1
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Wang J, Pan D, Wang F, Yu S, Huang G, Li X. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric Larock reaction for the atroposelective synthesis of N─N chiral indoles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eado4489. [PMID: 38728391 PMCID: PMC11086601 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado4489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Atropisomeric indoles defined by a N─N axis are an important class of heterocycles in synthetic and medicinal chemistry and material sciences. However, they remain heavily underexplored due to limited synthetic methods and challenging stereocontrol over the short N─N bonds. Here, we report highly atroposelective access to N─N axially chiral indoles via the asymmetric Larock reaction. This protocol leveraged the powerful role of chiral phosphoramidite ligand to attenuate the common ligand dissociation in the original Larock reaction, forming N─N chiral indoles with excellent functional group tolerance and high enantioselectivity via palladium-catalyzed intermolecular annulation between readily available o-iodoaniline and alkynes. The multifunctionality in the prepared chiral indoles allowed diverse post-coupling synthetic transformations, affording a broad array of functionalized chiral indoles. Experimental and computational studies have been conducted to explore the reaction mechanism, elucidating the enantio-determining and rate-limiting steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, (China)
| | - Deng Pan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, (China)
| | - Fen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, (China)
| | - Songjie Yu
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, (China)
| | - Genping Huang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, (China)
| | - Xingwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University (SNNU), Xi’an 710062, (China)
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, (China)
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2
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Wang JY, Gao CH, Ma C, Wu XY, Ni SF, Tan W, Shi F. Design and Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Furan-Indole Compounds Bearing both Axial and Central Chirality. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316454. [PMID: 38155472 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
In the chemistry community, catalytic asymmetric synthesis of furan-based compounds bearing both axial and central chirality has proven to be a significant but challenging issue owing to the importance and difficulty in constructing such frameworks. In this work, we have realized the first catalytic asymmetric synthesis of five-five-membered furan-based compounds bearing both axial and central chirality via organocatalytic asymmetric (2+4) annulation of achiral furan-indoles with 2,3-indolyldimethanols with uncommon regioselectivity. By this strategy, furan-indole compounds bearing both axial and central chirality were synthesized in high yields with excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivities. Moreover, theoretical calculations were conducted to provide an in-depth understanding of the reaction pathway, activation mode, and the origin of the selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Cong-Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Xin-Yue Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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3
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Zhang HH, Li TZ, Liu SJ, Shi F. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Atropisomers Bearing Multiple Chiral Elements: An Emerging Field. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311053. [PMID: 37917574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of asymmetric catalysis, the demand for the enantioselective synthesis of complex and diverse molecules with different chiral elements is increasing. Owing to the unique features of atropisomerism, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers has attracted a considerable interest from the chemical science community. In particular, introducing additional chiral elements, such as carbon centered chirality, heteroatomic chirality, planar chirality, and helical chirality, into atropisomers provides an opportunity to incorporate new properties into axially chiral compounds, thus expanding the potential applications of atropisomers. Thus, it is important to perform catalytic asymmetric transformations to synthesize atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements. In spite of challenges in such transformations, in recent years, chemists have devised powerful strategies under asymmetric organocatalysis or metal catalysis, synthesizing a wide range of enantioenriched atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements. Therefore, the catalytic asymmetric synthesis of atropisomers bearing multiple chiral elements has become an emerging field. This review summarizes the rapid progress in this field and indicates challenges, thereby promoting this field to a new horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Tian-Zhen Li
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Si-Jia Liu
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
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4
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Zhu LY, Sun J, Liu D, Yan CG. Construction of diverse spirooxindoles via a domino reaction of arylamines, but-2-ynedioates and 3-hydroxy-3-(indol-3-yl)indolin-2-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9392-9397. [PMID: 37981814 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01560b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
An iodine-promoted domino reaction of arylamines/benzylamines, dialkyl but-2-ynedioates and 3-hydroxy-3-(indol-3-yl)indolin-2-ones showed very interesting molecular diversity. The reaction in acetonitrile at 65 °C in the presence of 30% mmol I2 resulted in spiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles] in satisfactory yields. When anilines without para-substituents were used in the reaction, a direct substitution of the hydroxyl group to 2-(phenylamino)maleate at the para-position of aniline gave chain products in good yields. Additionally, similar reactions with benzylamines not only gave spiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrido[4,3-b]indoles], but also afforded spiro[indoline-3,1'-pyrano[4,3-b]indol]-2-ones in lower yields. A plausible domino annulation mechanism was rationally proposed for the formation of different kinds of polycyclic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Jing Sun
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
| | - Chao-Guo Yan
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225002, China.
