1
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Chen M, Ji M, Sha Y, Nozaki K, Tang S. Polyethylene Materials with Tunable Degradability by Incorporating In-Chain Mechanophores. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 39153185 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c07445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Polyolefins are recognized as fundamental plastic materials that are manufactured in the largest quantities among all synthetic polymers. The chemical inertness of the saturated hydrocarbon chains is crucial for storing and using polyolefin plastics, but poses significant environmental challenges related to plastic pollution. Here, we report a versatile approach to creating polyethylene materials with tunable degradability by incorporating in-chain mechanophores. Through palladium-catalyzed coordination/insertion copolymerization of ethylene with cyclobutene-fused comonomers, several cyclobutane-fused mechanophores were successfully incorporated with varied insertion ratios (0.35-26 mol %). The resulting polyethylene materials with in-chain mechanophores exhibit both high thermal stability and remarkable acid resistance. Upon mechanochemical activation by ultrasonication or ball-milling, degradable functional units (imide and ester groups) are introduced into the main polymer chain. The synergy of mechanochemical activation and acid hydrolysis facilitates the efficient degradation of high molecular weight polyethylene materials into telechelic oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Minghang Ji
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ye Sha
- Department of Chemistry and Material Science, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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2
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Wang Y, Lai J, Gao R, Gou Q, Li B, Zheng G, Zhang R, Yue Q, Song Z, Guo Z. Recent Advances in Nickel Catalysts with Industrial Exploitability for Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Monomers. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1676. [PMID: 38932025 PMCID: PMC11207433 DOI: 10.3390/polym16121676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers to produce functional polyolefins continues to be highly appealing due to its simple operation process and controllable product microstructure. Low-cost nickel catalysts have been extensively utilized in academia for the synthesis of polar polyethylenes. However, the development of high-temperature copolymerization catalysts suitable for industrial production conditions remains a significant challenge. Classified by the resultant copolymers, this review provides a comprehensive summary of the research progress in nickel complex catalyzed ethylene-polar monomer copolymerization at elevated temperatures in the past five years. The polymerization results of ethylene-methyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-tert-butyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-other fundamental polar monomer copolymers, and ethylene-special polar monomer copolymers are thoroughly summarized. The involved nickel catalysts include the phosphine-phenolate type, bisphosphine-monoxide type, phosphine-carbonyl type, phosphine-benzenamine type, and the phosphine-enolate type. The effective modulation of catalytic activity, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, melting point, and polar monomer incorporation ratio by these catalysts is concluded and discussed. It reveals that the optimization of the catalyst system is mainly achieved through the methods of catalyst structure rational design, extra additive introduction, and single-site catalyst heterogenization. As a result, some outstanding catalysts are capable of producing polar polyethylenes that closely resemble commercial products. To achieve industrialization, it is essential to further emphasize the fundamental science of high-temperature copolymerization systems and the application performance of resultant polar polyethylenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zifang Guo
- Department of Polyethylene, SINOPEC (Beijing) Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 100013, China; (J.L.); (R.G.); (Q.G.); (B.L.); (G.Z.); (R.Z.); (Q.Y.); (Z.S.)
