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Daiger MT, Giofré S, Berthold D, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation of Allenes and Application in the Total Synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-Tocopherol. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402010. [PMID: 38855991 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
We report herein of a novel, enantioselective and rhodium- catalyzed cyclisation of allenyl alcohols towards chiral α-vinylic, cyclic ethers employing a rhodium/(R,R)-Me-ferrocelane catalyst. The corresponding chiral cyclic products were obtained in general high yields and enantioselectivities. The synthetic value of our obtained products was further exemplified by transformations of the allylic ether function. Furthermore, applying our newly developed method in our previously reported route towards the total synthesis of (R,R,R)-α-tocopherol, we accomplished a significantly improved 2nd generation synthesis of the chromane building providing a total number of 13 steps and an overall total yield of 27 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin T Daiger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Sabrina Giofré
- DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica "A. Marchesini", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Venezian 21, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Dino Berthold
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, Haus F, 81377, München, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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2
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Zhang H, Wen W, Wang YY, Lu ZX, Liu JL, Wu ZL, Cai T, Guo QX. Asymmetric bifunctionalization of allenes with aryl iodides and amino acids enabled by chiral aldehyde/palladium combined catalysis. Chem Sci 2024; 15:12983-12988. [PMID: 39148795 PMCID: PMC11322975 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03398a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Even though catalytic asymmetric bifunctionalization of allenes has been extensively studied, almost all of the reported examples have been achieved in a two-component manner. In this study, we report a highly efficient asymmetric bifunctionalization of allenes with iodohydrocarbons and NH2-unprotected amino acid esters. The adopted chiral aldehyde/palladium combined catalytic system precisely governs the chemoselectivity, regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity of this three-component reaction. A wide range of substituted aryl iodides, allenes and amino acid esters can well participate in this reaction and deliver structurally diverse α,α-disubstituted α-amino acid esters with excellent experimental outcomes. One of the resulting products is utilized for the total synthesis of the molecule (S,R)-VPC01091.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Wei Wen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Yu-Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Ze-Xi Lu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Jin-Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Zhu-Lian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Tian Cai
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
| | - Qi-Xiang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China
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3
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Wang H, Zhang Q, Zi W. Synergistic Catalysis Involving Palladium for Stereodivergent Csp3-Csp3 Coupling Reactions. Acc Chem Res 2024. [PMID: 38295513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusTransition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions of dienes (such as 1,3-dienes, alkoxyallenes, and aminoallenes) with carbon nucleophiles have proven to be a highly effective method for creating Csp3-Csp3 bonds. These reactions have perfect atom economy and typically occur under mild reaction conditions. By using chiral metal complexes as catalysts, it is possible to create enantioenriched molecules bearing allylic stereocenters with high enantioselectivities. However, challenges arise when Csp3-Csp3 bonds bearing two vicinal stereocenters are constructed through this type of coupling reaction. Due to the inherent diastereoselectivities, only the kinetically favored diastereoisomers (either the syn- or anti-product) are usually obtained through the transition-metal catalyst system. Achieving complementary stereoisomers with high selectivity, which require complete control of both absolute and relative configurations of multiple chiral centers in a single chemical transformation, is usually impossible.Over the past decade, significant advancements have been made in stereodivergent synthesis. Notably, iridium-related synergistic catalysis has been rapidly developed for stereodivergent allylic alkylation reactions. However, these systems were limited to using allylic alcohol derivatives as electrophilic partners. Finding ways to extend the use of synergistic catalysis to other types of stereodivergent reactions is a crucial issue that needs to be addressed.In 2019, we reported the first palladium-mediated synergistic system for the stereodivergent Csp3-Csp3 coupling between 1,3-dienes and aldimine esters. Lately, this strategy has proven successful in accessing stereodivergent coupling with diverse substrate patterns. In this Account, we will summarize our laboratory's efforts in developing a range of palladium-involved synergistic catalysis systems for the stereodivergent Csp3-Csp3 coupling reactions of dienes. We discovered several synergistic catalysis systems, including Pd/Cu(Ag), Pd/amine, Pd/Lewis base, and Pd/PTC. Additionally, we developed diverse dienes, such as 1,3-dienes, alkoxyallenes, and aminoallenes, to serve as suitable coupling partners for stereodivergent coupling. These processes provide an efficient method for constructing a range of chiral scaffolds bearing vicinal stereocenters. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been performed to elucidate the reaction mechanism and to rationalize the origins of the stereochemistry for some of the synergistic catalyst systems. Finally, the synthetic application of these methods has been demonstrated in the concise total synthesis of a number of natural products and bioactive molecules. It is anticipated that an increasing number of chemists will join in the research on stereodivergent Csp3-Csp3 coupling reactions and contribute to more elegant examples in this area. We believe future development will further push the boundary of asymmetric catalysis and find more innovative applications soon for synthesizing complex chiral molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfa Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300071, China
