1
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Muraoka T, Ishita T, Kawachi K, Nishio T, Ishihara H, Ueno K. Reactions of (mesityl) n(methyl) 2-nsilylene complexes with pyridine- N-oxide ( n = 1 and 0): formation of silanone complexes and a disiloxanyloxy complex. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7105-7114. [PMID: 38567984 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00631c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
Silanones (OSiR2), a heavier congener of ketones (R2CO), are highly reactive species that are readily converted to oligomeric siloxane (O-SiR2)n. Coordination of silanones to the transition-metal fragments to afford silanone-coordinated complexes is a reliable silanone stabilization method. Recently, our group reported the synthesis, structures, and reactivity of dimesityl-substituted silanone complexes Cp*(OC)2M{OSiMes2(L)}(SiMe3) (M = W, Mo, L: Lewis base, Cp*: η5-C5Me5, Mes: 2,4,6-Me3C6H2). Herein, to investigate the effect of substituents on the silicon atom during the formation of a silanone complex, we demonstrated the use of Mes and smaller Me groups. As a result, the formation of Mes(Me)-substituted silanone molybdenum complex Cp*(OC)2Mo{OSiMes(Me)(py)}(SiMe3) (5b, py: pyridine) was suggested, the silanone tungsten complex Cp*(OC)2W{OSiMes(Me)(DMAP)}(SiMe3) (4a, DMAP: 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine) was obtained, and a dimethyl-substituted disiloxanyloxy(dioxo) complex Cp*(O)2W(OSiMe2OSiMe3) (9) was formed. The reaction of 4a with PMe3 proceeded via the elimination of DMAP and migration of the SiMe3 group to the oxygen atom of the silanone ligand to afford Cp*(OC)2W(SiMes(Me)OSiMe3)(PMe3) (11a). The Mo complex Cp*(OC)2Mo(SiMes(Me)OSiMe3)(PMe3) (11b) was produced by the reaction of Cp*(OC)2Mo{SiMes(Me)}(SiMe3) (7b) with pyridine-N-oxide in the presence of PMe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takako Muraoka
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
- Division of Pure and Applied Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan
| | - Taichi Ishita
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Kosuke Kawachi
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Takuya Nishio
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Hiroto Ishihara
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Keiji Ueno
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu 376-8515, Japan.
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2
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Hädinger P, Müller MP, Hinz A. Synthesis and Reactivity of Base-Stabilized and Base-Free Silaimidoyl Bromides. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1997-2004. [PMID: 38207101 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The reactivity of the base-free bromosilylene dtbpCbzSiBr (dtbpCbz = 1,8-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)-3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazolyl) toward carbodiimides and azides was studied in order to generate base-stabilized and base-free silaimidoyl bromides, respectively. The steric bulk of carbodiimides and azides allows control over the reactivity. While with small substituents such as tert-butyl or adamantyl, the reactions cannot be stopped at the Si═N stage, with large substituents, they lead to C-H activation in the product. The Dipp substituent (Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) allowed the isolation of the silaimidoyl bromide dtbpCbzSi(Br)NDipp and its CNDipp-coordinated analogue. The reactivity of the Si═N double bond species was studied with respect to cycloaddition and donor exchange reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hädinger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maximilian P Müller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alexander Hinz
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Inorganic Chemistry (AOC), Engesserstr. 15, Gebäude 30.45, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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3
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Duan C, Cui C. Boryl-substituted low-valent heavy group 14 compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:361-379. [PMID: 38086648 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Low valent group 14 compounds exhibit diverse structures and reactivities. The employment of diazaborolyl anions (NHB anions), isoelectronic analogues to N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), in group 14 chemistry leads to the exceptional structures and reactivity. The unique combination of σ-electron donation and pronounced steric hindrance impart distinct structural characteristics to the NHB-substituted low valent group 14 compounds. Notably, the modulation of the HOMO-LUMO gap in these compounds with the diazaborolyl substituents results in novel reaction patterns in the activation of small molecules and inert chemical bonds. This review mainly summarizes the recent advances in NHB-substituted low-valent heavy Group 14 compounds, emphasizing their synthesis, structural characteristics and application to small molecule activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Chunming Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Frontiers Science Center of New Organic Matter, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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4