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3
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Liu Y, Wang C, Mu H, Jian Z. Aqueous Coordination-Insertion Copolymerization for Producing High Molecular Weight Polar Polyolefins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404392. [PMID: 38548659 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Hydrocarbons, when used as the medium for transition metal catalyzed organic reactions and olefin (co-)polymerization, are ubiquitous. Environmentally friendly water is highly attractive and long-sought, but is greatly challenging as coordination-insertion copolymerization reaction medium of olefin and polar monomers. Unfavorable interactions from both water and polar monomer usually lead to either catalyst deactivation or the formation of low-molecular-weight polymers. Herein, we develop well-behaved neutral phosphinophenolato nickel catalysts, which enable aqueous copolymerization of ethylene and diverse polar monomers to produce significantly high-molecular-weight linear polar polyolefins (219-549 kDa, 0.13-1.29 mol %) in a single-component fashion under mild conditions for the first time. These copolymerization reactions occur better in water than in hydrocarbons such as toluene. The dual characteristics of high molecular weight and the incorporation of a small amount of functional group result in improved surface properties while retain the desirable intrinsic properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Hongliang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Renmin Street 5625, Changchun, 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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4
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Xue Z, Zhang N, Shi L, Luo G. Origins of Ligand-Controlled Stereoselective Polymerization of ortho-Methoxystyrene by Rare-Earth Catalysts: A Theoretical Perspective. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:9195-9203. [PMID: 38722730 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The stereoselective polymerization of polar vinyl monomers has recently received much attention due to their excellent physicochemical properties. Over the past decade, breakthroughs have been achieved in this field by rare-earth catalysts. However, the mechanistic origins of those stereoselective polymerizations still remain unclear. Herein, stereoselective polymerization of ortho-methoxystyrene (oMOS) by several representative rare-earth catalysts bearing different ligands (i.e., η5-C5Me5, pyridinyl-methylene-fluorenyl, quinolyl-anilido, β-diketiminato) were systematically investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. After achieving agreement between the calculations and experiments, we focused on discussing the role of ligands in controlling stereoselectivity. Our results reveal that the stereoregularity of oMOS polymerization is mainly controlled by the steric effect of the catalyst-monomer structures. Specifically, the type of ligand influences the orientation and configuration of the inserting monomer, thereby affecting the tacticity of the polymers. In the cases of η5-C5Me5-, pyridinyl-methylene-fluorenyl, and quinolyl-anilido-ligated yttrium catalysts, we observe consistent insertion directions and alternating insertion sides of oMOS monomers, leading to syndiotactic selectivity. The opposite insertion directions and the alternating insertion sides of oMOS monomers were observed in the case of the β-diketiminato yttrium catalyst, leading to isotactic selectivity. These findings reported here offer valuable insights into the role of ligands in controlling stereoselectivity in rare-earth catalyzed coordination polymerization of polar vinyl monomers, thus providing guidance for the rational design of new ligands for stereospecific polymerization of polar monomers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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5
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Shi L, Zhang N, Xue Z, Luo G. Mechanistic Insights into Rare-Earth-Catalyzed Alternating Copolymerization through C-H Polyaddition of Functionalized Organic Compounds to Unconjugated Dienes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8079-8091. [PMID: 38663005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been conducted to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of yttrium-catalyzed C-H polyaddition of 1,4-dimethoxybenzene (DMB) to 1,4-divinylbenzene (DVB). It was computationally determined that DMB not only serves as a substrate but also performs a crucial role as a ligand, stabilizing the catalytically active species and promoting alkene insertion. Side pathways involving Cβ-H activation and C═C continuous insertion were excluded due to steric and electronic factors, respectively, explaining why the reaction occurred efficiently and selectively to give perfectly alternating DMB-DVB polymers. Interestingly, the theoretical prediction of the reactivity of N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and 2,2'-biethyl-4,4'-bipyridine reveals significant differences in the coordination effects of these substrates, leading to distinct mechanisms, primarily influenced by their steric effects. These findings shed new light on the previously overlooked role of substrate ligand effects in rare-earth-catalyzed step-growth copolymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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6
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Zhang N, Xue Z, Shi L, Luo G. Unveiling the Detailed Mechanism and Origins of Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselectivity of Rare-Earth Catalyzed Alternating Copolymerization of Polar and Nonpolar Olefins. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:3544-3559. [PMID: 38308632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
