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Prebihalo EA, Johnson M, Reineke TM. Bio-Based Thiol-ene Network Thermosets from Isosorbide and Terpenes. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:586-591. [PMID: 38666714 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Thermoset networks are chemically cross-linked materials that exhibit high heat resistance and mechanical strength; however, the permanently cross-linked system makes end-of-life degradation difficult. Thermosets that are inherently degradable and made from renewably derived starting materials are an underexplored area in sustainable polymer chemistry. Here, we report the synthesis of novel sugar- and terpene-based monomers as the enes in thiol-ene network formation. The resulting networks showed varied mechanical properties depending on the thiol used during cross-linking, ranging from strain-at-breaks of 12 to 200%. Networks with carveol or an isosorbide-based thiol incorporated showed plastic deformation under tensile stress testing, while geraniol-containing networks demonstrated linear stress-strain behavior. The storage modulus at the rubbery plateau was highly dependent on the thiol cross-linker, showing an order of magnitude difference between commercial PETMP, DTT, and synthesized Iso2MC. Thermal degradation temperatures were low for the networks, primarily below 200 °C, and the Tg values ranged from -17 to 31 °C. Networks were rapidly degraded under basic conditions, showing complete degradation after 2 days for nearly all synthesized thermosets. This library demonstrates the range of thermal and mechanical properties that can be targeted using monomers from sugars and terpenes and expands the field of renewably derived and degradable thermoset network materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A Prebihalo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Melody Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, 1231 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, North Dakota 58102, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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2
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Kleybolte MM, Winnacker M. From Forest to Future: Synthesis of Sustainable High Molecular Weight Polyamides Using and Investigating the AROP of β-Pinene Lactam. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300524. [PMID: 37903330 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyamides (PA) are among the most essential and versatile polymers due to their outstanding characteristics, for example, high chemical resistance and temperature stability. Furthermore, nature-derived monomers can introduce hard-to-synthesize structures into the PAs for unique polymer properties. Pinene, as one of the most abundant terpenes in nature and its presumable stability-giving bicyclic structure, is therefore highly promising. This work presents simple anionic ring-opening polymerizations of β-pinene lactam (AROP) in-bulk and in solution. PAs with high molecular weights, suitable for further processing, are produced. Their good mechanical, thermal (Td s up to 440 °C), and transparent appearance render them promising high-performance biomaterials. In the following, the suitability of different initiators is discussed. Thereby, it is found that NaH is the most successful for in-bulk polymerization, with a degree of polymerization (DP) of about 322. For solution-AROP, iPrMgCl·LiCl is successfully used for the first time, achieving DPs up to about 163. The obtained PAs are also hot-pressed, and the dynamic mechanical properties are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Kleybolte
- Wacker-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
- Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
| | - Malte Winnacker
- Wacker-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technical University Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
- Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technical University Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, Garching bei München, 85748, Deutschland
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3
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Valentini F, Cerza E, Campana F, Marrocchi A, Vaccaro L. Efficient synthesis and investigation of waste-derived adsorbent for water purification. Exploring the impact of surface functionalization on methylene blue dye removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 390:129847. [PMID: 37838020 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
In pursuit of sustainable water management, the preparation of adsorbent materials via waste upcycling for water purification practices plays a decisive role. The sulphonated biochar, PiNe-SO3H, employed to target the methylene blue dye adsorption, was successfully synthesized via a mild, step-economical chemical carbonization-functionalization reaction. The presence of SO3H groups on the PiNe-SO3H surface played a critical role in significantly enhancing the adsorption capacity. The observed MB dye uptake was predominantly attributed to chemisorption processes as evidenced by the results from kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherms. To further confirm the role of -SO3H in the adsorption mechanism, a comparison was made with other PiNe materials lacking sulphonic groups, highlighting the superior adsorption capacity of PiNe-SO3H. Additionally, a fast and efficient regeneration process was proposed to develop a truly waste minimized protocol, enabling the recovery of up to 94 % of the ethanolic mixture used during this step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Valentini
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C. - Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisa Cerza
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C. - Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo Campana
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C. - Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Assunta Marrocchi
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C. - Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Vaccaro
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C. - Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy.
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4
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Scheelje FCM, Meier MAR. Non-isocyanate polyurethanes synthesized from terpenes using thiourea organocatalysis and thiol-ene-chemistry. Commun Chem 2023; 6:239. [PMID: 37925584 PMCID: PMC10625552 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The depletion of fossil resources as well as environmental concerns contribute to an increasing focus on finding more sustainable approaches for the synthesis of polymeric materials. In this work, a synthesis route towards non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) using renewable starting materials is presented. Based on the terpenes limonene and carvone as renewable resources, five-membered cyclic carbonates are synthesized and ring-opened with allylamine, using thiourea compounds as benign and efficient organocatalysts. Thus, five renewable AA monomers are obtained, bearing one or two urethane units. Taking advantage of the terminal double bonds of these AA monomers, step-growth thiol-ene polymerization is performed using different dithiols, to yield NIPUs with molecular weights of above 10 kDa under mild conditions. Variation of the dithiol and amine leads to polymers with different properties, with Mn of up to 31 kDa and Tg's ranging from 1 to 29 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieda Clara M Scheelje
