1
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Papangelis E, Pelzer K, Gourlaouen C, Armspach D, Braunstein P, Danopoulos AA, Bailly C, Tsoureas N, Gerokonstantis DT. New Pyridine Dicarbene Pincer Ligands with Ring Expanded NHCs and their Nickel and Chromium Complexes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400169. [PMID: 38619064 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The pincer complexes [NiIIBr(CNC)]Br (4), [CrIIIBr3(CNC)] (5 a) and [CrIIIBr2.3Cl0.7(CNC)] (5 b), where CNC=3,3'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(1-mesityl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ylidene), were obtained from the novel ligand CNC, generated in situ from the precursor (CHNCH)Br2 and [NiIIBr2(PPh3)2] or from [CrII{N(SiMe3)2}2(THF)2] and (CHNCH)Br2 by aminolysis, respectively. The tetrahedrally distorted square planar (τ4≅0.30) geometry and the singlet ground state of Ni in 4 were attributed to steric constraints of the CNC backbone. Computational methods highlighted the dependence of the coordination geometry and the singlet-triplet energy difference on the size of the N-substituent of the tetrahydropyrimidine wingtips and contrasted it to the situation in 5-membered imidazolin-2-ylidene pincer analogues. The octahedral CrIII metal center in 5 a and 5 b is presumably formed after one electron oxidation from CH2Cl2. 4/MAO and 5 a/MAO were catalysts of moderate activity for the oligomerization and polymerization of ethylene, respectively. The analogous (CH^N^CH)Br2 precursor, where (CH^N^CH)=3,3'-(pyridine-2,6-diylbis(methylene))bis(1-mesityl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-1-ium), was also prepared, however its coordination chemistry was not studied due to the inherent instability of the resulting free C^N^C ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Papangelis
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Katrin Pelzer
- Equipe Confinement Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, CS-90032, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, CS-90032, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Armspach
- Equipe Confinement Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, CS-90032, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Equipe Confinement Moléculaire et Catalyse, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4, rue Blaise Pascal, CS-90032, 67081, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Andreas A Danopoulos
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Fédération de Chimie "Le Bel" -, UAR2042, BP 296R8, 1, rue Blaise Pascal, 67008, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Nikolaos Tsoureas
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Triantafyllos Gerokonstantis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771, Athens, Greece
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2
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Experimental and Theoretical Study of Ni II - and Pd II -Promoted Double Geminal C(sp 3 )-H Bond Activation Providing Facile Access to NHC Pincer Complexes: Isolated Intermediates and Mechanism. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200507. [PMID: 35543286 PMCID: PMC9401054 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We report the first examples of metal-promoted double geminal activation of C(sp3 )-H bonds of the N-CH2 -N moiety in an imidazole-type heterocycle, leading to nickel and palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes under mild conditions. Reaction of the new electron-rich diphosphine 1,3-bis((di-tert-butylphosphaneyl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (1) with [PdCl2 (cod)] occurred in a stepwise fashion, first by single C-H bond activation yielding the alkyl pincer complex [PdCl(PCsp 3 H P)] (3) with two trans phosphane donors and a covalent Pd-Csp 3 bond. Activation of the C-H bond of the resulting α-methine Csp 3 H-M group occurred subsequently when 3 was treated with HCl to yield the NHC pincer complex [PdCl(PCNHC P)]Cl (2). Treatment of 1 with [NiBr2 (dme)] also afforded a NHC pincer complex, [NiBr(PCNHC P)]Br (6), but the reactions leading to the double geminal C-H bond activation of the N-CH2 -N group were too fast to allow identification or isolation of an intermediate analogous to 3. The determination of six crystal structures, the isolation of reaction intermediates and DFT calculations provided the basis for suggesting the mechanism of the stepwise transformation of a N-CH2 -N moiety in the N-CNHC -N unit of NHC pincer complexes and explain the key differences observed between the Pd and Ni chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuP. R. China) E-mail: s
- Laboratoire de Chimie de CoordinationInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie QuantiqueInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009JiangsuP. R. China) E-mail: s
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de CoordinationInstitut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS)Université de Strasbourg4 rue Blaise Pascal67081StrasbourgFrance
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3
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Influence of the Flexibility of Nickel PCP‐Pincer Complexes on C−H and P−C Bond Activation and Ethylene Reactivity: A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104234. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225009 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS) Université de Strasbourg 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg France