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5
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Arjun V, Jeganmohan M. Chiral Transient Ligand Enabled Enantioselective Synthesis of Atropisomers Decorated with Unactivated Olefins via a Palladium-Catalyzed C-H Olefination. Org Lett 2023; 25:7606-7611. [PMID: 37843003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Herein, atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral biaryls with unactivated olefins by a palladium-catalyzed C-H olefination using a chiral transient directing group strategy has been disclosed. This protocol is well compatible with a variety of biaryl-2-aldehydes as well as various olefins such as allyl sulfonamides and allyl sulfones to provide the atroposelective olefinated products in synthetically useful yields with excellent enantioselectivities up to >99% ee. In addition, a wide number of axially chiral biaryl alcohols were synthesized by the simple diversification of the products in excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivel Arjun
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Masilamani Jeganmohan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
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6
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Rodríguez-Franco C, Ros A, Merino P, Fernández R, Lassaletta JM, Hornillos V. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution of Indole-Based Sulfenylated Heterobiaryls by Rhodium-Catalyzed Atroposelective Reductive Aldol Reaction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:12134-12141. [PMID: 37745194 PMCID: PMC10513111 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A highly enantio- and diastereoselective dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of configurationally labile 3-aryl indole-2-carbaldehydes is described. The DKR proceeds via a Rh-catalyzed intermolecular asymmetric reductive aldol reaction with acrylate esters, with simultaneous generation of three stereogenic elements. The strategy relies on the labilization of the stereogenic axis that takes place thanks to a transient Lewis acid-base interaction (LABI) between the formyl group and a thioether moiety strategically located at the ortho' position. The atropisomeric indole products present a high degree of functionalization and can be further converted to a series of axially chiral derivatives, thereby expanding their potential application in drug discovery and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rodríguez-Franco
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Abel Ros
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pedro Merino
- Instituto
de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosario Fernández
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José M. Lassaletta
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Valentín Hornillos
- Instituto
de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US) and Centro de Innovación
en Química Avanzada (ORFEO−CINQA), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Universidad
de Sevilla and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada
(ORFEO−CINQA), C/Prof. García González, 1, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
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7
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Roos CB, Chiang CH, Murray LAM, Yang D, Schulert L, Narayan ARH. Stereodynamic Strategies to Induce and Enrich Chirality of Atropisomers at a Late Stage. Chem Rev 2023; 123:10641-10727. [PMID: 37639323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers, where chirality arises from restricted rotation around a single bond, are atropisomers. Due to the unique nature of the origins of their chirality, synthetic strategies to access these compounds in an enantioselective manner differ from those used to prepare enantioenriched compounds containing point chirality arising from an unsymmetrically substituted carbon center. In particular stereodynamic transformations, such as dynamic kinetic resolutions, thermodynamic dynamic resolutions, and deracemizations, which rely on the ability to racemize or interconvert enantiomers, are a promising set of transformations to prepare optically pure compounds in the late stage of a synthetic sequence. Translation of these synthetic approaches from compounds with point chirality to atropisomers requires an expanded toolbox for epimerization/racemization and provides an opportunity to develop a new conceptual framework for the enantioselective synthesis of these compounds.
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8
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Kim A, Lee C, Song J, Lee SK, Kwon Y. All-round catalytic and atroposelective strategy via dynamic kinetic resolution for N-/2-/3-arylindoles. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5502. [PMID: 37679348 PMCID: PMC10485016 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As the complexity of organic molecules utilized by mankind increases, the phenomenon of atropisomerism is more frequently encountered. While a variety of well-established methods enable the control of a stereogenic center, a catalytic method for controlling a stereogenic axis in one substrate is typically unavailable for controlling axial chirality in other substrates with a similar structure. Herein, we report o-amidobiaryl as a flexible platform for chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed atroposelective dynamic kinetic resolution. To demonstrate our strategy, three distinct types of arylindoles were utilized and reacted intermolecularly with ketomalonate in the presence of chiral phosphoric acid. An investigation of 46 substrates having an aromatic ring in different positions yields the desired products with excellent enantioselectivities. Computational investigation into the origin of enantioselectivity highlights the importance of the NH group. Given the biological significance of indoles, antiproliferative effects have been investigated; our scaffold exhibits good efficacy in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayoung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Kwon
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Zhang ZX, Liu LG, Liu YX, Lin J, Lu X, Ye LW, Zhou B. Organocatalytic intramolecular (4 + 2) annulation of enals with ynamides: atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral 7-aryl indolines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5918-5924. [PMID: 37293635 PMCID: PMC10246658 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01880f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Catalytic enantioselective transformation of alkynes has become a powerful tool for the synthesis of axially chiral molecules. Most of these atroposelective reactions of alkynes rely on transition-metal catalysis, and the organocatalytic approaches are largely limited to special alkynes which act as the precursors of Michael acceptors. Herein, we disclose an organocatalytic atroposelective intramolecular (4 + 2) annulation of enals with ynamides. This method allows the efficient and highly atom-economical preparation of various axially chiral 7-aryl indolines in generally moderate to good yields with good to excellent enantioselectivities. Computational studies were carried out to elucidate the origins of regioselectivity and enantioselectivity. Furthermore, a chiral phosphine ligand derived from the synthesized axially chiral 7-aryl indoline was proven to be potentially applicable to asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Li-Gao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yi-Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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10