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Straße am Forum 7, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems - Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
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5
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Rahimi K, Zalaghi M, Shehnizad EG, Salari G, Baghdezfoli F, Ebrahimifar A. The effects of alpha-pinene on inflammatory responses and oxidative stress in the formalin test. Brain Res Bull 2023; 203:110774. [PMID: 37793595 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-pinene (α- pinene), an essential oil that falls under the category of monoterpenes, has various advantages. This research delves into the potential benefits of α-pinene in alleviating nociception caused by the formalin test and the molecular mechanisms involved. Alpha-pinene (1, 5, or 10 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was administrated for 7 days before the formalin test. Observations of nociceptive behaviors were made during the formalin test. We examined the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as the expression of COX-1 in the spinal cord. Additionally, we evaluated the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, SOD, GSH, CAT, and MDA in the skin of the hind paw that received a formalin injection. The peripheral injection of formalin triggered nociceptive behaviors, which was notably diminished by α-pinene 5 or 10 mg/kg. The biochemical evaluation revealed that α-pinene significantly moderated the evaluation in TNF-α and IL-1β in the spinal cord induced by formalin injection. Additionally, it was found that α-pinene had a decreasing effect on the expression of COX-1 protein in the spinal cord. Also, α-pinene 5 or 10 mg/kg caused a decrease of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA and an increase of SOD, GSH, and CAT at the formalin injection site. The study discovered that doses of 5 or 10 mg/ml of α-pinene can effectively relieve nociceptive response in the formalin test. Alpha-pinene pretreatment reduced the presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It also improved the oxidative stress condition by enhancing antioxidant factors and reducing oxidant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Rahimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Zalaghi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elahe Ggazi Shehnizad
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Salari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Baghdezfoli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ebrahimifar
- Medicine School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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6
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Chemical Evaluation, Phytotoxic Potential, and In Silico Study of Essential Oils from Leaves of Guatteria schomburgkiana Mart. and Xylopia frutescens Aubl. (Annonaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062633. [PMID: 36985605 PMCID: PMC10059729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The essential oils (EOs) of Guatteria schomburgkiana (Gsch) and Xylopia frutescens (Xfru) (Annonaceae) were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their chemical composition was evaluated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Herbicide activity was measured by analyzing the seed germination percentage and root and hypocotyl elongation of two invasive species: Mimosa pudica and Senna obtusifolia. The highest yield was obtained for the EO of Xfru (1.06%). The chemical composition of Gsch was characterized by the presence of the oxygenated sesquiterpenes spathulenol (22.40%) and caryophyllene oxide (14.70%). Regarding the EO of Xfru, the hydrocarbon monoterpenes α-pinene (35.73%) and β-pinene (18.90%) were the components identified with the highest concentrations. The germination of seeds of S. obtusifolia (13.33 ± 5.77%) showed higher resistance than that of seeds of M. pudica (86.67 ± 5.77%). S. obtusifolia was also more sensitive to the EO of Xfru in terms of radicle (55.22 ± 2.72%) and hypocotyl (71.12 ± 3.80%) elongation, while M. pudica showed greater sensitivity to the EO of Gsch. To screen the herbicidal activity, the molecular docking study of the major and potent compounds was performed against 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) protein. Results showed good binding affinities and attributed the strongest inhibitory activity to δ-cadinene for the target protein. This work contributes to the study of the herbicidal properties of the EOs of species of Annonaceae from the Amazon region.
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Verebélyi K, Szabó Á, Réti Z, Szarka G, Villányi Á, Iván B. Highly Efficient Cationic Polymerization of β-Pinene, a Bio-Based, Renewable Olefin, with TiCl4 Catalyst from Cryogenic to Energy-Saving Room Temperature Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065170. [PMID: 36982242 PMCID: PMC10048798 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymers based on renewable monomers are projected to have a significant role in the sustainable economy, even in the near future. Undoubtedly, the cationically polymerizable β-pinene, available in considerable quantities, is one of the most promising bio-based monomers for such purposes. In the course of our systematic investigations related to the catalytic activity of TiCl4 on the cationic polymerization of this natural olefin, it was found that the 2-chloro-2,4,4-trimethylpentane (TMPCl)/TiCl4/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) initiating system induced efficient polymerization in dichloromethane (DCM)/hexane (Hx) mixture at both −78 °C and room temperature. At −78 °C, 100% monomer conversion was observed within 40 min, resulting in poly(β-pinene) with relatively high Mn (5500 g/mol). The molecular weight distributions (MWD) were uniformly shifted towards higher molecular weights (MW) in these polymerizations as long as monomer was present in the reaction mixture. However, chain–chain coupling took place after reaching 100% conversion, i.e., under monomer-starved conditions, resulting in considerable molecular weight increase and MWD broadening at −78 °C. At room temperature, the polymerization rate was lower, but chain coupling did not occur. The addition of a second feed of monomer in the polymerization system led to increasing conversion and polymers with higher MWs at both temperatures. 1H NMR spectra of the formed polymers indicated high in-chain double-bond contents. To overcome the polarity decrease by raising the temperature, polymerizations were also carried out in pure DCM at room temperature and at −20 °C. In both cases, rapid polymerization occurred with nearly quantitative yields, leading to poly(β-pinene)s with Mns in the range of 2000 g/mol. Strikingly, polymerization by TiCl4 alone, i.e., without any additive, also occurred with near complete conversion at room temperature within a few minutes, attributed to initiation by adventitious protic impurities. These results convincingly prove that highly efficient carbocationic polymerization of the renewable β-pinene can be accomplished with TiCl4 as catalyst under both cryogenic conditions, applied widely for carbocationic polymerizations, and the environmentally benign, energy-saving room temperature, i.e., without any additive and cooling or heating. These findings enable TiCl4-catalyzed eco-friendly manufacturing of poly(β-pinene)s, which can be utilized in various applications, and in addition, subsequent derivatizations could result in a range of high-added-value products.
