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Lu Y, Li Y, Fan J, Li X, Sun H, Wang L, Han X, Zhu Y, Zhang T, Shi Y, Xie Y, Hong B. Expanding structural diversity of 5'-aminouridine moiety of sansanmycin via mutational biosynthesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1278601. [PMID: 38026887 PMCID: PMC10643210 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1278601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sansanmycins represent a family of uridyl peptide antibiotics with antimicrobial activity specifically against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (including drug-resistant M. tuberculosis) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. They target translocase I (MraY) to inhibit bacterial cell wall assembly. Given the unique mechanism of action, sansanmycin has emerged as a potential lead compound for developing new anti-tuberculosis drugs, while the 5'-aminouridine moiety plays a crucial role in the pharmacophore of sansanmycin. For expanding the structural diversity of the 5'-aminouridine moiety of sansanmycin through biosynthetic methods, we firstly demonstrated that SsaM and SsaK are responsible for the biosynthesis of the 5'-aminouridine moiety of sansanmycin in vivo. Using the ssaK deletion mutant (SS/KKO), we efficiently obtained a series of new analogues with modified 5'-aminouridine moieties through mutational biosynthesis. Based on molecular networking analysis of MS/MS, twenty-two new analogues (SS-KK-1 to -13 and SS-KK-A to -I) were identified. Among them, four new analogues (SS-KK-1 to -3 and SS-KK-C) were purified and bioassayed. SS-KK-2 showed better antibacterial activity against E. coli ΔtolC than the parent compound sansanmycin A. SS-KK-3 showed the same anti-TB activity as sansanmycin A against M. tuberculosis H37Rv as well as clinically isolated, drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Furthermore, SS-KK-3 exhibited significantly improved structural stability compared to sansanmycin A. The results suggested that mutasynthesis is an effective and practical strategy for expanding the structural diversity of 5'-aminouridine moiety in sansanmycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lu
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yihong Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahui Fan
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Li
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmin Sun
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lifei Wang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xingli Han
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yunying Xie
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Hong
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology for Drug Innovation and NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Yang R, Feng J, Xiang H, Cheng B, Shao LD, Li YP, Wang H, Hu QF, Xiao WL, Matsuda Y, Wang WG. Ketoreductase Domain-Catalyzed Polyketide Chain Release in Fungal Alkyl Salicylaldehyde Biosynthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:11293-11300. [PMID: 37172192 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c02011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Alkyl salicylaldehyde derivatives are polyketide natural products, which are widely distributed in fungi and exhibit great structural diversity. Their biosynthetic mechanisms have recently been intensively studied; however, how the polyketide synthases (PKSs) involved in the fungal alkyl salicylaldehyde biosyntheses release their products remained elusive. In this study, we discovered an orphan biosynthetic gene cluster of salicylaldehyde derivatives in the fungus Stachybotrys sp. g12. Intriguingly, the highly reducing PKS StrA, encoded by the gene cluster, performs a reductive polyketide chain release, although it lacks a C-terminal reductase domain, which is typically required for such a reductive release. Our study revealed that the chain release is achieved by the ketoreductase (KR) domain of StrA, which also conducts cannonical β-keto reductions during polyketide chain elongation. Furthermore, we found that the cupin domain-containing protein StrC plays a critical role in the aromatization reaction. Collectively, we have provided an unprecedented example of a KR domain-catalyzed polyketide chain release and a clearer image of how the salicylaldehyde scaffold is generated in fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Yang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Jian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Hao Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory and Yunnan Provincial Center of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Dong Shao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500 Yunnan, China
| | - Yan-Ping Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500 Yunnan, China
| | - Hang Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qiu-Fen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei-Lie Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory and Yunnan Provincial Center of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Yudai Matsuda
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518057, China
| | - Wei-Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650031, Yunnan, China