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Tian Y, He D, Gao L, Zou Y, Liu X, Wang Q, Liang E, Zheng Y. Regioselective Reaction of 2-Indolylmethanols with Enamides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083341. [PMID: 37110576 PMCID: PMC10140953 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A highly regioselective reaction of 2-indolylmethanols with enamides has been developed at room temperature by using AlCl3 as a catalyst. A wide range of hybrids (40 examples) of indoles and enamides were obtained in moderate to good yields (up to 98% yield). This transformation represents the efficient way to introduce biologically important indoles and enamides skeleton into structurally complex hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dongqing He
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Limei Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Enxiang Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, China
| | - Yongsheng Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
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11
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Chen Y, Yan YH, Zhu BH, Chen F, Li L, Qian PC. Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclization/Direct C(sp 2)-H Annulation of Azide-Ynamides via α-Imino Copper Carbenes: Access to Azepino[2,3- b:4,5- b']diindoles. Org Lett 2023; 25:2063-2067. [PMID: 36939559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
A novel copper-catalyzed tandem cyclization/direct C(sp2)-H annulation of phenyl azide-ynamides via α-imino copper carbenes has been developed, which provides a concise and flexible approach for the construction of a range of valuable azepino[2,3-b:4,5-b']diindoles in mostly good to excellent yields with high chemoselectivities. This tandem reaction also exhibits a broad substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, simple operation, and mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yao-Hong Yan
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bo-Han Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Fan Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Qian
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Technology and Application of Environmental Functional Materials, Institute of New Materials & Industry Technology, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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12
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Woldegiorgis AG, Gu H, Lin X. Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Styrenes Connecting an Axially Chiral Naphthyl-indole Moiety Using Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalysis. Org Lett 2023; 25:2068-2072. [PMID: 36940485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
The organocatalytic asymmetric reactions of C2-unsubstituted racemic naphthyl-indoles with orthoalkynylnaphthols were employed to synthesize axially chiral styrenes connected to an axially chiral naphthyl-indole unit. Utilizing chiral phosphoric acid as the catalyst, these axially chiral styrenes were prepared in good yields (up to 96%) and excellent stereoselectivity (up to >99.9% ee, >20:1 dr, and >99:1 E/Z) in mild conditions. Moreover, further synthetic transformations were achieved with high yields and excellent stereocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haorui Gu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xufeng Lin
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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13
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Wu P, Yu L, Gao CH, Cheng Q, Deng S, Jiao Y, Tan W, Shi F. Design and synthesis of axially chiral aryl-pyrroloindoles via the strategy of organocatalytic asymmetric (2 + 3) cyclization. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 3:237-248. [PMID: 38932922 PMCID: PMC11197731 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmre.2022.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The catalytic asymmetric construction of axially chiral indole-based frameworks is an important area of research due to the unique characteristics of such frameworks. Nevertheless, research in this area is still in its infancy and has some challenges, such as designing and constructing new classes of axially chiral indole-based scaffolds and developing their applications in chiral catalysts, ligands, etc. To overcome these challenges, we present herein the design and atroposelective synthesis of aryl-pyrroloindoles as a new class of axially chiral indole-based scaffolds via the strategy of organocatalytic asymmetric (2 + 3) cyclization between 3-arylindoles and propargylic alcohols. More importantly, this new class of axially chiral scaffolds was derived into phosphines, which served as efficient chiral ligands in palladium-catalyzed asymmetric reactions. Moreover, theoretical calculations provided an in-depth understanding of the reaction mechanism. This work offers a new strategy for constructing axially chiral indole-based scaffolds, which are promising for finding more applications in asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Lei Yu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Cong-Hui Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Shuang Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Yinchun Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Wei Tan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China
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14
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Chen ZH, Li TZ, Wang NY, Ma XF, Ni SF, Zhang YC, Shi F. Organocatalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of Axially Chiral N,N'-Bisindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300419. [PMID: 36749711 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study establishes the first organocatalytic enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed formal (3+2) cycloadditions of indole-based enaminones as novel platform molecules with 2,3-diketoesters, where de novo indole-ring formation is involved. Using this new strategy, various axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles were synthesized in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 87 % yield and 96 % ee). More importantly, this class of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles exhibited some degree of cytotoxicity toward cancer cells and was derived into axially chiral phosphine ligands with high catalytic activity. This study provides a new strategy for enantioselective synthesis of axially chiral N,N'-bisindoles using asymmetric organocatalysis and is the first to realize the applications of such scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Han Chen
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Tian-Zhen Li
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Ning-Yi Wang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Ma
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shao-Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China.,School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
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15
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Han Z, Wang W, Zhuang H, Wang J, Wang C, Wang J, Huang H, Sun J. Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of 2,3'-Bis(indolyl)methanes Bearing All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenters via 2-Indole Imine Methides. Org Lett 2023; 25:477-482. [PMID: 36641768 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
An organocatalytic enantioselective formal hydroarylation of 2-vinyl indoles for the preparation of enantioenriched 2,3'-bis(indolyl)methanes bearing an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter is described. This reaction features mild conditions, low catalyst loading, excellent efficiency and enantioselectivity. The obtained products showed promising anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Han
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Wenlong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Han Zhuang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianhao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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16