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4
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Panahi F, Bauer F, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Allylic Addition as an Atom-Efficient Approach in Total Synthesis. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:3676-3693. [PMID: 38064346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusFinding efficient synthetic methods for the asymmetric synthesis of complex molecules has always been of interest to organic chemists. Creating and controlling the stereochemistry of stereogenic centers bearing branched allylic moieties in organic molecules using a catalytic process is an attractive and successful method for the synthesis of several natural products and medicinally important compounds. Remarkable progress toward their synthesis has been achieved via transition-metal catalysis, especially in the case of allylic substitution and allylic C-H oxidation chemistry. However, for allylic substitution the preinstallation of a leaving group is essential, and for allylic C-H oxidation, stoichiometric amounts of oxidant are required. Besides that, the control of regioselectivity with these methods is often problematic because the linear product can be produced as a major isomer. Our research group has developed a regioselective, enantioselective, and atom economic route toward the more valuable branched product via a Rh-catalyzed coupling of easily accessible alkynes or the double-bond isomeric allenes with pronucleophiles. It was demonstrated that, using this new approach, it is possible to add different pronucleophiles to alkynes or allenes to form branched allylic moieties through C-C and C-heteroatom bond formation. Since new organic reactions offer new opportunities in chemical synthesis and the benchmark for new synthetic methods is their application in target-oriented synthesis, we have demonstrated several successful syntheses of natural products and medicinally relevant targets. For example, in the total syntheses of Quercuslactones, Helicascolides A-C, Epothilone D, Homolargazole, and Thailandepsin B, the Rh-catalyzed hydro-oxycarbonylation of allenes was used as key step via C-O bond formation. Remarkably, the Rh-catalyzed C2-symmetric dimerization strategy was used to synthesize the complex molecules Clavosolide A and Vermiculine, leading to an extreme increase in structural complexity within a single step. For the total syntheses of Centrolobine, Pitavastatin, and Rosuvastatin, C-O bond formation was achieved through the addition of a hydroxy function to the allene moiety. The potential of the addition of nitrogen pronucleophiles to allenes was demonstrated in the total syntheses of Cusparein, Angusterein, Cermicin C, Senepodin G, Homoproline, Pipecolinol, Coniceine, Coniine, Ruxolitinib, Sitagliptin, Abacavir, Glucokinase activators, and Chaetominine. All of these examples testify to the wide applicability of the Rh-catalyzed addition of pronucleophiles to allenes or alkynes in target-oriented synthesis, and in this Account we summarize our contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Panahi
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Felix Bauer
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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5
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Sieger SV, Lubins I, Breit B. Hydrofunctionalization of Propadiene – New Life for a Previously Unwanted Product. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon V. Sieger
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Ilja Lubins
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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6
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Zhang Q, Zhu M, Zi W. Synergizing palladium with Lewis base catalysis for stereodivergent coupling of 1,3-dienes with pentafluorophenyl acetates. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2022.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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7
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Mhasni O, Elleuch H, Rezgui F. Direct nucleophilic substitutions of allylic alcohols with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds: Synthetic design, mechanistic aspects and applications. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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8
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Li BJ, Sun X. Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Enantioselective Functionalization of Unsaturated Hydrocarbons. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAcyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters occur frequently in natural products, bioactive molecules, and pharmaceutical compounds. Construction of a carbon stereogenic center attached to four different carbons with defined spatial arrangement is a daunting challenge in asymmetric catalysis. Significant efforts have been directed towards the stereoselective construction of such acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters. In particular, catalytic generation of acyclic quaternary carbon stereocenters through functionalization of unsaturated hydrocarbons is an extremely attractive approach because unsaturated hydrocarbons are easily accessible both in industry and in organic synthesis. In this short review, we summarize the recent advances achieved in this research area, with the aim to inspire future development.1 Introduction2 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Allenes3 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Dienes4 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Mono-alkenes5 Acyclic Quaternary Carbon Stereocenters through Functionalization of Alkynes6 Summary and Outlook
