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Yin Y, Lai X, Ma Q, Ma H, Zhu W, Lee JY, Wang Y. HLCT-Type Acceptor Molecule-Based Exciplex System for Highly Efficient Solution-Processable OLEDs with Suppressed Efficiency Roll-Offs. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2313656. [PMID: 38315898 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Exciplex systems are promising candidates for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecules because of the small energy difference between the lowest singlet and triplet excited states (ΔEST). However, realizing high-efficiency and low-external-quantum-efficiency (EQE) roll-off in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) using an exciplex system remains a formidable challenge. In this study, two (HLCT)-type isomers with a spiro skeleton, 2-tBuspoCz-TRZ and 10-tBuspoCz-TRZ, are designed and synthesized as acceptors of exciplexes, where tert-butylspirofluorene indole is regarded as a donor and the triazine unit as an acceptor. Green exciplex emissions are observed for the 2-tBuspoCz-TRZ:TAPC and 10-tBuspoCz-TRZ:TAPC exciplexes, indicating distinct TADF characteristics with a very small ΔEST of 35 ± 5 meV. By using the TADF exciplex system based on the HLCT acceptor as an emitter, solution-processable OLEDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 20.8%. Furthermore, a high EQEmax > 25% with a very low-efficiency roll-off (≈3.5% at 1000 cd m-2) is obtained for solution-processable phosphorescent devices using HLCT-based exciplexes as the host matrix of phosphors. This study paves the way for a novel strategy for designing acceptor exciplex molecules for effective TADF molecules and host matrices in solution-processable OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Yin
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Lai
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Qian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Huili Ma
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Weiguo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yeob Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
- SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon, 16419, South Korea
| | - Yafei Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Light-Electricity-Heat Energy-Converting Materials and Applications, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, P. R. China
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2
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Hayakawa M, Kameda M, Kawasumi R, Nakatsuka S, Yasuda N, Hatakeyama T. Spiroborate-Based Host Materials with High Triplet Energies and Ambipolar Charge-Transport Properties. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217512. [PMID: 36718823 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) receive considerable attention because of their commercial use in flat panel displays. Herein, highly efficient spiroborate-based host materials are reported for use in blue OLEDs. Our designed spiroborates (SBOX) were simple to synthesize and exhibited high triplet excitation energies, narrow S-T gaps, and balanced charge carrier mobilities. A blue OLED containing one of the designed spiroborates, SBON, as a host exhibited a high external quantum efficiency (27.6 %) and low turn-on voltage (3.7 V) compared to those observed using 3,3'-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl (17.6 % and 4.5 V, respectively), indicating their potential as host materials in OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Hayakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Mayu Kameda
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kawasumi
- SK JNC Japan Co., Ltd., 5-1 Goi Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-8551, Japan
| | - Soichiro Nakatsuka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yasuda
- Center for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen Uegahara, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1330, Japan
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3
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Zhang K, Meng X, He L. Cationic Zinc(II) Complexes with Carbazole-Type Counter-Anions: Intracomplex Donor/Acceptor Pairs Affording Exciplexes with Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:2135-2145. [PMID: 36691390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c03804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two cationic zinc(II) complexes with carbazole-type counter-anions, namely, [Zn(tpy)2]2+[CAZ-p-BF3-]2 (Zn-p) and [Zn(tpy)2]2+[CAZ-o-BF3-]2 (Zn-o), have been designed and synthesized, where tpy is 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, CAZ-p-BF3- is 4-((9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)trifluoroborate, and CAZ-o-BF3- is (2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)trifluoroborate. The complex cation [Zn(tpy)2]2+ (as the acceptor) and the carbazole-type counter-anion CAZ-p-BF3- or CAZ-o-BF3- (as the donor) form an intracomplex donor/acceptor pair. Single-crystal structures reveal that compared to Zn-p, Zn-o exhibits a stronger π-π stacking interaction between the carbazole group (as the donor unit) of the counter-anion and the tpy ligand (as the acceptor unit) of [Zn(tpy)2]2+ because of the different anchoring position of the BF3- anion in the counter-anion. In a doped film, Zn-p and Zn-o afford an isolated exciplex formed between the carbazole group and the tpy ligand within the single complex, which gives green-yellow emission with a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) feature. In crystalline states, Zn-p and Zn-o afford exciplexes with blue emission centered at 468 nm and green-blue emission centered at 508 nm, respectively. The Zn-p crystalline sample shows a relatively large singlet-triplet energy gap (ΔEST) (0.33 eV) and no TADF, whereas the Zn-o crystalline sample exhibits a small ΔEST (0.06 eV) and distinct TADF, with a reverse intersystem crossing rate at 3.3 × 105 s-1. Zn-p and Zn-o both exhibit intriguing mechanochromic luminescence, with largely red-shifted (by over 70 nm) emission and modulated TADF properties upon mechanically grinding the crystalline samples. The work demonstrates that donor/acceptor pairs affording exciplexes can be formed within cationic metal complexes using counter-anions with donor nature, which opens a new avenue toward photo-active metal complexes with rich photophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
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4
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Kannan R, Chandrasekhar V. Four-membered C^N chelation in main-group organometallic chemistry. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1159-1176. [PMID: 36602433 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03494h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Main-group organometallic compounds containing four-membered C^N chelating rings are being studied because of the interest in harnessing the enhanced reactivity of such compounds which arises as a result of the release of steric strain. In this article, we have reviewed the literature on these systems. This review is organised in terms of the types of ligand systems that allow the assembly of such compounds, viz., compounds containing aliphatic amine motifs, pyridine motifs and aniline motifs. In addition to a discussion on the synthesis and structure, we also examine the reactivity and applications of the main-group element compounds involved. In particular, applications involving H2 activation, carbonyl activation, olefin reduction, C-H activation, hydroalumination, cyanamide oligomerisation, borylation of olefins and heteroarenes, isocyanate activation and C-C bond activation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Kannan