The direct copolymerization of polar and nonpolar olefins is of great interest and significance, as it is the most atom-economical and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of functional polyolefin materials. Despite considerable efforts, the precise control of monomer-sequence and their regio- and stereochemistry is full of challenges, and the related mechanistic origins are still in their infancy to date. Herein, the mechanistic studies on the model reaction of Sc-catalyzed co-syndiospecific alternating copolymerization of anisylpropylene (AP) and styrene were performed by DFT calculations. The results suggest that the subtle balance between electronic and steric factors plays an important role during monomer insertions, and a new amino-dissociated mechanism was proposed for AP insertion at chain initiation. AP insertion follows the 2,1-si-insertion pattern, which is mainly controlled by steric factors caused by the restricted MeO···Sc interaction. As for styrene insertion, it prefers the 2,1-re-insertion manner and its regio- and stereoselectivities are influenced by steric repulsions between the inserting styrene and the polymer chain or the ligand. More interestingly, it is found that the alternating monomer-sequence is mainly determined by the "steric matching" principle, which is quantitatively expressed by the buried volume of the metal center of the preinserted species. The concept of steric pocket has been successfully applied to explain the different performances of several catalysts and other alternating copolymerization reactions. The insightful mechanistic findings and the quantitative steric pocket model present here are expected to promote rational design of new rare-earth catalysts for developing regio-, stereo-, and sequence-controlled copolymerization of specific polar and nonpolar olefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zuqian Xue
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Gen Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
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7
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De Stefano F, Baur M, De Rosa C, Mecking S. Keto-Polyethylenes with Controlled Crystallinity and Materials Properties from Catalytic Ethylene-CO-Norbornene Terpolymerization. Macromolecules 2024; 57:1072-1079. [PMID: 38370911 PMCID: PMC10867887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in Ni(II) catalyzed, nonalternating catalytic copolymerization of ethylene with carbon monoxide (CO) enable the synthesis of in-chain keto-functionalized polyethylenes (keto-PEs) with high-density polyethylene-like materials properties. Addition of norbornene as a bulky, noncrystallizable comonomer during catalytic polymerization allows tuning of the crystallinity in these keto-PE materials by randomly incorporated norbornene units in the polymer chain, while molecular weights are not adversely affected. Such crystallinity-reduced keto-PEs are characterized as softer materials with better ductility and may therefore be more suited for, e.g., potential film applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio De Stefano
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germany
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Maximilian Baur
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germany
| | - Claudio De Rosa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Complesso Monte S. Angelo, Via Cintia, Napoli I-80126, Italy
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz 78464, Germany
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8
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Taylor NS, Gordinier MT, Suhagia T, Pinto DD, Cherry DD, Verry DS, Baker LN, DeYonker NJ, Young KJ, Brewster TP. Donor Ability of Bisphosphinemonoxide Ligands Relevant to Late-Metal Olefin Polymerization Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2888-2898. [PMID: 38295440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Late-transition-metal catalysts for polymerization of olefins have drawn a significant amount of attention owing to their ability to tolerate and incorporate polar comonomers. However, a systematic way to experimentally quantify the electronic properties of the ligands used in these systems has not been developed. Quantified ligand parameters will allow for the rational design of tailored polymerization catalysts, which would target specific polymer properties. We report a series of platinum complexes bearing bisphosphinemonoxide ligands, which resemble those used in the polymerization catalysts of Nozaki and Chen. Their electronic properties are investigated experimentally, and trends are rationalized by using computed spectral properties. Benchmarking computational data with known experimental parameters further enhances the utility of both methods for determining optimal ligands for catalytic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Maxwell T Gordinier
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Tejaskumar Suhagia
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Danna D Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Demetrius D Cherry
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Dominic S Verry
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Lindsey N Baker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Nathan J DeYonker
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
| | - Karin J Young
- Department of Chemistry, Centre College, Danville, Kentucky 40422, United States
| | - Timothy P Brewster
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152, United States
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9
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Li M, Cai Z, Eisen MS. Norbornene Copolymerization with Polar Monomers Catalyzed by Palladium Catalysts Containing Imidazolidin-2-imine/Guanidine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1774-1783. [PMID: 38104269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The development of a palladium catalyst that has enhanced catalytic performance, such as low aluminum cocatalyst loading, good copolymerization ability, high molecular weight, and excellent solubility of the (co)polymers, is still a challenge in norbornene copolymerizations. Here, a series of PdCl2 and PdMeCl complexes containing differently substituted anilines and imidazolidin-2-imine/guanidine ligands was successfully synthesized and characterized. X-ray diffraction analysis results revealed that these Pd complexes adopted an almost square-planar geometry, and the six-membered chelate ring showed structural distinctions as compared to traditional N^N-based α-diimine and β-diimine Pd complexes. These Pd complexes were activated by EtAlCl2 and then exhibited moderate activity (104-105 g mol-1 h-1) and good thermal stability (up to 90 °C) for norbornene polymerization to produce high-molecular-weight PNBs (Mn up to 96.4 kg mol-1) with narrow polydispersities (PDI as low as 1.39). These Pd complexes also exhibited good polar group tolerance in the copolymerization of norbornene with methyl 5-norbornene-2-carboxylate and methyl 10-undecenoate, in which the activity was achieved up to 7.04 × 104 g mol-1 h-1. It furnished polar functionalized norbornene-based copolymers with high molecular weight (Mn up to 63.1 kg mol-1), narrow PDI, reasonable polar monomer incorporation, and good solubility. These Pd catalysts exhibited an enhanced copolymerization ability to produce PNB or NB-based copolymers, representing significant progress in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Moris S Eisen