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Wohlgemuth R. Selective Biocatalytic Defunctionalization of Raw Materials. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202200402. [PMID: 35388636 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Biobased raw materials, such as carbohydrates, amino acids, nucleotides, or lipids contain valuable functional groups with oxygen and nitrogen atoms. An abundance of many functional groups of the same type, such as primary or secondary hydroxy groups in carbohydrates, however, limits the synthetic usefulness if similar reactivities cannot be differentiated. Therefore, selective defunctionalization of highly functionalized biobased starting materials to differentially functionalized compounds can provide a sustainable access to chiral synthons, even in case of products with fewer functional groups. Selective defunctionalization reactions, without affecting other functional groups of the same type, are of fundamental interest for biocatalytic reactions. Controlled biocatalytic defunctionalizations of biobased raw materials are attractive for obtaining valuable platform chemicals and building blocks. The biocatalytic removal of functional groups, an important feature of natural metabolic pathways, can also be utilized in a systemic strategy for sustainable metabolite synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Lodz University of Technology Łódź, 90-537, Lodz, Poland
- Swiss Coordination Committee Biotechnology (SKB), 8002, Zurich, Switzerland
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4
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Zhang R. The Cupin Protein Pac13 is Suggested by the Data to Be a Homodimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 59:12580-12583. [PMID: 32691958 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cupin proteins share a double-stranded β-helix fold, form one of the largest protein superfamilies, and possess remarkable functional diversity. They usually exist in homooligomeric states. Goss and co-workers recently reported that the cupin protein Pac13, which is a dehydratase that mediates the formation of the 3'-deoxy nucleoside of pacidamycins, is an unusual small monomer. However, a careful analysis of the biophysical and structural data provided by the authors suggests that Pac13 is in fact a homodimer, similar to many other cupin proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, P. R. China
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Multi-Enzymatic Cascades in the Synthesis of Modified Nucleosides: Comparison of the Thermophilic and Mesophilic Pathways. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040586. [PMID: 33923608 PMCID: PMC8073115 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A comparative study of the possibilities of using ribokinase → phosphopentomutase → nucleoside phosphorylase cascades in the synthesis of modified nucleosides was carried out. Recombinant phosphopentomutase from Thermus thermophilus HB27 was obtained for the first time: a strain producing a soluble form of the enzyme was created, and a method for its isolation and chromatographic purification was developed. It was shown that cascade syntheses of modified nucleosides can be carried out both by the mesophilic and thermophilic routes from D-pentoses: ribose, 2-deoxyribose, arabinose, xylose, and 2-deoxy-2-fluoroarabinose. The efficiency of 2-chloradenine nucleoside synthesis decreases in the following order: Rib (92), dRib (74), Ara (66), F-Ara (8), and Xyl (2%) in 30 min for mesophilic enzymes. For thermophilic enzymes: Rib (76), dRib (62), Ara (32), F-Ara (<1), and Xyl (2%) in 30 min. Upon incubation of the reaction mixtures for a day, the amounts of 2-chloroadenine riboside (thermophilic cascade), 2-deoxyribosides (both cascades), and arabinoside (mesophilic cascade) decreased roughly by half. The conversion of the base to 2-fluoroarabinosides and xylosides continued to increase in both cases and reached 20-40%. Four nucleosides were quantitatively produced by a cascade of enzymes from D-ribose and D-arabinose. The ribosides of 8-azaguanine (thermophilic cascade) and allopurinol (mesophilic cascade) were synthesized. For the first time, D-arabinosides of 2-chloro-6-methoxypurine and 2-fluoro-6-methoxypurine were synthesized using the mesophilic cascade. Despite the relatively small difference in temperatures when performing the cascade reactions (50 and 80 °C), the rate of product formation in the reactions with Escherichia coli enzymes was significantly higher. E. coli enzymes also provided a higher content of the target products in the reaction mixture. Therefore, they are more appropriate for use in the polyenzymatic synthesis of modified nucleosides.
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McErlean M, Liu X, Cui Z, Gust B, Van Lanen SG. Identification and characterization of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:1362-1407. [PMID: 33404015 DOI: 10.1039/d0np00064g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to September 2020 Hundreds of nucleoside-based natural products have been isolated from various microorganisms, several of which have been utilized in agriculture as pesticides and herbicides, in medicine as therapeutics for cancer and infectious disease, and as molecular probes to study biological processes. Natural products consisting of structural modifications of each of the canonical nucleosides have been discovered, ranging from simple modifications such as single-step alkylations or acylations to highly elaborate modifications that dramatically alter the nucleoside scaffold and require multiple enzyme-catalyzed reactions. A vast amount of genomic information has been uncovered the past two decades, which has subsequently allowed the first opportunity to interrogate the chemically intriguing enzymatic transformations for the latter type of modifications. This review highlights (i) the discovery and potential applications of structurally complex pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics for which genetic information is known, (ii) the established reactions that convert the canonical pyrimidine into a new nucleoside scaffold, and (iii) the important tailoring reactions that impart further structural complexity to these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McErlean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - Z Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
| | - B Gust
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - S G Van Lanen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, USA.