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - Vadapalli Chandrasekhar
- Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Hyderabad, Gopanpally, Hyderabad-500 046, Telangana, India. .,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Ru C, Chen P, Wu X, Chen C, Zhang J, Zhao H, Wu J, Pan X. Enhanced Built-in Electric Field Promotes Photocatalytic Hydrogen Performance of Polymers Derived from the Introduction of B←N Coordination Bond. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204055. [PMID: 36285682 PMCID: PMC9762295 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
High concentrations of active carriers on the surface of a semiconductor through energy/electron transfer are the core process in the photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. However, it remains a challenge to significantly improve photocatalytic performance by modifying simple molecular modulation. Herein, a new strategy is proposed to enhance the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance using boron and nitrogen elements to construct B←N coordination bonds. Experimental results show that polynaphthopyridine borane (PNBN) possessing B←N coordination bonds shows a hydrogen evolution rate of 217.4 µmol h-1 , which is significantly higher than that of the comparison materials 0 µmol h-1 for polyphenylnaphthalene (PNCC) and 0.66 µmol h-1 for polypyridylnaphthalene (PNNC), mainly attributed to the formation of a strong built-in electric field that promotes the separation of photo-generated electrons/holes. This work opens up new prospects for the design of highly efficient polymeric photocatalysts at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
| | - Peiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
| | - Changjuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical EngineeringHuanghuai UniversityNo.76 Kaiyuan AvenueZhumadianHenan463000P. R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
- School of Physics and Electronic InformationYantai University30 Qingquan RoadYantaiShandong264005China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University)Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityNo. 222 South Tianshui RoadLanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
- Northwest Institute of Eco‐Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesDonggang West Road 320LanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesDonggang West Road 320LanzhouGansu730000P. R. China
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6
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Wu G, Yang Z, Xu X, Hao L, Chen L, Wang Y, Ji Y. Metal-Free Boron-Mediated ortho-C-H Hydroxylation of N-Benzyl-3,4,5-tribromopyrazoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:3570-3575. [PMID: 35512319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel route has been reported for C-H hydroxylation of benzyl compounds directed by a 3,4,5-tribromopyrazole auxiliary via boronation/oxidation using BBr3 and NaBO3·4H2O. The strategy exhibits outstanding site selectivity and affords the corresponding phenols in moderate to excellent yields under metal-free conditions. Besides, this protocol can be achieved in one pot, which is highly promising as a practical method for use in a multistep organic synthetic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaorong Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Zhaoziyuan Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaobo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Liqiang Hao
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Lu Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yafei Ji
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
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7
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Murali AC, Nayak P, Venkatasubbaiah K. Recent advances in the synthesis of luminescent tetra-coordinated boron compounds. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:5751-5771. [PMID: 35343524 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00160h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tetra-coordinated boron compounds offer a plethora of luminescent materials. Different chelation around the boron center (O,O-, N,C-, N,O-, and N,N-) has been explored to tune the electronic and photophysical properties of tetra-coordinated boron compounds. A number of fascinating molecules with interesting properties such as aggregation induced emission, mechanochromism and tunable emission by changing the solvent polarity were realised. Owing to their rich and unique properties, some of the molecules have shown applications in making optoelectronic devices, probes and so on. This perspective provides an overview of the recent developments of tetra-coordinated boron compounds and their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Chandrasekar Murali
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Prakash Nayak
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, India.
| | - Krishnan Venkatasubbaiah
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), an OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar-752050, Odisha, India.
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8
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Jiang K, Wang Y, Lin C, Zheng L, Du J, Zhuang Y, Xie R, Li Z, Lin H. Enabling robust and hour-level organic long persistent luminescence from carbon dots by covalent fixation. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2022; 11:80. [PMID: 35351847 PMCID: PMC8964705 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-022-00767-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The first carbon dot (CD)-based organic long persistent luminescence (OLPL) system exhibiting more than 1 h of duration was developed. In contrast to the established OLPL systems, herein, the reported CDs-based system (named m-CDs@CA) can be facilely and effectively fabricated using a household microwave oven, and more impressively, its LPL can be observed under ambient conditions and even in aqueous media. XRD and TEM characterizations, afterglow decay, time-resolved spectroscopy, and ESR analysis were performed, showing the successful composition of CDs and CA, the formation of exciplexes and long-lived charged-separated states. Further studies suggest that the production of covalent bonds between CA and CDs plays pivotal roles in activating LPL and preventing its quenching from oxygen and water. To the best of our knowledge, this is a very rare example of an OLPL system that exhibits hour-level afterglow under ambient conditions. Finally, applications of m-CDs@CA in glow-in-the-dark paints for emergency signs and multicolored luminous pearls were preliminarily demonstrated. This work may provide new insights for the development of rare-earth-free and robust OLPL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Jiang
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.
| | - Yuci Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cunjian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, and College of Materials, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Licheng Zheng
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Jiaren Du
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China
| | - Yixi Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, and College of Materials, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Rongjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Genome, and College of Materials, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hengwei Lin
- International Joint Research Center for Photo-responsive Molecules and Materials, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, China.