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9
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Ziyaei Halimehjani A, Breit B. Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective addition of thioacids to terminal allenes: enantioselective access to branched allylic thioesters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1704-1707. [PMID: 35023518 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06470c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective hydrothiolation of terminal allenes with thioacids is reported for the atom-economic synthesis of chiral branched allylic thioesters. By using a rhodium(I) catalyst system, diversities of terminal allenes and thioacids afforded the corresponding branched thioesters in excellent regioselectivity, high yield, and good enantioselectivity. This method was also explored for Fmoc-protected aminothioacids for diastereoselective synthesis of the corresponding thioesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ziyaei Halimehjani
- Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, P. O. Box 15719-14911, 49 Mofateh Street, Tehran, Iran. .,Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albert Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
| | - B Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albert Strasse 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
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10
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Chen JF, Rehman SU, Li C. Cobalt-catalyzed regiodivergent hydrofunctionalization of allenes. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01153k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A regiodivergent cobalt-catalyzed addition of carboxylic acid or 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to allenes has been developed to prepare E-enol esters and allylation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Feng Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Sajid Ur Rehman
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Changkun Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yang Z, Wang J(J. Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of Allenes with Phosphine Oxides: Access to Chiral Allylic Phosphine Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Yang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Jun (Joelle) Wang
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Department of Chemistry Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong China
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12
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Blieck R, Lemouzy S, van der Lee A, Taillefer M, Monnier F. Synergistic Copper/Enamine Catalysis for the Regio-, Stereo-, and Enantioselective Intermolecular α-Addition of Aldehydes to Allenamides. Org Lett 2021; 23:9199-9203. [PMID: 34780198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe an intermolecular enantioselective α-addition of aldehydes to allenamides using a dual copper/enamine catalytic system. Highly enantioselective addition of aldehydes was obtained thanks to secondary amine catalysts. The process was found to be highly regio-, stereo-, and enantioselective under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Blieck
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Lemouzy
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Arie van der Lee
- IEM Université Montpellier 2 Case courrier 047 Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 cedex 5 Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Monnier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier, France.,IUF Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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13
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Yang Z, Wang JJ. Enantioselective Palladium-Catalyzed Hydrophosphinylation of Allenes with Phosphine Oxides: Access to Chiral Allylic Phosphine Oxides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27288-27292. [PMID: 34581469 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed hydrophosphinylation of alkyl and aryl-oxyallenes with phosphine oxides has been developed for the efficient and rapid construction of a family of chiral allylic phosphine oxides with a diverse range of functional groups. This methodology was further applied in the facile construction of chiral 2H-chromene and later stage functionalization of cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jun Joelle Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China.,Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Direct access to spirocycles by Pd/WingPhos-catalyzed enantioselective cycloaddition of 1,3-enynes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5667. [PMID: 34580311 PMCID: PMC8476582 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirocycles play an important role in drug discovery and development. The direct, catalytic, and enantioselective synthesis of spirocycles from readily available starting materials and in an atom economic manner remains a highly sought-after task in organic synthesis. Herein, an enantioselective Pd-hydride-catalyzed cycloaddition method for the synthesis of spirocyclic compounds directly from two classes of commonly available starting materials, 1,3-enynes and cyclic carbon−hydrogen (C−H) bonds, is reported. The reactions employ a chiral Pd/WingPhos catalyst to both suppress the formation of bis-allenyl by-products and control the stereoselectivity. 1,3-Enynes are used as dielectrophilic four-carbon units in the cycloaddition reactions, which also enables an enyne substrate-directed enantioselectivity switch with good levels of stereocontrol. The present spirocycle synthesis tolerates a broad range of functional groups of 1,3-enyne substrates, including alcohols, esters, nitriles, halides, and olefins. A variety of diverse cyclic nucleophiles, including pharmaceutically important heterocycles and carbocycles, can be flexibly incorporated with spiro scaffolds. Spirocycles are traditionally difficult structures to synthesize due to the congested nature of the central atom. Here the authors show a method to synthesize quaternary carbon spirocycles in one step from 1,3-enynes and pyrazolidine-type heterocycles, both relatively unactivated structures, proceeding via palladium catalysis.