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Shepard SM, Kim H, Bang QX, Alhokbany N, Cummins CC. Synthesis of α,δ-Disubstituted Tetraphosphates and Terminally-Functionalized Nucleoside Pentaphosphates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:463-470. [PMID: 33375782 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The anion [P4O11]2-, employed as its bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium (PPN) salt, is shown herein to be a versatile reagent for nucleophile tetraphosphorylation. Treatment under anhydrous conditions with an alkylamine base and a nucleophile (HNuc1), such as an alcohol (neopentanol, cyclohexanol, 4-methylumbelliferone, and Boc-Tyr-OMe), an amine (propargylamine, diethylamine, morpholine, 3,5-dimethylaniline, and isopropylamine), dihydrogen phosphate, phenylphosphonate, azide ion, or methylidene triphenylphosphorane, results in nucleophile substituted tetrametaphosphates ([P4O11Nuc1]3-) as mixed PPN and alkylammonium salts in 59% to 99% yield. Treatment of the resulting functionalized tetrametaphosphates with a second nucleophile (HNuc2), such as hydroxide, a phenol (4-methylumbelliferone), an amine (propargylamine and ethanolamine), fluoride, or a nucleoside monophosphate (uridine monophosphate, deoxyadenosine monophosphate, and adenosine monophosphate), results in ring opening to linear tetraphosphates bearing one nucleophile on each end ([Nuc1(PO3)3PO2Nuc2]4-). When necessary, these linear tetraphosphates are purified by reverse phase or anion exchange HPLC, yielding triethylammonium or ammonium salts in 32% to 92% yield from [PPN]2[P4O11]. Phosphorylation of methylidene triphenylphosphorane as Nuc1 yields a new tetrametaphosphate-based ylide ([Ph3PCHP4O11]3-, 94% yield). Wittig olefination of 2',3'-O-isopropylidene-5'-deoxy-5'-uridylaldehyde using this ylide results in a 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydronucleotide derivative, isolated as the triethylammonium salt in 54% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Shepard
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Hyehwang Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Qing Xin Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Norah Alhokbany
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
| | - Christopher C Cummins
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, United States
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8
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Zhang R. The Cupin Protein Pac13 is Suggested by the Data to Be a Homodimer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rundong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China Hospital Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy Chengdu 610041 P. R. China
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Michailidou F, Chung C, Brown MJB, Naismith JH, Leavens WJ, Lynn SM, Sharma SV, Goss RJM. Corrigendum: Pac13 is a Small Dehydratase that Mediates the Formation of the 3′‐Deoxy Nucleoside of Pacidamycins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:12573. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Michailidou F, Chung C, Brown MJB, Naismith JH, Leavens WJ, Lynn SM, Sharma SV, Goss RJM. Berichtigung: Pac13 is a Small Dehydratase that Mediates the Formation of the 3′‐Deoxy Nucleoside of Pacidamycins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Recent advances in the biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:913-923. [PMID: 31554958 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0236-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Nucleoside antibiotics are a diverse class of natural products with promising biomedical activities. These compounds contain a saccharide core and a nucleobase. Despite the large number of nucleoside antibiotics that have been reported, biosynthetic studies on these compounds have been limited compared with those on other types of natural products such as polyketides, peptides, and terpenoids. Due to recent advances in genome sequencing technology, the biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics has rapidly been clarified. This review covering 2009-2019 focuses on recent advances in the biosynthesis of nucleoside antibiotics.
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Mechanism of action of nucleoside antibacterial natural product antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2019; 72:865-876. [DOI: 10.1038/s41429-019-0227-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Hill RA, Sutherland A. Hot off the press. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:1340-1344. [PMID: 29090285 DOI: 10.1039/c7np90044a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A personal selection of 32 recent papers is presented covering various aspects of current developments in bioorganic chemistry and novel natural products such as tryptorubin A isolated from a Streptomyces species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- School of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UKG12 8QQ.
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Michailidou F, Chung C, Brown MJB, Bent AF, Naismith JH, Leavens WJ, Lynn SM, Sharma SV, Goss RJM. Pac13 is a Small, Monomeric Dehydratase that Mediates the Formation of the 3'-Deoxy Nucleoside of Pacidamycins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:12492-12497. [PMID: 28786545 PMCID: PMC5656905 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201705639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The uridyl peptide antibiotics (UPAs), of which pacidamycin is a member, have a clinically unexploited mode of action and an unusual assembly. Perhaps the most striking feature of these molecules is the biosynthetically unique 3'-deoxyuridine that they share. This moiety is generated by an unusual, small and monomeric dehydratase, Pac13, which catalyses the dehydration of uridine-5'-aldehyde. Here we report the structural characterisation of Pac13 with a series of ligands, and gain insight into the enzyme's mechanism demonstrating that H42 is critical to the enzyme's activity and that the reaction is likely to proceed via an E1cB mechanism. The resemblance of the 3'-deoxy pacidamycin moiety with the synthetic anti-retrovirals, presents a potential opportunity for the utilisation of Pac13 in the biocatalytic generation of antiviral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freideriki Michailidou
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
- GSKStevenageSG1 2NYUK
| | | | | | - Andrew F. Bent
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - James H. Naismith
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | | | | | - Sunil V. Sharma
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
| | - Rebecca J. M. Goss
- School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsNorth HaughSt AndrewsFifeKY16 9STUK
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