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Yu L, Liu J, Xiang S, Lu T, Ma P, Zhao Q. Silver-Catalyzed Direct Nucleophilic Cyclization: Enantioselective De Novo Synthesis of C-C Axially Chiral 2-Arylindoles. Org Lett 2023; 25:522-527. [PMID: 36652713 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Atropisomeric indoles widely exist in natural products, pharmaceuticals, functional materials, and catalysts for their featured biological activities, photoelectric properties, and catalytic activities, while facile and de novo construction of this motif remains underexplored. Herein, we report a chiral silver phosphate-catalyzed direct 5-endo-dig nucleophilic cyclization of 2-alkynylanilins under mild conditions, affording various C-C axially chiral 2-arylindoles in high to excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Control experiments implied the cooperative catalysis of AgOAc and chiral phosphoric acid, wherein the former accelerated the desired transformation while the latter improved the enantioselectivity. In addition, as the first example of silver-catalyzed enantioselective de novo synthesis of C-C axially chiral indole skeletons, synthetic applications and products' thermal stability have been investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Junjun Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Shiyu Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Taotao Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Qingyang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
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17
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Wang Y, Yan J, Jiang Y, Wei Z, Tu Z, Dong C, Lu T, Chen Y, Feng J. Atroposelective Amination of Indoles via Chiral Center Induced Chiral Axis Formation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27249008. [PMID: 36558141 PMCID: PMC9783779 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The construction of an N-C chiral axis for N-aryl indole derivatives is meaningful as they widely exist in functionalized molecules. This work provides a novel method for this purpose via amination of amino acid derivatives at the C2 position of the indole and chiral center induced chiral axis formation. The protocol of this transformation is easily accessible, not requiring metal or an organic chiral catalyst, endowing this method with great potential in the construction of axis chiral N-aryl indoles.
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18
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Wang HQ, Wu SF, Yang JR, Zhang YC, Shi F. Design and Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Indolyl-Pyrroloindoles Bearing Both Axial and Central Chirality. J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Qing Wang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Jun-Ru Yang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Research Center of Chiral Functional Heterocycles, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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19
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Atropoenantioselective synthesis of heterobiaryl N-oxides via dynamic kinetic resolution. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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20
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Deng YH, Qin L, Li R, Wang YB, Zhu JY, Fu JY, Zhang CB, Zhao L. Construction of an Axially Chiral Fluorene Nitrile-Based Framework via Benzannulation of Indene Diene with Benzoylacetonitrile. Org Lett 2022; 24:8277-8282. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c03179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hang Deng
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ran Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jun-Yan Zhu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Ji-Ya Fu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Functional Materials and Catalytic Reaction, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chuan-Bao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou Railway Vocational & Technical College, Zhengzhou 450052, China
- Key Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis and Chirotechnology of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lili Zhao
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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21
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Ahmad T, Khan S, Ullah N. Recent Advances in the Catalytic Asymmetric Friedel-Crafts Reactions of Indoles. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35446-35485. [PMID: 36249392 PMCID: PMC9558610 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized chiral indole derivatives are privileged and versatile organic frameworks encountered in numerous pharmaceutically active agents and biologically active natural products. The catalytic asymmetric Friedel-Crafts reaction of indoles, catalyzed by chiral metal complexes or chiral organocatalysts, is one of the most powerful and atom-economical approaches to access optically active indole derivatives. Consequently, a wide range of electrophilic partners including α,β-unsaturated ketones, esters, amides, imines, β,γ-unsaturated α-keto- and α-ketiminoesters, ketimines, nitroalkenes, and many others have been successfully employed to achieve a plethora of functionalized chiral indole moieties. In particular, strategies for C-H functionalization in the phenyl of indoles require incorporation of a directing or blocking group in the phenyl or azole ring of indole. The discovery of chiral catalysts which can control enantiodiscrimination has gained a great deal of attention in recent years. This review will provide an updated account on the application of the asymmetric Friedel-Crafts reaction of indoles in the synthesis of diverse chiral indole derivatives, covering the timeframe from 2011 to today.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tauqir Ahmad
- Chemistry
Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum
and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sardaraz Khan
- Chemistry
Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum
and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nisar Ullah
- Chemistry
Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum
and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- The
Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Zhang HH, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of Indole Derivatives Bearing Axial Chirality: Strategies and Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2562-2580. [PMID: 36053083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic atroposelective syntheses of axially chiral compounds have stimulated extensive interest in multiple communities, such as synthetic chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science, because of the intriguing characteristics of atropisomerism. In particular, atropisomeric indole derivatives, which contain a kind of five-membered heterocyclic framework, are widely distributed in a number of natural alkaloids, biologically relevant compounds, chiral ligands, and chiral organocatalysts. Hence, the catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality is of considerable importance and has become an emerging focus of research. However, there are substantial challenges associated with the atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives, including remote ortho-substituents around the chiral axis, a lower barrier for rotation, and a weaker configurational stability than that of atropisomeric six-membered biaryls. Therefore, the development of effective strategies toward the catalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives has become an urgent task.In order to tackle these challenges and to accomplish the task, our group devised a unique strategy of designing indole-derived platform molecules and developing organocatalytic enantioselective transformations of such platform molecules to synthesize atropisomeric indole