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15
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Wang H, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Zi W. Synergistic Pd/Amine-Catalyzed Stereodivergent Hydroalkylation of 1,3-Dienes with Aldehydes: Reaction Development, Mechanism, and Stereochemical Origins. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10948-10962. [PMID: 34264662 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal-hydride-catalyzed hydroalkylation of 1,3-dienes with enolizable carbonyl compounds is an atom- and step-economical method for preparing chiral molecules with allylic stereocenters. Although high diastereo- and enantioselectivities have been achieved for many coupling partners, aldehydes have not yet been used for this purpose because they are less stable than other carbonyl compounds under basic conditions and they have the potential to rapidly epimerize at the α-position. Moreover, stereodivergent hydroalkylation reactions of 1,3-dienes to access complementary diastereomers with vicinal stereocenters is challenging. Herein, we describe a synergistic palladium/amine catalyst system that allowed us to achieve the first stereodivergent hydroalkylation reactions of 1,3-dienes with aldehydes. By choosing an appropriate combination of chiral palladium and amine catalysts, we could obtain either syn or anti coupling products, and this method therefore provides highly diastereo- and enantioselective access to complementary diastereomers of chiral aldehydes with α,β-vicinal stereocenters. Density functional theory calculations revealed a mechanism involving PdH formation and migratory insertion into the alkene, followed by C-C bond formation. The origin of the stereoselectivities was investigated by means of distortion/interaction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfa Wang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ruiyuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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16
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Yamazaki T, Taketsugi M, Kawasaki-Takasuka T, Agou T, Kubota T. Construction of CF 3-Containing Quaternary Chiral Centers via Michael Addition Reactions. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20210136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yamazaki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Masahito Taketsugi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kawasaki-Takasuka
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Agou
- Department of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
| | - Toshio Kubota
- Department of Quantum Beam Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawa, Hitachi, Ibaraki 316-8511, Japan
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17
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Becker A, Grugel CP, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Stereoselective Cyclization of 3-Allenylindoles and N-Allenyltryptamines to Functionalized Vinylic Spiroindolenines. Org Lett 2021; 23:3788-3792. [PMID: 33900096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly enantio- and diastereoselective rhodium-catalyzed cyclization of N-allenyltryptamines and 3-allenylindoles to 6-membered spirocyclic indolenines. This allylic addition methodology offers the advantage of using a comparably cheap commercially available ligand with low loadings of an affordable rhodium precursor. The products can be converted into functionalized spirooxindoles and spiroindolines, which are regarded as important building blocks for the synthesis of a lot of natural products with biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Becker
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian P Grugel
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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18
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Zhu M, Zhang Q, Zi W. Diastereodivergent Synthesis of β‐Amino Alcohols by Dual‐Metal‐Catalyzed Coupling of Alkoxyallenes with Aldimine Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202014510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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19
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Zhu M, Zhang Q, Zi W. Diastereodivergent Synthesis of β‐Amino Alcohols by Dual‐Metal‐Catalyzed Coupling of Alkoxyallenes with Aldimine Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6545-6552. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202014510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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20
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Sieber JD, Klake RK, Agrawal T, Ho DB, Gargaro SL, Collins S, Edwards MD. Cross‐Coupling of Allenamides and
C
‐Based Nucleophiles by Pd‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation. Isr J Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D. Sieber
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Raphael K. Klake
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Toolika Agrawal
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Dang Binh Ho
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Samantha L. Gargaro
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Stephen Collins
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
| | - Mytia D. Edwards
- Department of Chemistry Virginia Commonwealth University 1001 West Main Street Richmond VA 23284-3208 USA
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21
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Schmidt JP, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Cyclization of Terminal and Internal Allenols: An Atom Economic and Highly Stereoselective Access Towards Tetrahydropyrans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23485-23490. [PMID: 32940396 PMCID: PMC7756761 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of a diastereoselective Rh-catalyzed cyclization of terminal and internal allenols is reported. The methodology allows the atom economic and highly syn-selective access to synthetically important 2,4-disubstituted and 2,4,6-trisubstituted tetrahydropyrans (THP). Furthermore, its utility and versatility are demonstrated by a great functional-group compatibility and the enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-centrolobine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes P. Schmidt
- Institute for Organic ChemistryAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104Freiburg im BreisgauGermany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institute for Organic ChemistryAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität FreiburgAlbertstraße 2179104Freiburg im BreisgauGermany
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22
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Blieck R, Taillefer M, Monnier F. Metal-Catalyzed Intermolecular Hydrofunctionalization of Allenes: Easy Access to Allylic Structures via the Selective Formation of C–N, C–C, and C–O Bonds. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13545-13598. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Blieck
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296, Cedex 5, France
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296, Cedex 5, France
| | - Florian Monnier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253, Université Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296, Cedex 5, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, IUF, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, cedex 5, France
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23
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Schmidt JP, Breit B. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Terminal and Internal Allenols: An Atom Economic and Highly Stereoselective Access Towards Tetrahydropyrans. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes P. Schmidt