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Somerville RJ, Campos J. Cooperativity in Transition Metal Tetrylene Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021; 2021:3488-3498. [PMID: 34690540 PMCID: PMC8518731 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cooperative reactivity between transition metals and ligands, or between two metals, has created significant opportunities for the development of new transformations that would be difficult to carry out with a single metal. Here we explore cooperativity between transition metals and divalent heavier group 14 elements (tetrylenes), a less-explored facet of the field of cooperativity. Tetrylenes combine their strong σ-donor properties with an empty p-orbital that can accept electron density. This ambiphilicity has allowed them to form metal tetrylene and metallotetrylene complexes that place a reactive site adjacent to the metal. We have selected examples to demonstrate what has been achieved so far regarding cooperative reactivity, as this already spans metal-, tetrylene- or multi-site-centred bond cleavage, cycloaddition, migration, metathesis, and insertion. We also highlight some challenges that need to be overcome for this cooperativity to make it to catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie J. Somerville
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) andUniversity of SevillaAvenida Américo Vespucio 4941092SevillaSpain
| | - Jesús Campos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (IIQ)Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) andUniversity of SevillaAvenida Américo Vespucio 4941092SevillaSpain
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5
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Takahashi S, Ishii A, Nakata N. Formation of silaimines from a sterically demanding iminophosphonamido chlorosilylene via intramolecular N-P bond cleavage. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:6728-6731. [PMID: 34159981 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02812j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The sterically demanding iminophosphonamido chlorosilylene [Ph2P(DipN)2]SiCl (Dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) was synthesized and fully characterized using NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. Substitution reactions of [Ph2P(DipN)2]SiCl with N- and Fe-nucleophiles led to the unexpected formation of the corresponding silaimine derivatives. This process involves the ring-opening rearrangement of three-coordinated silylene intermediates that proceeds via intramolecular N-P bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Akihiko Ishii
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
| | - Norio Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
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6
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Fujimori S, Inoue S. Small Molecule Activation by Two-Coordinate Acyclic Silylenes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020; 2020:3131-3142. [PMID: 32999589 PMCID: PMC7507849 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the chemistry of stable silylenes (R2Si:) has evolved significantly. The first major development in this chemistry was the isolation of a silicocene which is stabilized by the Cp* (Cp* = η5-C5Me5) ligand in 1986 and subsequently the isolation of a first N-heterocyclic silylene (NHSi:) in 1994. Since the groundbreaking discoveries, a large number of isolable cyclic silylenes and higher coordinated silylenes, i.e. Si(II) compounds with coordination number greater than two, have been prepared and the properties investigated. However, the first isolable two-coordinate acyclic silylene was finally reported in 2012. The achievements in the synthesis of acyclic silylenes have allowed for the utilization of silylenes in small molecule activation including inert H2 activation, a process previously exclusive to transition metals. This minireview highlights the developments in silylene chemistry, specifically two-coordinate acyclic silylenes, including experimental and computational studies which investigate the extremely high reactivity of the acyclic silylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Fujimori
- Department of ChemistryWACKER‐Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
| | - Shigeyoshi Inoue
- Department of ChemistryWACKER‐Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research CenterTechnische Universität MünchenLichtenbergstraße 485748Garching bei MünchenGermany
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7
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Reiter D, Frisch P, Wendel D, Hörmann FM, Inoue S. Oxidation reactions of a versatile, two-coordinate, acyclic iminosiloxysilylene. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:7060-7068. [PMID: 32400807 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to their outstanding reactivity, acyclic silylenes have emerged as attractive organosilicon alternatives for transition metal complexes on the way to metal-free catalysis. However, exploration of their reactivity is still in its infancy, as only a few derivatives of this unique compound class have been isolated so far. Here, we present the results of an extensive reactivity investigation of the previously reported acyclic iminosiloxysilylene 1. Divalent silylene 1 proved to be a versatile building block for a plethora of novel organosilicon compounds. Thus, not only the activation of the rather challenging targets NH3 and P4 could be achieved, but also the conversion into a reactive donor-free silaimine, which itself turned out to be a useful reagent for small molecule activation. In addition, 1 served as an excellent precursor for gaining access to donor-stabilized heavier carbonyl compounds. Our results thus provide further insights into the chemistry of low-valent silicon at the interface between carbon and transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Reiter
- Department of Chemistry, WACKER-Institute of Silicon Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
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8
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Evans MJ, Anker MD, Mouchfiq A, Lein M, Fulton JR. The “Metallo”‐Diels–Alder Reactions: Examining the Metalloid Behavior of Germanimines. Chemistry 2020; 26:2606-2609. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Evans