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8
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Kulkarni A, Quintens G, Pitet LM. Trends in Polyester Upcycling for Diversifying a Problematic Waste Stream. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Kulkarni
- Advanced Functional Polymers (AFP) Laboratory, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Greg Quintens
- Advanced Functional Polymers (AFP) Laboratory, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Louis M. Pitet
- Advanced Functional Polymers (AFP) Laboratory, Institute for Materials Research (imo-imomec), Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
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Zhou T, Meng XB, Du FS, Li ZC. Fully Bio-based Poly(ketal-ester)s by Ring-opening Polymerization of a Bicylcic Lactone from Glycerol and Levulinic Acid. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201238. [PMID: 36756897 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
A fully renewable bio-based bicyclic lactone containing a five-membered cyclic ketal moiety, 7-methyl-3,8,10-trioxabicyclo[5.2.1]decan-4-one (TOD), was synthesized through a two-step acid-catalyzed process from glycerol and levulinic acid. The ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of TOD at 30°C with benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator and 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD) as the catalyst can afford high molar mass PTOD with a cis-2.4-disubstitued 2-methyl 1,3-dioxolane moiety in its repeating unit. PTOD is an amorphous polymer with a glass transition temperature (Tg ) of 13°C. It can be hydrolyzed into structurally defined small molecules under acidic or basic conditions by the selective cleavage of either the cyclic ketal or the ester linkage respectively. The TBD-catalyzed copolymerization of L-lactide (L-LA) and TOD at -20°C was investigated. It was confirmed that L-LA polymerized quickly with racemization to form PLA, followed by a slow incorporation of TOD into the formed PLA chains via transesterification. By varying the feed ratios of L-LA to TOD, a series of random copolymers (PLA-co-PTOD) with different TOD incorporation ratios and tunable Tg s were obtained. Under acidic conditions, PLA-co-PTOD degrades much faster than PLA via the selective cleavage of the cyclic ketal linkages. This work provides insights for the development of more sustainable and acid-accelerated degradable alternatives to aliphatic polyesters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xian-Bin Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
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10
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Rodrigues PR, Wang X, Li Z, Lyu J, Wang W, Vieira RP. A new nano hyperbranched β-pinene polymer: Controlled synthesis and nonviral gene delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113032. [PMID: 36463608 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recently, an extensive research effort has been directed toward the improvement of nonviral transfection vectors, such as polymeric materials. The macromolecular structure of polymers has a substantial effect on their transfection efficacy. In this context, the modern advances in polymer production techniques, such as the deactivation-enhanced radical atom transfer polymerization (DE-ATRP), have been fundamental for the synthesis of controlled architecture nanomaterials. In this study, hyperbranched poly(β-pinene)-PDMAEMA-PEGDMA nanometric copolymers were synthesised at high conversion via DE-ATRP using different concentrations of β-pinene for gene delivery applications. The structural characterization and the biological performance of the materials were investigated. The copolymers' molar mass (10,434-16,438 mol l-1), dispersity, and conversion (90-95%) varied significantly with β-pinene proportion on the polymerizations. The polymer-gene complexes generated (280-110 nm) presented excellent solution stability due to the β-pinene segment on the copolymers. Gene delivery and transfection were highly dependent on the copolymer composition. The copolymers containing the highest β-pinene proportions exhibited the best results with high transfection effectivity. In conclusion, the incorporation of β-pinene in DMAEMA-PEGMA copolymer formulations is a renewable option to improve the materials' branching ratio, polyplex stability, and gene delivery performance without causing cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plínio R Rodrigues
- Department of Bioprocesses and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein St. N. 500, 13083-852 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Xianqing Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Zishan Li
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jing Lyu
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Wenxin Wang
- Charles Institute of Dermatology, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Roniérik P Vieira
- Department of Bioprocesses and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Albert Einstein St. N. 500, 13083-852 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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11
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Qin KX, Li SS, Xu J, Li ZL, Li ZC, Cheng C. Citronella-based polyesters by organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization and their recyclable crosslinked films. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Karimkhani MM, Nasrollahzadeh M, Maham M, Jamshidi A, Kharazmi MS, Dehnad D, Jafari SM. Extraction and purification of α-pinene; a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:4286-4311. [PMID: 36384372 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2140331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extensive use of α-pinene in cosmetics, and medicine, especially for its antioxidant/antibacterial, and anti-cancer properties, and also as a flavoring agent, has made it a versatile product. α-Pinene (one of the two pinene isomers) is the most abundant terpene in nature. When extracting α-pinene from plants and, to a lesser extent, fruits, given that its purity is essential, purification methods should also be used as described in this study. Also, an attempt has been made to describe the extraction techniques of α-pinene, carried out by conventional and novel methods. Some disadvantages of conventional methods (such as hydrodistillation or solvent extraction) are being time consuming, low capacity per batch and being labor intensive and the requirement of trained operators. Most novel methods, such as supercritical fluid extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, can reduce the extraction time, cost, and energy compared to conventional methods, and, in fact, the extraction and preservation efficiency of α-pinene in these methods is higher than conventional methods. Although the above-mentioned extraction methods are effective, they still require rather long extraction times. In fact, advanced methods such as green and solvent-free ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction are much more efficient than microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction because the extraction efficiency and separation of α-pinene in these methods are higher; furthermore, no solvent consumption and maximum extraction efficiency are some crucial advantages of these techniques. However, the application of some novel methods, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, in industry scale is still problematic because of their intricate design data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Karimkhani
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Mehdi Maham
- Department of Chemistry, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran
| | - Abdollah Jamshidi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Aquaculture, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Danial Dehnad
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Maquilón C, Brandolese A, Alter C, Hövelmann CH, Della Monica F, Kleij AW. Renewable Beta-Elemene Based Cyclic Carbonates for the Preparation of Oligo(hydroxyurethane)s. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201123. [PMID: 35757910 PMCID: PMC9541927 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of β-elemene into new β-elemene dicarbonates through epoxidation and halide salt-catalyzed CO2 cycloaddition reactions is reported. Step-growth polyaddition of this dicarbonate to five different, commercial diamines was investigated under neat conditions at 150 °C yielding non-isocyanate-based low molecular weight oligo(hydroxyurethane)s with 1.3≤Mn ≤6.3 kDa and 1.3≤Ð≤2.1, and with glass transition temperatures ranging from -59 to 84 °C. The preparation of one selected polyhydroxyurethane material, obtained in the presence of Jeffamine® D-2010 was scaled-up to 43 g. The latter, when combined in a formulation using Irgacure® 2100 and Laromer® LR 9000 allowed the preparation of coatings that were analyzed with several techniques showing the potential of these biobased oligourethanes towards the preparation of commercially relevant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Maquilón
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Arianna Brandolese
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | | | | | - Francesco Della Monica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Current affiliation: Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Scienze della VitaUniversità degli Studi dell'InsubriaVia J. H. Dunant 321100VareseItaly
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST)Av. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)Pg. Lluis Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain
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14
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Sahu P, Oh JS. Biobased Elastomer from Renewable Biomass β-Farnesene: Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pranabesh Sahu
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, RIGET, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Seok Oh
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, RIGET, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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15
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Dworakowska S, Lorandi F, Gorczyński A, Matyjaszewski K. Toward Green Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: Current Status and Future Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2106076. [PMID: 35175001 PMCID: PMC9259732 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202106076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) have revolutionized synthetic polymer chemistry. Nowadays, RDRPs facilitate design and preparation of materials with controlled architecture, composition, and functionality. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has evolved beyond traditional polymer field, enabling synthesis of organic-inorganic hybrids, bioconjugates, advanced polymers for electronics, energy, and environmentally relevant polymeric materials for broad applications in various fields. This review focuses on the relation between ATRP technology and the 12 principles of green chemistry, which are paramount guidelines in sustainable research and implementation. The green features of ATRP are presented, discussing the environmental and/or health issues and the challenges that remain to be overcome. Key discoveries and recent developments in green ATRP are highlighted, while providing a perspective for future opportunities in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Dworakowska