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institute for Organic Chemistry Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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24
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Adamson NJ, Park S, Zhou P, Nguyen AL, Malcolmson SJ. Enantioselective Construction of Quaternary Stereogenic Centers by the Addition of an Acyl Anion Equivalent to 1,3-Dienes. Org Lett 2020; 22:2032-2037. [PMID: 32052974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the enantioselective formation of quaternary stereogenic centers by the intermolecular addition of malononitrile, an acyl anion equivalent, and related pronucleophiles to several 1,3-disubstituted acyclic 1,3-dienes in the presence of a Pd-PHOX catalyst. Products are obtained in up to 88% yield and 99:1 er and in most cases are formed as a single regioisomer. The products' malononitrile unit undergoes oxidative functionalization to afford β,γ-unsaturated carbonyls bearing internal olefins and α-quaternary stereogenic centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J Adamson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Sangjune Park
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Andrew L Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steven J Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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25
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Zhong Y, Douair I, Wang T, Wu C, Maron L, Cui D. Access to Hydroxy‐Functionalized Polypropylene through Coordination Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:4947-4952. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, UPSUniversité de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Tiantian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Chunji Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, UPSUniversité de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
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26
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Zhong Y, Douair I, Wang T, Wu C, Maron L, Cui D. Access to Hydroxy‐Functionalized Polypropylene through Coordination Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhao Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Iskander Douair
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, UPSUniversité de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Tiantian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Chunji Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, CNRS & INSA, UPSUniversité de Toulouse 135 Avenue de Rangueil 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and ChemistryChangchun Institute of Applied ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
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27
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Philippova AN, Vorobyeva DV, Monnier F, Osipov SN. Synthesis of α-CF3-substituted E-dehydroornithine derivatives via copper(i)-catalyzed hydroamination of allenes. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:3274-3280. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel α-CF3-substituted E-dehydroornithine derivatives have been synthesized via the Cu(i)-catalyzed hydroamination of α-CF3-α-allenyl-α-aminocarboxylates/phosphonates with different amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna N. Philippova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - Daria V. Vorobyeva
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
| | - Florian Monnier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253
- Univ. Montpellier
- CNRS
- ENSCM
- Montpellier 34296 Cedex 5
| | - Sergey N. Osipov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 119991 Moscow
- Russia
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28
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Yang H, Xing D. Palladium-catalyzed diastereo- and enantioselective allylic alkylation of oxazolones with 1,3-dienes under base-free conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3721-3724. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00265h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report a highly diastereo- and enantioselective allylic alkylation of oxazolones with 1,3-dienes by palladium-hydride catalyst under base-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijian Yang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Dong Xing
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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29
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Li G, Huo X, Jiang X, Zhang W. Asymmetric synthesis of allylic compounds via hydrofunctionalisation and difunctionalisation of dienes, allenes, and alkynes. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:2060-2118. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00400a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review article provides an overview of progress in asymmetric synthesis of allylic compounds via hydrofunctionalisation and difunctionalisation of dienes, allenes, and alkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xiaohong Huo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Xieyang Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Wanbin Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
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30
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Adamson NJ, Malcolmson SJ. Catalytic Enantio- and Regioselective Addition of Nucleophiles in the Intermolecular Hydrofunctionalization of 1,3-Dienes. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan J. Adamson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Steven J. Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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31
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Grugel CP, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Diastereo- and Enantioselective Tandem Spirocyclization/Reduction of 3-Allenylindoles: Access to Functionalized Vinylic Spiroindolines. Org Lett 2019; 21:9672-9676. [PMID: 31769696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A highly selective rhodium-catalyzed tandem spirocyclization/reduction of 3-allenylindoles is reported. By employing a Hantzsch ester as reductant, vinylic spiroindolines are obtained in excellent yields as well as diastereo- and enantioselectivity. In addition, the reaction's synthetic utility is highlighted by broad functional group compatibility and exemplified by a gram scale reaction with subsequent assorted transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Grugel
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertrstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertrstr. 21 , 79104 Freiburg , Germany
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32
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Berthold D, Klett J, Breit B. Rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular hydroarylation of allenes: access to functionalized benzocycles. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10048-10052. [PMID: 32015818 PMCID: PMC6977554 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03894a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A rhodium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective cyclization of tethered allenylbenzenes is reported. Employing a RhI/Josiphos catalytic system a diverse set of 6-membered, α-chiral benzocycles were obtained, scaffolds found in many bioactive compounds. Moreover, a gram scale reaction as well as the application of suitable transformations are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Berthold
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany .
