1
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Zhang Z, Gevorgyan V. Visible Light-Induced Reactions of Diazo Compounds and Their Precursors. Chem Rev 2024; 124:7214-7261. [PMID: 38754038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, visible light-induced reactions of diazo compounds have attracted increasing attention in organic synthesis, leading to improvement of existing reactions, as well as to the discovery of unprecedented transformations. Thus, photochemical or photocatalytic generation of both carbenes and radicals provide milder tools toward these key intermediates for many valuable transformations. However, the vast majority of the transformations represent new reactivity modes of diazo compounds, which are achieved by the photochemical decomposition of diazo compounds and photoredox catalysis. In particular, the use of a redox-active photocatalysts opens the avenue to a plethora of radical reactions. The application of these methods to diazo compounds led to discovery of transformations inaccessible by the classical reactivity associated with carbenes and metal carbenes. In most cases, diazo compounds act as radical sources but can also serve as radical acceptors. Importantly, the described processes operate under mild, practical conditions. This Review describes this subfield of diazo compound chemistry, particularly focusing on recent advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
| | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080-3021, United States
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2
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Sarkar S, Bhunya S, Pan S, Datta A, Roy L, Samanta R. Rh(II)-catalysed N2-selective arylation of benzotriazoles and indazoles using quinoid carbenes via 1,5-H shift. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4727-4730. [PMID: 38597372 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00823e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
An efficient Rh(II)-catalyzed highly selective N2-arylation of benzotriazole, indazole, and 1,2,3 triazole is developed using diazonaphthoquinone. The developed protocol is extended with a wide scope. In addition, late-stage arylation of these scaffolds tethered with bioactive molecules is explored. Control experiments and DFT calculations reveal that the reaction proceeds presumably via nucleophilic addition of the N2 (of the 1H tautomer) center to quinoid-carbene followed by a 1,5-H shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souradip Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
| | - Sourav Bhunya
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Subarna Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
| | - Arnadeep Datta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
| | - Lisa Roy
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai-IOC Odisha Campus Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar 751013, India.
| | - Rajarshi Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India.
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3
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Huang C, Qin YS, Wang CL, Xiao P, Tang S, Liu HJ, Wei Z, Cai H. Visible light-induced C(sp 3)-H azolation of ethers via radical-polar crossover. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2669-2672. [PMID: 38351890 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06210d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Reported herein is a photochemical strategy for C(sp3)-H azolation of ethers via a hydrogen-atom transfer and radical-polar crossover process, offering efficient access to valuable N-alkylated azoles under visible-light irradiation. The protocol is metal-free and photocatalyst-free, and exhibits good to excellent yields and broad substrate scope with regard to azoles. EPR experiments provide evidence for the formation of intermediates formed in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Shu Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Chen-Lu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Sheng Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Jun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenhong Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
| | - Hu Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P. R. China.
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4
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Lv Y, Wang Z, Song L, Hao J, Zhu S, Yue H, Wei W, Yi D. Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Tandem Reaction of Alkynes, α-Diazo Esters, and TMSN 3 to Access N-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 38047963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
An efficient copper-catalyzed three-component tandem reaction of alkynes, α-diazo esters, and TMSN3 to construct triazoles has been developed. Through this strategy, a number of diverse N-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles were conveniently obtained in moderate to good yields from simple and readily available starting materials using K2CO3 as the base. The mechanism of the tandem Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and Cu-carbenoid-participated C-N coupling reaction has been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufen Lv
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Lianhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Jindong Hao
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research and Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai 810008, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Dong Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan, P. R. China
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5
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Peng Q, Huang M, Xu G, Zhu Y, Shao Y, Tang S, Zhang X, Sun J. Asymmetric N-Alkylation of 1H-Indoles via Carbene Insertion Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202313091. [PMID: 37819054 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
An intermolecular enantioselective N-alkylation reaction of 1H-indoles has been developed by cooperative rhodium and chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed N-H bond insertion reaction. N-Alkyl indoles with newly formed stereocenter adjacent to the indole nitrogen atom are produced in good yields (up to 95 %) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99 % ee). Importantly, both α-aryl and α-alkyl diazoacetates are tolerated, which is extremely rare in asymmetric X-H (X=N, O, S et al.) and C-H insertion reactions. With this method, only 0.1 mol % of rhodium catalyst and 2.5 mol % of chiral phosphoric acid are required to complete the conversion as well as achieve the high enantioselectivity. Computational studies reveal the cooperative relay of rhodium and chiral phosphoric acid, and the origin of the chemo and stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxin Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Meirong Huang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, 518055, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