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9
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Zhang JJ, Ma J, Liu F, Cui LS, Fu Y, Yang L, Popov AA, Weigand JJ, Liu J, Feng X. Large Acene Derivatives with B-N Lewis Pair Doping: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application. Org Lett 2022; 24:1877-1882. [PMID: 35244403 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we report the synthesis of a novel class of B-N Lewis pair (LPB/N)-doped large acene derivatives (1a-1d) from the well-designed phenanthridine-based precursors. The resultant LPB/N-doped benzo-tetracene (1a), dibenzo-heptacene (1b), dibenzo-octacene (1c), and V-shaped tribenzo-nonacene (1d) are thoroughly characterized by X-ray crystallography, cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopies together with DFT calculations. As a proof of concept, a 1a-based organic light-emitting diode device is fabricated to demonstrate the promising application in organic optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Jiang Zhang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ji Ma
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Fupin Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lin-Song Cui
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026 Anhui China
| | - Yubin Fu
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Lin Yang
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexey A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research (IFW) Dresden, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jan J Weigand
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Rokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Mommsenstrasse 4, 01062 Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Weinberg 2, Halle, 06120, Germany
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10
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Meng G, Liu L, He Z, Hall D, Wang X, Peng T, Yin X, Chen P, Beljonne D, Olivier Y, Zysman-Colman E, Wang N, Wang S. Multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters based on tetracoordinate boron-containing PAHs: colour tuning based on the nature of chelates. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1665-1674. [PMID: 35282615 PMCID: PMC8827120 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05692a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-resonant thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials have attracted considerable attention recently. The molecular design frequently incorporates cycloboration. However, to the best of our knowledge MR-TADF compounds containing nitrogen chelated to boron are still unknown. Reported herein is a new class of tetracoordinate boron-containing MR-TADF emitters bearing C^N^C- and N^N^N-chelating ligands. We demonstrate that the replacement of the B–C covalent bond in the C^N^C-chelating ligand by the B–N covalent bond affords an isomer, which dramatically influences the optoelectronic properties of the molecule. The resulting N^N^N-chelating compounds show bathochromically shifted absorption and emission spectra relative to C^N^C-chelating compounds. The incorporation of a tert-butylcarbazole group at the 4-position of the pyridine significantly enhances both the thermal stability and the reverse intersystem crossing rate, yet has a negligible effect on emission properties. Consequently, high-performance hyperfluorescent organic light-emitting diodes (HF-OLEDs) that utilize these molecules as green and yellow-green emitters show a maximum external quantum efficiency (ηext) of 11.5% and 25.1%, and a suppressed efficiency roll-off with an ηext of 10.2% and 18.7% at a luminance of 1000 cd m−2, respectively. A new class of tetra-coordinate boron-containing MR-TADF emitters and their corresponding high-performance hyperfluorescent organic light-emitting diodes have been successfully achieved.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyun Meng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lijie Liu
- Intelligent Organic Luminescent Materials Research Center, School of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zhechang He
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - David Hall
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Tai Peng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, 154007, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - David Beljonne
- Laboratory for Chemistry of Novel Materials, University of Mons, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Yoann Olivier
- Unité de Chimie Physique Théorique et Structurale, Laboratoire de Physique du Solide, Namur Institute of Structured Matter, Université de Namur, Rue de Bruxelles, 61, 5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Nan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, K7L 3N6, Canada
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11
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Realization of Efficient Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Devices Using Exciplex-Type Co-Host. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:mi13010051. [PMID: 35056215 PMCID: PMC8778812 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High-performance phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with an exciplex-type co-host were fabricated. The co-host is constituted by 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene, and 4,4,4-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine, and has obvious virtues in constructing efficient devices because of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) resulting from a reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. The highest external quantum efficiency and luminance are 14.60% and 100,900 cd/m2 for the optimal co-host device. For comparison, 9.22% and 25,450 cd/m2 are obtained for a device employing 4,4,4-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine as a single-host. Moreover, the efficiency roll-off is notably alleviated for the co-host device, indicated by much higher critical current density of 327.8 mA/cm2, compared to 120.8 mA/cm2 for the single-host device. The alleviation of excitons quenching resulting from the captured holes and electrons, together with highly sufficient energy transfer between the co-host and phosphorescent dopant account for the obvious boost in device performances.
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12
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Sumsalee P, Abella L, Kasemthaveechok S, Vanthuyne N, Cordier M, Pieters G, Autschbach J, Crassous J, Favereau L. Luminescent Chiral Exciplexes with Sky-Blue and Green Circularly Polarized-Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence. Chemistry 2021; 27:16505-16511. [PMID: 34599776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent exciplexes based on a chiral electron donor and achiral acceptors are reported as a new approach to design circularly polarized (CP) and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. This strategy results in rather high CP luminescence (CPL) values with glum up to 7×10-3 , one order of magnitude higher in comparison to the CPL signal recorded for the chiral donor alone (glum ∼7×10-4 ). This increase occurs concomitantly with a CPL sign inversion, as a result of the strong charge-transfer emission character, as experimentally and theoretically rationalized by using a covalent chiral donor-acceptor model. Interestingly, blue, green-yellow and red chiral luminescent exciplexes can be obtained by modifying with the electron accepting character of the achiral unit while keeping the same chiral donor unit. These results bring new (inter)molecular guidelines to obtain simply and efficiently multi-color CP-TADF emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Abella
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
| | | | - Nicolas Vanthuyne
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13284, Marseille, France
| | - Marie Cordier
- Univ. Rennes, CNRS, ISCR - UMR 6226, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Grégory Pieters
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SCBM, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, 14260, USA
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13
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Weissenseel S, Gottscholl A, Bönnighausen R, Dyakonov V, Sperlich A. Long-lived spin-polarized intermolecular exciplex states in thermally activated delayed fluorescence-based organic light-emitting diodes. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj9961. [PMID: 34788086 PMCID: PMC8598001 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj9961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Spin-spin interactions in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are pivotal because radiative recombination is largely determined by triplet-to-singlet conversion, also called reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). To explore the underlying process, we apply a spin-resonance spectral hole-burning technique to probe electroluminescence. We find that the triplet exciplex states in OLEDs are highly spin-polarized and show that these states can be decoupled from the heterogeneous nuclear environment as a source of spin dephasing and can even be coherently manipulated on a spin-spin relaxation time scale T2* of 30 ns. Crucially, we obtain the characteristic triplet exciplex spin-lattice relaxation time T1 in the range of 50 μs, which far exceeds the RISC time. We conclude that slow spin relaxation rather than RISC is an efficiency-limiting step for intermolecular donor:acceptor systems. Finding TADF emitters with faster spin relaxation will benefit this type of TADF OLEDs.
