1
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Polkaehn J, Ehlers P, Villinger A, Langer P. Divergent Synthesis of 5,7-Diazaullazines Derivatives through a Combination of Cycloisomerization with Povarov or Alkyne-Carbonyl Metathesis. Molecules 2024; 29:2159. [PMID: 38731649 PMCID: PMC11085690 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Ullazines and their π-expanded derivatives have gained much attention as active components in various applications, such as in organic photovoltaic cells or as photosensitizers for CO2 photoreduction. Here, we report the divergent synthesis of functionalized diazaullazines by means of two different domino-reactions consisting of either a Povarov/cycloisomerization or alkyne-carbonyl metathesis/cycloisomerization protocol. The corresponding quinolino-diazaullazine and benzoyl-diazaullazine derivatives were obtained in moderate to good yields. Their optical and electronic properties were studied and compared to related, literature-known compounds to obtain insights into the impact of nitrogen doping and π-expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Polkaehn
- Institute of Chemistry, University Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Ehlers
- Institute of Chemistry, University Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Villinger
- Institute of Chemistry, University Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Peter Langer
- Institute of Chemistry, University Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis (LIKAT), University Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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2
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Duan Y, Chen M, Hayashi H, Yamada H, Liu X, Zhang L. Buckybowl and its chiral hybrids featuring eight-membered rings and helicene units. Chem Sci 2023; 14:10420-10428. [PMID: 37800001 PMCID: PMC10548505 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00658a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the synthesis of a novel buckybowl (7) with a high bowl-to-bowl inversion barrier (ΔG‡ = 38 kcal mol-1), which renders the rate of inversion slow enough at room temperature to establish two chiral polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). By strategic fusion of eight-membered rings to the rim of 7, the chiral hybrids 8 and 9 are synthesized and display helicity and positive and negative curvature, allowing the enantiomers to be configurationally stable and their chiroptical properties are thoroughly examined. Computational and experimental studies reveal the enantiomerization mechanisms for the chiral hybrids and demonstrate that the eight-membered ring strongly affects the conformational stability. Because of its static and doubly curved conformation, 9 shows a high binding affinity towards C60. The OFET performance of 7-9 could be tuned and the hybrids show ambipolar characteristics. Notably, the 9·C60 cocrystal exhibits well-balanced ambipolar performance with electron and hole mobilities of up to 0.19 and 0.11 cm2 V-1 s-1, respectively. This is the first demonstration of a chiral curved PAH and its complex with C60 for organic devices. Our work presents new insight into buckybowl-based design of PAHs with configurational stability and intriguing optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Duan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Meng Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Hironobu Hayashi
- Division of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- Division of Materials Science Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) 8916-5 Takayama-cho Ikoma Nara 630-0192 Japan
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 P. R. China
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3
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Kawazoe T, Yanai H, Hagiyama Y, Funabiki K, Matsumoto T. Diverse Synthesis of 2H-Isoindole-Based Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301703. [PMID: 37493337 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Disubstituted N-aryl-2H-isoindoles have been synthesized by a cascade reaction of divinyl ethers, which are derived from easily available 4-bromoisocoumarins, with substituted anilines in HFIP. This cascade reaction consists of a ring-opening step through addition-elimination mechanism and the following 5-exo-tet type ring-closing step via the intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction. Thus obtained 2H-isoindoles have been derivatized to high-order nitrogen-containing polycycles including less accessible benzo[a]ullazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teru Kawazoe
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hikaru Yanai
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuto Hagiyama
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Funabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsumoto
- School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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4
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Kawahara KP, Ito H, Itami K. Rapid access to polycyclic thiopyrylium compounds from unfunctionalized aromatics by thia-APEX reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1157-1160. [PMID: 36594536 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06706d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We developed a sulfur-embedding annulative π-extension (thia-APEX) reaction that could construct a sulfur-embedding cationic hexagonal aromatic ring, thiopyrylium, onto unfunctionalized aromatics in one step. The key of thia-APEX is the use of S-imidated ortho-arenoyl arenethiols, and a variety of π-extended thiopyryliums can easily be synthesized. The synthesized thiopyryliums showed diverse absorption and emission properties over the visible light to NIR region, depending on minor structural differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou P Kawahara
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Hideto Ito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. .,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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5
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Li S, Sun Y, Li X, Smaga O, Koniarz S, Stępień M, Chmielewski PJ. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic azomethine ylide to norcorroles: towards dibenzoullazine-fused derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6510-6513. [PMID: 35575428 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 1,3-cycloaddition reaction of 2-(tert-butyl)-8H-isoquinolino[4,3,2-de]phenanthridin-9-ium chloride to NiII norcorrole in the presence of base is shown to produce a family of chiral derivatives of polycyclic system(s) fused with pyrrole subunit(s) of the macrocycle. Dehydrogenation of the cycloaddition products gave rise to dibenzoullazine ortho-fused antiaromatic porphyrinoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Yahan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan, Hunan 411201, China.