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6
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Wang C, Sun J. Atroposelective Synthesis of N-N Axially Chiral Bipyrroles via Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Insertion Reaction. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37366557 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
An atroposelective synthesis of bipyrroles with an axially chiral N-N bond has been established via a rhodium-catalyzed C-H bond insertion reaction to provide the desired atropisomers in good yields (up to 97% yield) with good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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7
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Chen SJ, Li JH, He ZQ, Chen GS, Zhuang YY, Chen CP, Liu YL. N-Trifluoropropylation of Azoles through N-Vinylation and Sequential Hydrogenation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:15703-15712. [PMID: 36331418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Installing a fluoroalkyl group onto the nitrogen atom of azoles represents a potential strategy for lead optimization in medicinal chemistry. Herein, we describe a method for the N-trifluoropropylation of azoles. This process is accomplished using a combination of regioselective N-vinylation and sequential hydrogenation. The two-step sequence is applicable to a diverse set of azoles and tolerates a wide range of functionalities. In addition, we showcase its practicability and utility through the gram-scale synthesis and the late-stage modification of a complex molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jie Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Hui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Shu Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yin-Yin Zhuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Ping Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Lin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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8
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Niu C, Zhou Y, Chen Q, Zhu Y, Tang S, Yu ZX, Sun J. Atroposelective Synthesis of N-Arylindoles via Enantioselective N-H Bond Insertion. Org Lett 2022; 24:7428-7433. [PMID: 36190794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present here a rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric N-H insertion reaction, which is a concerted process revealed by DFT calculations, for the synthesis of novel axially chiral N-arylindoles by the reaction between indoles and diazonaphthoquinones. The reaction occurs at the N1 rather than C2/C3 positions of indoles, providing the chiral N-arylindoles in good yields and excellent enantiomeric ratios. Furthermore, this protocol is also amenable to the synthesis of chiral N-arylcarbazoles with excellent enantiocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Niu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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9
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Zhu LL, Tian L, Sun K, Li Y, Liu G, Cai B, Zhang H, Wang Y. N 2-Selective β-Thioalkylation of Benzotriazoles with Alkenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12963-12974. [PMID: 36137279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, N2-selective β-thioalkylation of benzotriazoles with unactivated alkenes and styrenes is reported. The N2-selective β-thioalkylation of benzotriazoles is highly stereospecific and works under simple and mild conditions, exhibiting excellent functional group tolerance. The high N2-selectivity is a consequence of the combination of hydrogen bonding and Lewis acid/base activation, which reverses the N2-position to be favored for alkylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Lifang Tian
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kunhui Sun
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yiwen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Guanglu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Bin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou 466001, China
| | - Yahui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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10
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Zhu K, Cao M, Zhao G, Zhao J, Li P. Visible Light-Promoted Diazoacetates and Nitriles Generating Nitrilium Ions Trapped by Benzotriazoles and Carboxylic Acids. Org Lett 2022; 24:5855-5859. [PMID: 35916596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A visible light-promoted generation of nitrilium ions from diazoacetates and nitriles has been developed. The reaction utilized visible light transformation of diazoacetates to the free carbene that could be trapped by nitriles to generate nitrilium ions, followed by nucleophilic attack on the benzotriazoles and carboxylic acids. This protocol provides an efficient and practical approach to N-imidoylbenzotriazoles and diacylglycine esters in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyong Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Guanzhen Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, P. R. China
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11
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Enyne diketones as substrate in asymmetric Nazarov cyclization for construction of chiral allene cyclopentenones. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3146. [PMID: 35672319 PMCID: PMC9174488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Nazarov cyclization is one of the most powerful tools for the stereoselective synthesis of various cyclopentenone scaffolds. Therefore, developing the new classes substrate of Nazarov reaction is an important endeavor in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we report enyne diketones, enables diastereo- and enantioselective construction of chiral allene cyclopentenones in moderate to good yields with good enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee). Importantly, it is a typical example for asymmetric synthesis of cyclopentanones with allene moiety using Nazarov cyclisation. Mechanistic studies indicate that this metal-organo relay catalysis protocol involves a rhodium-catalyzed tandem oxonium ylide formation/[2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement/reverse benzylic acid rearrangement, followed by organo-catalyzed asymmetric Nazarov cyclization/alkyne-to-allene isomerization to give the final chiral allene cyclopentenones.