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14
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Schepper JDW, Orthaber A, Pammer F. Preparation of Structurally and Electronically Diverse N → B-Ladder Boranes by [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Org Chem 2021; 86:14767-14776. [PMID: 34613723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a series of eight N → B-ladder boranes through cobalt-mediated cyclotrimerization of (2-cyanophenyl)-dimesitylborane with different dialkynes. The resulting tetracoordinate boranes show variable electrochemical and optical properties depending on the substitution pattern in the backbone of the coordinating pyridine-derivatives. While boranes containing alkyl-substituted pyridines show lower electron affinities than the known parent compound, boranes featuring π-extended pyridine derivatives show higher electron affinities in the range of acceptor substituted triarylboranes. All derivatives show larger Stokes shifts (8790-6920 cm-1) compared to the N → B-ladder borane coordinated by an unsubstituted pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas D W Schepper
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Frank Pammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Helmholtz-Institut Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
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15
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16
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Xu H, Lin J, Jiang X, Jin Y, Lin Z, Zhang X, Li X, Yang H, Wu Z. Study on the difference in exciton generation processes for a single host and exciplex-type co-host. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:4840-4843. [PMID: 34598213 DOI: 10.1364/ol.439516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We distinctly reveal the difference in the exciton generation processes in phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices with an exciplex-type co-host and a single host. Excitons in the co-host consisting of 4,4,4-tris(N-carbazolyl)-triphenylamine and 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazol-2-yl)benzene are created via efficient energy transfer from the exciplex to the phosphorescent dopant. In contrast, excitons in the single host of 4,4,4-tris(N-carbazolyl)-triphenylamine are formed by the combination of holes and electrons trapped by the phosphorescent dopants. The optimized device utilizing the co-host system exhibits highly superior performance relative to the single-host device. The maximum external quantum efficiency and maximum luminance are 14.88% and 90,700cd/m2 for the co-host device, being 1.6 times and 3.6 times the maximum external efficiency and maximum luminance for the single-host device, respectively. Significantly, the critical current density, evaluating the device efficiency roll-off characteristic, is as high as 327.8mA/cm2, which is highly superior to 120.8mA/cm2 for the single-host device, indicating the notable alleviation in efficiency roll-off for the co-host device. The significant improvement in device performance is attributed to eliminating the exciton quenching resulting from the captured holes and the efficient energy transfer from the exciplex-type co-host to the phosphorescent emitter incurred by the reverse intersystem crossing process.
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17
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Wright IA, Danos A, Montanaro S, Batsanov AS, Monkman AP, Bryce MR. Conformational Dependence of Triplet Energies in Rotationally Hindered N- and S-Heterocyclic Dimers: New Design and Measurement Rules for High Triplet Energy OLED Host Materials. Chemistry 2021; 27:6545-6556. [PMID: 33560550 PMCID: PMC8251716 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of four heterocyclic dimers has been synthesized, with twisted geometries imposed across the central linking bond by ortho-alkoxy chains. These include two isomeric bicarbazoles, a bis(dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide) and a bis(thioxanthene-S,S-dioxide). Spectroscopic and electrochemical methods, supported by density functional theory, have given detailed insights into how para- vs. meta- vs. broken conjugation, and electron-rich vs. electron-poor heterocycles impact the HOMO-LUMO gap and singlet and triplet energies. Crucially for applications as OLED hosts, the triplet energy (ET ) of these molecules was found to vary significantly between dilute polymer films and neat films, related to conformational demands of the molecules in the solid state. One of the bicarbazole species shows a variation in ET of 0.24 eV in the different media-sufficiently large to "make-or-break" an OLED device-with similar discrepancies found between neat films and frozen solution measurements of other previously reported OLED hosts. From consolidated optical and optoelectronic investigations of different host/dopant combinations, we identify that only the lower ET values measured in neat films give a reliable indicator of host/guest compatibility. This work also provides new molecular design rules for obtaining very high ET materials and controlling their HOMO and LUMO energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iain A. Wright
- Department of ChemistryDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireLE11 3TUUK
| | - Andrew Danos
- Department of PhysicsDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
| | - Stephanie Montanaro
- Department of ChemistryLoughborough UniversityLoughboroughLeicestershireLE11 3TUUK
| | | | | | - Martin R. Bryce
- Department of ChemistryDurham UniversitySouth RoadDurhamDH1 3LEUK
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18
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Pei Z, Ou Q, Mao Y, Yang J, Lande ADL, Plasser F, Liang W, Shuai Z, Shao Y. Elucidating the Electronic Structure of a Delayed Fluorescence Emitter via Orbital Interactions, Excitation Energy Components, Charge-Transfer Numbers, and Vibrational Reorganization Energies. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:2712-2720. [PMID: 33705139 PMCID: PMC8272082 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Wang and co-workers carried out frontier molecule orbital engineering in the design of m-Cz-BNCz, a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecule that emits pure green light at an external quantum efficiency of 27%. To further understand the underlying molecular design principles, we employed four advanced electronic structure analysis tools. First, an absolutely localized molecular orbitals (ALMO-) based analysis indicates an antibonding combination between the highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) of the donor 3,6-di-tert-butylcarbazole fragment and the acceptor BNCz fragment, which raises the HOMO energy and red-shifts the fluorescence emission wavelength. Second, excitation energy component analysis reveals that the S1-T1 gap is dominated by two-electron components of the excitation energies. Third, charge transfer number analysis, which is extended to use fragment-based Hirshfeld weights, indicates that the S1 and T1 excited states of m-Cz-BNCz (within time-dependent density functional theory) have notable charge transfer characters (27% for S1 and 12% for T1). This provides a balance between a small single-triplet gap and a substantial fluorescence intensity. Last, a vibrational reorganization energy analysis pinpoints the torsional motion between the BNCz and Cz moieties of m-Cz-BNCz as the source for its wider emission peak than that of p-Cz-BNCz. These four types of analyses are expected to be very valuable in the study and design of other TADF and functional dye molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Qi Ou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuezhi Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Aurélien de la Lande
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, 15 avenue Jean Perrin, F91405 Orsay, France
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Wanzhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Shuai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Organic OptoElectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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19
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He L, Bai R, Yu R, Meng X, Tian M, Wang X. Donor/Acceptor Pairs Created by Electrostatic Interaction: Design, Synthesis, and Investigation on the Exciplex Formed Within the Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6013-6020. [PMID: 33331060 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exciplexes formed between donors and acceptors have been widely explored but isolating them from each other and tuning the interaction between the donor and acceptor have remained challenges. Here, we report donor/acceptor (D/A) pairs created by electrostatic interaction between a carbazole-based anionic donor and a 1,3,5-triazine-based cationic acceptor and the exciplex formed within the pair. In a diluted film, the D/A pair affords an isolated exciplex which shows thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF). By changing the anchoring position of the imidazolium cation in the cationic acceptor, interactions between the donor and acceptor can be changed. Compared to the conventional exciplex formed in a neat film, the isolated exciplex exhibits a substantially higher luminescence efficiency. The D/A pairs show intriguing mechanochromic luminescence and mechanical grinding-induced/reinforced TADF in the solid state and promising performances as emitters in organic light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Rubing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Renyou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang M, Zheng CJ, Lin H, Tao SL. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence exciplex emitters for high-performance organic light-emitting diodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:401-425. [PMID: 34821262 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01245a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their natural thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) characteristics, the development of exciplex emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) has witnessed booming progress in recent years. Formed between electron-donating and electron-accepting molecules, exciplexes with intermolecular charge transfer processes have unique advantages compared with unimolecular TADF materials, offering a new way to develop high-performance TADF emitters. In this review, a comprehensive overview of TADF exciplex emitters is presented with a focus on the relationship between the constituents of exciplexes and their electroluminescence performance. We summarize and discuss the latest and most significant developments of TADF exciplex emitters. Notably, the design principles of efficient TADF exciplex emitters are systematically categorized into three systems within this review. These progressive achievements of TADF exciplex emitters point out future challenges to trigger more research endeavors in this growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC), Chengdu, 610054, P. R. China.