| | - Oskar Smaga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Koniarz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Marcin Stępień
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Piotr J Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50 383 Wrocław, Poland.
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6
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang H, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117504. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Renjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
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7
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Zhang X, Mackinnon MR, Bodwell GJ, Ito S. Synthesis of a π-Extended Azacorannulenophane Enabled by Strain-Induced 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116585. [PMID: 35148448 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a cyclophane bearing a nitrogen-containing buckybowl was synthesized via sequential 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition and palladium-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization. The key to the successful synthesis is the strain-induced 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of a polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylide to the K-region of [7](2,7)pyrenophane. The resulting π-extended azacorannulenophane exhibits intriguing structural and physical properties, including unique variation of bowl depth, extraordinarily high-field chemical shifts in its 1 H NMR spectrum, a decreased HOMO-LUMO gap, and a red shift in the absorption/emission spectrum, when compared to those of the parent azacorannulene. These characteristics are derived from both the π-extension to the polycyclic aromatic system in the cyclophane structure and the increased curvature enforced by the seven-carbon aliphatic chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Marc R Mackinnon
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Graham J Bodwell
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X7, Canada
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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8
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Fully conjugated azacorannulene dimer as large diaza[80]fullerene fragment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1498. [PMID: 35314682 PMCID: PMC8938435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractA fully conjugated azacorannulene dimer with a large π-surface (76π system) was successfully synthesized from a fully conjugated bifunctional polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylide. This molecule represents an example of diaza[80]fullerene (C78N2) fragment molecule bearing two internal nitrogen atoms. X-ray crystallography analysis shows its boat-shaped structure with two terminal azacorannulenes bent in the same direction. The molecular shape leads to unique selective association with a dumbbell-shaped C60 dimer (C120) over C60 through shape recognition. Owing to its large π-surface and a narrow HOMO–LUMO gap, the azacorannulene dimer exhibits red fluorescence with a quantum yield of up to 31%. The utilization of the fully conjugated bifunctional azomethine ylide is a powerful method for the bottom-up synthesis of large multiazafullerene fragments, providing a step towards the selective total synthesis of multiazafullerenes.
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9
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Renjie Wang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Zitong Liu
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Lanzhou University State key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 222 Tianshui Southern Road 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
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10
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Zhang X, Mackinnon MR, Bodwell GJ, Ito S. Synthesis of a π‐Extended Azacorannulenophane Enabled by Strain‐Induced 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiang Zhang
- Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical sciences 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Marc R. Mackinnon
- Memorial University of Newfoundland Chemistry A1B 3X7 St. John's CANADA
| | - Graham J. Bodwell
- Memorial University of Newfoundland Chemistry A1B 3X7 St. John’s CANADA
| | - Shingo Ito
- Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
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11
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Dumele O, Đorđević L, Sai H, Cotey TJ, Sangji MH, Sato K, Dannenhoffer AJ, Stupp SI. Photocatalytic Aqueous CO 2 Reduction to CO and CH 4 Sensitized by Ullazine Supramolecular Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3127-3136. [PMID: 35143726 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There has been rapid progress on the chemistry of supramolecular scaffolds that harness sunlight for aqueous photocatalytic production of hydrogen. However, great efforts are still needed to develop similar photosynthetic systems for the great challenge of CO2 reduction especially if they avoid the use of nonabundant metals. This work investigates the synthesis of supramolecular polymers capable of sensitizing catalysts that require more negative potentials