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12
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Ma Y, Zhang X, Yang Y, Hu L, Xiong Y. Synthesis of 2-alkyl triazoles with solvothermal conditions. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Zhu LL, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Tian L, Ramadoss V, Zhang H. Recent Developments in N2-Selective Functionalizations of 1,2,3-Triazoles. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1719902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe widespread use of 1,2,3-triazole compounds in drugs has resulted in a great interest in the efficient synthesis of N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles via post triazole functionalization methods. At present, there are many methods for the synthesis of N1-substituted 1,2,3-triazole compounds, but the development of convenient methods for the N2-selective functionalization of 1,2,3-triazoles remains challenging. In general, the greater stability of the N1 tautomer makes the N2 position a non-preferable reactive site, which has limited the application of 1,2,3-triazoles. In this review, we summarized advances in the direct N2-selective functionalization of 1,2,3-triazoles since 2008.1 Introduction2 N2-Alkylation3 N2-Allylation4 N2-Propargylation5 N2-Alkenylation6 N2-Alkynylation7 N2-Arylation8 Conclusions and Outlook
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University
| | - Yahui Wang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
| | - Yue Zheng
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
| | - Lifang Tian
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
| | - Velayudham Ramadoss
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry (TIF), Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University
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14
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Krasavin M, Bubyrev A, Kazantsev A, Heim C, Maiwald S, Zhukovsky D, Dar’in D, Hartmann MD, Bunev A. Replacing the phthalimide core in thalidomide with benzotriazole. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:527-530. [PMID: 35220840 PMCID: PMC8890552 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2021.2024525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of proteolysis-targeting chimaeras (PROTACs) mandates that new ligands for the recruitment of E3 ligases are discovered. The traditional immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) such as thalidomide and its analogues (all based on the phthalimide glutarimide core) bind to Cereblon, the substrate receptor of the CRL4ACRBN E3 ligase. We designed a thalidomide analogue in which the phthalimide moiety was replaced with benzotriazole, using an innovative synthesis strategy. Compared to thalidomide, the resulting “benzotriazolo thalidomide” has a similar binding mode, but improved properties, as revealed in crystallographic analyses, affinity assays and cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Krasavin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Bubyrev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexander Kazantsev
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Christopher Heim
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Samuel Maiwald
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniil Zhukovsky
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Dar’in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marcus D. Hartmann
- Department of Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Bunev
- Medicinal Chemistry Center, Togliatti State University, Togliatti, Russia
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15
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Lang J, Wang S, He C, Liu X, Feng X. Asymmetric synthesis of isochromanone derivatives via trapping carboxylic oxonium ylides and aldol cascade. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1163-1168. [PMID: 35211283 PMCID: PMC8790771 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06025b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient asymmetric synthesis of isochromanone derivatives was realized through Z-selective-1,3-OH insertion/aldol cyclization reaction involving acyclic carboxylic oxonium ylides. The combination of achiral dirhodium salts and chiral N,N′-dioxide–metal complexes, along with the use of α-diazoketones instead of α-diazoesters, enables the cascade reaction efficiently. A variety of benzo-fused δ-lactones bearing vicinal quaternary stereocenters were obtained with good to excellent enantioselectivity, bypassing the competitive 1,1-OH insertion and racemic background aldol reaction. A highly enantioselective cascade Z-selective-1,3-OH insertion/aldol cyclization of ketoacids with diazoketones involving carboxylic oxonium ylides was achieved by using a bimetallic Rh(ii)/chiral N,N′-dioxide-Fe(iii) or Sc(iii) complex catalyst.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Lang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Changli He
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
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16
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Ning Y, Song Q, Sivaguru P, Wu L, Anderson EA, Bi X. Ag-Catalyzed Insertion of Alkynyl Carbenes into C-C Bonds of β-Ketocarbonyls: A Formal C(sp 2) Insertion. Org Lett 2022; 24:631-636. [PMID: 34985288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c04081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here we report a silver-catalyzed alkynyl carbene insertion into β-ketocarbonyls using alkynyl N-nosylhydrazones as alkynyl carbene precursors, which provides access to trisubstituted allenyl ketones. This reaction represents the first example of an alkynyl carbene insertion into a C-C σ bond, affording products homologated with an sp2 carbon center. The products are useful substrates for further transformations. Experimental investigations and theoretical calculations suggest the reaction proceeds through a stepwise enol cyclopropanation/retro-aldol pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongquan Ning