derivatives; asymmetric organocatalysis has tremendous advantages and was the research area recognized by the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2021. This Account summarizes our endeavors in the organocatalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality. In brief, we devised and developed a series of indole-derived platform molecules, such as indolylmethanols, (hetero)aryl indoles, oxindole-based styrenes, N-aminoindoles, and indole-based homophthalic anhydrides, by introducing different functional groups onto the indole ring to achieve new reactivity and modulate the reactive site of the indole ring. As a result, these indole-derived platform molecules possess versatile and unique reactivity and are capable of undergoing a variety of organocatalytic enantioselective transformations for preparing structurally diversified indole derivatives with axial chirality.We used these strategies to accomplish the atroposelective synthesis of plenty of indole derivatives with axial chirality, including (hetero)aryl indoles, alkene-indoles, oxindole-based styrenes, N-pyrrolylindoles, and isochromenone-indoles. In addition, we gave a thorough and detailed understanding of the designed reaction by investigating the reaction pathway and activation mode. More importantly, we studied the biological activity of some products and performed catalyst design on the basis of atropisomeric indole moieties, which are helpful for disclosing more applications of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality.In the future, the organocatalytic atroposelective synthesis of indole derivatives bearing axial chirality will indubitably remain a frontier topic in the research area of asymmetric catalysis and chiral indole chemistry despite challenging issues, for instance, the atroposelective synthesis of novel indole derivatives bearing an unconventional chiral axis, the development of atropisomeric indole derivatives into powerful catalysts or ligands, and the discovery of atroposelective indole derivatives as potent drug candidates. We hope our efforts summarized in this Account will encourage chemists worldwide to devise innovative strategies toward solving the challenging issues that remain in this field, thus promoting its development to a higher level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hao Zhang
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road No. 21, Wujin District, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Gehu Road No. 21, Wujin District, Changzhou 213164, China.,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Shanghai Road No. 101, Tongshan District, Xuzhou 221116, China
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23
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Hang QQ, Wu SF, Yang S, Wang X, Zhong Z, Zhang YC, Shi F. Design and catalytic atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral isochromenone-indoles. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1363-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Liang PY, Shi S, Xu XX, Zhang HR, Che Z, Lu K, Yan CX, Jin NZ, Zhou PP. Organocatalytic synthesis of chiral allene catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid via asymmetric 1,8-addition of indole imine methide: Mechanism and origin of enantioselectivity. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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25
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Liao H, Miñoza S, Lee S, Rueping M. Aza‐
Ortho
‐Quinone Methides as Reactive Intermediates: Generation and Utility in Contemporary Asymmetric Synthesis. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201112. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan‐Hung Liao
- Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU) 70 Lien-hai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan, (R.O.C
| | - Shinje Miñoza
- Department of Chemistry National Sun Yat-sen University (NSYSU) 70 Lien-hai Rd. Kaohsiung 80424 Taiwan, (R.O.C
| | - Shao‐Chi Lee
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
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26
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Qin J, Zhou T, Zhou TP, Tang L, Zuo H, Yu H, Wu G, Wu Y, Liao RZ, Zhong F. Catalytic Atroposelective Electrophilic Amination of Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205159. [PMID: 35612900 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Reported here is the first catalytic atroposelective electrophilic amination of indoles, which delivers functionalized atropochiral N-sulfonyl-3-arylaminoindoles with excellent optical purity. This reaction was furnished by 1,6-nucleophilic addition to p-quinone diimines. Control experiments suggest an ionic mechanism that differs from the radical addition pathway commonly proposed for 1,6-addition to quinones. The origin of 1,6-addition selectivity was investigated through computational studies. Preliminary studies show that the obtained 3-aminoindoles atropisomers exhibit anticancer activities. This method is valuable with respect to enlarging the toolbox for atropochiral amine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Qin
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tai-Ping Zhou
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Langyu Tang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Honghua Zuo
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huaibin Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guojiao Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan, 430074, China
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27
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Liu J, Li Q, Shao Y, Sun J. Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral C2-Arylindoles via Rhodium-Catalyzed Asymmetric C-H Bond Insertion. Org Lett 2022; 24:4670-4674. [PMID: 35730740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A highly efficient rhodium-catalyzed formal C-H insertion reaction between indoles and 1-diazonaphthoquinones has been established, providing a novel protocol for the atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral C2-arylindoles (up to 99:1 er) under mild reaction conditions. Typically, only 1 mol % of Rh2(S-PTTL)4 is used and the chelation group is not needed for this conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Qiongya Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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28
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Bag D, Sawant SD. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization-Indole Addition Cascade: Synthesis of 3(2 H)-Furanone-Incorporated Unsymmetrical 3,3'- Bis(indolyl)methanes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4930-4934. [PMID: 35776425 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented Au(I)-catalyzed domino intramolecular carbonyl-alkyne cyclization/indole addition strategy has been disclosed here. This generalized strategy enables the synthesis of 3(2H)-furanone-incorporated unsymmetrical bis(indolyl)methanes with generation of a stereocenter at the furanone junction from easily accessible indole-tethered ynediones. In addition, this present protocol could also be extended for the synthesis of a number of indolyl-(hetero)arylmethanes by employing a variety of (hetero)arenes as a nucleophile coupling partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Bag
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu & Kashmir, 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sanghapal D Sawant
- Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu & Kashmir, 180001, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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29