than proton reduction. The monomers are chromophore amphiphiles based on a diareno-fused ullazine core that undergo supramolecular polymerization in water to create entangled nanoscale fibers. Under 450 nm visible light these fibers sensitize a dinuclear cobalt catalyst for CO2 photoreduction to generate carbon monoxide and methane using a sacrificial electron donor. The supramolecular photocatalytic system can generate amounts of CH4 comparable to those obtained with a precious metal-based [Ru(phen)3](PF6)2 sensitizer and, in contrast to Ru-based catalysts, retains photocatalytic activity in all aqueous media over 6 days. The present study demonstrates the potential of tailored supramolecular polymers as renewable energy and sustainability materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Dumele
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Hiroaki Sai
- Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Thomas J Cotey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - M Hussain Sangji
- Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Kohei Sato
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Adam J Dannenhoffer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Center for Bio-Inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
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12
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Borissov A, Maurya YK, Moshniaha L, Wong WS, Żyła-Karwowska M, Stępień M. Recent Advances in Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds. Chem Rev 2022; 122:565-788. [PMID: 34850633 PMCID: PMC8759089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review surveys recent progress in the chemistry of polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules with a focus on structural diversity and synthetic methodology. The article covers literature published during the period of 2016-2020, providing an update to our first review of this topic (Chem. Rev. 2017, 117 (4), 3479-3716).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Stępień
- Wydział Chemii, Uniwersytet
Wrocławski, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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13
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Kise K, Ooi S, Saito H, Yorimitsu H, Osuka A, Tanaka T. Five‐Fold Symmetric Pentaindolo‐ and Pentakis(benzoindolo)Corannulenes: Unique Structural Dynamics Derived from the Combination of Helical and Bowl Inversions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kise
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Shota Ooi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hayate Saito
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
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14
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Kunioka N, Furukawa M, Hashimoto S, Tahara K. Synthesis, electronic properties, and self-assembly of an alkylated dibenzo(biscorannulene). Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00428c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of a novel fully-conjugated biscorannulene derivative were reported. This biscorannulene derivative shows self-association in solution and adopts a stacked geometry in crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Kunioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Masazumi Furukawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Shingo Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Kazukuni Tahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1 Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Japan
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15
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Tanaka T, Kise K. Non-Planar Polycyclic Aromatic Molecules Including Heterole Units. HETEROCYCLES 2022. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-22-982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Li QQ, Hamamoto Y, Tan CCH, Sato H, Ito S. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides and imidoyl halides for synthesis of π-extended imidazolium salts. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00941b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new synthetic approach to π-extended imidazolium salts is developed based on 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides with imidoyl chlorides in the presence of cesium fluoride as a key additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Yosuke Hamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Cai Hui Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Hiroyasu Sato
- Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12 Matsubara-Cho, Akishima, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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17
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Hager J, Kang S, Chmielewski PJ, Lis T, Kim D, Stępień M. Acenaphthylene-Fused Ullazines: Fluorescent π-Extended Monopyrroles with Tunable Electronic Gaps. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00421f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
π-Extended dibenzoullazines containing an acenaphthylene subunit were designed and synthesized. Two different synthetic strategies were employed: route A, based on Pd-catalyzed cyclodehydrohalogenation of α,α-disubstituted N-arylpyrroles, and route B, using a...