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21
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He L, Bai R, Yu R, Meng X, Tian M, Wang X. Donor/Acceptor Pairs Created by Electrostatic Interaction: Design, Synthesis, and Investigation on the Exciplex Formed Within the Pair. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Rubing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Renyou Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Meng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Mingxing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis College of Chemistry Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079 P. R. China
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22
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Nakazato T, Shinokubo H, Miyake Y. Complexation of 2,7-diazapyrene with boron for structural and electronic tuning. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:327-330. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07804b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Complexation of tetra(hydroxyphenyl)-2,7-diazapyrene with boron provided the boron complexes as anti- and syn-isomers. The structural difference induces self-association behaviour of the syn-isomer and isomerisation of the anti-isomer in the solution and solid states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nakazato
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shinokubo
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyake
- Department of Molecular and Macromolecular Chemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Nagoya University
- Nagoya 464-8603
- Japan
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23
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei J, Hong X, Lu Y, Hu D, Li G, Liu Z, Chen Y, Duan L. Achieving Pure Green Electroluminescence with CIEy of 0.69 and EQE of 28.2% from an Aza‐Fused Multi‐Resonance Emitter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202008264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiangchen Hong
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Deping Hu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Guomeng Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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24
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei J, Hong X, Lu Y, Hu D, Li G, Liu Z, Chen Y, Duan L. Achieving Pure Green Electroluminescence with CIEy of 0.69 and EQE of 28.2% from an Aza‐Fused Multi‐Resonance Emitter. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17499-17503. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| | - Xiangchen Hong
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
| | - Deping Hu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Guomeng Li
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
- Center for Flexible Electronics Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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25
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Zhang Z, Wang Y, Wang W, Yamamoto Y, Bao M, Yu X. Convenient synthesis of tetracoordinated organoboron compounds via C H borylation of aryl-N-heteroaromatics with TfOB Bu2. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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26
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Haque A, Al-Balushi RA, Raithby PR, Khan MS. Recent Advances in π-Conjugated N^C-Chelate Organoboron Materials. Molecules 2020; 25:E2645. [PMID: 32517244 PMCID: PMC7321365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron-containing π-conjugated materials are archetypical candidates for a variety of molecular scale applications. The incorporation of boron into the π-conjugated frameworks significantly modifies the nature of the parent π-conjugated systems. Several novel boron-bridged π-conjugated materials with intriguing structural, photo-physical and electrochemical properties have been reported over the last few years. In this paper, we review the properties and multi-dimensional applications of the boron-bridged fused-ring π-conjugated systems. We critically highlight the properties of π-conjugated N^C-chelate organoboron materials. This is followed by a discussion on the potential applications of the new materials in opto-electronics (O-E) and other areas. Finally, attempts will be made to predict the future direction/outlook for this class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashanul Haque
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il 81451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayya A. Al-Balushi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Applied and Health Sciences, A’Sharqiyah University, P.O. Box 42, Ibra 400, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Muhammad S. Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Al-Khod 123, Sultanate of Oman
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27
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Iqbal SA, Pahl J, Yuan K, Ingleson MJ. Intramolecular (directed) electrophilic C-H borylation. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:4564-4591. [PMID: 32495755 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00763f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The intramolecular C-H borylation of (hetero)arenes and alkenes using electrophilic boranes is a powerful transition metal free methodology for forming C-B bonds. These C-H borylation reactions are preceded by intermolecular bond (both dative and covalent) formation, with examples proceeding via initial C-B and N-B bond formation dominating this field thus both are discussed in depth herein. Less prevalent intramolecular electrophilic C-H borylation reactions that proceed by intermolecular O-B, S-B and P-B bond formation are also summarised. Mechanistic studies are presented that reveal two mechanisms for C-H borylation, (i) electrophilic aromatic substitution (prevalent with B-X electrophiles); (ii) σ-bond metathesis mediated (prevalent with B-H and B-R electrophiles). To date, intramolecular electrophilic C-H borylation is utilised mainly for accessing boron containing conjugated organic materials, however recent developments, summarized herein alongside early studies, have highlighted the applicability of this methodology for forming synthetically versatile organo-boronate esters and boron containing bioactives. The multitude of synthetic procedures reported for intramolecular electrophilic C-H borylation contain many common features and this enables key requirements for successful C-H borylation and the factors effecting regioselectivity and substrate scope to be identified, discussed and summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Iqbal
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - J Pahl
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - K Yuan
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - M J Ingleson
- EastCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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28
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Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Boron: Its Role in Energy-Related Processes and Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8800-8816. [PMID: 31625661 PMCID: PMC7317435 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Boron's unique position in the Periodic Table, that is, at the apex of the line separating metals and nonmetals, makes it highly versatile in chemical reactions and applications. Contemporary demand for renewable and clean energy as well as energy-efficient products has seen boron playing key roles in energy-related research, such as 1) activating and synthesizing energy-rich small molecules, 2) storing chemical and electrical energy, and 3) converting electrical energy into light. These applications are fundamentally associated with boron's unique characteristics, such as its electron-deficiency and the availability of an unoccupied p orbital, which allow the formation of a myriad of compounds with a wide range of chemical and physical properties. For example, boron's ability to achieve a full octet of electrons with four covalent bonds and a negative charge has led to the synthesis of a wide variety of borate anions of high chemical and electrochemical stability-in particular, weakly coordinating anions. This Review summarizes recent advances in the study of boron compounds for energy-related processes and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Technology Sydney81 BroadwayUltimoNSW2007Australia