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyCracow University of TechnologyWarszawska 24Cracow31‐155Poland
| | - Francesca Lorandi
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Department of Industrial EngineeringUniversity of Padovavia Marzolo 9Padova35131Italy
| | - Adam Gorczyński
- Department of ChemistryCarnegie Mellon University4400 Fifth AvenuePittsburghPA15213USA
- Faculty of ChemistryAdam Mickiewicz UniversityUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8Poznań61‐614Poland
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16
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You F, Kang X, Nishiura M, Zhai J, Xu S, Wang J, Shi X, Hou Z. Living 3,4-Isoselective (Co)polymerization of Biobased β-Farnesene Catalyzed by Phosphine-Functionalized Fluorenyl Rare-Earth Metal Catalysts. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fen You
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Materials Building, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaohui Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Masayoshi Nishiura
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Jingjing Zhai
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Materials Building, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Suting Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Materials Building, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jixing Wang
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Materials Building, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaochao Shi
- Department of Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Materials Building, Nanchen Street 333, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- Advanced Catalysis Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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17
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Potentiation of the Activity of Antibiotics against ATCC and MDR Bacterial Strains with (+)-α-Pinene and (-)-Borneol. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8217380. [PMID: 35663042 PMCID: PMC9159878 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8217380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The increasing rates of antimicrobial resistance have demanded the development of new drugs as conventional antibiotics have become significantly less effective. Evidence has identified a variety of phytocompounds with the potential to be used in the combat of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Considering the verification that terpenes are promising antibacterial compounds, the present research aimed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiotic-modulating activity of (+)-α-pinene and (-)-borneol against MDR bacterial strains. The broth microdilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the compounds and antibiotics and further evaluate the intrinsic and associated antibiotic activity. These analyses revealed that (+)-α-pinene showed significant antibacterial activity only against E. coli (MIC = 512 μg.mL−1), while no significant inhibition of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa growth was observed (MIC ≥ 1024 μg mL−1). However, when combined with antibiotics, this compound induced a significant improvement in the activity of conventional antibiotics, as observed for ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and gentamicin against Staphylococcus aureus, as well as for amikacin and gentamicin against Escherichia coli, and amikacin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. On the other hand, (-)-borneol was found to inhibit the growth of E. coli and enhance the antibiotic activity of ciprofloxacin and gentamicin against S. aureus. The present findings indicate that (+)-α-pinene and (-)-borneol are phytocompounds with the potential to be used in the combat of antibacterial resistance.
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18
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Constant E, King O, Weems AC. Bioderived 4D Printable Terpene Photopolymers from Limonene and β-Myrcene. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2342-2352. [PMID: 35608477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Green manufacturing and reducing our cultural dependency on petrochemicals have been topics of growing interest in the past decade, particularly for three-dimensional (3D) printable photopolymers where often toxic solvents and reagents have been required. Here, a simple solvent-free, free-radical polymerization is utilized to homo- and copolymerize limonene and β-myrcene monomers to produce oligomeric photopolymers (Mn < 11 kDa) displaying Newtonian, low viscosities (∼10 Pa × s) suitable for thiol-ene photo-cross-linking, yielding photoset materials in a digital light processing (DLP)-type 3D printer. The resulting photosets display tunable thermomechanical properties (poly(limonene) displays elastic moduli exceeding 1 GPa) compared with previous works focusing on monomeric terpenes as well as four-dimensional (4D) shape memory behavior. The utility of such photopolymers for biomedical applications is briefly considered on the premise of the hydrophilic nature (measured by contact angle) as well as their cytocompatibility upon seeding films with macrophages. These terpene-derived, green 4D photopolymers are shown to have promising physical behaviors suitable for an array of manufacturing and 3D printing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Constant
- Biomedical Engineering, Russ College of Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Olivia King
- Molecular and Chemical Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Andrew C Weems
- Biomedical Engineering, Russ College of Engineering, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States.,Molecular and Chemical Biology, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Translational Biosciences, Orthopedic and Musculoskeletal Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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19
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Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Li S, Cui D. Coordination Polymerization of Renewable (E)‐4,
8‐Dimethyl
‐1,3,
7‐Nonatriene
by
Rare‐Earth
Metal Catalysts. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026 China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026 China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026 China
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20
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Cywar RM, Rorrer NA, Mayes HB, Maurya AK, Tassone CJ, Beckham GT, Chen EYX. Redesigned Hybrid Nylons with Optical Clarity and Chemical Recyclability. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:5366-5376. [PMID: 35290039 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c12611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic polyamides, or nylons, are typically highly crystalline and thermally robust polymers used in high-performance applications. Nylon 6, a high-ceiling-temperature (HCT) polyamide from ε-caprolactam, lacks expedient chemical recyclability, while low-ceiling temperature (LCT) nylon 4 from pyrrolidone exhibits complete chemical recyclability, but it is thermally unstable and not melt-processable. Here, we introduce a hybrid nylon, nylon 4/6, based on a bicyclic lactam composed of both HCT ε-caprolactam and LCT pyrrolidone motifs in a hybridized offspring structure. Hybrid nylon 4/6 overcomes trade-offs in (de)polymerizability and performance properties of the parent nylons, exhibiting both excellent polymerization and facile depolymerization characteristics. This stereoregular polyamide forms nanocrystalline domains, allowing optical clarity and high thermal stability, however, without displaying a melting transition before decomposition. Of a series of statistical copolymers comprising nylon 4/6 and nylon 4, a 50/50 copolymer achieves the greatest synergy in both reactivity and polymer properties of each homopolymer, offering an amorphous nylon with favorable properties, including optical clarity, a high glass transition temperature, melt processability, and full chemical recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Cywar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States.,Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Nicholas A Rorrer
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Heather B Mayes
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Anjani K Maurya
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christopher J Tassone
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Gregg T Beckham
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States.,Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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21
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Scholten PBV, Figueirêdo MB. Back to the Future with Biorefineries: Bottom‐Up and Top‐Down Approaches toward Polymers and Monomers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philip B. V. Scholten
- Bloom Biorenewables Route de l'Ancienne Papeterie 106 Case postal 146 Marly 1723 Switzerland
| | - Monique B. Figueirêdo
- Bloom Biorenewables Route de l'Ancienne Papeterie 106 Case postal 146 Marly 1723 Switzerland
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22
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Vidil T, Llevot A. Fully Biobased Vitrimers: Future Direction Towards Sustainable Cross‐Linked Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vidil
- University of Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey‐Berland Pessac cedex F‐33607 France
| | - Audrey Llevot
- University of Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques UMR 5629, ENSCBP, 16 avenue Pey‐Berland Pessac cedex F‐33607 France
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23
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Kränzlein M, Pongratz S, Bruckmoser J, Bratić B, Breitsameter JM, Rieger B. Polyester synthesis based on 3-carene as renewable feedstock. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00409g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Utilizing renewable feedstocks for the synthesis of biobased and preferrable biodegradable polyesters as substitute for fossile-based polymers remains one of the major challenges towards a sustainable polymer economy. One such...