| | - Johannes Klett
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany .
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany .
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33
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Ren W, Zuo QM, Niu YN, Yang SD. Palladium-NHC-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of Pronucleophiles with Alkynes. Org Lett 2019; 21:7956-7960. [PMID: 31513418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b02937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The palladium-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-catalyzed allylic alkylation of various pronucleophiles with alkynes has been accomplished under mild conditions. The protocol exhibits broad functional group compatibility and high atom economy. Moreover, the catalytic process avoids the use of external oxidants and acid as additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Qian-Ming Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ning Niu
- Department of Teaching and Research , Nanjing Forestry University , Huaian 223003 , P. R. China
| | - Shang-Dong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry , Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000 , P. R. China
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34
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Xu YW, Hu XP. Diastereo- and Enantioselective Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Ring-Opening [3 + 2] Annulation of Tertiary Propargylic Carbamates through Regioselective α-Attack of γ-Butenolides. Org Lett 2019; 21:8091-8096. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- You-Wei Xu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Ping Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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35
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Rössler SL, Petrone DA, Carreira EM. Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionally Rich Molecules Enabled by (Phosphoramidite,Olefin) Ligands. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:2657-2672. [PMID: 31243973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The catalytic, asymmetric synthesis of complex molecules has been a core focus of our research program for some time because developments in the area can have an immediate impact on the identification of novel strategies for the synthesis of value-added molecules. In concert with this central interest, we have emphasized the design of ligand scaffolds as a tactic to discover and develop novel chemistry and overcome well-recognized synthetic challenges. Based on our group's work on chiral pool-derived diolefin ligands, we designed and implemented a class of hybrid (phosphoramidite,olefin) ligands, which combines the properties of both phosphoramidite and olefin motifs to impact, fine-tune, and even override the inherent reactivity of the metal center. Specifically, we have utilized these unique modifying ligands to address several recognized limitations in the field of iridium-catalyzed, asymmetric allylic substitution. The methods we have documented typically employ branched, unprotected allylic alcohols as substrates and obviate the need for rigorous exclusion of air and moisture. Following Takeuchi's seminal report demonstrating the high aptitude of Ir(I)-phosphite catalysts for branch-selective allylic substitution, concerted efforts from numerous research laboratories have led to a broadening of the synthetic utility of this reaction class. The first section of this Account outlines the process leading to our discovery of an unprecedented (phosphoramidite,olefin) ligand and its validation in the first iridium-catalyzed amination of branched, unprotected allylic alcohols. This section continues with our work involving heteroatom-based nucleophiles within inter- and intramolecular etherification, thioetherification and spiroketalization processes. The second section highlights the use of readily available carbon nucleophiles possessing sp, sp2, and sp3 hybridization in a series of enantioselective carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. We describe how alkylzinc, allylsilane, and several classes of organotrifluoroborate nucleophiles can be coupled enantioselectively to enable construction of several key motifs including 1,5-dienes, 1,4-dienes, and 1,4-enynes. Since the unique electronic and steric properties of this class of ligands renders the (η3-allyl)-Ir(III) intermediate highly electrophilic, even weak nucleophiles such as alkyl olefins can be used. We also show that more nucleophilic alkene motifs such as enamines and in situ generated ketene acetals smoothly participate in substitution reactions with allylic alcohols to yield valuable piperidines and γ,δ-unsaturated esters, respectively. The concept of stereodivergent dual catalysis, which synergistically combines chiral amine catalysis with iridium catalysis to furnish α-allylated aldehydes containing two independently controllable stereocenters is then discussed. This process has enabled the independent, stereoselective synthesis of all four possible product stereoisomers from a single set of starting materials, and was highlighted in the stereodivergent synthesis of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. This Account concludes with an overview of our organometallic mechanistic studies regarding relevant intermediates within the catalytic cycle of this class of allylic substitution. These studies have allowed us to better understand the origin of the unique characteristics exhibited by this catalyst in comparison to related systems.