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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10
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Lin F, Voccia M, Odenwald L, Göttker-Schnetmann I, Falivene L, Caporaso L, Mecking S. Origin of Suppressed Chain Transfer in Phosphinephenolato Ni(II)-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27950-27957. [PMID: 38103185 PMCID: PMC10755696 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent breakthroughs in the generation of polar-functionalized and more sustainable degradable polyethylenes have been enabled by advanced phosphinephenolato Ni(II) catalysts. A key has been to overcome this type of catalysts' propensity for extensive chain transfer to enable formation of high-molecular-weight polyethylene chains. We elucidate the mechanistic origin of this paradigm shift by a combined experimental and theoretical study. Single-crystal X-ray structural analysis and cyclic voltammetry of a set of six different catalysts with variable electronics and sterics, combined with extensive pressure reactor polymerization studies, suggest that an attractive Ni-aryl interaction of a P-[2-(aryl)phenyl] is responsible for the suppression of chain transfer. This differs from the established picture of steric shielding found for other prominent late transition metal catalysts. Extensive density functional theory studies identify the relevant pathways of chain growth and chain transfer and show how this attractive interaction suppresses chain transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Lin
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Maria Voccia
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lukas Odenwald
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Inigo Göttker-Schnetmann
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Laura Falivene
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Lucia Caporaso
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Biologia, Università
di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Chair
of Chemical Materials Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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11
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Xiong S, Ghana P, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Henderson BS, Espinosa MR, Agapie T. Impact of Labile Ligands on Catalyst Initiation and Chain Propagation in Ni-Catalyzed Ethylene/Acrylate Copolymerization. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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12
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Wang YB, Nan C, Zhuo W, Zou C, Jiang H, Hao XQ, Chen C, Song MP. Amine-Imine Nickel Catalysts with Pendant O-Donor Groups for Ethylene (Co)Polymerization. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:5105-5113. [PMID: 36933227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c04240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of a secondary interaction is an efficient strategy to modulate transition-metal-catalyzed ethylene (co)polymerization. In this contribution, O-donor groups were suspended on amine-imine ligands to synthesize a series of nickel complexes. By adjusting the interaction between the nickel metal center and the O-donor group on the ligands, these nickel complexes exhibited high activities for ethylene polymerization (up to 3.48 × 106 gPE·molNi-1·h-1) with high molecular weight up to 5.59 × 105 g·mol-1 and produced good polyethylene elastomers (strain recovery (SR) = 69-81%). In addition, these nickel complexes can catalyze the copolymerization of ethylene with vinyl acetic acid, 6-chloro-1-hexene, 10-undecylenic, 10-undecenoic acid, and 10-undecylenic alcohol to prepare the functionalized polyolefins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Bing Wang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chenlong Nan
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Weize Zhuo
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Qi Hao
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mao-Ping Song
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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13
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Zou C, Wang Q, Si G, Chen C. A co-anchoring strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1442. [PMID: 36922533 PMCID: PMC10017819 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37152-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since polar groups can poison the metal centers in catalysts, the incorporation of polar comonomers usually comes at the expense of catalytic activity and polymer molecular weight. In this contribution, we demonstrate polar bimodal polyethylene as a potential solution to this trade-off. The more-polar/more-branched low-molecular-weight fraction provides polarity and processability, while the less-polar/less-branched high-molecular-weight fraction provides mechanical and melt properties. To achieve high miscibility between these two fractions, three synthetic routes are investigated: mixtures of homogeneous catalysts, separately supported heterogeneous catalysts, and a co-anchoring strategy (CAS) to heterogenize different homogeneous catalysts on one solid support. The CAS route is the only viable strategy for the synthesis of polar bimodal polyethylene with good molecular level entanglement and minimal phase separation. This produces polyolefin materials with excellent mechanical properties, surface/dyeing properties, gas barrier properties, as well as extrudability and 3D-printability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zou
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China
| | - Guifu Si
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
| | - Changle Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, 230026, Hefei, China.