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18
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Kise K, Ooi S, Saito H, Yorimitsu H, Osuka A, Tanaka T. Five-Fold Symmetric Pentaindolo- and Pentakis(benzoindolo)Corannulenes: Unique Structural Dynamics Derived from the Combination of Helical and Bowl Inversions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112589. [PMID: 34738305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Peripherally π-extended corannulenes bearing quintuple azahelicene units, 10 and 11, were prepared and their dynamic behaviors were studied experimentally and theoretically. The fused corannulenes were synthesized from sym-pentabromocorannulene in three steps. X-Ray diffraction analysis for 10 displayed a conformer possessing a P(M) bowl chirality and a PPMPM (PMPMM) helical chirality, which was found to be the most stable conformer(s). Variable-temperature NMR measurements of 10 and 11 revealed that their structural isomers can be interconvertible in solution, depending on the steric congestion around the helical scaffolds. Automated search for conformers in the equilibrium and transition states by Artificial Force Induced Reaction (AFIR) method revealed their interconversion networks, including bowl-inversion and helical-inversion. This analysis indicated that the co-existing corannulene and azahelicene moieties influence the conformational dynamics, which leads to mitigation of the activation energy barriers for isomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kise
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shota Ooi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hayate Saito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Hideki Yorimitsu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Atsuhiro Osuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
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19
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Miao D, Di Michele V, Gagnon F, Aumaître C, Lucotti A, Del Zoppo M, Lirette F, Tommasini M, Morin JF. Pyrrole-Embedded Linear and Helical Graphene Nanoribbons. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11302-11308. [PMID: 34296873 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Linear and helical graphene nanoribbons (L-PyGNR and H-PyGNR) bearing electron-rich pyrrole units have been synthesized by using the photochemical cyclodehydrochlorination (CDHC) reaction. The pyrrole units in the polymer backbone make the polymer electron-rich with moderate bandgap values and relatively high HOMO energy levels. The planarization of the pyrrole unit through cyclization yields a bandgap value almost 0.5 eV lower than that measured for polypyrrole. Conductivity values in the thin film up to 0.12 S/cm were measured for the chemically oxidized L-PyGNR (four-point method). Both GNRs showed excellent fluorescence sensing properties for TNT in solution with KSV values up to 6.4 × 106 M-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Miao
- Département de chimie and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, 1045 Ave de la Médecine, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Vanessa Di Michele
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Félix Gagnon
- Département de chimie and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, 1045 Ave de la Médecine, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Cyril Aumaître
- Département de chimie and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, 1045 Ave de la Médecine, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Andrea Lucotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mirella Del Zoppo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Frédéric Lirette
- Département de chimie and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, 1045 Ave de la Médecine, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Matteo Tommasini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Jean-François Morin
- Département de chimie and Centre de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (CERMA), Université Laval, 1045 Ave de la Médecine, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
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20
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Taniguchi T, Nishii Y, Mori T, Nakayama KI, Miura M. Synthesis, Structure, and Chiroptical Properties of Indolo- and Pyridopyrrolo-Carbazole-Based C 2 -Symmetric Azahelicenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:7356-7361. [PMID: 33778999 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of 11,12-bis(1,1'-biphenyl-3-yl or 6-phenylpyridin-2-yl)-substituted 11,12-dihydro-indolo[2,3-a]carbazole with an oxidizing system of Pd(II)/Ag(I) induced effective double dehydrogenative cyclization to afford the corresponding π-extended azahelicenes. The optical resolutions were readily achieved by a preparative chiral HPLC. It was found that the pyridopyrrolo-carbazole-based azahelicene that contains four nitrogen atoms exhibits ca. 6 times larger dissymmetry factors both in circularly dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), |gCD | and |gCPL | values being 1.1×10-2 and 4.4×10-3 , respectively, as compared with the parent indolocarbazole-based azahelicene. Theoretical calculations at the RI-CC2 level were employed to rationalize the observed enhanced chiroptical responses. The (chir)optical properties of the former helicene was further tuned by a protonation leading to remarkable red-shift with a considerable enhancement of the |gCPL | value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisei Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nakayama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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21
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Oki K, Takase M, Kobayashi N, Uno H. Synthesis and Characterization of Peralkylated Pyrrole-Fused Azacoronene. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5102-5109. [PMID: 33621082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene (HPHAC) with 12 less-bulky peripheral ethyl groups than its aryl-containing HPHAC counterpart was synthesized to investigate the innate character of HPHAC. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that HPHAC had a planar structure and close packing because of CH-π interactions between the alkyl groups and the HPHAC core. Compared to the previously reported HPHAC decorated with 12 peripheral aryl groups, this electron-rich π-system exhibited reversible multistep oxidations at low potentials and easily formed mono- and dicationic salts and charge-transfer (CT) complexes with 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane. These oxidized species exhibited clear changes in the bond-length alternation of the pyrrole units in the crystal state, indicating charge and spin delocalization. The distinct upfield shift of the central carbon signal of the dication in the 13C NMR spectrum affirms the global aromaticity from the viewpoint of a magnetic criterion. In the UV-vis/NIR spectra, broad absorption in the NIR region was observed only for HPHAC2+ and not the structurally similar cyclo[6]pyrrole. Magnetic circular dichroism measurements and time-dependent density functional theory calculations revealed that the broad absorption was assigned to the CT transition from the central benzene ring to the outer pyrrole rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Oki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
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22
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Qiu Z, Narita A, Müllen K. Spiers Memorial Lecture. Carbon nanostructures by macromolecular design - from branched polyphenylenes to nanographenes and graphene nanoribbons. Faraday Discuss 2021; 227:8-45. [PMID: 33290471 DOI: 10.1039/d0fd00023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Nanographenes (NGs) and graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are unique connectors between the domains of 1D-conjugated polymers and 2D-graphenes. They can be synthesized with high precision by oxidative flattening processes from dendritic or branched 3D-polyphenylene precursors. Their size, shape and edge type enable not only accurate control of classical (opto)electronic properties, but also access to unprecedented high-spin structures and exotic quantum states. NGs and GNRs serve as active components of devices such as field-effect transistors and as ideal objects for nanoscience. This field of research includes their synthesis after the deposition of suitable monomers on surfaces. An additional advantage of this novel concept is in situ monitoring of the reactions by scanning tunnelling microscopy and electronic characterization of the products by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijie Qiu
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, Mainz, Germany.