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Liu RM, Zhang M, Han XX, Liu XL, Pan BW, Tian YP, Peng LJ, Yuan WC. Catalytic asymmetric Michael/cyclization reaction of 3-isothiocyanato thiobutyrolactone: an approach to the construction of a library of bispiro[pyrazolone-thiobutyrolactone] skeletons. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5060-5065. [PMID: 35703322 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00773h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we demonstrate the first example of 3-isothiocyanato thiobutyrolactone serving as a useful building block in the Michael/cyclization reaction with alkylidene pyrazolones for the enantioselective construction of optically active structural bispiro[pyrazolone-thiobutyrolactone] skeletons containing three contiguous stereocenters with two spiroquaternary stereocenters. These products were smoothly afforded in up to 90% yield, >20 : 1 dr and >99% ee with chiral squaramide as the catalyst under mild conditions. Notably, this is also the first example of the merger of a spirocyclic pyrazolone scaffold with a spirocyclic thiobutyrolactone scaffold, potentially useful in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Ming Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Min Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Xue Han
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Bo-Wen Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - You-Ping Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Cheng Yuan
- Innovation Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Institute for Advanced Study, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
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30
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Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Axially Chiral 3,3'‐Bisindoles by Direct Coupling of Indole Rings. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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31
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Qin J, Zhou T, Zhou T, Tang L, Zuo H, Yu H, Wu G, Wu Y, Liao RZ, Zhong F. Catalytic Atroposelective Electrophilic Amination of Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyang Qin
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Tong Zhou
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Taiping Zhou
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Langyu Tang
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Honghua Zuo
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Huaibin Yu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Guojiao Wu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Luoyu road 1037 430074 Wuhan CHINA
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32
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Cheng YL, Wu G, Zang YJ, Hu YY, Qin LZ, Wen X, Xu QL. Diversity synthesis of indole derivatives via catalyst control cyclization reaction of 2-indolylmethanols and azonaphthalene. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3930-3939. [PMID: 35504030 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00516f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of indole-fused scaffolds and derivatives was synthesized via the cyclization reaction of 2-indolylmethanols with azonaphthalene. These reactions were realized under mild reaction conditions through catalyst control, providing structurally diverse indole derivatives with moderate to excellent yields. This protocol also shows good substrate adaptability, especially in six-membered ring products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Long Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Guoqing Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yong-Jun Zang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yuan-Yang Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Lu-Zhe Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Xiaoan Wen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Qing-Long Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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33
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Chen KW, Chen ZH, Yang S, Wu SF, Zhang YC, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of N-N Axially Chiral Indoles and Pyrroles by De Novo Ring Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116829. [PMID: 35080808 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The first highly atroposelective construction of N-N axially chiral indole scaffolds was established via a new strategy of de novo ring formation. This strategy makes use of the organocatalytic asymmetric Paal-Knorr reaction of well-designed N-aminoindoles with 1,4-diketones, thus affording N-pyrrolylindoles in high yields and with excellent atroposelectivities (up to 98 % yield, 96 % ee). In addition, this strategy is applicable for the atroposelective synthesis of N-N axially chiral bispyrroles (up to 98 % yield, 97 % ee). More importantly, such N-N axially chiral heterocycles can be converted into chiral organocatalysts with applications in asymmetric catalysis, and some molecules display potent anticancer activity. This work not only provides a new strategy for the atroposelective synthesis of N-N axially chiral molecules but also offers new members of the N-N atropisomer family with promising applications in synthetic and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Zhi-Han Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Shu-Fang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
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34
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Zhang X, Li S, Yu W, Xie Y, Tung CH, Xu Z. Asymmetric Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition with Ir(I)/Squaramide Cooperative Catalysis: Atroposelective Synthesis of Axially Chiral Aryltriazoles. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6200-6207. [PMID: 35377624 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An Ir(I)/squaramide cooperative catalytic strategy for atroposelective synthesis of axially chiral aryltriazoles has been developed for the first time. Diverse structurally novel aryltriazole skeletons that cannot be accessed by traditional click reactions were synthesized in good yields with excellent enantioselectivity. Both enantiomers were easily obtained from a pair of diastereoisomeric natural quinidine- and quinine-derived squaramides. A significant Ir(I)/squaramide coordination activation, but no self-quenching phenomenon was observed in this metal/organo cooperative catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shunian Li
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yufang Xie
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhenghu Xu
- Key Lab for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, No. 27 South Shanda Road, Jinan 250100, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province, School of Science, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China
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35
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Guo WT, Zhu BH, Chen Y, Yang J, Qian PC, Deng C, Ye LW, Li L. Enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed Azide-Internal-Alkyne Cycloaddition for the Construction of Axially Chiral 1,2,3-Triazoles. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6981-6991. [PMID: 35394289 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Significant advances have been achieved for the construction of chiral skeletons containing 1,2,3-triazoles via transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric azide-alkyne cycloaddition; however, most of them have been limited to terminal alkynes in the synthesis of central chirality via desymmetrization and dynamic/dynamic kinetic resolution. Enantioselective transition-metal-catalyzed azide-internal-alkyne cycloaddition is extremely limited. Moreover, the construction of a challenging five-membered (hetero)biaryl axially chiral molecule via transition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric azide-internal-alkyne cycloaddition is still underexplored. Herein, we first report an atroposelective and atom-economical synthesis of axially chiral 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles, directly acting as core chiral units of challenging five-membered atropisomers, via the enantioselective Rh-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (E-RhAAC) of internal alkynes and azides. The reaction demonstrates excellent functional group tolerance, forging a variety of C-C axially chiral 1,2,3-triazoles under mild conditions with moderate to excellent yields (up to 99% yield) and generally high to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) along with specific regiocontrol. The origin of regio- and enantioselectivity control is disclosed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, providing new guidance for the facile construction of axially chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ting Guo