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24
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Mani V, Park S, Kim JA, Lee SI, Lee K. Metabolic Perturbation and Synthetic Biology Strategies for Plant Terpenoid Production-An Updated Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2179. [PMID: 34685985 PMCID: PMC8539415 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Terpenoids represent one of the high-value groups of specialized metabolites with vast structural diversity. They exhibit versatile human benefits and have been successfully exploited in several sectors of day-to-day life applications, including cosmetics, foods, and pharmaceuticals. Historically, the potential use of terpenoids is challenging, and highly hampered by their bioavailability in their natural sources. Significant progress has been made in recent years to overcome such challenges by advancing the heterologous production platforms of hosts and metabolic engineering technologies. Herein, we summarize the latest developments associated with analytical platforms, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology, with a focus on two terpenoid classes: monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids. Accumulated data showed that subcellular localization of both the precursor pool and the introduced enzymes were the crucial factors for increasing the production of targeted terpenoids in plants. We believe this timely review provides a glimpse of current state-of-the-art techniques/methodologies related to terpenoid engineering that would facilitate further improvements in terpenoids research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kijong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (V.M.); (S.P.); (J.A.K.); (S.I.L.)
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25
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Lamparelli DH, Winnacker M, Capacchione C. Stereoregular Polymerization of Acyclic Terpenes. Chempluschem 2021; 87:e202100366. [PMID: 34674387 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The growing environmental pollution and the expected depleting of fossil resources have sparked interest in recent years for polymers obtained from monomers originating from renewable sources. Furthermore, nature can provide a variety of building blocks with special structural features (e. g. side groups or stereo-elements) that cannot be obtained so easily via fossil-based pathways. In this context, terpenes are widespread natural compounds coming from non-food crops, present in a large variety of structures, and ready to use as monomers with or without further modifications. The present review aims to provide an overview of how chemists can stereospecifically polymerize terpenes, particularly the acyclic ones like myrcene, ocimene, and farnesene, using different metal catalyst systems in coordination-insertion polymerization. Attention is also paid to their copolymers, which have recently been disclosed, and to the possible applications of these bio-based materials in various industrial sectors such as in the field of elastomers. © 2021 The Authors. ChemPlusChem published by Wiley-VCH GmbH. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hermann Lamparelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
| | - Malte Winnacker
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching bei München, Germany.,Catalysis Research Center (CRC)', Technische Universität München, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Carmine Capacchione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "Adolfo Zambelli", Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084, Fisciano, Italy
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26
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Kim MH, Lee SM, An KW, Lee MJ, Park DH. Usage of Natural Volatile Organic Compounds as Biological Modulators of Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179421. [PMID: 34502333 PMCID: PMC8430758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a wide variety of natural volatile organic compounds (NVOCs), many of which are unique to each species. These compounds serve many purposes, such as fending off herbivores and adapting to changes in temperature and water supply. Interestingly, although NVOCs are synthesized to deter herbivores, many of these compounds have been found to possess several therapeutic qualities, such as promoting nerve stability, enhancing sleep, and suppressing hyperresponsiveness, in addition to acting as antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents. Therefore, many NVOCs are promising drug candidates for disease treatment and prevention. Given their volatile nature, these compounds can be administered to patients through inhalation, which is often more comfortable and convenient than other administration routes. However, the development of NVOC-based drug candidates requires a careful evaluation of the molecular mechanisms that drive their therapeutic properties to avoid potential adverse effects. Furthermore, even compounds that appear generally safe might have toxic effects depending on their dose, and therefore their toxicological assessment is also critical. In order to enhance the usage of NVOCs this short review focuses not only on the biological activities and therapeutic mode of action of representative NVOCs but also their toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
| | - Seung-Min Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Ki-Wan An
- Department of Forest Resources, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea;
| | - Min-Jae Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (D.-H.P.)
| | - Dae-Hun Park
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju 58245, Korea;
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (D.-H.P.)
