release. As a proof-of-concept, we could already prove the intrinsic DOX-based fluorescence, a low systemic toxicity according to in vitro studies as well as the magnetothermal effect and a magnetothermally-induced DOX release. In particular, the latter is new for Gd-containing nanoparticles and highly promising in view of theranostic nanocontainers and synergistic physical and chemical tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jung-König
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstraße 15, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany.
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50
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Liu Y, Chen Y, Yao Y, Luo K, Zhang S, Gu Z. Confined Pool-Buried Water-Soluble Nanoparticles from Reverse Micelles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5275-5282. [PMID: 28505441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
With the special nature of confined water pools, reverse micelles (RMs) have shown potential for a wide range of applications. However, the inherent water insolubility of RMs hinders their further application prospect especially for applications related to biology. We present herein the first successful transformation of water-insoluble RMs into water-soluble nanoparticles without changing the confined aqueous interiors by hydrolysis/aminolysis of arm-cleavable interfacial cross-linked reverse micelles formed from diester surfactant 1. The unique properties exhibited by the aqueous interiors of the resulting pool-buried water-soluble nanoparticles (PWNPs) were demonstrated both by the template synthesis of gold nanoparticles in the absence of external reductants and by the fluorescence enhancement of encapsulated thioflavin T (ThT). Importantly, the unique potential for PWNPs in biological applications was exemplified by the use of ThT@PWNPs and "cell targeted" ThT@PWNPs as effective optical imaging agents of living cells. This work conceptually overcomes the application bottleneck of RMs and opens an entry to a new class of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Ying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yongchao Yao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Kui Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Shiyong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zhongwei Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and ‡College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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