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23
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Synthesis of π-extended dibenzo[d,k]ullazines by a palladium-catalyzed double annulation using arynes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Song Y, Zhang G. Effect of Fusion Manner of Concave Molecules on the Properties of Resulting Nanoboats. Org Lett 2021; 23:491-496. [PMID: 33403857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c04008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A boat-shaped compound, which can be viewed as the fusion of two concave molecules with crossed quinacridone and indolocarbazole throughout, was synthesized and characterized. The investigation determined that the fusion manner of two concave molecules has little influence on the molecular curvature and aromaticity when compared with its congener containing crossed indolocarbazole throughout. The situation of carbonyl groups is critical in adjusting the electronic structure and physicochemical properties due to the fixed position of nitrogen atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Song
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Longpan Road 159, Nanjing 210037, P.R. China
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25
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Xu Q, Wang C, He J, Li X, Wang Y, Chen X, Sun D, Jiang H. Corannulene-based nanographene containing helical motifs. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and structural analyses of corannulene-PAH hybrids 1 with a [4] helicene subunit and 2 with a [7] helicene subunit have been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Chu Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Jing He
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shandong University
- Jinan 250100
- China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry
- Beijing Normal University
- Beijing 100875
- China
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26
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Liu J, Feng X. Maßgeschneiderte Synthese von Graphennanostrukturen mit Zickzack‐Rändern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong China
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), und Fakultät für Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie Technische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Deutschland
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27
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Liu J, Feng X. Synthetic Tailoring of Graphene Nanostructures with Zigzag-Edged Topologies: Progress and Perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23386-23401. [PMID: 32720441 PMCID: PMC7756885 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Experimental and theoretical investigations have revealed that the chemical and physical properties of graphene are crucially determined by their topological structures. Therefore, the atomically precise synthesis of graphene nanostructures is essential. A particular example is graphene nanostructures with zigzag-edged structures, which exhibit unique (opto)electronic and magnetic properties owing to their spin-polarized edge state. Recent progress in the development of synthetic methods and strategies as well as characterization methods has given access to this class of unprecedented graphene nanostructures, which used to be purely molecular objectives in theoretical chemistry. Thus, clear insight into the structure-property relationships has become possible as well as new applications in organic carbon-based electronic and spintronic devices. In this Minireview, we discuss the recent progress in the controlled synthesis of zigzag-edged graphene nanostructures with different topologies through a bottom-up synthetic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
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28
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Xu Q, Wang C, Zhao Y, Zheng D, Shao C, Guo W, Deng X, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhu J, Jiang H. Tuning the Properties of Corannulene-Based Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Varying the Fusing Positions of Corannulene. Org Lett 2020; 22:7397-7402. [PMID: 32902287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The selective fusions with pyrene derivative to the rim and flank bonds of corannulene generated 4 and 7, respectively, which underwent a Scholl reaction to provide novel distorted PAHs CORA-1 and CORA-2, consisting of corannulene and dibenzocoronene units with different connections between them. The studies revealed that the properties of these PAHs are highly dependent on the fusing positions of corannulene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zheng
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyuan Shao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Guo
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebin Deng
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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29
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Li QQ, Ochiai K, Lee CA, Ito S. Synthesis of π-Extended Imidazoles by 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Polycyclic Aromatic Azomethine Ylides with Nitriles. Org Lett 2020; 22:6132-6137. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang-Qiang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Kotaro Ochiai