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of ChemistryQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Merck KGaA64293DarmstadtGermany
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic ChemistryJulius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB)Julius-Maximilians-Universität WürzburgAm Hubland97074WürzburgGermany
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29
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Huang Z, Wang S, Dewhurst RD, Ignat'ev NV, Finze M, Braunschweig H. Bor in energiebezogenen Prozessen und Anwendungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Huang
- School of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Technology Sydney 81 Broadway Ultimo NSW 2007 Australien
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry Queen's University Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Kanada
| | - Rian D. Dewhurst
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Nikolai V. Ignat'ev
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Merck KGaA 64293 Darmstadt Deutschland
| | - Maik Finze
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
| | - Holger Braunschweig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
- Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron (ICB) Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Deutschland
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30
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Nguyen TB, Nakanotani H, Hatakeyama T, Adachi C. The Role of Reverse Intersystem Crossing Using a TADF-Type Acceptor Molecule on the Device Stability of Exciplex-Based Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1906614. [PMID: 31975459 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exciplex system exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) holds a considerable potential to improve organic light-emitting diode (OLED) performances. However, the operational lifetime of current exciplex-based devices, unfortunately, falls far behind the requirement for commercialization. Herein, rationally choosing a TADF-type electron acceptor molecule is reported as a new strategy to enhance OLEDs' operating lifetime. A comprehensive study of the exciplex system containing 9,9',9''-triphenyl-9H,9'H,9''H-3,3':6',3''-tercarbazole (Tris-PCz) and triazine (TRZ) derivatives clarifies the relationship between unwanted carrier recombination on acceptor molecules, TADF property of acceptors, and the device degradation event. By employing a proposed "exciton recycling" strategy, a threefold increased operational lifetime can be achieved while still maintaining high-performance OLED properties. In particular, a stable blue OLED that employs this strategy is successfully demonstrated. This research provides an important step for exciplex-based devices toward the significant improvement of operational stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Ba Nguyen
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hajime Nakanotani
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, c/o Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
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31
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Liu XY, Zhang YJ, Fei X, Fung MK, Fan J. Four-Coordinate Organoboron Platforms for Efficient Red Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Chempluschem 2020; 84:1587-1595. [PMID: 31943932 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
So far both three- and four-coordinate organoboron compounds have been widely applied in organic light-emitting diode (OLED) materials. However, the use of four-coordinate organoboron compounds as host materials is rarely reported. In this work, two new four-coordinate organoboron compounds, namely 8-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-6,6-difluoro-6H-6λ4 ,7λ4 -benzo[4',5']imidazo[1',2':3,4][1,3,2]diazaborolo[1,5-a]pyridine (B1PCz) and 8-(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-6,6-difluoro-6H-6λ4 ,7λ4 -benzo[4',5']imidazo[1',2':3,4][1,3,2]diazaborolo[1,5-a]pyridine (B1MCz), were successfully designed, synthesized, and fully characterized. The red OLEDs using B1PCz and B1MCz as host materials achieved relatively high device performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 14.8 % and 11.8 %, respectively. These results will expand the scope of organoboron compounds for OLED materials and reveal the great potential of four-coordinate organoboron materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.,Suzhou Ever Display Advanced Materials Co., Ltd. Wujiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Jie Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Xiyu Fei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Man-Keung Fung
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jian Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, P. R. China
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32
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Lin Z, Kabe R, Wang K, Adachi C. Influence of energy gap between charge-transfer and locally excited states on organic long persistence luminescence. Nat Commun 2020; 11:191. [PMID: 31924793 PMCID: PMC6954229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic long-persistent luminescence (LPL) is an organic luminescence system that slowly releases stored exciton energy as light. Organic LPL materials have several advantages over inorganic LPL materials in terms of functionality, flexibility, transparency, and solution-processability. However, the molecular selection strategies for the organic LPL system still remain unclear. Here we report that the energy gap between the lowest localized triplet excited state and the lowest singlet charge-transfer excited state in the exciplex system significantly controls the LPL performance. Changes in the LPL duration and spectra properties are systematically investigated for three donor materials having a different energy gap. When the energy level of the lowest localized triplet excited state is much lower than that of the charge-transfer excited state, the system exhibits a short LPL duration and clear two distinct emission features originating from exciplex fluorescence and donor phosphorescence. Long-persistent luminescence can be realized in all-organic systems (OLPL) but still with unsatisfactory performance. Here the authors investigate the relationships between energy levels and emission properties in a series of OLPL materials and propose a design strategy for efficient OLPL performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zesen Lin
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan.,JST, ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryota Kabe
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,Organic Optoelectronics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan. .,JST, ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Kai Wang
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.,Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM) and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,JST, ERATO Adachi Molecular Exciton Engineering Project, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. .,International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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33
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei J, Liu Z, Lu Y, Duan L. Multi‐Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophores for Narrowband Green OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:16912-16917. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University 2699 Qianjin Avenue Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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34