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14
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Samudrala KK, Conley MP. Effects of surface acidity on the structure of organometallics supported on oxide surfaces. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:4115-4127. [PMID: 36912586 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00047h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined organometallics supported on high surface area oxides are promising heterogeneous catalysts. An important design factor in these materials is how the metal interacts with the functionalities on an oxide support, commonly anionic X-type ligands derived from the reaction of an organometallic M-R with an -OH site on the oxide. The metal can either form a covalent M-O bond or form an electrostatic M+⋯-O ion-pair, which impacts how well-defined organometallics will interact with substrates in catalytic reactions. A less common reaction pathway involves the reaction of a Lewis site on the oxide with the organometallic, resulting in abstraction to form an ion-pair, which is relevant to industrial olefin polymerization catalysts. This Feature Article views the spectrum of reactivity between an organometallic and an oxide through the prism of Brønsted and/or Lewis acidity of surface sites and draws analogies to the molecular frame where Lewis and Brønsted acids are known to form reactive ion-pairs. Applications of the well-defined sites developed in this article are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew P Conley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA.
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15
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Peng D, Xu M, Tan C, Chen C. Emulsion Polymerization Strategy for Heterogenization of Olefin Polymerization Catalysts. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Menghe Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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16
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Ullah Khan W, Mazhar H, Shehzad F, Al-Harthi MA. Recent Advances in Transition Metal-Based Catalysts for Ethylene Copolymerization with Polar Comonomer. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200243. [PMID: 36715494 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of polar functionalized polyolefin (PFP) offers improvement in mixing properties, polymer surface, and rheological properties with the potential of upgraded polyolefins for modern and ingenious applications. The synthesis of PFP from metal-based catalyzed olefin (non-polar in nature) copolymerization with polar comonomers embodies energy-efficient, atom-efficient, and apparently an upfront methodology. Despite their outstanding success during conventional polymerization of olefin, 3rd and 4th group (early transition metal)-based catalysts, owing to their electrophilic nature, face challenges mainly due to Lewis basic sites of the polar monomers. On the contrary, late transition metal-based catalysts have also made progress, in recent years, for PFP synthesis. The recent past has also witnessed several advancements in the development of dominating palladium-based catalysts while their lower resistance towards ligand functional groups has limited the practical application of abundant and cheaper nickel-based catalysts. However, the relentless efforts of the scientific community, during the past half-decade, have indicated rigorous progress in the development of nickel-based catalysts for PFP synthesis. In this review, we have abridged the recent research trends in both early as well as late transition metal-based catalyst development. Furthermore, we have highlighted the role of transition metal-based catalysts in influencing the polymer properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasim Ullah Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassam Mazhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farrukh Shehzad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mamdouh A Al-Harthi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining & Advanced Chemicals, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Jiang H, Wang Q, Li S, Cui D. Polar Group-Promoted Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Olefins. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hanqing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Shihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China. Hefei 230026, China
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18
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Xu M, Chen A, Li W, Li Y, Zou C, Chen C. Efficient Synthesis of Polar Functionalized Polyolefins with High Biomass Content. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Menghe Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Ao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yougui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Changle Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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19
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New Ni(II)-Ni(II) Dinuclear Complex, a Resting State of the (α-diimine)NiBr2/AlMe3 Catalyst System for Ethylene Polymerization. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel room-temperature stable diamagnetic nickel complex 2 was detected upon activation of Brookhart-type ethylene polymerization pre-catalyst LNiBr2 (1, L = 1,4-bis-2,4,6-trimethylphenyl-2,3-dimethyl-1,4-diazabuta-1,3-diene) with AlMe3. Using in situ 1H, 2H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as DFT calculations, this species has been identified as an antiferromagnetically coupled homodinuclear complex [LNiII(μ-Me)(μ-CH2)NiIIL]+Br−. Its behavior in the reaction solution is characteristic of the resting state of nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization.