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Cherie-Anne Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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30
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Nakamura K, Li QQ, Krejčí O, Foster AS, Sun K, Kawai S, Ito S. On-Surface Synthesis of a π-Extended Diaza[8]circulene. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11363-11369. [PMID: 32413264 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heterocyclic [8]circulenes are an important class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules because of their unique structural properties and promising applications. However, the synthesis of heterocyclic [8]circulenes is still limited and thus is an important synthetic challenge. Here we describe the first example of a π-extended diaza[8]circulene surrounded by and fused with six hexagons and two pentagons, which was successfully synthesized only by a combined in-solution and on-surface synthetic strategy. State-of-the-art scanning tunneling microscopy with a CO-functionalized tip and density functional theory calculations revealed its planar conformation and unique electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimihiro Nakamura
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Qiang-Qiang Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Ondřej Krejčí
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland
| | - Adam S Foster
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Aalto 00076, Finland.,WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Kewei Sun
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kawai
- Research Center for Advanced Measurement and Characterization, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371, Singapore
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31
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Riss A, Richter M, Paz AP, Wang XY, Raju R, He Y, Ducke J, Corral E, Wuttke M, Seufert K, Garnica M, Rubio A, V Barth J, Narita A, Müllen K, Berger R, Feng X, Palma CA, Auwärter W. Polycyclic aromatic chains on metals and insulating layers by repetitive [3+2] cycloadditions. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1490. [PMID: 32198456 PMCID: PMC7083871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15210-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The vast potential of organic materials for electronic, optoelectronic and spintronic devices entails substantial interest in the fabrication of π-conjugated systems with tailored functionality directly at insulating interfaces. On-surface fabrication of such materials on non-metal surfaces remains to be demonstrated with high yield and selectivity. Here we present the synthesis of polyaromatic chains on metallic substrates, insulating layers, and in the solid state. Scanning probe microscopy shows the formation of azaullazine repeating units on Au(111), Ag(111), and h-BN/Cu(111), stemming from intermolecular homo-coupling via cycloaddition reactions of CN-substituted polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylide (PAMY) intermediates followed by subsequent dehydrogenation. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry demonstrates that the reaction also takes place in the solid state in the absence of any catalyst. Such intermolecular cycloaddition reactions are promising methods for direct synthesis of regioregular polyaromatic polymers on arbitrary insulating surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Riss
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Marcus Richter
- Department for Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alejandro Pérez Paz
- School of Physical Sciences and Nanotechnology, Yachay Tech University, 100119, Urcuquí, Ecuador
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Xiao-Ye Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, 300071, Tianjin, China
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yuanqin He
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Jacob Ducke
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Eduardo Corral
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Michael Wuttke
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Knud Seufert
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Manuela Garnica
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Rubio
- Nano-Bio Spectroscopy Group and ETSF, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes V Barth
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Akimitsu Narita
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Organic and Carbon Nanomaterials Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigami, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Klaus Müllen
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Department for Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Department for Molecular Functional Materials, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Mommsenstr. 4, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carlos-Andres Palma
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany.
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China.