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Wei J, Liu Z, Lu Y, Duan L. Multi‐Resonance Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophores for Narrowband Green OLEDs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- State Key Lab of Supramolecular Structure and MaterialsCollege of ChemistryJilin University 2699 Qianjin Avenue Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Ziyang Liu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Lian Duan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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35
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Cao HT, Hong CS, Ye DQ, Liu LH, Xie LH, Chen SF, Sun C, Wang SS, Zhang HM, Huang W. Tetracyano-substituted spiro[fluorene-9,9′-xanthene] as electron acceptor for exciplex thermally activated delayed fluorescence. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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36
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Zhang M, Liu W, Zheng C, Wang K, Shi Y, Li X, Lin H, Tao S, Zhang X. Tricomponent Exciplex Emitter Realizing over 20% External Quantum Efficiency in Organic Light-Emitting Diode with Multiple Reverse Intersystem Crossing Channels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801938. [PMID: 31380198 PMCID: PMC6661936 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
With the naturally separated frontier molecular orbitals, exciplexes are capable of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters for organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). And, the current key issue for exciplex emitters is improving their exciton utilization. In this work, a strategy of building exciplex emitters with three components is proposed to realize multiple reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) channels, improving their exciton utilization by enhancing upconversion of nonradiative triplet excitons. Accordingly, a tricomponent exciplex DBT-SADF:PO-T2T:CDBP is constructed with three RISC channels respectively on DBT-SADF, DBT-SADF:PO-T2T, and CDBP:PO-T2T. Furthermore, its photoluminescence quantum yield and rate constant of the RISC process are successfully improved. In the OLED, DBT-SADF:PO-T2T:CDBP exhibits a remarkably high maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 20.5%, which is the first report with an EQE over 20% for the OLEDs based on exciplex emitters to the best of our knowledge. This work not only demonstrates that introducing multiple RISC channels can effectively improve the exciton utilization of exciplex emitters, but also proves the superiority of the tricomponent exciplex strategy for further development of exciplex emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)Chengdu610054P. R. China
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Cai‐Jun Zheng
- School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)Chengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Zhong Shi
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Xing Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
| | - Hui Lin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)Chengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Si‐Lu Tao
- School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)Chengdu610054P. R. China
| | - Xiao‐Hong Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM)Soochow UniversitySuzhou215123P. R. China
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37
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Liang B, Wang J, Cheng Z, Wei J, Wang Y. Exciplex-Based Electroluminescence: Over 21% External Quantum Efficiency and Approaching 100 lm/W Power Efficiency. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2811-2816. [PMID: 31082247 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazole-triazine-based electron acceptor PIM-TRZ with high triplet exited-state energy and strong electron-transport ability was newly developed. A series of highly efficient exciplex emitters have been fabricated. The TAPC:PIM-TRZ (TAPC: di-[4-( N, N-ditoly amino)-phenyl]cyclohexane) film shows a high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields (PLQY, Φf) of 93.4%, and the device based on TAPC:PIM-TRZ exhibits a low turn-on voltage of 2.3 V, high maximum efficiency of 71.2 cd A-1 (current efficiency, CE), 97.3 lm W-1 (power efficiency, PE), and 21.7% (external quantum efficiency, EQE), as well as a high EQE of 16.2% at a luminance of 5000 cd m-2. The device displays the highest efficiency among reported organic light-emitting devices with an exciplex film as the emitting layer. Furthermore, a green device is also fabricated with a TAPC:PIM-TRZ cohost using C545T (C545T: (10-(2-benzothiazolyl)-2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-1 H,5 H,11 H-benzopyrano[6,7-8- I, j]quinolizin-11-one)) as the dopant, and the highest CE, PE, and EQE are 68.3 cd A-1, 86.6 lm W-1, and 20.2%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinbei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , People's Republic of China
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38
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Wu TL, Liao SY, Huang PY, Hong ZS, Huang MP, Lin CC, Cheng MJ, Cheng CH. Exciplex Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Nearly 20% External Quantum Efficiency: Effect of Intermolecular Steric Hindrance between the Donor and Acceptor Pair. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:19294-19300. [PMID: 31046225 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exciplex emitters have emerged as an important class of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials for highly efficient OLEDs. A TADF exciplex emitter requires an intermolecular donor/acceptor pair. We have synthesized a bipolar donor-type material, DPSTPA, which was used to pair with known acceptor materials (2CzPN, 4CzIPN, or CzDBA). The OLEDs based on the exciplex emitters, DPSTPA/X, where X = 2CzPN and CzDBA, give green and orange-red colors with record-high external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) of 19.0 ± 0.6 and 14.6 ± 0.4%, respectively. In contrast, the exciplex pair DPSTPA/4CzIPN gave a very low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) and a very low EQE value of the device. The DFT calculations indicate that the intermolecular distance between the donor and the acceptor plays a key factor for the PLQY and EQE. The observed low PLQY and the poor device performance for the DPSTPA/4CzIPN pair are probably because of the relatively long distance between the DPSTPA and 4CzIPN in the thin film caused by the four congested carbazole (Cz) groups of 4CzIPN, which effectively block the interaction of the nitrile acceptor with the triphenylamino donor of DPSTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Lin Wu
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Yu Liao
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Zih-Siang Hong
- Department of Chemistry , National Cheng Kung University No. 1, Daxue Road , East District, Tainan 70101 , Taiwan
| | - Man-Ping Huang
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chun Lin
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , National Cheng Kung University No. 1, Daxue Road , East District, Tainan 70101 , Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry , National Tsing Hua University , No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road , Hsinchu 30013 , Taiwan
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Li P, Chan H, Lai S, Ng M, Chan M, Yam VW. Four‐Coordinate Boron Emitters with Tridentate Chelating Ligand for Efficient and Stable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light‐Emitting Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201903332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Li
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
| | - Hing Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
| | - Shiu‐Lun Lai
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
| | - Maggie Ng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
| | - Mei‐Yee Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
| | - Vivian Wing‐Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence SchemeUniversity Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of ChemistryThe University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong P.R.China