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesVictoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600 Wellington 6012 New Zealand
| | - Mathew D. Anker
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesVictoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600 Wellington 6012 New Zealand
| | - Ahmed Mouchfiq
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesVictoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600 Wellington 6012 New Zealand
| | - Matthias Lein
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesVictoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600 Wellington 6012 New Zealand
| | - J. Robin Fulton
- School of Chemical and Physical SciencesVictoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600 Wellington 6012 New Zealand
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9
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Whited MT, Zhang J, Donnell TM, Eng VH, Peterson PO, Trenerry MJ, Janzen DE, Taylor BLH. Cooperative CO2 Scission by Anomalous Insertion into a Rh–Si Bond. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Whited
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Theodore M. Donnell
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Vanessa H. Eng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Portland, Portland, Oregon 97203, United States
| | - Paul O. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Michael J. Trenerry
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057, United States
| | - Daron E. Janzen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota 55105, United States
| | - Buck L. H. Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Portland, Portland, Oregon 97203, United States
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10
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Keuter J, Hepp A, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Lips F. Synthese einer NHC‐koordinierten Siliciumringverbindung mit Si=N‐Gruppe und einem zweifachkoordinierten Siliciumatom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Keuter
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterOrganisch-Chemisches Institut und Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation Corrensstraße 40 48149 Münster Deutschland
| | - Felicitas Lips
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität MünsterInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Corrensstraße 28–30 48149 Münster Deutschland
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11
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Ballestero‐Martínez E, Szilvási T, Hadlington TJ, Driess M. From
As
‐Zincoarsasilene (LZn‐As=SiL′) to Arsaethynolato (As≡C−O) and Arsaketenylido (O=C=As) Zinc Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201813521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Ballestero‐Martínez
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-Madison 1415 Engineering Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Terrance J. Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic MaterialsTechnische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2 10623 Berlin Germany
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12
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Ballestero-Martínez E, Szilvási T, Hadlington TJ, Driess M. From As-Zincoarsasilene (LZn-As=SiL') to Arsaethynolato (As≡C-O) and Arsaketenylido (O=C=As) Zinc Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3382-3386. [PMID: 30620428 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of the As-zincosilaarsene LZn-As=SiL' A (L=[CH(CMeNDipp)2 ]- , Dipp=2,6-i Pr2 C6 H3 , L'=[{C(H)N(2,6-i Pr2 -C6 H3 )}2 ]2- ) towards small molecules was investigated. Due to the pronounced zwitterionic character of the Si=As bond of A, it undergoes addition reactions with H2 O and NH3 , forming LZnAs(H)SiOH(L') 1 and LZnAs(H)SiNH2 (L') 2. Oxygenation of A with N2 O at -60 °C furnishes the deep blue 1,2-disiloxydiarsene, [LZnOSi(L')As]2 4, presumably via dimerization of the arsinidene intermediate LZnOSi(L')As 3. Oxygenation of A with CO2 leads to the monomeric arsaethynolato siloxido zinc complex LZnOSi(L')(OC≡As) 5, essentially trapping the intermediary arsinidene 3 with liberated CO following initial oxidation of the Si=As bond. DFT calculations confirm the ambident coordination mode of the anionic [AsCO] ligand in solution, with the O-arsaethynolato [As≡C-O].- in 5, and the As-arsaketenylido ligand mode [O=C=As]- present in LZnO-Si(L')(-As=C=O) 5' akin to the analogous phosphorus system, [PCO]- .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Ballestero-Martínez
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Terrance J Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry: Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Keuter J, Hepp A, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Lips F. Facile Access to an NHC-Coordinated Silicon Ring Compound with a Si=N Group and a Two-Coordinate Silicon Atom. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4395-4399. [PMID: 30604915 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of the bicyclo[1.1.0]tetrasilatetraamide Si4 {N(SiMe3 )Dipp}4 1 (Dipp=2,6-diisopropylphenyl) with 5 equiv of the N-heterocyclic carbene NHCMe4 (1,3,4,5-tetramethylimidazol-2-ylidene) affords a bifunctional carbene-coordinated four-membered-ring compound with a Si=N group and a two-coordinate silicon atom Si4 {N(SiMe3 )Dipp}2 (NHCMe4 )2 (NDipp) 2. When 2 reacts with 0.25 equiv sulfur (S8 ), two sulfur atoms add to the divalent silicon atom in plane and perpendicular to the plane of the Si4 ring, which confirms the silylone character of the two-coordinate silicon atom in 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Keuter
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Hepp
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Mück-Lichtenfeld