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36
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Zhang Q, Yu H, Shen L, Tang T, Dong D, Chai W, Zi W. Stereodivergent Coupling of 1,3-Dienes with Aldimine Esters Enabled by Synergistic Pd and Cu Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:14554-14559. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qinglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huimin Yu
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Lulu Shen
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianhua Tang
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dongfang Dong
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Chai
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Weiwei Zi
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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37
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Blieck R, Taillefer M, Monnier F. Copper-Catalyzed Hydrocarboxylation of N-Allenyl Derivatives. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11247-11252. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Blieck
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296 Cedex 5, France
| | - Marc Taillefer
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296 Cedex 5, France
| | - Florian Monnier
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS, AM2N, 8 rue de l’Ecole Normale, Montpellier 34296 Cedex 5, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, IUF, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris cedex 5, France
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38
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Hilpert LJ, Breit B. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Internal Allenes Towards Enantiopure Allylic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9939-9943. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Hilpert
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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39
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Activation, Deactivation and Reversibility Phenomena in Homogeneous Catalysis: A Showcase based on the Chemistry of Rhodium/Phosphine Catalysts. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9070582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, the rich chemistry of rhodium/phosphine complexes, which are applied as homogeneous catalysts to promote a wide range of chemical transformations, has been used to showcase how the in situ generation of precatalysts, the conversion of precatalysts into the actually active species, as well as the reaction of the catalyst itself with other components in the reaction medium (substrates, solvents, additives) can lead to a number of deactivation phenomena and thus impact the efficiency of a catalytic process. Such phenomena may go unnoticed or may be overlooked, thus preventing the full understanding of the catalytic process which is a prerequisite for its optimization. Based on recent findings both from others and the authors’ laboratory concerning the chemistry of rhodium/diphosphine complexes, some guidelines are provided for the optimal generation of the catalytic active species from a suitable rhodium precursor and the diphosphine of interest; for the choice of the best solvent to prevent aggregation of coordinatively unsaturated metal fragments and sequestration of the active metal through too strong metal–solvent interactions; for preventing catalyst poisoning due to irreversible reaction with the product of the catalytic process or impurities present in the substrate.
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Hilpert LJ, Breit B. Rhodium‐Catalyzed Parallel Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Internal Allenes Towards Enantiopure Allylic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Hilpert
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische ChemieAlbert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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Grugel CP, Breit B. Rhodium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Cyclization of 3-Allenyl-indoles: Access to Functionalized Tetrahydrocarbazoles. Org Lett 2019; 21:5798-5802. [PMID: 31136189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A highly selective rhodium-catalyzed cyclization of tethered 3-allenylindoles is reported. In a smooth reaction, 1-vinyltetrahydrocarbazoles are obtained in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Aside from a great functional group tolerance, this method requires neither the Schlenk technique nor the use of anhydrous solvents. Preliminary mechanistic investigations proved that the reaction proceeds via an intermediary formed spiroindolenine which rapidly undergoes an acid-catalyzed stereospecific migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Grugel
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertrstr. 21 , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertrstr. 21 , Freiburg 79104 , Germany
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Park S, Adamson NJ, Malcolmson SJ. Brønsted acid and Pd-PHOX dual-catalysed enantioselective addition of activated C-pronucleophiles to internal dienes. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5176-5182. [PMID: 31183071 PMCID: PMC6524568 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00633h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the development of Pd-PHOX-catalysed enantioselective couplings of internal dienes with malononitrile and other activated C-pronucleophiles. Reactions are dramatically accelerated by the addition of Et3N·HBArF 4 as a Brønsted acid co-catalyst, enabling a suite of products bearing a variety of alkyl substituents at the stereogenic carbon to be prepared. A series of mechanism-oriented experiments reveal key aspects of the catalytic cycle and the importance of the non-coordinating BArF 4 counterion in not only promoting reactions of internal dienes but also additions of previously unreactive nucleophiles towards terminal dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangjune Park
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , French Family Science Center , 124 Science Drive , Durham , NC 27708 , USA .
| | - Nathan J Adamson
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , French Family Science Center , 124 Science Drive , Durham , NC 27708 , USA .
| | - Steven J Malcolmson
- Department of Chemistry , Duke University , French Family Science Center , 124 Science Drive , Durham , NC 27708 , USA .