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20
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Li K, Cui L, Zhang Y, Jian Z. Amide-Functionalized Polyolefins and Facile Post-Transformations. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Lei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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21
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Rational Design of Aldimine Imidazolidin-2-imine/Guanidine Nickel Catalysts for Norbornene (Co)Polymerizations with Enhanced Catalytic Performance. J Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2023.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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22
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Zheng H, Pei L, Deng H, Gao H, Gao H. Electronic effects of amine-imine nickel and palladium catalysts on ethylene (co)polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Pérez-Ortega I, Albéniz AC. Multifaceted role of silver salts as ligand scavengers and different behavior of nickel and palladium complexes: beyond halide abstraction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1425-1432. [PMID: 36644801 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03948f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of [NiArBr(PPh3)2] with AgBF4 brings about the abstraction of both the halide and phosphine from the nickel center by silver. When the reaction is carried out in CH2Cl2/toluene a mixture of the cationic aquo derivatives [NiAr(H2O)(PPh3)2]BF4 (2) and [NiAr(H2O)2(PPh3)]BF4 (3) is formed, along with AgBr and [Ag(PPh3)n]BF4. When the same reaction is carried out in acetone as the solvent, it leads to the completely different complex [NiAr(κ2-O, O-MeC(O)CH2C(OH)Me2)(PPh3)] (5), bearing a chelating ligand formed by the aldol self-condensation of acetone. Phosphine abstraction by silver is less favorable for the analogous palladium(II) complexes and only occurs if a large excess of AgBF4 is used. Thus, silver salts can be safely used as halide scavengers for palladium derivatives. However, the generation of cationic Ni complexes from neutral precursors by halide extraction with a silver salt may produce naked species, different than those expected, and highly reactive in certain media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Pérez-Ortega
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ana C Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071-Valladolid, Spain.
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24
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Capacchione C, Grisi F, Lamberti M, Mazzeo M, Milani B, Milione S, Pappalardo D, Zuccaccia C, Pellecchia C. Metal Catalyzed Polymerization: From Stereoregular Poly(α‐olefins) to Tailor‐Made Biodegradable/Biorenewable Polymers and Copolymers. Eur J Inorg Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Capacchione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Fabia Grisi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Marina Lamberti
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Mina Mazzeo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Barbara Milani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche Università di Trieste Via Licio Giorgieri 1 34127 Trieste Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Stefano Milione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Daniela Pappalardo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Università del Sannio Via de Sanctis snc 82100 Benevento Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Cristiano Zuccaccia
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie Università di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06132 Perugia Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Claudio Pellecchia
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli” Università di Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 84084 Fisciano (SA) Italy
- Consorzio per la Reattività Chimica e la Catalisi (CIRCC) Via Celso Ulpiani 27 70126 Bari Italy
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25
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Cheng X, Du F, Li Z. Synthesis of precision poly(1,3‐bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane alkylene)s via acyclic diene metathesis polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Yue Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Fu‐Sheng Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing China
| | - Zi‐Chen Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Polym. Chem. & Physics of Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing China
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26
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‘Catalyst + X’ strategies for transition metal-catalyzed olefin-polar monomer copolymerization. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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27
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Wu R, Klingler Wu W, Stieglitz L, Gaan S, Rieger B, Heuberger M. Recent advances on α-diimine Ni and Pd complexes for catalyzed ethylene (Co)polymerization: A comprehensive review. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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28
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Wu R, Stieglitz L, Lehner S, Jovic M, Rentsch D, Neels A, Gaan S, Rieger B, Heuberger M. Fluorine and Hydroxyl Containing Unsymmetrical a-Diimine Ni (II) Dichlorides with Improved Catalytic Performance for Ethylene Polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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29
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Qasim M, Tian W, Pang W, Pan Y, Behzadi S, Chen M. Effect of Coumarin backbone in N^O type Nickel Catalyzed Olefin Polymerization. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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30
