1
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Unveiling the Chemistry and Synthetic Potential of Catalytic Cycloaddition Reaction of Allenes: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020704. [PMID: 36677762 PMCID: PMC9860688 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Allenes with two carbon-carbon double bonds belong to a unique class of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The central carbon atom of allene is sp hybridized and forms two σ-bonds and two π-bonds with two terminal sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. The chemistry of allenes has been well documented over the last decades. They are more reactive than alkenes due to higher strain and exhibit significant axial chirality, thus playing a vital role in asymmetric synthesis. Over a variety of organic transformations, allenes specifically undergo classical metal catalyzed cycloaddition reactions to obtain chemo-, regio- and stereoselective cycloadducts. This review briefly describes different types of annulations including [2+2], [2+2+1], [3+2], [2+2+2], [4+2], [5+2], [6+2] cycloadditions using titanium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, gold and phosphine catalyzed reactions along with a mechanistic study of some highlighted protocols. The synthetic applications of these reactions towards the synthesis of natural products such as aristeromycin, ent-[3]-ladderanol, waihoensene(-)-vindoline and (+)-4-epi-vindoline have also been described.
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2
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Xu X, Wang M, Peng L, Guo C. Nickel-Catalyzed Asymmetric Propargylation for the Synthesis of Axially Chiral 1,3-Disubstituted Allenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:21022-21029. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianghong Xu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mingxu Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lingzi Peng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chang Guo
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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3
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Wang Y, Scrivener SG, Zuo XD, Wang R, Palermo PN, Murphy E, Durham AC, Wang YM. Iron-Catalyzed Contrasteric Functionalization of Allenic C(sp 2)-H Bonds: Synthesis of α-Aminoalkyl 1,1-Disubstituted Allenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14998-15004. [PMID: 34491051 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An iron-catalyzed C-H functionalization of simple monosubstituted allenes is reported. An efficient protocol for this process was made possible by the use of a newly developed electron-rich and sterically hindered cationic cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl complex as the catalyst and N-sulfonyl hemiaminal ether reagents as precursors to iminium ion electrophiles. Under optimized conditions, the use of a mild, functional-group-tolerant base enabled the conversion of a range of monoalkyl allenes to their allenylic sulfonamido 1,1-disubstituted derivatives, a previously unreported and contrasteric regiochemical outcome for the C-H functionalization of electronically unbiased and directing-group-free allenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Sarah G Scrivener
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Xiao-Dong Zuo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ruihan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Philip N Palermo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ethan Murphy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Austin C Durham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yi-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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4
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Chai W, Zhou Q, Ai W, Zheng Y, Qin T, Xu X, Zi W. Lewis-Acid-Promoted Ligand-Controlled Regiodivergent Cycloaddition of Pd-Oxyallyl with 1,3-Dienes: Reaction Development and Origins of Selectivities. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3595-3603. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingyang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wenna Ai
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianzhu Qin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiufang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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5
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Pan B, Li F, Zhao Y. Synthesis and applications of methyleneaziridines. RSC Adv 2020; 10:39304-39322. [PMID: 35518396 PMCID: PMC9057395 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07663e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyleneaziridines (MAs) are a special subset of aziridines featuring an exocyclic C–C double bond on the three-membered ring. They have found great potential in organic synthesis. In this review, the structural characterization of MAs, synthetic methods, chemical transformations and mechanisms, especially the advances achieved over the past decade are comprehensively summarized. This review surveys the structural characterization, synthetic methods, chemical transformations and mechanisms of methyleneaziridines, especially the advances achieved over the past decade.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Pan
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology Shouguang China
| | - Feng Li
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology Shouguang China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University 850 Huanghe Road Dalian 116029 China
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6