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Organisch-Chemisches Institut and Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation, Corrensstraße 40, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Felicitas Lips
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstraße 28-30, 48149, Münster, Germany
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14
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Hadlington TJ, Szilvási T, Driess M. Versatile Tautomerization of EH2-Substituted Silylenes (E = N, P, As) in the Coordination Sphere of Nickel. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:3304-3314. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terrance J. Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1415 Engineering Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry, Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, Sekr. C2, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Protchenko AV, Vasko P, Do DCH, Hicks J, Fuentes MÁ, Jones C, Aldridge S. Reduction of Carbon Oxides by an Acyclic Silylene: Reductive Coupling of CO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Protchenko
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Petra Vasko
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Dinh Cao Huan Do
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - M. Ángeles Fuentes
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of ChemistryMonash University PO Box 23 Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry LaboratoryDepartment of ChemistryUniversity of Oxford South Parks Road Oxford OX1 3QR UK
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16
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Protchenko AV, Vasko P, Do DCH, Hicks J, Fuentes MÁ, Jones C, Aldridge S. Reduction of Carbon Oxides by an Acyclic Silylene: Reductive Coupling of CO. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:1808-1812. [PMID: 30537262 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Reactions of a boryl-substituted acyclic silylene with carbon dioxide and monoxide are reported. The former proceeds through oxygen atom abstraction, generating CO (with rearrangement of the putative silanone product through silyl-group transfer). The latter is characterized by reductive coupling of CO to give an ethynediolate fragment, which undergoes formal insertion into the Si-B bond. The net conversion of carbon dioxide with two equivalents of silylene offers a route for the three-electron reduction of CO2 to [C2 O2 ]2- .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V Protchenko
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Petra Vasko
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Dinh Cao Huan Do
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Jamie Hicks
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - M Ángeles Fuentes
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
| | - Cameron Jones
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, UK
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17
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Liu Y, Solari E, Scopelliti R, Fadaei Tirani F, Severin K. Lewis Acid-Mediated One-Electron Reduction of Nitrous Oxide. Chemistry 2018; 24:18809-18815. [PMID: 30426605 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The one-electron reduction of nitrous oxide (N2 O) was achieved using strong Lewis acids E(C6 F5 )3 (E=B or Al) in combination with metallocenes. In the case of B(C6 F5 )3 , electron transfer to N2 O required a powerful reducing agent such as Cp*2 Co (Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl). In the presence of Al(C6 F5 )3 , on the other hand, the reactions could be performed with weaker reducing agents such as Cp*2 Fe or Cp2 Fe (Cp=cyclopentadienyl). The Lewis acid-mediated electron transfer from the metallocene to N2 O resulted in cleavage of the N-O bond, generating N2 and the oxyl radical anion [OE(C6 F5 )3 ]⋅- . The latter is highly reactive and engages in C-H activation reactions. It was possible to trap the radical by addition of the Gomberg dimer, which acts as a source of the trityl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhu Liu
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Euro Solari
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kay Severin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Yildiz CB. Oxidation of hydro-silaimine, phosphasilene, and arsasilene structures (CH3)HSi E(CH3) (E: N, P, or As) via concerted 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of nitrous oxide: A DFT study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Hadlington TJ, Szilvási T, Driess M. Metal nitrene-like reactivity of a SiN bond towards CO2. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:9352-9355. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05238g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The unusual reactivity of the SiN bond in metallo-iminosilane [DippN = Si(OSiMe3)Ni(Cl)(NHC)2]1towards CO2and cyclohexyl isocyanate (CyNCO) is reported;1reacts with two molar equiv. of CO2to give the [2+2+2] cycloaddition product3with complete scission of the σ- and π-Si–N bonds, akin to transition-metal nitrene complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance J. Hadlington
- Department of Chemistry
- Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials
- Techniche Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Tibor Szilvási
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering
- University of Wisconsin—Madison
- Madison
- USA
| | - Matthias Driess
- Department of Chemistry
- Metalorganics and Inorganic Materials
- Techniche Universität Berlin
- 10623 Berlin
- Germany
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Yildiz CB. Reactivity of silagermenylidene toward nitrous oxide: a preliminary DFT study. J Mol Model 2017; 24:18. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3554-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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