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Qingmin Song
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Paramasivam Sivaguru
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lizuo Wu
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Edward A Anderson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K
| | - Xihe Bi
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design & Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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17
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Rai V, P K, Harmalkar SS, Dhuri SN, Maddani MR. 1,6-Addition of 1,2,3-NH triazoles to para-quinone methides: Facile access to highly selective N 1 and N 2 substituted triazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:345-351. [PMID: 34908078 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01717a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The regioselective syntheses of N1 and N2 substituted triazoles through a 1,6-addition reaction of 1,2,3-NH triazoles to p-quinone methide were achieved under mild reaction conditions. The present reactions showed superior results in terms of selectivity, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time and broad substrate scope with good functional-group compatibility. Considering the high synthetic value of N1- and N2-substituted compounds and p-QM related research, the present strategy will greatly benefit researchers in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Rai
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kavyashree P
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, India
| | | | - Sundar N Dhuri
- School of Chemical Sciences, Goa University, Goa 403206, India
| | - Mahagundappa R Maddani
- Department of Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangothri, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
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18
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Jin L, Zhou X, Zhao Y, Guo J, Stephan DW. Catalyst-dependent chemoselective insertion of diazoalkanes into N-H\C-H\O-H\C-O bonds of 2-hydroxybenzothiazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7781-7786. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01048h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The control of chemoselective insertions of diazoalkanes with 2-hydroxybenzothiazoles is challenging. Herein, the chemoselective N-H, O-H, C-O or C-H bond insertions of diazoalkanes with 2-hydroxybenzothiazoles are achieved using B(C6F5)3, Rh2(OAc)4...
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19
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Ma R, Chen Y, Fang S, Jiang H, Yang S, Wu W. Palladium-catalyzed acetalization/cyclization of enynones with alcohols: rapid access to functionalized dihaloalkenyl dihydrofurans. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:13907-13910. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03949d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel Pd-catalyzed acetalization/cyclization of enynones and alcohols for the construction of dihaloalkenyl dihydrofuran derivatives is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruize Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Songjia Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shaorong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
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20
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Zhuang H, Lu N, Ji N, Han F, Miao C. Bu
4
NHSO
4
‐Catalyzed Direct
N
‐Allylation of Pyrazole and its Derivatives with Allylic Alcohols in Water: A Metal‐Free, Recyclable and Sustainable System. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Zhuang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Lu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Na Ji
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Han
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxia Miao
- College of Chemistry and Material Science Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018 Shandong People's Republic of China
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21
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Ji J, Guan C, Wei Q, Chen X, Zhao Y, Liu S. Base-Induced Highly Regioselective Synthesis of N2-Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles under Mild Conditions in Air. Org Lett 2021; 24:132-136. [PMID: 34928620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We developed a highly regioselective base-induced synthesis of N2-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles from N-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles and alkyl bromides/alkyl iodides at room temperature. We propose an SN2-like mechanistic pathway to explain the high N2-regioselectivity. The protocol features a broad substrate scope and generates products in good to excellent yields (72-90%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cong Guan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Qinghua Wei
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xuwen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Shunying Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
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22
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Construction of C−C Axial Chirality via Asymmetric Carbene Insertion into Arene C−H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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23