| | - Willi Auwärter
- Physics Department E20, Technical University of Munich, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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32
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Kawahara KP, Matsuoka W, Ito H, Itami K. Synthesis of Nitrogen-Containing Polyaromatics by Aza-Annulative π-Extension of Unfunctionalized Aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6383-6388. [PMID: 32011794 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201913394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds (N-PACs) are an important class of compounds in materials science. Reported here is a new aza-annulative π-extension (aza-APEX) reaction that allows rapid access to a range of N-PACs in 11-84 % yields from readily available unfunctionalized aromatics and imidoyl chlorides. In the presence of silver hexafluorophosphate, arenes and imidoyl chlorides couple in a regioselective fashion. The follow-up oxidative treatment with p-chloranil affords structurally diverse N-PACs, which are very difficult to synthesize. DFT calculations reveal that the aza-APEX reaction proceeds through the formal [4+2] cycloaddition of an arene and an in situ generated diarylnitrilium salt, with sequential aromatizations having relatively low activation energies. Transformation of N-PACs into nitrogen-doped nanographenes and their photophysical properties are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kou P Kawahara
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Wataru Matsuoka
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hideto Ito
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,JST-ERATO, Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
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33
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Kawahara KP, Matsuoka W, Ito H, Itami K. Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Containing Polyaromatics by Aza‐Annulative π‐Extension of Unfunctionalized Aromatics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201913394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kou P. Kawahara
- Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Wataru Matsuoka
- Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Hideto Ito
- Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- JST-ERATOItami Molecular Nanocarbon ProjectNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Kenichiro Itami
- Graduate School of ScienceNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- JST-ERATOItami Molecular Nanocarbon ProjectNagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM)Nagoya University Chikusa Nagoya 464-8601 Japan
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34
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Xie F, Finney NS. Synthesis and optical properties of mono- and diaminocorannulenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10525-10528. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03853a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple synthesis of aminocorannulenes leads to the discovery of surprising properties: tunable visible emission; solid-state fluorescence; water-soluble fluorescent corannulenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology
- Health Sciences Platform
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Nathaniel S. Finney
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology
- Health Sciences Platform
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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35
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Sartyoungkul S, Thaveesangsakulthai I, Cabello MKE, Kulsing C, Sakurai H. Application of cup-shaped trilactams for selective extraction of volatile compounds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Analyst 2020; 145:6668-6676. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01061h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chiral cup-shaped trilactams were used as liquid phase extraction material of volatile organic compounds in perfume analyzed by SPME GC-MS. (+)-material showed higher selective chiral recognition with oxygenated and cyclic volatile compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitanan Sartyoungkul
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
| | | | | | - Chadin Kulsing
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Chulalongkorn University
- Bangkok 10330
- Thailand
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Osaka University
- Suita 565-0871
- Japan
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36
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Guo X, Yuan Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Huang R, Xia Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Wang J. A Nitrogen‐Doped Hexapole [7]Helicene versus Its All‐Carbon Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ziyong Yuan
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yanpeng Zhu
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ruikang Huang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zeming Xia
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yang Li
- Instrumental Analysis and Research CenterSun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jiaobing Wang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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37
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Guo X, Yuan Z, Zhu Y, Li Z, Huang R, Xia Z, Zhang W, Li Y, Wang J. A Nitrogen‐Doped Hexapole [7]Helicene versus Its All‐Carbon Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16966-16972. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Guo
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ziyong Yuan
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yanpeng Zhu
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Ruikang Huang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zeming Xia
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Weixiong Zhang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yang Li
- Instrumental Analysis and Research CenterSun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Jiaobing Wang
- School of ChemistrySun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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38
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University
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39
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Taniguchi T, Itai Y, Nishii Y, Tohnai N, Miura M. Construction of Nitrogen-containing Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds by Intramolecular Oxidative C-H/C-H Coupling of Bis(9H-carbazol-9-yl)benzenes and Their Properties. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taisei Taniguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuhei Itai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Frontier Research Base for Global Young Researchers, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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40
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41
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Arikawa S, Shimizu A, Shintani R. Azoniadibenzo[
a
,
j
]phenalenide: A Polycyclic Zwitterion with Singlet Biradical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Arikawa
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimizu
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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42
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Arikawa S, Shimizu A, Shintani R. Azoniadibenzo[
a
,
j
]phenalenide: A Polycyclic Zwitterion with Singlet Biradical Character. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6415-6419. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Arikawa
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Akihiro Shimizu
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
| | - Ryo Shintani