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27
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Weston-Green K, Clunas H, Jimenez Naranjo C. A Review of the Potential Use of Pinene and Linalool as Terpene-Based Medicines for Brain Health: Discovering Novel Therapeutics in the Flavours and Fragrances of Cannabis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:583211. [PMID: 34512404 PMCID: PMC8426550 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.583211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
"Medicinal cannabis" is defined as the use of cannabis-based products for the treatment of an illness. Investigations of cannabis compounds in psychiatric and neurological illnesses primarily focus on the major cannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), which are hypothesised to benefit multiple illnesses manifesting cognitive impairment, neurodegeneration and neuro-inflammation, as well as chronic pain, epilepsy and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively. The cannabis plant contains >500 compounds, including terpenes responsible for the flavour and fragrance profiles of plants. Recently, research has begun providing evidence on the potential use of certain plant-derived terpenes in modern medicine, demonstrating anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects of these compounds. This review examined the effects of two key terpenes, pinene and linalool, on parameters relevant to neurological and psychiatric disorders, highlighting gaps in the literature and recommendations for future research into terpene therapeutics. Overall, evidence is mostly limited to preclinical studies and well-designed clinical trials are lacking. Nevertheless, existing data suggests that pinene and linalool are relevant candidates for further investigation as novel medicines for illnesses, including stroke, ischemia, inflammatory and neuropathic pain (including migraine), cognitive impairment (relevant to Alzheimer's disease and ageing), insomnia, anxiety, and depression. Linalool and pinene influence multiple neurotransmitter, inflammatory and neurotrophic signals as well as behaviour, demonstrating psycho-activity (albeit non-intoxicating). Optimising the phytochemical profile of cannabis chemovars to yield therapeutic levels of beneficial terpenes and cannabinoids, such as linalool, pinene and CBD, could present a unique opportunity to discover novel medicines to treat psychiatric and neurological illnesses; however, further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Weston-Green
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Clunas
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Carlos Jimenez Naranjo
- Neurohorizons Laboratory, Molecular Horizons and School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Cannabinoid Clinical and Research Excellence (ACRE), New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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28
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Zhong H, Deng J. Preparation and Chiral Applications of Optically Active Polyamides. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100341. [PMID: 34347330 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is omnipresent in nature and plays vital roles in living organism, and has become a hot research topic across multidisciplinary fields including chemistry, biology, physics, and material science. Meanwhile, polyamides constitute an important class of polymers and have received significant attention owing to their outstanding properties and wide-ranging applications in many areas. Judiciously introducing chirality into polyamides will undoubtedly obtain attractive chiral polymers, namely, optically active polyamides. This review describes the preparation methods of chiral polyamides, including solution polycondensation, interfacial polycondensation, ring-open polymerization, and others; the newly emerging categories of chiral polyamides, i.e., helical polyamides, chiral polyamide-imides, are also presented. The applications of optically active polyamides in chiral research fields including asymmetric catalysis, membrane separation, and enantioselective crystallization are also summarized. In addition, current challenges in chiral polyamides are further presented and future perspectives in the field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jianping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
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29
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Wahlen C, Frey H. Anionic Polymerization of Terpene Monomers: New Options for Bio-Based Thermoplastic Elastomers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wahlen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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30
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Yarolimek MR, Bookbinder HR, Coia BM, Kennemur JG. Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of δ-Pinene: Well-Defined Polyolefins from Pine Sap. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:760-766. [PMID: 35549097 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Well-controlled ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of δ-pinene is reported. The monomer is produced through a facile, metal-free, three-step synthesis from highly abundant and sustainable α-pinene. Using Grubbs third-generation catalyst, δ-pinene undergoes ROMP to high conversion (>95%) with molar mass up to 70 kg mol-1 and narrow dispersity (<1.2). A highly regioregular propagation mechanism was concluded by NMR spectroscopic analysis that revealed a head-to-tail (HT, >95%) microstructure and high trans content (>98%). Successful ROMP is corroborated with density functional theory calculations on δ-pinene's ring strain energy (∼35 kJ mol-1). Poly(δ-pinene) has a high glass transition temperature (∼104 °C) and a unique chiral microstructure bearing gem-dimethylcyclobutane rings. Controlled ROMP also allowed the synthesis of block copolymers containing segments of poly(δ-pinene) and polynorbornene which are discussed. Finally, bulk polymerization of δ-pinene is possible, indicating a greener approach to these materials, albeit with some loss of control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Yarolimek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Heather R. Bookbinder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Brianna M. Coia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4390, United States
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31
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Weng Z, Song L, Qi Y, Li J, Cao Q, Liu C, Zhang S, Wang J, Jian X. Natural magnolol derivatives as platform chemicals for bio-based phthalonitrile thermoset: Achieving high performances without an external curing agent. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.123814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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32
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Terpene polyacrylate TPA5 shows favorable molecular hydrodynamic properties as a potential bioinspired archaeological wood consolidant. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7343. [PMID: 33795726 PMCID: PMC8016987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86543-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently a pressing need for the development of novel bioinspired consolidants for waterlogged, archaeological wood. Bioinspired materials possess many advantages, such as biocompatibility and sustainability, which makes them ideal to use in this capacity. Based on this, a polyhydroxylated monomer was synthesised from α-pinene, a sustainable terpene feedstock derived from pine trees, and used to prepare a low molar mass polymer TPA5 through free radical polymerisation. This polymer was extensively characterised by NMR spectroscopy (chemical composition) and molecular hydrodynamics, primarily using analytical ultracentrifugation reinforced by gel filtration chromatography and viscometry, in order to investigate whether it would be suitable for wood consolidation purposes. Sedimentation equilibrium indicated a weight average molar mass Mw of (4.3 ± 0.2) kDa, with minimal concentration dependence. Further analysis with MULTISIG revealed a broad distribution of molar masses and this heterogeneity was further confirmed by sedimentation velocity. Conformation analyses with the Perrin P and viscosity increment ν universal hydrodynamic parameters indicated that the polymer had an elongated shape, with both factors giving consistent results and a consensus axial ratio of ~ 4.5. These collective properties-hydrogen bonding potential enhanced by an elongated shape, together with a small injectable molar mass-suggest this polymer is worthy of further consideration as a potential consolidant.