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Li Z, Chen Y, Wang C, Xu G, Shao Y, Zhang X, Tang S, Sun J. Construction of C-C Axial Chirality via Asymmetric Carbene Insertion into Arene C-H Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25714-25718. [PMID: 34597448 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
By using diazonaphthoquinones and anilines as key reagents and through a point-to-axis chiral transfer strategy, the atroposelective synthesis via asymmetric C(sp2 )-H bond insertion reaction of arenes has been realized under rhodium catalysis, providing the resulting biaryl atropisomers in moderate to excellent yields with good enantiomeric ratios (up to 99:1). Further elaboration indicates this type of axially biaryl scaffold may have promising potentials in developing novel chiral ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
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24
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Zhao Y, Mandal D, Guo J, Wu Y, Stephan DW. B(C 6F 5) 3-Catalyzed site-selective N1-alkylation of benzotriazoles with diazoalkanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7758-7761. [PMID: 34254070 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03048e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alkylation of benzotriazoles is synthetically challenging, often leading to mixtures of N1 and N2 alkylation. Herein, metal-free catalytic site-selective N1-alkylation of benzotriazoles with diazoalkanes is described in the presence of 10 mol% of B(C6F5)3. These reactions provide N1-alkylated benzotriazoles in good to excellent yields and this protocol is successfully adapted to gram-scale syntheses as well as a derivative with antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunbo Zhao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Dipendu Mandal
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yile Wu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, China. and Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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25
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Wang K, Liu Z, Xu G, Shao Y, Tang S, Chen P, Zhang X, Sun J. Chemo‐ and Enantioselective Insertion of Furyl Carbene into the N−H Bond of 2‐Pyridones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Ziye Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
| | - Ping Chen
- Shenzhen Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd. (XtalPi) Shenzhen 518000 China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology School of Petrochemical Engineering Changzhou University 1 Gehu Road 213164 Changzhou China
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26
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Wang K, Liu Z, Xu G, Shao Y, Tang S, Chen P, Zhang X, Sun J. Chemo- and Enantioselective Insertion of Furyl Carbene into the N-H Bond of 2-Pyridones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16942-16946. [PMID: 34038015 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric carbene insertion reactions represent one of the most important protocols to construct carbon-heteroatom bonds. The use of donor-acceptor diazo compounds bearing an ester group is however a prerequisite for achieving high enantioselectivity. Herein, we report a chemo- and enantioselective formal N-H insertion of 2-pyridones that has been accomplished for the first time with enynones as the donor-donor carbene precursors. DFT calculations indicate an unprecedented enantioselective 1,4-proton transfer from O to C. The rhodium catalyst provides a chiral pocket in which the steric repulsion and the π-π interaction of the propeller ligand play a critical role in determining the selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ziye Liu
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Shenzhen Jingtai Technology Co., Ltd. (XtalPi), Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogeomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, 1 Gehu Road, 213164, Changzhou, China
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27
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Bera S, Biswas A, Samanta R. Straightforward Construction and Functionalizations of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles Through Migratory Insertion of Metal-Carbenes/Nitrenes. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3411-3428. [PMID: 33913245 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocycles are widely found in various biologically active substrates, pharmaceuticals, natural products and organic materials. Consequently, the continuous effort has been devoted towards the development of straightforward, economical, environmentally acceptable, efficient and ingenious methods for the synthesis of various N-containing heterocycles and their functionalizations. Arguably, one of the most prominent direct strategy is regioselective C-H bond functionalizations which provide the step and atom economical approaches in the presence of suitable coupling partners. In this context, site-selective migratory insertion of metal carbenes/nitrenes to the desired C-H bonds has proven as a useful tool to access various functionalized nitrogen heterocycles. In this personal account, we highlight some of our contemporary development toward constructing N-containing heterocycles and their direct functionalizations via transition metal catalysed C-H bond functionalizations based on migratory insertion of metal-carbenes and nitrenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Aniruddha Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajarshi Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
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28
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Kong L, Han X, Chen H, Sun H, Lan Y, Li X. Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective Remote C–H Alkylation of Protic Indoles. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingheng Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Xi Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Haohua Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Huaming Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