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Dequina HJ, Schomaker JM. Aziridinium Ylides: Underutilized Intermediates for Complex Amine Synthesis. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2:874-887. [PMID: 33665590 DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2020.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Harnessing the chemistry of onium ylide intermediates generated from transition metal catalysis is a powerful strategy to convert simple precursors into complex scaffolds. While the chemistry of onium ylides has been studied for over three decades, transformations of aziridinium ylides have just recently emerged as a versatile way to exploit the strain of these reactive intermediates to furnish densely functionalized N-heterocycles in a highly stereocontrolled manner. Herein, we provide a short overview of the key concepts and recent developments in this area, with a focus on how mechanistic studies to delineate the factors controlling the reactivity of aziridinium ylides can stimulate fruitful future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary J Dequina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jennifer M Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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7
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Selvaraj K, Chauhan S, Sandeep K, Swamy KCK. Advances in [4+3]‐Annulation/Cycloaddition Reactions Leading to Homo‐ and Heterocycles with Seven‐Membered Rings. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2380-2402. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karuppu Selvaraj
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - Sachin Chauhan
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - K. Sandeep
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
| | - K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of ChemistryUniversity of Hyderabad Hyderabad-500046 Telangana India
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8
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Martínez-Castro E, Suárez-Pantiga S, Mendoza A. Scalable Synthesis of Esp and Rhodium(II) Carboxylates from Acetylacetone and RhCl 3· xH 2O. Org Process Res Dev 2020; 24:1207-1212. [PMID: 32587455 PMCID: PMC7309316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Rhodium(II)
carboxylates are privileged catalysts for the most
challenging carbene-, nitrene-, and oxo-transfer reactions. In this
work, we address the strategic challenges of current organic and inorganic
synthesis methods to access these rhodium(II) complexes through an
oxidative rearrangement strategy and a reductive ligation reaction.
These studies illustrate the multiple benefits of oxidative rearrangement
in the process-scale synthesis of congested carboxylates over nitrile
anion alkylation reactions, and the impressive effect of inorganic
additives in the reductive ligation of rhodium(III) salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martínez-Castro
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abraham Mendoza
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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9
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Corbin JR, Ketelboeter DR, Fernández I, Schomaker JM. Biomimetic 2-Imino-Nazarov Cyclizations via Eneallene Aziridination. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:5568-5573. [PMID: 32142272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Amidoallyl cations are appealing three-carbon synthons for the preparation of complex amine-containing carbocycles; however, methods to generate and utilize these reactive species are limited and underexplored compared to those for oxallyl cations. Here we disclose a bioinspired strain-driven ring opening of bicyclic methyleneaziridines to 2-amidopentadienyl cation intermediates that readily engage in Nazarov cyclizations. Advantages of this strategy include ease of generation and improved reactivity compared to 3-pentadienyl cations, control over the ultimate position of the alkene, the potential for high dr between vicinal stereocenters, and the ability to further elaborate the products to fully substituted aminocyclopentanes. Experimental and computational studies support a dual role for the Rh2Ln complex as both a nitrene transfer catalyst and a Lewis acid promoter, insight that provides a framework for the future development of asymmetric 2-imino-Nazarov cyclizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Corbin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Devin R Ketelboeter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departmento de Quimíca Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Quimíca Avazanda (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer M Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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10
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Park MS, Kim G, Won H, Han JW, Oh CH. Bisannulation of Platinum‐Bound Isochromeno[6,7‐
g
]isochromene‐2,9‐Diium Derived from 3,6‐Dialkynylnaphthalen‐2,7‐Dicarboxaldehyde with Cyclohexene. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Natural ScienceHanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Gilhoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringHanyang University Ansan 15588 Korea
| | - Hoshik Won
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringHanyang University Ansan 15588 Korea
| | - Jin Wook Han
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Natural ScienceHanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
| | - Chang Ho Oh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Natural ScienceHanyang University Seoul 04763 Korea
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11
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Dai Z, Zhu J, Wang J, Su W, Yang F, Zhou Q. Phosphine‐Catalyzed Chemoselective [4+3] Cycloaddition of Alminine Esters and β′‐acetoxy Allenoates for Divergent Synthesis of Azepines. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zonghao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Fulai Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
| | - Qingfa Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Organic Chemistry China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing 210009 People's Republic of China