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Li P, Chan H, Lai SL, Ng M, Chan MY, Yam VWW. Four-Coordinate Boron Emitters with Tridentate Chelating Ligand for Efficient and Stable Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light-Emitting Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:9088-9094. [PMID: 31050130 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A new class of four-coordinate donor-acceptor fluoroboron-containing thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) compounds bearing a tridentate 2,2'-(pyridine-2,6-diyl)diphenolate (dppy) ligand has been successfully designed and synthesized. Upon varying the donor moieties from carbazole to 10H-spiro[acridine-9,9'-fluorene] to 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine, these boron derivatives exhibit a wide range of emission colors spanning from blue to yellow with a large spectral shift of 2746 cm-1 , with high PLQYs of up to 96 % in the doped thin film. Notably, vacuum-deposited organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) made with these boron compounds demonstrate high performances with the best current efficiencies of 55.7 cd A-1 , power efficiencies of 58.4 lm W-1 and external quantum efficiencies of 18.0 %. More importantly, long operational stabilities of the green-emitting OLEDs based on 2 with half-lifetimes of up to 12 733 hours at an initial luminance of 100 cd m-2 have been realized. This work represents for the first time the design and synthesis of tridentate dppy-chelating four-coordinate boron TADF compounds for long operational stabilities, suggesting great promises for the development of stable boron-containing TADF emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Li
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Hing Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Shiu-Lun Lai
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Maggie Ng
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Mei-Yee Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials [Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee (HongKong)] and Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R.China
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Wei X, Liu Y, Hu T, Li Z, Liu J, Wang R, Gao H, Hu X, Liu G, Wang P, Lee CS, Wang Y. Design of Efficient Exciplex Emitters by Decreasing the Energy Gap Between the Local Excited Triplet ( 3LE) State of the Acceptor and the Charge Transfer (CT) States of the Exciplex. Front Chem 2019; 7:188. [PMID: 31024884 PMCID: PMC6465540 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) exciplex based on the TX-TerPy were constructed. The electronic coupling between the triplet local excited states (3LE) of the donors and acceptor and the charge transfer states had a great influence on the triplet exciton harvesting and ΦPL. Herein, based on this strategy, three donor molecules TAPC, TCTA, and m-MTDATA were selected. The local triplet excited state (3LE) of the three donors are 2.93, 2.72 and 2.52 eV in pure films. And the 3LE of TX-TerPy is 2.69 eV in polystyrene film. The energy gap between the singlet charge transfer (1CT) states of TAPC:TX-TerPy (7:1), TCTA:TX-TerPy (7:1) and the 3LE of TX-TerPy are 0.30 eV and 0.20 eV. Finally, the ΦPL of TAPC:TX-TerPy (7:1) and TCTA:TX-TerPy (7:1) are 65.2 and 69.6%. When we changed the doping concentration of the exciplex from 15% to 50%, the ratio of the triplet decreased, and ΦPL decreased by half, perhaps due to the increased energy gap between 1CT and 3LE. Therefore, optimizing the 1CT, 3CT, and 3LE facilitated the efficient exciplex TADF molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Taiping Hu
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu J, Hu T, Li Z, Wei X, Hu X, Gao H, Liu G, Yi Y, Yamada-Takamura Y, Lee CS, Wang P, Wang Y. Intermolecular Interaction-Induced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Based on a Thiochromone Derivative. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1888-1893. [PMID: 30939025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exploration of new extrinsic ways to modulate thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) to achieve high exciton utilization efficiency in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is highly desirable. A new thiochromone derivative 2,3-bis(4-(9 H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-4 H-thiochromen-4-1,1-dioxide (THI-PhCz) with tunable photophysical properties from crystals to amorphous states is reported. THI-PhCz shows molecular-packing-dependent TADF in different aggregation states based on the differences of intermolecular interactions. Furthermore, it is observed that THI-PhCz doped in amorphous films of different hosts also shows host-dependent TADF with a short delay lifetime (108 ns), which is interpreted as the effect of host-guest intermolecular interaction on the 3CT state except for the effect on the 1CT state in reported references. This work provides a new perspective for generation of TADF by tuning intermolecular interactions in crystals and amorphous films except for molecular design, which is expected to contribute in achieving low-efficiency roll-off OLEDs with effective exciton utilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Taiping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Zhiyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaofang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Honglei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guanhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Yukiko Yamada-Takamura
- School of Materials Science , Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology , Ishikawa 923-1292 , Japan
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF) , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong SAR , People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials and CityU-CAS Joint Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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44
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Oda S, Shimizu T, Katayama T, Yoshikawa H, Hatakeyama T. Tetracoordinate Boron-Fused Double [5]Helicenes as Cathode Active Materials for Lithium Batteries. Org Lett 2019; 21:1770-1773. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susumu Oda
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takazumi Katayama
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yoshikawa
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
| | - Takuji Hatakeyama
- School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 2-1 Gakuen, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan
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Nagoya Gold Medal: D. W. C. MacMillan / Nagoya Silver Medal: C. Adachi / KCS-Wiley Young Chemist Award: M. H. Lee and E. Lee. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:375. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Nagoya-Goldmedaille: D. W. C. MacMillan / Nagoya-Silbermedaille: C. Adachi / KCS-Wiley-Preis für Nachwuchschemiker: M. H. Lee und E. Lee. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pammer F, Schepper J, Glöckler J, Sun Y, Orthaber A. Expansion of the scope of alkylboryl-bridged N → B-ladder boranes: new substituents and alternative substrates. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:10298-10312. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01555h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A series of new boranes capable of forming intramolecular N → B-heterocycles has been prepared and their properties have been studied by electrochemical methods and UV-vis-spectroscopy complemented by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Pammer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Jonas Schepper
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II and Advanced Materials
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Johannes Glöckler
- Institut of Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Yu Sun
- Fachbereich Chemie
- Technische Universität Kaiserslautern
- D-67663 Kaiserslautern
- Germany
| | - Andreas Orthaber
- Department of Chemistry – Ångström laboratories
- Uppsala University
- 75120 Uppsala
- Sweden
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