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33
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Lamparelli DH, Kleybolte MM, Winnacker M, Capacchione C. Sustainable Myrcene-Based Elastomers via a Convenient Anionic Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:838. [PMID: 33803378 PMCID: PMC7967150 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble heterocomplexes consisting of sodium hydride in combination with trialkylaluminum derivatives have been used as anionic initiating systems at 100 °C in toluene for convenient homo-, co- and ter-polymerization of myrcene with styrene and isoprene. In this way it has been possible to obtain elastomeric materials in a wide range of compositions with interesting thermal profiles and different polymeric architectures by simply modulating the alimentation feed and the (monomers)/(initiator systems) ratio. Especially, a complete study of the myrcene-styrene copolymers (PMS) was carried out, highlighting their tapered microstructures with high molecular weights (up to 159.8 KDa) and a single glass transition temperature. For PMS copolymer reactivity ratios, rmyr = 0.12 ± 0.003 and rsty = 3.18 ± 0.65 and rmyr = 0.10 ± 0.004 and rsty = 3.32 ± 0.68 were determined according to the Kelen-Tudos (KT) and extended Kelen-Tudos (exKT) methods, respectively. Finally, this study showed an easy accessible approach for the production of various elastomers by anionic copolymerization of renewable terpenes, such as myrcene, with commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hermann Lamparelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “Adolfo Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Giovanni Paolo II Str., 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Magdalena Maria Kleybolte
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4 Str., 85747 Garching bei München, Germany;
| | - Malte Winnacker
- WACKER-Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4 Str., 85747 Garching bei München, Germany;
- Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Carmine Capacchione
- Department of Chemistry and Biology “Adolfo Zambelli”, University of Salerno, Giovanni Paolo II Str., 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
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34
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Moser BR, Jackson MA, Doll KM. Production of Industrially Useful and Renewable
p‐
Cymene by Catalytic Dehydration and Isomerization of Perillyl Alcohol. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bryan R. Moser
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Bio‐Oils Research Unit 1815 N. University Street, Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Michael A. Jackson
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Renewable Products Technology Research Unit 1815 N. University Street, Peoria IL 61604 USA
| | - Kenneth M. Doll
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Bio‐Oils Research Unit 1815 N. University Street, Peoria IL 61604 USA
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35
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Paradiso V, Capaccio V, Lamparelli DH, Capacchione C. [OSSO]-bisphenolate metal complexes: A powerful and versatile tool in polymerization catalysis. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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36
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Palenzuela M, Sánchez-Roa D, Damián J, Sessini V, Mosquera ME. Polymerization of terpenes and terpenoids using metal catalysts. ADVANCES IN ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.adomc.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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37
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Yarolimek MR, Coia BM, Bookbinder HR, Kennemur JG. Investigating the effect of α-pinene on the ROMP of δ-pinene. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00931a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Ring opening metathesis polymerization of δ-pinene with varying amounts of α-pinene is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R. Yarolimek
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Brianna M. Coia
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Heather R. Bookbinder
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
| | - Justin G. Kennemur
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4390, USA
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38
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Gopi S, Ramsay BA, Ramsay JA, Kontopoulou M. Preparation, Characterization and Processing of PCL/PHO Blends by 3D Bioplotting. INT POLYM PROC 2020. [DOI: 10.3139/217.3971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Gopi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - B. A. Ramsay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J. A. Ramsay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M. Kontopoulou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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39
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Wahlen C, Blankenburg J, von Tiedemann P, Ewald J, Sajkiewicz P, Müller AHE, Floudas G, Frey H. Tapered Multiblock Copolymers Based on Farnesene and Styrene: Impact of Biobased Polydiene Architectures on Material Properties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wahlen
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Blankenburg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp von Tiedemann
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Johannes Ewald
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Paweł Sajkiewicz
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Adolfa Pawińskiego 5b, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Axel H. E. Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55125 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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40
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Montanari U, Taresco V, Liguori A, Gualandi C, Howdle SM. Synthesis of novel carvone (meth)acrylate monomers for the production of hydrophilic polymers with high terpene content. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulisse Montanari
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
| | - Anna Liguori
- Department of Chemistry ‘Giacomo Ciamician’ and INSTM UdR of Bologna University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Department of Chemistry ‘Giacomo Ciamician’ and INSTM UdR of Bologna University of Bologna Bologna Italy
- Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI‐MAM University of Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Steven M Howdle
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham, University Park Nottingham UK
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41
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Scholten PBV, Moatsou D, Detrembleur C, Meier MAR. Progress Toward Sustainable Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000266. [PMID: 32686239 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The recent focus of media and governments on renewability, green chemistry, and circular economy has led to a surge in the synthesis of renewable monomers and polymers. In this review, focussing on renewable monomers for reversible deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRP), it is highlighted that for the majority of the monomers and polymers reported, the claim to renewability is not always accurate. By closely examining the sustainability of synthetic routes and the renewability of starting materials, fully renewable monomers are identified and discussed in terms of sustainability, polymerization behavior, and properties obtained after polymerization. The holistic discussion considering the overall preparation process of polymers, that is, monomer syntheses, origin of starting materials, solvents used, the type of RDRP technique utilized, and the purification method, allows to highlight certain topics which need to be addressed in order to progress toward not only (partially) renewable, but sustainable monomers and polymers using RDRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip B V Scholten
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules, CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege, 4000, Belgium.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Straße am Forum 7, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Dafni Moatsou
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Straße am Forum 7, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules, CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - Michael A R Meier
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Materialwissenschaftliches Zentrum MZE, Straße am Forum 7, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany.,Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
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42
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Winnacker M, Lamparelli DH, Capacchione C, Güngör HH, Stieglitz L, Rodewald KS, Schmidt M, Gronauer TF. Sustainable Polyesteramides and Copolyamides: Insights into the Copolymerization Behavior of Terpene‐Based Lactams. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Winnacker
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer‐Straße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - David H. Lamparelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”Universitá degli Studi di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II Fisciano SA 132 I‐84084 Italy
| | - Carmine Capacchione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”Universitá degli Studi di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II Fisciano SA 132 I‐84084 Italy
| | - Hicran H. Güngör