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12
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Chen J, Yin Z, Huang Y. Phosphine-Catalyzed Divergent [4+3] Domino Annulations of CF3-Containing Imines with MBH Carbonates: Construction of Perfluoroalkylated Benzazepines. Org Lett 2019; 21:7060-7064. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhongmo Yin
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - You Huang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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13
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Di X, Wang Y, Wu L, Zhang ZM, Dai Q, Li W, Zhang J. Enantioselective Gold(I)-Catalyzed Heterocyclization–Intermolecular Exo [4 + 3]-Cycloaddition Reactions for the Synthesis of Chiral Oxa-Bridged Benzocycloheptanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:3018-3022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Di
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yidong Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Lizuo Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Zhan-Ming Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Dai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 2000438, P.R. China
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14
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Combee LA, Johnson SL, Laudenschlager JE, Hilinski MK. Rh(II)-Catalyzed Nitrene-Transfer [5 + 1] Cycloadditions of Aryl-Substituted Vinylcyclopropanes. Org Lett 2019; 21:2307-2311. [PMID: 30907595 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Formal [5 + 1] cycloadditions between aryl-substituted vinylcyclopropanes and nitrenoid precursors are reported. The method, which employs Rh2(esp)2 as a catalyst, leads to the highly regioselective formation of substituted tetrahydropyridines. Preliminary mechanistic studies support a stepwise, polar mechanism enabled by the previously observed Lewis acidity of Rh-nitrenoids. Overall, this work expands the application of nitrene-transfer cycloaddition, a relatively underexplored approach to heterocycle synthesis, to the formation of six-membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan A Combee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
| | - Shea L Johnson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
| | - Julie E Laudenschlager
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
| | - Michael K Hilinski
- Department of Chemistry , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904-4319 , United States
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15
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Saputra MA, Nepal B, Dange NS, Du P, Fronczek FR, Kumar R, Kartika R. Enantioselective Functionalization of Enamides at the β-Carbon Center with Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:15558-15562. [PMID: 30191642 PMCID: PMC6407611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201808764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
We report an enantioconvergent approach for the functionalization of enamides at the β-carbon atom, which involves a chiral Brønsted acid induced tautomerization of 2-amidoallyl into 1-amidoallyl cations. These putative reactive intermediates were produced by ionization of racemic α-hydroxy enamides with a chiral Brønsted acid and captured with substituted indoles in a highly regio- and enantioselective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza A. Saputra
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Binod Nepal
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Nitin S. Dange
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Pu Du
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 (USA)
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16
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Saputra MA, Nepal B, Dange NS, Du P, Fronczek FR, Kumar R, Kartika R. Enantioselective Functionalization of Enamides at the β‐Carbon Center with Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201808764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirza A. Saputra
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Binod Nepal
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Nitin S. Dange
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Pu Du
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Revati Kumar
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of ChemistryLouisiana State University 232 Choppin Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA
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17
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Schmid SC, Guzei IA, Fernández I, Schomaker JM. Ring Expansion of Bicyclic Methyleneaziridines via Concerted, Near-Barrierless [2,3]-Stevens Rearrangements of Aziridinium Ylides. ACS Catal 2018; 8:7907-7914. [PMID: 30294503 PMCID: PMC6173328 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of densely functionalized azetidinesin a highly stereocontrolled manner is challenging, but interest in the bioactivities of these small heterocycles has stimulated methods for their preparation. We recently reported a one-carbon ring expansion of bicyclic methylene aziridines under dirhodium catalysis capable of delivering enantioenriched azetidines. This work explores this ring expansion using computational and experimental studies. DFT computations indicate that the reaction proceeds through formation of an aziridinium ylide, which is precisely poised for concerted, asynchronous ring-opening/closing to deliver the azetidines in a [2,3]-Stevens-type rearrangement. The concerted nature of this rearrangement is responsible for the stereospecificity of the reaction, where axial chirality from the initial allene substrate is transferred to the azetidine product with complete fidelity. The computed mechanistic pathway highlights the key roles of the olefin and the rigid structure of the methylene aziridine in differentiating our observed ring expansion from competing cheletropic elimination pathways noted with ylides derived from typical aziridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C. Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Organica I and Centro de Innovacioń en Química Avazanda (ORFEO−CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jennifer M. Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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18