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Xue M, Luo Y, Ren S, Li T, You Q, Xie G. Phenyl-bridged bis-salicylaldiminato binuclear titanium complexes for ethylene (co)polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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31
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Cao L, Cai Z, Li M. Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphinobenzenamine Palladium Complexes and Their Application in Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
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32
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Hu X, Wang C, Jian Z. Advances on Controlled Chain Walking and Suppression of Chain Transfer in Catalytic Olefin Polymerization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yuxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chaoqun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhongbao Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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33
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Ji M, Si G, Pan Y, Tan C, Chen M. Polymeric α-diimine palladium catalysts for olefin (co)polymerization. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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34
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Wang Y, Qin Y, Dong JY. Trouble-free combination of ω-alkenylmethyldichlorosilane copolymerization-hydrolysis chemistry and metallocene catalyst system for highly effective and efficient direct synthesis of long-chain-branched polypropylene. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Mechanical reinforcement of isoprene rubbers via metal-coordinated crosslink of carboxyl-terminated telechelic polymers. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Tereshchenko KA, Shiyan DA, Ulitin NV, Kolesov SV, Khursan SL. Experimental study and kinetic modeling of radical-coordination styrene polymerization with participation of ferrocene. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Mansouri S, Omidvar M, Soleimannezhad A, Shakeri SE, Mortazavi SMM, Ahmadjo S. Copolymerization of cyclic monomers by nickel α-diimine catalysts: catalyst structure, polymer characterization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Baur M, Mecking S. Polyethylenes with Combined In-Chain and Side-Chain Functional Groups from Catalytic Terpolymerization of Carbon Monoxide and Acrylate. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1207-1211. [PMID: 36162407 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Linear polyethylenes with a combination of incorporated in-chain keto as well as side-chain ester groups are formed by Ni(II)-catalyzed terpolymerization of ethylene, carbon monoxide, and methyl acrylate. These possess a random structure, with largely isolated nonalternating in-chain keto groups as well as ester-substituted units adjacent to the polyethylene chain, whereas the solid-state structure of polyethylene is retained. Molecular weights of the terpolymers (Mn ∼ 20.000 g mol-1) are predominantly determined by chain transfer after acrylate incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Baur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
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39
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Wang Q, Wang W, Qu W, Pang W, Qasim M, Zou C. Ethylene homo and copolymerization by phosphorus‐benzoquinone based homogeneous and heterogeneous nickel catalysts. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Wenbing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Weicheng Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Wenmin Pang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Chen Zou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
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40
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Eagan JM, Padilla-Vélez O, O’Connor KS, MacMillan SN, LaPointe AM, Coates GW. Chain-Straightening Polymerization of Olefins to Form Polar Functionalized Semicrystalline Polyethylene. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Eagan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Omar Padilla-Vélez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Kyle S. O’Connor
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Samantha N. MacMillan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Anne M. LaPointe
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
| | - Geoffrey W. Coates
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, United States
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41
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Zhang R, Gao R, Gou Q, Lai J, Li X. Recent Advances in the Copolymerization of Ethylene with Polar Comonomers by Nickel Catalysts. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183809. [PMID: 36145954 PMCID: PMC9500745 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The less-expensive and earth-abundant nickel catalyst is highly promising in the copolymerization of ethylene with polar monomers and has thus attracted increasing attention in both industry and academia. Herein, we have summarized the recent advancements made in the state-of-the-art nickel catalysts with different types of ligands for ethylene copolymerization and how these modifications influence the catalyst performance, as well as new polymerization modulation strategies. With regard to α-diimine, salicylaldimine/ketoiminato, phosphino-phenolate, phosphine-sulfonate, bisphospnine monoxide, N-heterocyclic carbene and other unclassified chelates, the properties of each catalyst and fine modulation of key copolymerization parameters (activity, molecular weight, comonomer incorporation rate, etc.) are revealed in detail. Despite significant achievements, many opportunities and possibilities are yet to be fully addressed, and a brief outlook on the future development and long-standing challenges is provided.