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4
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He F, Gourlaouen C, Pang H, Braunstein P. Imidazolium salts and [Pt(cod) 2]: from NHC hydrido complexes to the unprecedented olefinic tetrahedral cluster [Pt 4(μ-H)(cod) 4]BF 4. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10039-10042. [PMID: 34505595 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03673d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Whereas the bis(imine)imidazolium salt 1·Cl is a potential precursor to a NimineCNHCNimine pincer-type ligand, it reacted with [Pt(cod)2] to give the PtII NHC hydrido complex 3, in which chloride coordination and CNHCNimine chelation is preferred over pincer formation. Unexpectedly, reaction of 1·BF4 with [Pt(cod)2] afforded the unprecedented, 56 CVE tetrahedral cluster [Pt4(μ-H)(cod)4]BF4 (7), which was fully characterized. Imidazolium salts are ubiquitous sources of the much studied NHC ligands and not expected to lead to the formation of metal clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengkai He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, Strasbourg 67081, Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Gourlaouen
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg 67081, Cedex, France
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, P. R. China
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177, Strasbourg 67081, Cedex, France
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5
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Ren X, Wesolek M, Bailly C, Karmazin L, Braunstein P. Silver(I) and Nickel(II) Complexes with Oxygen‐ or Nitrogen‐Functionalized NHC Ditopic Ligands and Catalytic Ethylene Oligomerization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Marcel Wesolek
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Corinne Bailly
- Université de Strasbourg Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie «Le Belû FR2010 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Lydia Karmazin
- Université de Strasbourg Service de Radiocristallographie, Fédération de Chimie «Le Belû FR2010 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67008 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg CNRS CHIMIE UMR 7177, Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
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6
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Danopoulos AA, Simler T, Braunstein P. N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Copper, Nickel, and Cobalt. Chem Rev 2019; 119:3730-3961. [PMID: 30843688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands across the Periodic Table had an impact on various aspects of the coordination, organometallic, and catalytic chemistry of the 3d metals, including Cu, Ni, and Co, both from the fundamental viewpoint but also in applications, including catalysis, photophysics, bioorganometallic chemistry, materials, etc. In this review, the emergence, development, and state of the art in these three areas are described in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas A Danopoulos
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Panepistimiopolis Zografou , Athens GR 15771 , Greece.,Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Thomas Simler
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut de Chimie UMR 7177 , Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination , Strasbourg 67081 Cedex , France
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7
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Ren X, Wesolek M, Braunstein P. Cu(i), Ag(i), Ni(ii), Cr(iii) and Ir(i) complexes with tritopic NimineCNHCNamine pincer ligands and catalytic ethylene oligomerization. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:12895-12909. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02400j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentially pincer-type tritopic NimineCNHCNamine ligands with a variable length of the spacer connecting Nimidazole to the amine donor are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- CHIMIE UMR 7177
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- 67081 Strasbourg Cedex
| | - Marcel Wesolek
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- CHIMIE UMR 7177
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- 67081 Strasbourg Cedex
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg
- CNRS
- CHIMIE UMR 7177
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination
- 67081 Strasbourg Cedex
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8
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Ren X, Wesolek M, Braunstein P. Nickel(II) Complexes with Tritopic Nimine
CNHC
Namine
Pincer Ligands. Chemistry 2018; 24:14794-14801. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ren
- Université de Strasbourg; CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177; Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Marcel Wesolek
- Université de Strasbourg; CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177; Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Université de Strasbourg; CNRS, CHIMIE UMR 7177; Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination; 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67081 Strasbourg Cedex France
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