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Hu Y, Ji D, Zhao C, Zheng H, Chen Q. Catalytic Prenylation and Reverse Prenylation of Indoles with Isoprene: Regioselectivity Manipulation through Choice of Metal Hydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:5438-5442. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201901025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Cheng Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Ding‐Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Chao‐Yang Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
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Schmidt JP, Breit B. Transition metal catalyzed stereodivergent synthesis of syn- and anti-δ-vinyl-lactams: formal total synthesis of (-)-cermizine C and (-)-senepodine G. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3074-3079. [PMID: 30996889 PMCID: PMC6430088 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05502e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A stereodivergent and diastereoselective transition-metal-catalyzed intramolecular hydroamidation of allenes and alkynes furnishing δ-vinyl-lactams is reported. Employing a rhodium catalyst allowed for the selective synthesis of the syn-δ-lactam. Conversely, a palladium catalyst led to the formation of the anti-δ-lactam in high selectivity. The new method shows high functional group compatibility and assorted synthetic transformations were demonstrated as well as its utility for the enantioselective formal total syntheses of (-)-cermizine C and (-)-senepodine G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Philipp Schmidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany .
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie , Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg , Albertstrasse 21 , 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau , Germany .
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Hu Y, Ji D, Zhao C, Zheng H, Chen Q. Catalytic Prenylation and Reverse Prenylation of Indoles with Isoprene: Regioselectivity Manipulation through Choice of Metal Hydride. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201901025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan‐Cheng Hu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Ding‐Wei Ji
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Chao‐Yang Zhao
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Qing‐An Chen
- Dalian Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
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Regiodivergent Hydroaminoalkylation of Alkynes and Allenes by a Combined Rhodium and Photoredox Catalytic System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Zheng J, Breit B. Regiodivergent Hydroaminoalkylation of Alkynes and Allenes by a Combined Rhodium and Photoredox Catalytic System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3392-3397. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zheng
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; Albertstrasse 21 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau Germany
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Wu Q, Shao PL, He Y. Synthesis of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines and pyridazines via transition-metal-free (4 + 2) cycloaddition of alkoxyallenes with 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes. RSC Adv 2019; 9:21507-21512. [PMID: 35521294 PMCID: PMC9066181 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02712b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an economical and practical protocol for the synthesis of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines. A diverse range of alkoxyallenes and 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes undergo (4 + 2) cycloaddition to generate the desired products in excellent yields. The high efficiency, wide substrate scope and good functional group tolerance of this process, coupled with operational simplicity, render the method synthetically attractive. The utility of the cycloaddition is also demonstrated by the preparation of various pyridazines from 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines. We developed an economical and practical protocol for the synthesis of 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazines and pyridazines via cyclization of alkoxyallenes and 1,2-diaza-1,3-dienes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
- People's Republic of China
| | - Pan-Lin Shao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yun He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
- People's Republic of China
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Bao CC, Zheng DS, Zhang X, You SL. Iridium/N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complex-Catalyzed Intermolecular Allylic Alkylation Reaction. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Can-Can Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Dong-Song Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, China
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Berthold D, Breit B. Total Synthesis of (-)-Cylindrocyclophane F: A Yardstick for Probing New Catalytic C-C Bond-Forming Methodologies. Chemistry 2018; 24:16770-16773. [PMID: 30204273 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A short and efficient total synthesis of the C2 -symmetric (-)-cylindrocyclophane F is presented, using a cross olefin metathesis dimerization strategy for construction of the [7,7]-paracyclophane macrocycle. The synthesis of the dimerization building block includes a Pd-catalyzed sp3 -sp2 Negishi cross coupling of a sterically hindered Zn-reagent with an aromatic triflate, an enantiospecific Zn-catalyzed sp3 -sp3 cross coupling of an α-hydroxy ester triflate with a Grignard reagent and the application of an enantioselective Rh-catalyzed C-allylation of an electron rich arene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Berthold
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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