| | - Yu Lan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, China
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29
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30
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Zhang L, An K, Wang Y, Wu YD, Zhang X, Yu ZX, He W. A Combined Computational and Experimental Study of Rh-Catalyzed C-H Silylation with Silacyclobutanes: Insights Leading to a More Efficient Catalyst System. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:3571-3582. [PMID: 33621095 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The study of new C-H silylation reagents and reactions remains an important topic. We reported that under Rh catalysis, silacyclobutanes (SCBs) for the first time were able to react with C(sp2)-H and C(sp3)-H bonds, however the underlying reasons for such a new reactivity were not understood. Through this combined computational and experimental study on C-H silylation with SCBs, we not only depict a reaction pathway that fully accounts for the reactivity and all the experimental findings but also streamline a more efficient catalyst that significantly improves the reaction rates and yields. Our key findings include: (1) the active catalytic species is a [Rh]-H as opposed to the previously proposed [Rh]-Cl; (2) the [Rh]-H is generated via a reductive elimination/β-hydride (β-H) elimination sequence, as opposed to previously proposed endocyclic β-H elimination; (3) the regio- and enantio-determining steps are identified; (4) and of the same importance, the discretely synthesized [Rh]-H is shown to be a more efficient catalyst. This work suggests that the [Rh]-H/diphosphine system should find further applications in C-H silylations involving SCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxing Zhang
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Kun An
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yun-Dong Wu
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinhao Zhang
- Lab of Computational Chemistry and Drug Design, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Tsinghua-Peking Joint Centers for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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31
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Ji X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Han Y, Peng H, Li F, Liu L. Catalyst-free synthesis of α,α-disubstituted carboxylic acid derivatives under ambient conditions via a Wolff rearrangement reaction. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01265g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP)-promoted Wolff rearrangement reaction was developed, delivering various α,α-disubstituted carboxylic acid derivatives in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ji
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yazhe Han
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Huiling Peng
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhu Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
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32
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Zhu JL, Tsai YT. Rhodium-Catalyzed Aerobic Decomposition of 1,3-Diaryl-2-diazo-1,3-diketones: Mechanistic Investigation and Application to the Synthesis of Benzils. J Org Chem 2021; 86:813-828. [PMID: 33395740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of 1,3-diaryl-2-diazo-1,3-diketones to 1,2-daryl-1,2-diketones (benzils) is reported based on a rhodium(II)-catalyzed aerobic decomposition process. The reaction occurs at ambient temperatures and can be catalyzed by a few dirhodium carboxylates (5 mol %) under a balloon pressure of oxygen. Moreover, an oxygen atom from the O2 reagent is shown to be incorporated into the product, and this is accompanied by the extrusion of a carbonyl unit from the starting materials. Mechanistically, it is proposed that the decomposition may proceed via the interaction of a ketene intermediate resulting from a Wolff rearrangement of the carbenoid, with a rhodium peroxide or peroxy radical species generated upon the activation of molecular oxygen. The proposed mechanism has been supported by the results from a set of controlled experiments. By using this newly developed strategy, a large array of benzil derivatives as well as 9,10-phenanthrenequinone were synthesized from the corresponding diazo substrates in varying yields. On the other hand, the method did not allow the generation of benzocyclobutene-1,2-dione from 2-diazo-1,3-indandione because of the difficulty of inducing the initial rearrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Liang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, No. 1, Sec. 2, Da Hsueh Rd., Shoufeng, Hualien 97401, Taiwan, ROC
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33
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Koronatov AN, Afanaseva KK, Sakharov PA, Rostovskii NV, Khlebnikov AF, Novikov MS. Rh(ii)-Catalyzed denitrogenative 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole-1-alkyl-1,2,3-triazole cross-coupling as a route to 3-sulfonamido-1H-pyrroles and 1,2,3-triazol-3-ium ylides. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01571g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of 1-alkyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles with rhodium(ii) azavinyl carbenes, generated from 1-sulfonyl-1H-1,2,3-triazoles, was utilized to prepare 3-sulfonamido-1H-pyrroles and 1,2,3-triazol-3-ium ylides in good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pavel A. Sakharov
- St Petersburg State University
- Institute of Chemistry
- St Petersburg
- Russia
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34