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Bo-Han Zhu
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jian Yang
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Qian
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science and Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Long-Wu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Long Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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36
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Liang D, Chen JR, Tan LP, He ZW, Xiao WJ. Catalytic Asymmetric Construction of Axially and Centrally Chiral Heterobiaryls by Minisci Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6040-6049. [PMID: 35322666 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Axially chiral biaryls and heterobiaryls constitute the most represented subclass of atropisomers with prevalence in natural products, bioactive compounds, privileged chiral ligand/catalysts, and optically pure materials. Despite many ionic protocols for their construction, radical-based variants represent another highly desirable and intriguing strategy but are far less developed. Moreover, efficient synthesis of axially chiral heterobiaryl molecules, especially ones having multiple heteroatoms and other types of chiral elements, through radical routes remains extremely limited. We herein disclose the first catalytic asymmetric, metal-free construction of axially and centrally chiral heterobiaryls by Minisci reaction of 5-arylpyrimidines and α-amino acid-derived redox-active esters. This is enabled by the use of 4CzIPN as an organic photoredox catalyst in conjunction with a chiral phosphoric acid catalyst. The reaction achieved a variety of interesting 5-arylpyrimidines featuring the union of an axially chiral heterobiaryl and a centrally chiral α-branched amine with generally excellent regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity (up to 82% yield; >19:1 dr; >99% ee). This finding also builds up a new platform for the development of desymmetrization methods via radical-involved atroposelective functionalization at heteroarene of prochiral heterobiaryls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liang
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Jia-Rong Chen
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Li-Ping Tan
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Zi-Wei He
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xiao
- CCNU-uOttawa Joint Research Centre, Key Laboratory of Pesticides & Chemical Biology Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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37
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Wang WN, Liu RM, Zhang L, Liu XL, Dai YF, Yu ZB, Peng LJ. Ring opening and skeletal reconstruction of 3-vinyl benzofuranone-chromone synthons: catalyst-free access to skeletally-diverse 2-pyridone and optically active imidazoline derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2227-2232. [PMID: 35237774 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein is reported the first example of ring opening and skeletal reconstruction of 3-vinyl benzofuranone-chromones 1 as versatile synthons, which can react with ammonia or primary aliphatic amines as binucleophiles, for the eco-friendly and atom-economical synthesis of diverse and functionalized 2-pyridones 3 with potential biological activity in good to excellent yields (77-93%). When using optically active 1,2-diphenylethylenediamine 2 as the binucleophile, the in situ generated 2-pyridone intermediates are successfully transformed to novel optically active functionalized imidazoline derivatives 4 with high efficiency (up to 87% yield). In particular, this is the first report on the catalyst-free intramolecular cyclization occurring between an amide and a primary aliphatic amine for the construction of imidazoline molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Na Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Ren-Ming Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Yi-Feng Dai
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Zhang-Biao Yu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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38
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Chen K, Chen Z, Yang S, Wu S, Zhang Y, Shi F. Organocatalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of N−N Axially Chiral Indoles and Pyrroles by De Novo Ring Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ke‐Wei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Zhi‐Han Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shuang Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Shu‐Fang Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Yu‐Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
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39
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40
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Liu S, Chen Z, Chen J, Ni S, Zhang Y, Shi F. Rational Design of Axially Chiral Styrene‐Based Organocatalysts and Their Application in Catalytic Asymmetric (2+4) Cyclizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Jia Liu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Zhi‐Han Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Jia‐Yi Chen
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province Shantou University Shantou 515063 China
| | - Shao‐Fei Ni
- Department of Chemistry Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province Shantou University Shantou 515063 China
| | - Yu‐Chen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
| | - Feng Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials of Jiangsu Province Jiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 221116 China
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41
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Organocatalytic cycloaddition of alkynylindoles with azonaphthalenes for atroposelective construction of indole-based biaryls. Nat Commun 2022; 13:632. [PMID: 35110529 PMCID: PMC8810779 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The axially chiral indole-aryl motifs are present in natural products and biologically active compounds as well as in chiral ligands. Atroposelective indole formation is an efficient method to construct indole-based biaryls. We report herein the result of a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed asymmetric cycloaddition of 3-alkynylindoles with azonaphthalenes. A class of indole-based biaryls were prepared efficiently with excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 98% yield, 99% ee). Control experiment and DFT calculations illustrate a possible mechanism in which the reaction proceeds via a dearomatization of indole to generate an allene-iminium intermediate, followed by an intramolecular aza-Michael addition. This approach provides a convergent synthetic strategy for enantioselective construction of axially chiral heterobiaryl backbones. There is great interest in methods for catalytic enantioselective construction of axially chiral compounds found in natural products. Here, the authors develop a cycloaddition strategy for atroposelective construction of indole-based biaryls via chiral phosphoric acid-catalysed cycloaddition.