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Cai W, Wang S, Jalani HB, Wu J, Lu H, Li G. Oxidative Cascade Reaction of N-Aryl-3-alkylideneazetidines and Carboxylic Acids: Access to Fused Pyridines. Org Lett 2018; 20:3833-3837. [PMID: 29920103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A versatile silver-promoted oxidative cascade reaction of N-aryl-3-alkylideneazetidines with carboxylic acids is reported, providing a very efficient pathway to functionalized fused pyridines. This method allows introduction of fused pyridine ring systems to heterocycles, drugs, and natural products. A mechanistic study revealed that silver salt is essential for the chemo- and regioselective ring expansion, sequential oxidative nucleophilic additions, and oxidative aromatization. This approach represents the first example of the strained N-heterocycles undergoing a cascade reaction with a π bond and a nucleophile together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangshui Cai
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Hitesh B Jalani
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , Northeastern University , 360 Huntington Avenue , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Junxian Wu
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China
| | - Guigen Li
- Institute of Chemistry & BioMedical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210023 , China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Texas Tech University , Lubbock , Texas 79409-1061 , United States
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19
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Chen J, Huang Y. Phosphine-Catalyzed Sequential [4 + 3] Domino Annulation/Allylic Alkylation Reaction of MBH Carbonates: Efficient Construction of Seven-Membered Heterocycles. Org Lett 2017; 19:5609-5612. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junlong Chen
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - You Huang
- State
Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College
of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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20
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Schmid SC, Guzei IA, Schomaker JM. A Stereoselective [3+1] Ring Expansion for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Methylene Azetidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12229-12233. [PMID: 28834110 PMCID: PMC5693379 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of rhodium-bound carbenes with strained bicyclic methylene aziridines results in a formal [3+1] ring expansion to yield highly substituted methylene azetidines with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. The reaction appears to proceed through an ylide-type mechanism, where the unique strain and structure of the methylene aziridine promotes a ring-opening/ring-closing cascade that efficiently transfers chirality from substrate to product. The resultant products can be elaborated into new azetidine scaffolds containing vicinal tertiary-quaternary and even quaternary-quaternary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Schmid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Ilia A Guzei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Jennifer M Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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21
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Schmid SC, Guzei IA, Schomaker JM. A Stereoselective [3+1] Ring Expansion for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Methylene Azetidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201705202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven C. Schmid
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Jennifer M. Schomaker
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1101 University Avenue Madison WI 53706 USA
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22
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Schlegel M, Schneider C. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Addition of Indoles to in Situ-Generated 2-Amidoallyl Cations. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5986-5992. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Schlegel
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christoph Schneider
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Saputra MA, Dange NS, Cleveland AH, Malone JA, Fronczek FR, Kartika R. Regioselective Functionalization of Enamides at the α-Carbon via Unsymmetrical 2-Amidoallyl Cations. Org Lett 2017; 19:2414-2417. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mirza A. Saputra
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Nitin S. Dange
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Alexander H. Cleveland
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Joshua A. Malone
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Rendy Kartika
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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24
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Silva S, Maycock CD. Chemoenzymatic preparation of optically active cyclic 4-hydroxy-acylaziridines. Org Chem Front 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00254h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective chemoenzymatic route to cyclic 4-hydroxyacylaziridines is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saúl Silva
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
| | - Christopher D. Maycock
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa
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