- Division of ChemistryDepartment of Materials Engineering ScienceGraduate School of Engineering ScienceOsaka University, Toyonaka Osaka 560-8531 Japan
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43
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Richter M, Fu Y, Dmitrieva E, Weigand JJ, Popov A, Berger R, Liu J, Feng X. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Containing A Pyrrolopyridazine Core. Chempluschem 2019; 84:613-618. [PMID: 31944030 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides (PAMYs) are versatile building blocks for the bottom-up construction of unprecedented nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (N-PAHs). Here, we demonstrate the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition between PAMY and 1,4-diphenylbut-2-yne-1,4-dione and the subsequent condensation reaction with hydrazine, which led to unique N-PAHs with a phenyl-substituted pyrrolopyridazine core (PP-1 and PP-2). The molecular structures of pristine PP-1 and tert-butyl-substituted PP-2 were verified by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Moreover, the structure of PP-2 was unambiguously elucidated by X-ray single crystal analysis. The optoelectronic properties were investigated by solvent-dependent UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy as well as cyclic voltammetry. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that PP-1 and PP-2 exhibit push-pull behavior. Furthermore, in situ EPR/UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry allowed the detailed insight into the spectroscopic properties and spin distribution of radical cation species of PP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Richter
- Dresden University of Technology, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yubin Fu
- Dresden University of Technology, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Nanoscale Chemistry, Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Dresden University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Molecular Chemistry, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Nanoscale Chemistry, Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Dresden University of Technology, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Dresden University of Technology, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Dresden University of Technology, Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstraße 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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44
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Wong WS, Tse HW, Cheung E, Kuck D, Chow HF. Enantiopure Aromatic Saddles Bearing the Fenestrindane Core. J Org Chem 2019; 84:869-878. [PMID: 30550282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of enantiomerically pure, configurationally stable fenestrindane-based polyaromatic compounds with saddle-like structures is reported. Seven racemic fenestrane synthetic precursors were first screened by chiral HPLC for resolvability into enantiomers. Among the three resolvable precursors, a tribenzofenestrene derivative was resolved on a semipreparative scale, and the absolute configuration of the more slowly eluting enantiomer was established by X-ray crystallography. The enantiopure tribenzofenestrenes were then separately converted, in six steps, to the saddle-shaped fenestrindane derivatives in optically pure form. The two enantiomeric pairs of saddles were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. All new compounds reported herein represent the first enantiopure non-natural carbocyclic fenestranes isolated to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Shing Wong
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong
| | - Ho-Wing Tse
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong
| | - Enoch Cheung
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong
| | - Dietmar Kuck
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2) , Bielefeld University , 33615 Bielefeld , Germany
| | - Hak-Fun Chow
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Functional Materials , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , Hong Kong
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45
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Richter M, Hahn S, Dmitrieva E, Rominger F, Popov A, Bunz UHF, Feng X, Berger R. Helical Ullazine-Quinoxaline-Based Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemistry 2018; 25:1345-1352. [PMID: 30397968 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic azomethine ylides (PAMYs) are powerful building blocks in the bottom-up synthesis of internally nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (N-PAHs) through 1,3-cycloaddition reactions. In this work, the cycloaddition reaction of PAMYs to asymmetric ortho-quinones is presented, which, in contrast to the addition to symmetric para-quinones, facilitates subsequent condensation reactions and allows the synthesis of three helical N-PAHs with ullazine-quinoxaline (UQ-1-3) backbones. UQ-1 and UQ-2 possess two helical centers; however, single-crystal X-ray analysis together with the computational modeling of UQ-3 elucidate the formation of only the thermodynamically most stable geometry with four helical centers in a (P,P,M,M) configuration. For the series UQ-1-3, the number of redox steps is directly correlated with the number of ullazine or quinoxaline units incorporated into the targeted molecular backbones. A detailed investigation of the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of the radical cation and anion as well as the dication and dianion species by in situ EPR/UV/Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry is provided. The excellent optical and redox properties combined with helical geometries render them possibly applicable as chiral emitter or ambipolar charge transport material in organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Richter
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hahn
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Evgenia Dmitrieva
- Nanoscale Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexey Popov
- Nanoscale Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research, Center of Spectroelectrochemistry, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Uwe H F Bunz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Reinhard Berger
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Institute for Molecular Functional Materials, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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46
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Saha M, Bao YH, Zhou C. A Diindole-fused Corannulene Imide Derivative: Synthesis and Properties. CHEM LETT 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.180680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mithu Saha
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Hua Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Cen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
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47
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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48
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Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K. A Hybrid of Corannulene and Azacorannulene: Synthesis of a Highly Curved Nitrogen-Containing Buckybowl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:9818-9822. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201805678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering; The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
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49
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Bukovsky EV, DeWeerd NJ, Strauss SH, Boltalina OV. Versatile metal reactor for high-temperature and high-pressure trifluoromethylation of carbon-rich substrates. J Fluor Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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