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer‐Straße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Lucas Stieglitz
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer‐Straße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Katia S. Rodewald
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer‐Straße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of MunichLichtenbergstraße 4, Garching bei München and Catalysis Research Center (CRC) Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer‐Straße 1 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
| | - Thomas F. Gronauer
- Chair of Organic Chemistry IITechnische Universität München Lichtenbergstraße 4 Garching bei München 85748 Germany
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43
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Madbouly SA, Kessler MR. Preparation of Nanoscale Semi-IPNs with an Interconnected Microporous Structure via Cationic Polymerization of Bio-Based Tung Oil in a Homogeneous Solution of Poly(ε-caprolactone). ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:9977-9984. [PMID: 32391485 PMCID: PMC7203953 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale semi-interpenetrating polymer networks of bio-based poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) and polymerized tung oil have been prepared via in situ cationic polymerization and compatibilization in a homogeneous solution. This novel blending technique produced a nanoscale morphology of poly(ε-caprolactone) with average particle sizes as small as 100 nm dispersed in a cross-linked tung oil matrix for 20 and 30 wt % PCL blend compositions. In addition, the exothermic cationic polymerization of tung oil in the presence of the PCL homogeneous solution created a microporous morphology with open three-dimensional interconnected cluster structures. The porous morphology was found to be composition-dependent (the pore size and interconnectivity decreased with increasing PCL content in the blend). The values of the cross-link density and storage modulus in the glassy state for fully cured samples increased significantly and reached a maximum for the 20 wt % PCL blend. This simple, versatile, low-cost strategy for preparing nanoscale and interconnected three-dimensional cluster structures with a microporous morphology and desired properties should be widely applicable for new polymer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A. Madbouly
- School
of Engineering, Penn State Behrend, Erie, Pennsylvania16563, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Orman, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Michael R. Kessler
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, North Dakota
State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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44
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Fried AD, Brantley JN. Controlled Polymerization of β-Pinadiene: Accessing Unusual Polymer Architectures with Biomass-Derived Monomers. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:595-599. [PMID: 35648492 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biomass-derived polymers are emerging as critically needed alternatives to their petrochemical counterparts. Terpenes, which are among the most abundant natural products, represent particularly fertile chemical space for monomer development (given their inherent structural complexity). Here, we present the living vinyl-addition polymerization of β-pinadiene (the cumulated congener of β-pinene) at room temperature. Employing [(π-allyl)NiOCOCF3]2 as a catalyst afforded the desired polymers with good control over molecular weight and dispersity. Interestingly, the bicyclic pinane core was retained in the isolated materials (which starkly contrasts prototypical pinene polymerizations). Moreover, the reported materials exhibited impressive thermal stability (Td = 294 °C) and high glass transition temperatures (Tg = 160 °C). As the polymerization of terpene-derived cumulenes can afford scaffolds that defy current synthetic logic, we anticipate our work will unlock additional avenues for sustainable polymer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D. Fried
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1416 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Johnathan N. Brantley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1416 Circle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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45
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Lamparelli DH, Paradiso V, Monica FD, Proto A, Guerra S, Giannini L, Capacchione C. Toward More Sustainable Elastomers: Stereoselective Copolymerization of Linear Terpenes with Butadiene. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Hermann Lamparelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli″, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Veronica Paradiso
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli″, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Francesco Della Monica
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli″, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Antonio Proto
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli″, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Silvia Guerra
- Pirelli Tyre S.p.A., Viale Piero e Alberto Pirelli, 25-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Giannini
- Pirelli Tyre S.p.A., Viale Piero e Alberto Pirelli, 25-20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Carmine Capacchione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “Adolfo Zambelli″, Università degli Studi di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
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46
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Sarmento Fernandes L, Mandelli D, Carvalho WA, Fischmeister C, Bruneau C. Functionalization of (-)-β-pinene and (-)-limonene via cross metathesis with symmetrical internal olefins. CATAL COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2019.105893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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47
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Abstract
The use of renewable terpene-based monomers for the preparation of sustainable functional polymers is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Della Monica
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- The Barcelona Institute for Science & Technology (BIST)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - Arjan W. Kleij
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)
- The Barcelona Institute for Science & Technology (BIST)
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- Catalan Institute for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
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48
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Guo Z, Yan N, Lapkin AA. Towards circular economy: integration of bio-waste into chemical supply chain. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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49
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Salehi B, Upadhyay S, Erdogan Orhan I, Kumar Jugran A, L.D. Jayaweera S, A. Dias D, Sharopov F, Taheri Y, Martins N, Baghalpour N, C. Cho W, Sharifi-Rad J. Therapeutic Potential of α- and β-Pinene: A Miracle Gift of Nature. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E738. [PMID: 31739596 PMCID: PMC6920849 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
α- and β-pinene are well-known representatives of the monoterpenes group, and are found in many plants' essential oils. A wide range of pharmacological activities have been reported, including antibiotic resistance modulation, anticoagulant, antitumor, antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-Leishmania, and analgesic effects. This article aims to summarize the most prominent effects of α- and β-pinene, namely their cytogenetic, gastroprotective, anxiolytic, cytoprotective, anticonvulsant, and neuroprotective effects, as well as their effects against H2O2-stimulated oxidative stress, pancreatitis, stress-stimulated hyperthermia, and pulpal pain. Finally, we will also discuss the bioavailability, administration, as well as their biological activity and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran;
| | - Shashi Upadhyay
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora-263643, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Ilkay Erdogan Orhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arun Kumar Jugran
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional Centre, Srinagar-246174, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sumali L.D. Jayaweera
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia (D.A.D.)
| | - Daniel A. Dias
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Laboratory Medicine, RMIT University, P.O. Box 71, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia (D.A.D.)
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, 734003 Dushanbe, Tajikistan;
| | - Yasaman Taheri
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (Y.T.); (N.B.)
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Navid Baghalpour
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran; (Y.T.); (N.B.)
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran
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50
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Winnacker M. Polyhydroxyalkanoates: Recent Advances in Their Synthesis and Applications. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Winnacker
- WACKER‐Chair of Macromolecular ChemistryTechnical University of Munich Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching bei München Germany
- Catalysis Research Center Ernst‐Otto‐Fischer Straße 1 85748 Garching bei München Germany
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