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Tang S, Yu J, Shao Y, Sun J. Scandium-catalyzed highly selective N2-alkylation of benzotriazoles with cyclohexanones. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A scandium-catalyzed highly N2-selective alkylation of benzotriazoles with cyclohexanones has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Jianliang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology
- School of Petrochemical Engineering
- Changzhou University
- Changzhou 213164
- China
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35
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Liu J, Xu G, Tang S, Chen Q, Sun J. Site-Selective Functionalization of 7-Azaindoles via Carbene Transfer and Isolation of N-Aromatic Zwitterions. Org Lett 2020; 22:9376-9380. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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36
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Koronatov AN, Rostovskii NV, Khlebnikov AF, Novikov MS. Synthesis of 3-Alkoxy-4-Pyrrolin-2-ones via Rhodium(II)-Catalyzed Denitrogenative Transannulation of 1H-1,2,3-Triazoles with Diazo Esters. Org Lett 2020; 22:7958-7963. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Koronatov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Rostovskii
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Alexander F. Khlebnikov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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37
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Yang J, Duan J, Wang G, Zhou H, Ma B, Wu C, Xiao J. Visible-Light-Promoted Site-Selective N1-Alkylation of Benzotriazoles with α-Diazoacetates. Org Lett 2020; 22:7284-7289. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiaokui Duan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ganggang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
- College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Chengqi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianliang Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, United Kingdom
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38
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39
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Li H, Gao W, Huang X, Zhou Y, Liu M, Wu H. Cu(I)/KOH‐Promoted Condensation between
o
‐Arylenediamines and Nitroarenes to Access 2‐Aryl‐2
H
‐Benzotriazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Chen Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Xia Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Bo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun‐Bing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Miao‐Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
| | - Hua‐Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials EngineeringWenzhou University Wenzhou 325035 People's Republic of China
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40
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Im J, Shin SI, Cho CG, Shin S. Aminooxygenation of Ynamides with N-Hydroxybenzotriazoles: Synthesis of α-Benzotriazolyl Carbonyl Compounds. J Org Chem 2020; 85:6935-6950. [PMID: 32316727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Addition of N-hydroxybenzotriazoles to ynamides causes spontaneous rearrangement, resulting in α-benzotriazolyl imides. The transformation proceeded at rt in the absence of any catalyst but could be efficiently catalyzed by Zn(OTf)2. Crossover experiments confirmed that the rearrangement is an intramolecular process, most likely via a concerted mechanism. However, heating the mixture above 110 °C resulted in isomerization of N2 into N1 product, via heterolytic C-N bond dissociation. This tandem addition-rearrangement sequence provides an efficient and atom-economical synthetic route for the synthesis of α-benzotriazolyl carbonyl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jangbin Im
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Sang Ik Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Cheon-Gyu Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS) and Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
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41
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Cui M, Guo X, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Halide Effects on the Stability of Osmium Indenylidene Complexes: Isolation, Characterization, and Reactivities. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xueying Guo
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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42
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Zhu LL, Tian L, Cai B, Liu G, Zhang H, Wang Y. Diamine-mediated N 2-selective β-selenoalkylation of triazoles with alkenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2979-2982. [PMID: 32077882 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00601g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A N2-selective β-selenoalkylation of 1,2,3-triazoles with alkenes mediated by diamines has been developed. The reaction proceeds presumably via the interaction of diamines with both the triazole moiety and selenium/alkene complex to construct a U-shaped reaction intermediate. This activation mode will block the N1 position on triazoles and thus favor the N2-selective selenoamination. This stereospecific anti-addition method enables an efficient N2-selective β-selenoalkylation of 1,2,3-triazoles under mild and open-air conditions and might find applications in the synthesis of biologically active molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Lifang Tian
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Bin Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Guanglu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhoukou Normal University, Wenchang Road, Zhoukou, 466001, China.