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Valle M, Ximenis M, Lopez de Pariza X, Chan JMW, Sardon H. Spotting Trends in Organocatalyzed and Other Organomediated (De)polymerizations and Polymer Functionalizations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203043. [PMID: 35700152 PMCID: PMC9545893 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Organocatalysis has evolved into an effective complement to metal‐ or enzyme‐based catalysis in polymerization, polymer functionalization, and depolymerization. The ease of removal and greater sustainability of organocatalysts relative to transition‐metal‐based ones has spurred development in specialty applications, e.g., medical devices, drug delivery, optoelectronics. Despite this, the use of organocatalysis and other organomediated reactions in polymer chemistry is still rapidly developing, and we envisage their rapidly growing application in nascent areas such as controlled radical polymerization, additive manufacturing, and chemical recycling in the coming years. In this Review, we describe ten trending areas where we anticipate paradigm shifts resulting from novel organocatalysts and other transition‐metal‐free conditions. We highlight opportunities and challenges and detail how new discoveries could lead to previously inaccessible functional materials and a potentially circular plastics economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Valle
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Jose Mari Korta Center Avda Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Marta Ximenis
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Jose Mari Korta Center Avda Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
- University of the Balearic Islands UIB Department of Chemistry Cra. Valldemossa, Km 7.5 07122 Palma de Mallorca Spain
| | - Xabier Lopez de Pariza
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Jose Mari Korta Center Avda Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
| | - Julian M. W. Chan
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals Energy and Environment (ISCE2) Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island Singapore 627833 Singapore
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU Jose Mari Korta Center Avda Tolosa 72 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian Spain
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43
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Jeong AR, Nayab S, Kim E, Yeo H, Lee H. Norbornene and methyl methacrylate polymerizations catalyzed by palladium(II) complexes bearing aminomethylpyridine and aminomethylquinoline derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Synthesis of Ultra-High molecular weight polyethylene elastomers by para-tert-Butyl dibenzhydryl functionalized α-Diimine nickel catalysts at elevated temperature. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Xiong S, Hong A, Bailey BC, Spinney HA, Senecal TD, Bailey H, Agapie T. Highly Active and Thermally Robust Nickel Enolate Catalysts for the Synthesis of Ethylene-Acrylate Copolymers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206637. [PMID: 35723944 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The insertion copolymerization of polar olefins and ethylene remains a significant challenge in part due to catalysts' low activity and poor thermal stability. Herein we demonstrate a strategy toward addressing these obstacles through ligand design. Neutral nickel phosphine enolate catalysts with large phosphine substituents reaching the axial positions of Ni achieve activity of up to 7.7×103 kg mol-1 h-1 (efficiency >35×103 g copolymer/g Ni) at 110 °C, notable for ethylene/acrylate copolymerization. NMR analysis of resulting copolymers reveals highly linear microstructures with main-chain ester functionality. Structure-performance studies indicate a strong correlation between axial steric hindrance and catalyst performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyan Xiong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Alexandria Hong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Brad C Bailey
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Heather A Spinney
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Todd D Senecal
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Hannah Bailey
- Chemical Science, Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, Midland, MI 48667, USA
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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46
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Late Transition Metal Catalysts with Chelating Amines for Olefin Polymerization. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12090936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyolefins are the most consumed polymeric materials extensively used in our daily life and are usually generated by coordination polymerization in the polyolefin industry. Olefin polymerization catalysts containing transition metal–organic compound combinations are undoubtedly crucial for the development of the polyolefin industry. The nitrogen donor atom has attracted considerable interest and is widely used in combination with the transition metal for the fine-tuning of the chemical environment around the metal center. In addition to widely reported olefin polymerization catalysts with imine and amide donors (sp2 hybrid N), late transition metal catalysts with chelating amine donors (sp3 hybrid N) for olefin polymerization have never been reviewed. In this review paper, we focus on late transition metal (Ni, Pd, Fe, and Co) catalysts with chelating amines for olefin polymerization. A variety of late transition metal catalysts bearing different neutral amine donors are surveyed for olefin polymerization, including amine–imine, amine–pyridine, α-diamine, and [N, N, N] tridentate ligands with amine donors. The relationship between catalyst structure and catalytic performance is also encompassed. This review aims to promote the design of late transition metal catalysts with unique chelating amine donors for the development of high-performance polyolefin materials.
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47
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Xu M, Liu Y, Pang W, Pan Y, Chen M, Zou C, Tan C. Cocatalyst effects in α-diimine nickel catalyzed ethylene polymerization. POLYMER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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48
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Zhang H, Zhang Z, Cai Z, Li M, Liu Z. Influence of Silica-Supported Alkylaluminum on Heterogeneous Zwitterionic Anilinonaphthoquinone Nickel and Palladium-Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization with Polar Monomers. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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49
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Wang Y, Pang W, Zhang S, Tan C. Lewis Acids Modulation in Phosphine‐Sulfonate Palladium Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Wenmin Pang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China
| | - Shaojie Zhang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
| | - Chen Tan
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Computer Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei Anhui China
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50
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Shoshani MM, Xiong S, Lawniczak JJ, Zhang X, Miller TF, Agapie T. Phosphine-Phenoxide Nickel Catalysts for Ethylene/Acrylate Copolymerization: Olefin Coordination and Complex Isomerization Studies Relevant to the Mechanism of Catalysis. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar M. Shoshani
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1 W. University Blvd., Brownsville, Texas 78520, United States
| | - Shuoyan Xiong
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - James J. Lawniczak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Xinglong Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Thomas F. Miller
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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