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42
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Umemiya S, Lingqi K, Eto Y, Terada M. Chiral Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Enantioconvergent Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydrocarbazoles with Allenylsilanes from Racemic Indolylmethanols. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shigenobu Umemiya
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kong Lingqi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuno Eto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masahiro Terada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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43
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Li C, Zuo WF, Zhou J, Zhou WJ, Wang M, Li X, Zhan G, Huang W. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 3,4'-indole-pyrazole derivatives featuring axially chiral bis-pentatomic heteroaryls. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00021k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The atroposelective synthesis of bis-pentatomic heteroaryl systems is challenging due to the low rotation barrier and configurational instability of the 5,5-ring system. 3,4'-Indole-pyrazole is a bis-pentatomic heteroaryl scaffold existing in...
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44
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Yu XC, Zhang CC, Wang LT, Li JZ, Li T, Wei WT. The synthesis of seven- and eight-membered rings by radical strategies. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Radical strategies for preparation of seven- or eight-membered rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Chi Yu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Can-Can Zhang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Ling-Tao Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Jiao-Zhe Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Ting Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
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45
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Zhang H, Shi F. Advances in Catalytic Asymmetric Reactions Using 2-Indolylmethanols as Platform Molecules. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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46
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Chen H, Cui R, Zhang Y, Gao Y, Chen H. Synthesis of 3,3′-bisindoles via demethylenation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01010k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work provides a mild demethylenation for the synthesis of 3,3′-bisindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Ranran Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
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47
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Cen S, Zhang Z. Synthesis of Biphenanthrol-Based Confined Chiral Phosphoric Acid. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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48
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Nguyen NH, Oh SM, Park CM, Shin S. Ortho-selective C–H arylation of phenols with N-carboxyindoles under Brønsted acid- or Cu(i)-catalysis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1169-1176. [PMID: 35211284 PMCID: PMC8790926 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06157g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Control over chemo- and regioselectivity is a critical issue in the heterobiaryl synthesis via C–H oxidative coupling. To address this challenge, a strategy to invert the normal polarity of indoles in the heterobiaryl coupling was developed. With N-carboxyindoles as umpoled indoles, an exclusively ortho-selective coupling with phenols has been realized, employing a Brønsted acid- or Cu(i)-catalyst (as low as 0.01 mol%). A range of phenols and N-carboxyindoles coupled with exceptional efficiency and selectivity at ambient temperature and the substrates bearing redox-active aryl halides (–Br and –I) smoothly coupled in an orthogonal manner. Notably, preliminary examples of atropselective heterobiaryl coupling have been demonstrated, based on a chiral disulfonimide or a Cu(i)/chiral bisphosphine catalytic system. The reaction was proposed to occur through SN2′ substitution or a Cu(i)–Cu(iii) cycle, with Brønsted acid or Cu(i) catalysts, respectively. Control over chemo- and regioselectivity is a critical issue in the heterobiaryl synthesis via C–H oxidative coupling. To address this challenge, a strategy to invert the normal polarity of indoles was developed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen H. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Soo Min Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Cheol-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology), Ulsan 44919, Korea
| | - Seunghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Center for New Directions in Organic Synthesis (CNOS), Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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Zhang L, Quan W, Liu RM, Tian YP, Pan BW, Liu XL. Diastereoselective construction of a library of structural bispiro[butyrolactone/valerolactone-pyrrolidine-indanedione] hybrids via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01571d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a highly efficient strategy that allows the diversity synthesis of a library of structural bispiro[butyrolactone-pyrrolidine-indanedione] hybrids is achieved effectively by means of 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α,β-unsaturated butyrolactones/valerolactones as dipolarophiles...
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50
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Zhang L, Liu RM, Wang WN, Liu XL, Dai YF, Yu ZB, Peng LJ. 3-Vinyl oxindole-chromone synthon as a skeletal reconstruction reactant for the synthesis of 2-hydroxy benzoyl pyridones. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj06112g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The first example of 3-vinyl oxindole-chromones in the ring opening and recyclization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ren-Ming Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Wei-Na Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yi-Feng Dai
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhang-Biao Yu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Li-Jun Peng
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploition of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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