| | - Yahui Wang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis (IAS), School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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43
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Sergeieva T, Hamlin TA, Okovytyy S, Breit B, Bickelhaupt FM. Ligand-Mediated Regioselective Rhodium-Catalyzed Benzotriazole-Allene Coupling: Mechanistic Exploration and Quantum Chemical Analysis. Chemistry 2020; 26:2342-2348. [PMID: 31778591 PMCID: PMC7064967 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ligand‐controlled rhodium‐catalyzed regioselective coupling of 1,2,3‐benzotriazoles and allenes was investigated by DFT calculations. Because allylation can occur at either the N1 or N2 position of the 1,2,3‐benzotriazole, the complete Gibbs free energy profiles for both pathways were computed. A kinetic preference emerged for the experimentally observed N1 allylation with the JoSPOphos ligand, whereas N2 allylation was favored with DPEphos. Analysis of the regiodetermining oxidative addition step by using the activation strain model in conjunction with a matching energy decomposition analysis has revealed that the unprecedented N2 reaction regioselectivity is dictated by the strength of the electrostatic interactions between the 1,2,3‐benzotriazole and the rhodium catalyst. The nature of the electrostatic interaction was rationalized by analysis of the electrostatic potential maps and Hirshfeld charges: a stabilizing electrostatic interaction was found between the key atoms involved in the oxidative addition for the N2 pathway, analogous interactions are weaker in the N1 case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetiana Sergeieva
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.,Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trevor A Hamlin
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sergiy Okovytyy
- Department of Chemistry, Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, 72 Gagarina Avn., 49000, Dnipro, Ukraine
| | - Bernhard Breit
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 21, 79104, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - F Matthias Bickelhaupt
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling (ACMM), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute for Molecules and Materials (IMM), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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44
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Ruan W, Yang T, Shi C, Bai W, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Lin Z, Jia G. Substituent Effect on the Reactions of OsCl2(PPh3)3 with o-Ethynylphenyl Carbonyl Compounds. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Ruan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tilong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chuan Shi
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Bai
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Herman H. Y. Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ian D. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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45
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Stivanin ML, Fernandes AAG, Silva AF, Okada CY, Jurberg ID. Blue Light‐Promoted N−H Insertion of Carbazoles, Pyrazoles and 1,2,3‐Triazoles into Aryldiazoacetates. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus L. Stivanin
- State University of CampinasInstitute of Chemistry. Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 13083-862 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Alessandra A. G. Fernandes
- State University of CampinasInstitute of Chemistry. Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 13083-862 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Amanda F. Silva
- State University of CampinasInstitute of Chemistry. Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 13083-862 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Celso Y. Okada
- State University of CampinasInstitute of Chemistry. Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 13083-862 Campinas, SP Brazil
| | - Igor D. Jurberg
- State University of CampinasInstitute of Chemistry. Rua Monteiro Lobato 270 13083-862 Campinas, SP Brazil
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46
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Yahata K, Kaneko Y, Akai S. Cobalt-Catalyzed Intermolecular Markovnikov Hydroamination of Nonactivated Olefins: N2-Selective Alkylation of Benzotriazole. Org Lett 2020; 22:598-603. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenzo Yahata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kaneko
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shuji Akai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, 1-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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47
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Herndon JW. The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2018. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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48
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Wu W, Chen Y, Li M, Hu W, Lin X. Access to Polysubstituted (Furyl)methylthioethers via a Base-Promoted S-H Insertion Reaction of Conjugated Enynones. J Org Chem 2019; 84:14529-14539. [PMID: 31590485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and applicable approach to the construction of diverse functionalized (2-furyl)methylthioether derivatives via base-promoted S-H insertion of conjugated enynones with thiophenols or thiols has been developed. This reaction features readily available starting materials, high atom economy, broad substrate scope, and versatile operation. Moreover, the synthetic utility of this method has been demonstrated by the efficient synthesis of the CNKSPR1 inhibitor precursor and late-stage functionalization of glutathione.
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49
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Xiong M, Liang X, Gao Z, Lei A, Pan Y. Synthesis of Isoxazolines and Oxazines by Electrochemical Intermolecular [2 + 1 + n] Annulation: Diazo Compounds Act as Radical Acceptors. Org Lett 2019; 21:9300-9305. [PMID: 31713430 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reported herein is an unprecedented synthesis of isoxazolines and oxazines through electrochemical intermolecular annulation of alkenes with tert-butyl nitrite, in which diazo compounds serve as radical acceptors. Notably, [2 + 1 + 2] and [2 + 1 + 3] annulations occur when styrenes and allylbenzenes are used as substrates, respectively. The latter reaction undergoes group migration to form more stable radical, manifesting radical route instead of conventional 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition occurs. Moreover, scale-up experiments suggest the potential application value of these transformations in industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingteng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , P. R. China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , P. R. China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , P. R. China
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , Zhejiang , P. R. China
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50
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Zhu C, Zeng H, Chen F, Liu C, Jiang H. Copper‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Aryl Amines and Aryldiazonium Salts under Air: Access to
N
‐2‐Aryl‐Naphthotriazoles. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanle Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China
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